ADAM33 polymorphisms are associated with asthma and a distinctive palm dermatoglyphic pattern

ADAM33's Role in Asthma Pathogenesis: An Overview

Asthma is a complex chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and obstruction. Many genes have been identified as associated with asthma but none with such substantial significance as the ADAM33 gene due to its role in airway remodeling and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the genetic and functional aspects of ADAM33 in asthma pathogenesis. We highlight its genetic variants associated with asthma susceptibility and severity, as well as the functional effects of ADAM33 on airway remodeling, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and its interplay with environmental factors. Additionally, we discuss the potential clinical implications of ADAM33 as a therapeutic target for asthma management.

Association between ADAM33 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Treatment Response to Inhaled Corticosteroids and a Long-Acting Beta-Agonist in Asthma

ADAM33 has been linked to airway structural changes in patients with asthma, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness, narrowing, and ultimately poor treatment responsiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic association of ADAM33 SNPs with asthma, disease severity, and treatment responsiveness to ICS+LABA in the South Indian population. In this case-control study (486 controls and 503 cases), we performed genotyping using MassArray for six SNPs of ADAM33, namely rs2280091, rs2787094, rs3918396, rs67044, rs2853209, and rs3918392. We studied the association with asthma and treatment responsiveness to ICS+LABA, using genotype, allele frequency distribution, and haplotype analysis. A significant clinical finding of the study was that certain patients in the disease severity group (moderate and mild) showed poor or no improvement after a three-month follow-up of regular ICS+LABA therapy. Of the studied ADAM33 SNPs, rs2853209 showed an association with asthma. The further analysis of asthma patients according to disease severity suggested an association between moderate disease and the minor allele "T" for rs2853209. The homozygous minor allele of SNP rs2787094 was found to be associated with poorer lung function and the least lung-function improvement after three months of ICS+LABA therapy. The haplotype analysis of six SNPs showed a significant association between the rs2853209 and rs3918396 blocks and asthma. ADAM33 gene polymorphism has clinical relevance in terms of disease association and response to treatment. SNP rs2853209 seemed most relevant to asthma, and SNP rs2787094 could be a genetic marker for predicting response to ICS+LABA therapy in the study population.

Genetic association of ADAM33 polymorphisms with childhood asthma in Chinese Han population: A case-control study

To explore the association of a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) polymorphisms with childhood asthma susceptibility, we conducted this case-control study.In this case-control study, we selected 96 asthma children and 86 healthy children to conduct the genotyping of ADAM33 polymorphisms through polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing (PCR-DS). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) status in the control group was detected adopting chi-square test. Frequency differences of genotypes, alleles, and haplotypes were compared by chi-square test between the case and control groups. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) between polymorphisms was checked using Haploview software. Association intensity of the polymorphisms with the disease risk was assessed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).The frequency of rs678881 GA genotype was obviously higher in cases than in controls (P = .03) and the carriage of this genotype conferred higher risk of asthma among children than GG genotype (OR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.05-3.91). However, neither rs2280089 nor rs2853209 polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of childhood asthma. Strong LD was found among rs678881, rs2280089 and rs2853209, and haplotype GGT was distinctly associated with the risk of asthma in children (OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.13-0.57).ADAM33 rs678881 polymorphism is significantly correlated with increased susceptibility to asthma in Chinese Han children. Besides, haplotype GGT among the 3 polymorphisms was obviously associated with decreased risk of childhood asthma.

Association between ADAM33 polymorphisms and asthma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Asthma is a common complex chronic, inflammatory polygenic disease with heterogeneous manifestations, affecting individuals of all age groups and posing an immense burden on healthcare resources. A number of studies have identified the association between a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) polymorphisms and asthma risk, however, the results still remain inconclusive. The objective of the present study was to identify the effect of ADAM33 variants in asthma susceptibility.

Methods

Eligible case-control studies published between January 2000 and June 2018 was searched and retrieved from online electronic databases. The odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was employed to calculate the effect.

Results

A total of 63 case-control studies were finally screened out, including 13,280 asthma patients and 13,340 controls. Eleven SNPs of ADAM33 gene were identified. Our results detected a significant association between ADAM33 T2, Q1, F + 1 and AA genotype of T + 1 polymorphisms and asthma risk in total population. Subgroup analysis by ethnicities showed that the alleles and genotypes of T2, Q1 and F + 1 polymorphisms were associated with asthma susceptibility among Asian populations, while V4 polymorphism was associated with asthma among Caucasian populations. Subgroup analysis by ages showed that T2, F + 1 and ST + 4 polymorphisms were associated with childhood asthma, while Q1 and V4 polymorphisms were associated with asthma risk in adults. Subgroup analysis by asthma severity showed that only the G allele of ADAM33 T1 polymorphism was associated with the severity of asthma when compared with the controls. In addition, T2, Q1 and F + 1 polymorphisms of ADAM33 were significantly associated with increased the asthma risk in Chinese asthma patients.

Conclusions

Our results found that T2, Q1 and F + 1 polymorphisms of ADAM33 gene might contribute to asthma risk. Future well-designed case-control studies with large population and more ethnicities are still needed to estimate the association.

ADAM33 gene polymorphisms identified to be associated with asthma in a Chinese Li population

A disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) is an asthma susceptibility gene that has been proven to be present in certain human populations. The Li population is a minority ethnic group, most of whom maintain a distinctive lifestyle on Hainan Island in southern China. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has established whether ADAM33 polymorphisms are associated with asthma in the Li population. Therefore, the ADAM33 polymorphisms in a Li population were investigated in the present study. A total of 150 asthma patients and 100 healthy subjects were enrolled in the present study, and their DNA samples were evaluated to analyze eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the ADAM33 gene. Asthma patients were subcategorized into low and high severity groups, and their SNP data were compared with the data of the control subjects. Single-marker and haplotype association was analyzed to demonstrate the association between ADAM33 SNPs and asthma using multiple genetic statistic tests. The results indicated significant differences in allele frequencies at the SNPs rs44707/T2 (P=0.008), rs2787094/V4 (P=0.028) and rs2280089/T+1 (P=0.021) between asthma patients and control subjects. The SNP rs44707/T2 was also found to be associated with the high severity group (P=0.024), although SNPs rs2787094/V4 were associated with the low severity group (P=0.019). Two haplotypes, GGAGAGT and GAAGGGT, were significantly associated with asthma (P=0.003 and 0.008, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that SNP rs2280089/T+1 has been reported to be associated with asthma in an Asian population. These data confirm that ADAM33 polymorphisms are associated with asthma susceptibility in the Li population and confirm the uniqueness of the Li minority population within China.

Palm dermatoglyphs and interleukin-4 receptor polymorphisms in asthma

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) gene have been identified as having a close association with asthma severity in different populations. In our previous studies, a close association between asthma and a distinctive palm dermatoglyphic pattern was observed; however, the clinical implication and underlying genetic mechanisms of this particular palm pattern have not been clarified. Whether this particular palm pattern is associated with asthma severity and IL-4R SNPs was assessed in the present study. A case cohort study was conducted in 400 patients with allergic asthma and in 200 healthy controls. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes for analysis of 11 IL-4R SNPs associated with asthma via polymerase chain reaction. There are two SNPs, rs1805012 and rs3024608, which are associated with asthma (rs1805012, dominant model; P=0.03 and rs3024608, codominant model; P=0.029), and two SNPs, rs1805010 and rs3024608, which are associated with the positive palm pattern (rs1805010, log-additive model; P=0.031 and rs3024608, codominant model; P=0.016). The SNP of rs3024608 is associated with asthma and the positive palm pattern. Thus, genetic variation in IL-4R may be associated with the development of asthma and the distinctive palm pattern; however, further investigations are required to identify the connection between asthma and palm dermatoglyphic patterns.

Assessment of Environmental and Hereditary Influence on Development of Pituitary Tumors Using Dermatoglyphic Traits and Their Potential as Screening Markers

The aim of this study was to assess environmental and hereditary influence on development of pituitary tumors using dermatoglyphic traits. The study was performed on 126 patients of both genders with pituitary tumors (60 non-functional and 66 functional pituitary tumor patients) in comparison to the control group of 400 phenotypically healthy individuals. Statistical analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits of digito-palmar dermatoglyphics was performed, and hormonal status was determined according to the standard protocols. Although we did not find markers that could specifically distinguish functional from non-functional tumors, we have found markers predisposing to the development of tumors in general (a small number of ridges between triradius of both hands, a smaller number of ridges between the triradius of c–d rc R), those for endocrine dysfunction (increased number of arches and reduced number of whorls, difference of pattern distribution in the I3 and I4 interdigital space), and some that could potentially be attributed to patients suffering from pituitary tumors (small number of ridges for variables FRR 5, smaller number of ridges in the FRL 4 of both hands and difference of pattern distribution at thenar of I1 and I2 interdigital space). The usage of dermatoglyphic traits as markers of predisposition of pituitary tumor development could facilitate the earlier detection of patients in addition to standard methods, and possibly earlier treatment and higher survival rate. Finally, our results are consistent with the hypothesis about multifactorial nature of pituitary tumor etiology comprised of both gene instability and environmental factors.

Association study on ADAM33 polymorphisms in mite-sensitized persistent allergic rhinitis in a Chinese population

Background

The ADAM33 gene has been identified as a potentially important asthma candidate gene and polymorphisms in this gene have been shown to be associated with asthma and seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Objective

To assess whether the ADAM33 polymorphisms are associated with persistent allergic rhinitis (PER) due to house dust mites in a Chinese population.

Methods

In a hospital-based case-control study of 515 patients with mite-sensitized PER and 495 healthy controls, we genotyped seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADAM33. Serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein, total IgE and allergen-specific IgE against Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae were measured by the ImmunoCAP assays.

Results

In the single-locus analysis, three polymorphisms, rs3918392 (F1), rs528557 (S2) and rs2787093, were significantly associated with mite-sensitized PER. SNP S2 was associated with significantly increased risk both of asthmatic and nonasthmatic mite-sensitized PER. In the combined genotypes analysis, individuals with 2–4 risk alleles had a significantly higher risk of mite-sensitized PER (adjusted OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.50–2.62) than those with 0–1 risk alleles. Haplotype-based association analysis revealed that the ACAGCCT haplotype might have potential to protect against mite-sensitized PER (adjusted OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.49–0.90).

Conclusions

Polymorphisms in the ADAM33 gene may contribute to susceptibility of mite-sensitized PER in this Chinese population.