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Mizdrak M, Ticinovic Kurir T, Mizdrak I, Kumric M, Krnic M, Bozic J. The Role of the Gap Junction Protein Connexin in Adrenal Gland Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5399. [PMID: 38791437 PMCID: PMC11121959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions (GJs) are important in the regulation of cell growth, morphology, differentiation and migration. However, recently, more attention has been paid to their role in the pathogenesis of different diseases as well as tumorigenesis, invasion and metastases. The expression pattern and possible role of connexins (Cxs), as major GJ proteins, under both physiological and pathological conditions in the adrenal gland, were evaluated in this review. The databases Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus were searched. Studies were evaluated if they provided data regarding the connexin expression pattern in the adrenal gland, despite current knowledge of this topic not being widely investigated. Connexin expression in the adrenal gland differs according to different parts of the gland and depends on ACTH release. Cx43 is the most studied connexin expressed in the adrenal gland cortex. In addition, Cx26, Cx32 and Cx50 were also investigated in the human adrenal gland. Cx50 as the most widespread connexin, along with Cx26, Cx29, Cx32, Cx36 and Cx43, has been expressed in the adrenal medulla with distinct cellular distribution. Considerable effort has recently been directed toward connexins as therapeutically targeted molecules. At present, there exist several viable strategies in the development of potential connexin-based therapeutics. The differential and hormone-dependent distribution of gap junctions within adrenal glands, the relatively large gap junction within this gland and the increase in the gap junction size and number following hormonal treatment would indicate that gap junctions play a pivotal role in cell functioning in the adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Mizdrak
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.M.); (T.T.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Tina Ticinovic Kurir
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.M.); (T.T.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ivan Mizdrak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Marko Kumric
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Laboratory for Cardiometabolic Research, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Mladen Krnic
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.M.); (T.T.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Laboratory for Cardiometabolic Research, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Oliveira MC, Verswyvel H, Smits E, Cordeiro RM, Bogaerts A, Lin A. The pro- and anti-tumoral properties of gap junctions in cancer and their role in therapeutic strategies. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102503. [PMID: 36228438 PMCID: PMC9557036 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions (GJs), essential structures for cell-cell communication, are made of two hemichannels (commonly called connexons), one on each adjacent cell. Found in almost all cells, GJs play a pivotal role in many physiological and cellular processes, and have even been linked to the progression of diseases, such as cancer. Modulation of GJs is under investigation as a therapeutic strategy to kill tumor cells. Furthermore, GJs have also been studied for their key role in activating anti-cancer immunity and propagating radiation- and oxidative stress-induced cell death to neighboring cells, a process known as the bystander effect. While, gap junction (GJ)-based therapeutic strategies are being developed, one major challenge has been the paradoxical role of GJs in both tumor progression and suppression, based on GJ composition, cancer factors, and tumoral context. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of action, regulation, and the dual characteristics of GJs in cancer is critical for developing effective therapeutics. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of GJs structure, function, and paradoxical pro- and anti-tumoral role in cancer. We also discuss the treatment strategies to target these GJs properties for anti-cancer responses, via modulation of GJ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Oliveira
- Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine-Antwerp (PLASMANT), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, CEP 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hanne Verswyvel
- Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine-Antwerp (PLASMANT), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rodrigo M Cordeiro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, CEP 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Annemie Bogaerts
- Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine-Antwerp (PLASMANT), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Abraham Lin
- Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine-Antwerp (PLASMANT), Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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3
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Zhang SX, Liu W, Ai B, Sun LL, Chen ZS, Lin LZ. Current Advances and Outlook in Gastric Cancer Chemoresistance: A Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:26-41. [PMID: 34587888 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210929165729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection of the lesion is the standard primary treatment of gastric cancer. Unfortunately, most patients are already in the advanced stage of the disease when they are diagnosed with gastric cancer. Alternative therapies, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, can achieve only very limited benefits. The emergence of cancer drug resistance has always been the major obstacle to the cure of tumors. The main goal of modern cancer pharmacology is to determine the underlying mechanism of anticancer drugs. OBJECTIVE Here, we mainly review the latest research results related to the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer, the application of natural products in overcoming the chemotherapy resistance of gastric cancer, and the new strategies currently being developed to treat tumors based on immunotherapy and gene therapy. CONCLUSION The emergence of cancer drug resistance is the main obstacle in achieving alleviation and final cure for gastric cancer. Mixed therapies are considered to be a possible way to overcome chemoresistance. Natural products are the main resource for discovering new drugs specific for treating chemoresistance, and further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of natural product activity in patients. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xiong Zhang
- Guangdong Province Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, 510440. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006. China
| | - Bo Ai
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Ling-Ling Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, New York. United States
| | - Li-Zhu Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
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Wu DP, Bai LR, Lv YF, Zhou Y, Ding CH, Yang SM, Zhang F, Wang YY, Huang JL, Yin XX. A Novel Role of Connexin 40-Formed Channels in the Enhanced Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy. Front Oncol 2019; 9:595. [PMID: 31338328 PMCID: PMC6629863 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite responses to initial treatment of photodynamic therapy (PDT) being promising, a recurrence rate exists. Thus, finding novel therapeutic targets to enhance PDT efficacy is an urgent need. Reports indicate that connexin (Cx) 40 plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis and growth. However, it is unknown whether Cx40-composed channels have effects on PDT efficacy. The study uniquely demonstrated that Cx40-formed channels could enhance the phototoxicity of PDT to malignant cells in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, Cx40-formed channels at high cell density could increase PDT photocytotoxicity. This action was substantially restricted when Cx40 expression was not induced or Cx40 channels were restrained. Additionally, the presence of Cx40-composed channels enhanced the phototoxicity of PDT in the tumor xenografts. The above results indicate that enhancing the function of Cx40-formed channels increases PDT efficacy. The enhancement of PDT efficacy mediated by Cx40 channels was related with intracellular pathways mediated by ROS and calcium pathways, but not the lipid peroxide-mediated pathway. This work demonstrates the capacity of Cx40-mediated channels to increase PDT efficacy and suggests that therapeutic strategies designed to maintain or enhance Cx40 expression and/or channels composed by Cx40 may increase the therapeutic efficacy of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Pan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li-Ru Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan-Fang Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chun-Hui Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Si-Man Yang
- Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jin-Lan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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5
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Peng Y, Wang X, Guo Y, Peng F, Zheng N, He B, Ge H, Tao L, Wang Q. Pattern of cell-to-cell transfer of microRNA by gap junction and its effect on the proliferation of glioma cells. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1947-1958. [PMID: 31012516 PMCID: PMC6549926 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA is expected to be a novel therapeutic tool for tumors. Gap junctions facilitate the transfer of microRNA, which exerts biological effects on tumor cells. However, the length of microRNA that can pass through certain gap junctions composed of specific connexin remains unknown. To address this question, the present study investigated the permeability of gap junctions composed of various connexins, including connexin 43, connexin 32 or connexin 37, to microRNAs consisting of 18-27 nucleotides in glioma cells and cervical cancer cells. Results indicated that all of the microRNAs were able to be transferred from donor glioma cells to neighboring cells through the connexin 43 composed gap junction, but not the gap junctions composed of connexin 32 or connexin 37, in cervical cancer cells. Downregulation of the function of gap junctions comprising connexin 43 by pharmacological inhibition and shRNA significantly decreased the transfer of these microRNAs. In contrast, gap junction enhancers and overexpression of connexin 43 effectively increased these transfers. In glioma cells, cell proliferation was inhibited by microRNA-34a. Additionally, these effects of microRNA-34a were significantly enhanced by overexpression of connexin 43 in U251 cells, indicating that gap junctions play an important role in the antitumor effect of microRNA by transfer of microRNA to neighboring cells. Our data are the first to clarify the pattern of microRNA transmission through gap junctions and provide novel insights to show that antitumor microRNAs should be combined with connexin 43 or a connexin 43 enhancer, not connexin 32 or connexin 37, in order to improve the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Peng
- Department of PharmacologyZhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Tumor Research InstituteXinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor HospitalUrumqiChina
| | - Yunquan Guo
- Tumor Research InstituteXinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor HospitalUrumqiChina
| | - Fuhua Peng
- Department of PharmacologyZhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ningze Zheng
- Department of PharmacologyZhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bo He
- Department of AnesthesiologySun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hui Ge
- Tumor Research InstituteXinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor HospitalUrumqiChina
| | - Liang Tao
- Department of PharmacologyZhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of PharmacologyZhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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6
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Wu DP, Bai LR, Lv YF, Zhou Y, Ding CH, Yang SM, Zhang F, Huang JL. A novel role of Cx43-composed GJIC in PDT phototoxicity: an implication of Cx43 for the enhancement of PDT efficacy. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:598-609. [PMID: 30745846 PMCID: PMC6367575 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.29582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of initially promising responses, 5-year recurrence after photodynamic therapy (PDT) sustains high level and an increase in PDT effectiveness is needed. It has been demonstrated that gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) formed by Connexin (Cx)43 could improve the transfer of "death signal" between cells, thereby causing the enhancement of cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutics and suicide gene therapy. Nevertheless, whether Cx43-composed GJIC has an effect on PDT phototoxicity remains unknown. This study showed that Cx43-formed GJIC could improve PDT phototoxicity to tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, Cx43-formed GJIC under the condition of high cellular density could improve PDT phototoxicity in Cx43-transfected HeLa cells and Cx43-expressing U87 glioma cells. This effect was remarkably inhibited when Cx43 was not expressed or Cx43-formed GJ channels were prohibited. Additionally, the presence of Cx43-mediated GJIC could decrease the mean RTV and tumor weights of xenografts after Photofrin-PDT. The improved PDT efficacy by Cx43-composed GJIC was correlated with stress signaling pathways mediated by ROS, calcium and lipid peroxide. The present study demonstrates the presence of Cx43-composed GJIC improves PDT phototoxicity and suggests that therapeutic strategies designed to upregulate the expression of Cx43 or enhance Cx43-mediated GJIC function may increase the sensitivity of malignant cell to PDT, leading to the increment of PDT efficacy. Oppositely, factors that retard Cx43 expression or prohibit the function of Cx43-mediated GJIC may cause insensitivity of malignant cells to PDT, leading to PDT resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Pan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ru Bai
- Department of Pharmacy,Wuxi Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, 214062, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Fang Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Hui Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Si-Man Yang
- Scientific research center of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Scientific research center of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Jin-Lan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
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7
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Lu L, Zhao Z, Liu L, Gong W, Dong J. Combination of baicalein and docetaxel additively inhibits the growth of non-small cell lung cancer in vivo. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s2575900018500131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy of the combination of baicalein and docetaxel on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vivo. Methods: The subcutaneous model was established by inoculation of A549 cells, and then these tumor-bearing mice were randomly assigned to eight groups to receive normal saline (NS) as control, baicalein alone, Taxotere[Formula: see text] (docetaxel injection) alone or the combination of baicalein and Taxotere[Formula: see text]. The effect of the combination treatment was evaluated by [Formula: see text] value. Tumors were harvested for TUNEL and CD31 immunohistochemical staining and important organs for H&E staining. Results: Baicalein 50[Formula: see text]mg/kg plus docetaxel 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg significantly reduced tumor weight and inhibited the growth rate of tumor, displaying the additive effect indicated by the [Formula: see text] value. Increased apoptosis and decreased tumor angiogenesis also provided pathological evidence. Additionally, baicalein 50[Formula: see text]mg/kg plus docetaxel 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg did not increase toxicity in lung, liver and kidney. Conclusion: Baicalein 50[Formula: see text]mg/kg plus docetaxel 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg additively inhibits the growth of NSCLC in vivo, and the mechanism underlying remains to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Zhao
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lumei Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Gong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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8
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Lu C, Wang H, Chen S, Yang R, Li H, Zhang G. Baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity of A549 and H460 cells via miR-424-3p and targeting PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2478-2487. [PMID: 29392841 PMCID: PMC5867147 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in individuals with malignant disease. Non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, and chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin are the most widely used treatment for this disease. Baicalein is a purified flavonoid compound that has been reported to inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis and increase sensitization to chemotherapeutic drugs via different pathways. Therefore, we assessed the effects of baicalein on the proliferation, apoptosis and cisplatin sensitivity in the NSCLC A549 and H460 cell lines and determined the pathways through which baicalein exerts its effects. Baicalein was slightly toxic to normal human bronchial NHBE cells but inhibited growth, induced apoptosis and increased cisplatin sensitivity in A549 and H460 cells. Baicalein down‐regulated miR‐424‐3p, up‐regulated PTEN expression and down‐regulated expression of PI3K and p‐Akt in A549 and H460 cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that PTEN is a target gene of miR‐424‐3p, and overexpression of miR‐424‐3p or silencing of PTEN partially attenuated the effects of baicalein on A549 and H460 cells. Taken together, we concluded that baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity to A549 and H460 cells via down‐regulation of miR‐424‐3p and targeting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunya Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huaqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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9
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Suma D, Acun A, Zorlutuna P, Vural DC. Interdependence theory of tissue failure: bulk and boundary effects. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018. [PMID: 29515857 PMCID: PMC5830746 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The mortality rate of many complex multicellular organisms increases with age, which suggests that net ageing damage is accumulative, despite remodelling processes. But how exactly do these little mishaps in the cellular level accumulate and spread to become a systemic catastrophe? To address this question we present experiments with synthetic tissues, an analytical model consistent with experiments, and a number of implications that follow the analytical model. Our theoretical framework describes how shape, curvature and density influences the propagation of failure in a tissue subjected to oxidative damage. We propose that ageing is an emergent property governed by interaction between cells, and that intercellular processes play a role that is at least as important as intracellular ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Suma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Aylin Acun
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Dervis Can Vural
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
- Author for correspondence: Dervis Can Vural e-mail:
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10
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Niu P, Shi D, Zhang S, Zhu Y, Zhou J. Cardamonin enhances the anti-proliferative effect of cisplatin on ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3991-3997. [PMID: 29456744 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is well-known as a promising therapeutic target in various cancer cells. mTOR activation decreases the sensitivity of ovarian cancer to cisplatin. Cardamonin inhibits the proliferation of various cancer cells by mTOR suppression. The present study examined whether cardamonin combined with cisplatin is efficacious for the anti-proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. The anti-proliferative effect was determined by MTT and cell cycle assays. Activation of the mTOR signal pathway and the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins were evaluated by western blot analysis. Cardamonin significantly enhanced the effects of cisplatin on cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. The expression of B cell lymphoma-2, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and Survivin was significantly decreased following combination treatment. Furthermore, the activation of mTOR and its downstream 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase was inhibited by cardamonin. These results demonstrated that the combinatorial effects of cardamonin and cisplatin on anti-proliferation were enhanced by suppressing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and activation of mTOR in ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiguang Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Daohua Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yanting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jintuo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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11
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Wu DP, Lin TY, Bai LR, Huang JL, Zhou Y, Zhou N, Zhong SL, Gao S, Yin XX. Enhanced phototoxicity of photodynamic treatment by Cx26-composed GJIC via ROS-, calcium- and lipid peroxide-mediated pathways. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2017; 10:1586-1596. [PMID: 28417552 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the promising initial treatment responses presented by photodynamic therapy (PDT), 5-year recurrence rates remain high level. Therefore, improvement in the efficacy of PDT is needed. There are reports showing that connexin(Cx) 26-composed gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) enhances the intercellular propagation of "death signal", thereby increasing chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity. However, it is unclear whether Cx26-formed GJIC has an effect on PDT phototoxicity. The results in the present study showed that Cx26-composed GJ formation at high density enhances the phototoxicity of Photofrin-PDT. When the Cx26 is not expressed or Cx26 channels are blocked, the phototoxicity in high-density cultures substantially reduces, indicating that the enhanced PDT phototoxicity at high density is mediated by Cx26-composed GJIC. The GJIC-mediated increase in PDT phototoxicity was associated with ROS, calcium and lipid peroxide-mediated stress signaling pathways. The work presents the ability of Cx26-composed GJIC to enhance the sensitivity of malignant cells to PDT, and indicates that maintenance or increase of Cx26-formed GJIC may be a profitable strategy towards the enhancement of PDT therapeutic efficiency. Picture: The survival response of Photofrin-PDT in Dox-treated (Cx26 expressing, GJ-formed) and Dox-untreated cells (Cx26 non-expressing, GJ-unformed) at high-cell density condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Pan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ru Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Lan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Lei Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Shan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, P.R. China
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12
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Modulation of Glutathione Hemostasis by Inhibition of 12/15-Lipoxygenase Prevents ROS-Mediated Cell Death after Hepatic Ischemia and Reperfusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8325754. [PMID: 28811867 PMCID: PMC5546123 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8325754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) mediated ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) detrimentally impacts liver transplantation and resection. 12/15-Lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX), an antagonistic protein of the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling cascade, was proven to mediate cell death in postischemic cerebral and myocardial tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of 12/15-LOX inhibition on hepatic IRI. Methods Livers of C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 60 minutes of partial warm ischemia and 90 minutes of reperfusion after previous Baicalein administration, an inhibitor of 12/15-LOX. Tissue samples were analyzed by TUNEL assay, Western blot, and spectral photometry. Results TUNEL labeling showed a significant reduction of hepatic cell death following baicalein pretreatment. Western Blot analysis revealed a significant downregulation of Jun-amino-terminal-kinase (JNK), caspase-3, and poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP), besides considerably lowered p44/42-MAP-kinase (ERK1/2) expression after Baicalein administration. A significant elevation of glutathione oxidation was measured in Baicalein pretreated livers. Conclusion Our data show that inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase causes significant cell death reduction after hepatic ischemia and reperfusion by enhancing glutathione metabolism. We conclude that GPX4-dependent cell death signaling cascade might play a major role in development of hepatic IRI, in which the investigated proteins JNK, caspase-3, ERK1/2, and PARP might contribute to tissue damage.
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13
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Yu M, Qi B, Xiaoxiang W, Xu J, Liu X. Baicalein increases cisplatin sensitivity of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:677-685. [PMID: 28415048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, a bioactive flavonoid, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. However, few studies reported the interaction of baicalein with chemotherapeutic agents. Our study showed that baicalein significantly enhanced the chemosensitivity of cisplatin (CDDP) in vivo and in vitro. We found that A549/CDDP (resistant to CDDP) cells not only acquired epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, but also showed increased NF-κB activity compared with A549 cells (sensitive to CDDP). Our study further demonstrated that PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway controlled CDDP resistance via EMT and NF-κB-mediated apoptosis. Baicalein significantly suppressed the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, leading to conversion of EMT to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET, the reciprocal mesenchymal to epithelial transition), and inhibition of NF-κB-mediated antiapoptotic proteins in A549/CDDP cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that baicalein reversed the resistance of human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells to cisplatin by inhibiting EMT and attenuating apoptosis via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu, 233004, PR China
| | - Benquan Qi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu, 233004, PR China
| | - Wu Xiaoxiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu, 233004, PR China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu, 233004, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu, 233030, PR China.
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14
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Zhang Q, Feng Y, Kennedy D. Multidrug-resistant cancer cells and cancer stem cells hijack cellular systems to circumvent systemic therapies, can natural products reverse this? Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:777-801. [PMID: 27622244 PMCID: PMC11107623 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the most effective and broadly used approaches for cancer management and many modern regimes can eliminate the bulk of the cancer cells. However, recurrence and metastasis still remain a major obstacle leading to the failure of systemic cancer treatments. Therefore, to improve the long-term eradication of cancer, the cellular and molecular pathways that provide targets which play crucial roles in drug resistance should be identified and characterised. Multidrug resistance (MDR) and the existence of tumor-initiating cells, also referred to as cancer stem cells (CSCs), are two major contributors to the failure of chemotherapy. MDR describes cancer cells that become resistant to structurally and functionally unrelated anti-cancer agents. CSCs are a small population of cells within cancer cells with the capacity of self-renewal, tumor metastasis, and cell differentiation. CSCs are also believed to be associated with chemoresistance. Thus, MDR and CSCs are the greatest challenges for cancer chemotherapy. A significant effort has been made to identify agents that specifically target MDR cells and CSCs. Consequently, some agents derived from nature have been developed with a view that they may overcome MDR and/or target CSCs. In this review, natural products-targeting MDR cancer cells and CSCs are summarized and clustered by their targets in different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Natural Sciences, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Yunjiang Feng
- School of Natural Sciences, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Derek Kennedy
- School of Natural Sciences, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, Australia.
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15
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Niu C, Wan J, Bian Y, Li F, Lan J. Baicalein and its underlying mechanism as a protector against liver injury induced by cisplatin in mice. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1257924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Niu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
| | - Jing Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
| | - Yue Bian
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
| | - Jiandong Lan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
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16
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Abstract
The constituents of many traditional Chinese herbal remedies are currently at the forefront of modern cancer research. Baicalein, a bioactive flavone widely used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, has shown great potential in the treatment and prevention of cancer without causing severe side effects. Baicalein induces cancer cell apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest. It shows inhibitory effects on angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation, all of which are necessary for the promotion and progression of cancer. This review presents an overview of the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of baicalein. In addition, the bioavailability of baicalein and approaches to improve it are summarized. Treatments of baicalein in combination with other anti-cancer agents are also mentioned.
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17
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang Q, Ge H, Tao L. Propofol depresses cisplatin cytotoxicity via the inhibition of gap junctions. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4715-20. [PMID: 27082707 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The general anesthetic, propofol, affects chemotherapeutic activity, however, the mechanism underlying its effects remains to be fully elucidated. Our previous study showed that tramadol and flurbiprofen depressed the cytotoxicity of cisplatin via the inhibition of gap junction (GJ) intercellular communication (GJIC) in connexin (Cx)32 HeLa cells. The present study investigated whether the effects of propofol on the cytotoxicity of cisplatin were mediated by GJ in U87 glioma cells and Cx26‑transfected HeLa cells. Standard colony formation assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of cisplatin. Parachute dye coupling assay was used to measure GJ function, and western blot analysis was used to determine the expression levels of Cx32. The results revealed that exposure of the U87 glioma cells and the Cx26-transfected HeLa cells to cisplatin for 1 h reduced clonogenic survival in low density cultures (without GJs) and high density cultures (with GJs). However, the toxic effect was higher in the high density culture. In addition, pretreatment of the cells with propofol significantly reduced cisplatin‑induced cytotoxicity, but only in the presence of functional GJs. Furthermore, propofol significantly inhibited dye coupling through junctional channels, and a long duration of exposure of the cells to propofol downregulated the expression levels of Cx43 and Cx26. These results demonstrated that the inhibition of GJIC by propofol affected the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present study provides evidence of a novel mechanism underlying the effects of analgesics in counteracting chemotherapeutic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Tumor Research Institute, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Hui Ge
- Tumor Research Institute, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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18
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Sahu BD, Mahesh Kumar J, Sistla R. Baicalein, a Bioflavonoid, Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Up-Regulating Antioxidant Defenses and Down-Regulating the MAPKs and NF-κB Pathways. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26222683 PMCID: PMC4519041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute renal failure is a serious complication of the anticancer drug cisplatin. The potential role of baicalein, a naturally occurring bioflavonoid on cisplatin-induced renal injury is unknown. Here, we assessed the effect of baicalein against a murine model of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure and investigated the underlying possible mechanisms. Renal function, kidney histology, inflammation, oxidative stress, renal mitochondrial function, proteins involved in apoptosis, nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and effects on intracellular signaling pathways such as MAPKs, and NF-κB were assessed. Pretreatment with baicalein ameliorated the cisplatin-induced renal oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation and improved kidney injury and function. Baicalein inhibited the cisplatin-induced expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and mononuclear cell infiltration and concealed redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB activation via reduced DNA-binding activity, IκBα phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation in kidneys. Further studies demonstrated baicalein markedly attenuated cisplatin-induced p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation in kidneys. Baicalein also restored the renal antioxidants and increased the amount of total and nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 and downstream target protein, HO-1 in kidneys. Moreover, baicalein preserved mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activities and inhibited cisplatin-induced apoptosis by suppressing p53 expression, Bax/Bcl-2 imbalance, cytochrome c release and activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP. Our findings suggest that baicalein ameliorates cisplatin-induced renal damage through up-regulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms and down regulation of the MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Jerald Mahesh Kumar
- Animal House Facility, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
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19
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Gao K, Chi Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Li G, Sun W, Takeda M, Yao J. A novel TXNIP-based mechanism for Cx43-mediated regulation of oxidative drug injury. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2469-80. [PMID: 26154105 PMCID: PMC4594688 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions (GJs) play an important role in the regulation of cell response to many drugs. However, little is known about their mechanisms. Using an in vitro model of cytotoxicity induced by geneticin (G418), we explored the potential signalling mechanisms involved. Incubation of cells with G418 resulted in cell death, as indicated by the change in cell morphology, loss of cell viability and activation of caspase-3. Before the onset of cell injury, G418 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, activated oxidative sensitive kinase P38 and caused a shift of connexin 43 (Cx43) from non-phosphorylated form to hyperphosphorylated form. These changes were largely prevented by antioxidants, suggesting an implication of oxidative stress. Downregulation of Cx43 with inhibitors or siRNA suppressed the expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), activated Akt and protected cells against the toxicity of G418. Further analysis revealed that inhibition of TXNIP with siRNA activated Akt and reproduced the protective effect of Cx43-inhibiting agents, whereas suppression of Akt sensitized cells to the toxicity of G418. Furthermore, interference of TXNIP/Akt also affected puromycin- and adriamycin-induced cell injury. Our study thus characterized TXNIP as a presently unrecognized molecule implicated in the regulatory actions of Cx43 on oxidative drug injury. Targeting Cx43/TXNIP/Akt signalling cascade might be a promising approach to modulate cell response to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Gao
- Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Chi
- Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Xiling Zhang
- Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Urology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.,Department of Urology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Masayuki Takeda
- Department of Urology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Jian Yao
- Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
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