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Dalseno D, Anderton H, Kueh A, Herold MJ, Silke J, Strasser A, Bouillet P. Deletion of Gpatch2 does not alter Tnf expression in mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:214. [PMID: 36973252 PMCID: PMC10043016 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05751-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine TNF has essential roles in immune defence against diverse pathogens and, when its expression is deregulated, it can drive severe inflammatory disease. The control of TNF levels is therefore critical for normal functioning of the immune system and health. We have identified GPATCH2 as a putative repressor of Tnf expression acting post-transcriptionally through the TNF 3' UTR in a CRISPR screen for novel regulators of TNF. GPATCH2 is a proposed cancer-testis antigen with roles reported in proliferation in cell lines. However, its role in vivo has not been established. We have generated Gpatch2-/- mice on a C57BL/6 background to assess the potential of GPATCH2 as a regulator of Tnf expression. Here we provide the first insights into Gpatch2-/- animals and show that loss of GPATCH2 affects neither basal Tnf expression in mice, nor Tnf expression in intraperitoneal LPS and subcutaneous SMAC-mimetic injection models of inflammation. We detected GPATCH2 protein in mouse testis and at lower levels in several other tissues, however, the morphology of the testis and these other tissues appears normal in Gpatch2-/- animals. Gpatch2-/- mice are viable, appear grossly normal, and we did not detect notable aberrations in lymphoid tissues or blood cell composition. Collectively, our results suggest no discernible role of GPATCH2 in Tnf expression, and the absence of an overt phenotype in Gpatch2-/- mice warrants further investigation of the role of GPATCH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destiny Dalseno
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Holly Anderton
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew Kueh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Marco J Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - John Silke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Philippe Bouillet
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Ma L, Zhang Y, Hu F. miR‑28‑5p inhibits the migration of breast cancer by regulating WSB2. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1562-1570. [PMID: 32945370 PMCID: PMC7447326 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer. However, the function of miR‑28‑5p in breast cancer migration has yet to be determined. In the present study, Human MicroRNA Expression Database (HMED) analysis revealed that the expression level of miR‑28‑5p was significantly lower in breast cancer tissue than in normal breast tissue. Kaplan-‑Meier plotter (KMPLOT) analysis revealed that the low expression level of miR‑28‑5p was associated with a poor survival in breast cancer. In addition, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) revealed that the expression of miR‑28‑5p was significantly lower in breast cancer cell lines compared with that in human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). Moreover, transfection with miR‑28‑5p mimics suppressed the migration of MCF‑7 cells, whereas an miR‑28‑5p inhibitor exerted the opposite effect. Gene chip assay identified 648 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cells overexpressing miR‑28‑5p. The DEGs are enriched in the 'focal adhesion' and 'pathway in cancer' pathways. The expression levels of Ras‑related protein Rap‑1b (RAP1B), WD repeat and SOCS box containing 2 (WSB2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were confirmed by RT‑qPCR. Furthermore, transfection with miR‑28‑5p mimics decreased WSB2 expression, whereas the miR‑28‑5p inhibitor increased the expression of WSB2, at both the transcriptional and translational levels. miR‑28‑5p targets the 3'UTR of WSB2, and the binding site is conserved in multiple species, with a consensus motif of 5'‑AGCUCCUU‑3'. Moreover, WSB2 overexpression promoted the migration of MCF‑7 cells which had been inhibited by miR‑28‑5p. UALCAN analysis revealed that WSB2 was significantly upregulated in primary breast tumor tissue, and a high expression level of WSB2 was associated with a poor survival in breast cancer. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of WSB2 was markedly higher in breast cancer tissue compared with that in adjacent normal breast tissue. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrate that miR‑28‑5p inhibits the migration of breast cancer cells by regulating WSB2 expression, and the miR‑28‑5p/WSB2 axis may be a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Fen Hu
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
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Hu F, Zhang Y, Li M, Bai Y, Zhang X. Expression and role of HEPIS in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6648-6656. [PMID: 31788121 PMCID: PMC6865829 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryo lung cellular protein interacting with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus nonstructural protein-10 (HEPIS) is expressed at varying levels in multiple organs and breast cancer cell lines. However, its expression and function in breast cancer cells has yet to be studied. Therefore, RNA in situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of HEPIS in breast cancer and cancer-adjacent normal breast tissue. HEPIS was expressed at lower levels in breast cancer compared with that in adjacent normal tissue. Subcellular localization of HEPIS was mainly found in the cytoplasm of HeLa cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine cell proliferation assays were used to investigate the role of HEPIS in cancer cell proliferation. Ectopic expression of HEPIS in MCF-7 cells was found to significantly inhibit cell proliferation. In contrast, knockdown of HEPIS by RNA interference exhibited the opposite effect. Furthermore, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed and HEPIS overexpression specifically inhibited the activity of the NF-κB reporter gene. Results of the gene chip assay revealed that 2,231 genes were differentially expressed in HEPIS-overexpressing cells. Results of the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that these genes were enriched in the ‘mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway’, ‘JAK-STAT signaling pathway’ and ‘focal adhesion’. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to confirm the expression levels of the differentially expressed genes interleukin 2 receptor subunit α (IL2RA), interferon α and β receptor subunit 2 (IFNAR2) and IFα8 (IFNA8). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that HEPIS may function as a potential repressor of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Hu
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Mi Li
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Yun Bai
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
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Integration of lncRNA and mRNA Transcriptome Analyses Reveals Genes and Pathways Potentially Involved in Calf Intestinal Growth and Development during the Early Weeks of Life. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9030142. [PMID: 29510583 PMCID: PMC5867863 DOI: 10.3390/genes9030142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the factors that regulate growth and immune response of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of calves will promote informed management practices in calf rearing. This study aimed to explore genomics (messenger RNA (mRNA)) and epigenomics (long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)) mechanisms regulating the development of the rumen and ileum in calves. Thirty-two calves (≈5-days-old) were reared for 96 days following standard procedures. Sixteen calves were humanely euthanized on experiment day 33 (D33) (pre-weaning) and another 16 on D96 (post-weaning) for collection of ileum and rumen tissues. RNA from tissues was subjected to next generation sequencing and 3310 and 4217 mRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between D33 and D96 in ileum and rumen tissues, respectively. Gene ontology and pathways enrichment of DE genes confirmed their roles in developmental processes, immunity and lipid metabolism. A total of 1568 (63 known and 1505 novel) and 4243 (88 known and 4155 novel) lncRNAs were detected in ileum and rumen tissues, respectively. Cis target gene analysis identified BMPR1A, an important gene for a GIT disease (juvenile polyposis syndrome) in humans, as a candidate cis target gene for lncRNAs in both tissues. LncRNA cis target gene enrichment suggested that lncRNAs might regulate growth and development in both tissues as well as posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA or microRNA processing in rumen, or disease resistance mechanisms in ileum. This study provides a catalog of bovine lncRNAs and set a baseline for exploring their functions in calf GIT development.
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Jansen IE, Ye H, Heetveld S, Lechler MC, Michels H, Seinstra RI, Lubbe SJ, Drouet V, Lesage S, Majounie E, Gibbs JR, Nalls MA, Ryten M, Botia JA, Vandrovcova J, Simon-Sanchez J, Castillo-Lizardo M, Rizzu P, Blauwendraat C, Chouhan AK, Li Y, Yogi P, Amin N, van Duijn CM, Morris HR, Brice A, Singleton AB, David DC, Nollen EA, Jain S, Shulman JM, Heutink P. Discovery and functional prioritization of Parkinson's disease candidate genes from large-scale whole exome sequencing. Genome Biol 2017; 18:22. [PMID: 28137300 PMCID: PMC5282828 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has been successful in identifying genes that cause familial Parkinson's disease (PD). However, until now this approach has not been deployed to study large cohorts of unrelated participants. To discover rare PD susceptibility variants, we performed WES in 1148 unrelated cases and 503 control participants. Candidate genes were subsequently validated for functions relevant to PD based on parallel RNA-interference (RNAi) screens in human cell culture and Drosophila and C. elegans models. RESULTS Assuming autosomal recessive inheritance, we identify 27 genes that have homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants in PD cases. Definitive replication and confirmation of these findings were hindered by potential heterogeneity and by the rarity of the implicated alleles. We therefore looked for potential genetic interactions with established PD mechanisms. Following RNAi-mediated knockdown, 15 of the genes modulated mitochondrial dynamics in human neuronal cultures and four candidates enhanced α-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration in Drosophila. Based on complementary analyses in independent human datasets, five functionally validated genes-GPATCH2L, UHRF1BP1L, PTPRH, ARSB, and VPS13C-also showed evidence consistent with genetic replication. CONCLUSIONS By integrating human genetic and functional evidence, we identify several PD susceptibility gene candidates for further investigation. Our approach highlights a powerful experimental strategy with broad applicability for future studies of disorders with complex genetic etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris E. Jansen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081HZ The Netherlands
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Sasja Heetveld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Marie C. Lechler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
- Graduate School of Cellular & Molecular Neuroscience, Tübingen, 72074 Germany
| | - Helen Michels
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, 9700AD The Netherlands
| | - Renée I. Seinstra
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, 9700AD The Netherlands
| | - Steven J. Lubbe
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Valérie Drouet
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Majounie
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - J. Raphael Gibbs
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Mike A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Mina Ryten
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Juan A. Botia
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Javier Simon-Sanchez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melissa Castillo-Lizardo
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Patrizia Rizzu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Amit K. Chouhan
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Yarong Li
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Puja Yogi
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huw R. Morris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Alexis Brice
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, Paris, France
| | | | - Della C. David
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Ellen A. Nollen
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, 9700AD The Netherlands
| | - Shushant Jain
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Joshua M. Shulman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, 1250 Moursund St., N.1150, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Peter Heutink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Str. 23, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081HZ The Netherlands
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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