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Zhang T, Gao X, Wang D, Zhao J, Zhang N, Li Q, Zhu G, Yin J. A Single-Pass Type I Membrane Protein from the Apicomplexan Parasite Cryptosporidium parvum with Nanomolar Binding Affinity to Host Cell Surface. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051015. [PMID: 34066754 PMCID: PMC8151451 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum is a globally recognized zoonotic parasite of medical and veterinary importance. This parasite mainly infects intestinal epithelial cells and causes mild to severe watery diarrhea that could be deadly in patients with weakened or defect immunity. However, its molecular interactions with hosts and pathogenesis, an important part in adaptation of parasitic lifestyle, remain poorly understood. Here we report the identification and characterization of a C. parvum T-cell immunomodulatory protein homolog (CpTIPH). CpTIPH is a 901-aa single-pass type I membrane protein encoded by cgd5_830 gene that also contains a short Vibrio, Colwellia, Bradyrhizobium and Shewanella (VCBS) repeat and relatively long integrin alpha (ITGA) N-terminus domain. Immunofluorescence assay confirmed the location of CpTIPH on the cell surface of C. parvum sporozoites. In congruence with the presence of VCBS repeat and ITGA domain, CpTIPH displayed high, nanomolar binding affinity to host cell surface (i.e., Kd(App) at 16.2 to 44.7 nM on fixed HCT-8 and CHO-K1 cells, respectively). The involvement of CpTIPH in the parasite invasion is partly supported by experiments showing that an anti-CpTIPH antibody could partially block the invasion of C. parvum sporozoites into host cells. These observations provide a strong basis for further investigation of the roles of CpTIPH in parasite-host cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.Z.); (X.G.); (D.W.); (N.Z.); (Q.L.)
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.Z.); (X.G.); (D.W.); (N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Dongqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.Z.); (X.G.); (D.W.); (N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Jixue Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.Z.); (X.G.); (D.W.); (N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qiushi Li
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.Z.); (X.G.); (D.W.); (N.Z.); (Q.L.)
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.Z.); (X.G.); (D.W.); (N.Z.); (Q.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jigang Yin
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.Z.); (X.G.); (D.W.); (N.Z.); (Q.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (J.Y.)
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