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Wasson MCD, Venkatesh J, Cahill HF, McLean ME, Dean CA, Marcato P. LncRNAs exhibit subtype-specific expression, survival associations, and cancer-promoting effects in breast cancer. Gene 2024; 901:148165. [PMID: 38219875 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer progression, influencing processes such as invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Their reported cell type-dependent expression patterns suggest the potential for specialized functions in specific contexts. In breast cancer, lncRNA expression has been associated with different subtypes, highlighting their relevance in disease heterogeneity. However, our understanding of lncRNA function within breast cancer subtypes remains limited, warranting further investigation. We conducted a comprehensive analysis using the TANRIC dataset derived from the TCGA-BRCA cohort, profiling the expression, patient survival associations and immune cell type correlations of 12,727 lncRNAs across subtypes. Our findings revealed subtype-specific associations of lncRNAs with patient survival, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and other immune cells. Targeting of lncRNAs exhibiting subtype-specific survival associations and expression in a panel of breast cancer cells demonstrated a selective reduction in cell proliferation within their associated subtype, supporting subtype-specific functions of certain lncRNAs. Characterization of HER2 + -specific lncRNA LINC01269 and TNBC-specific lncRNA AL078604.2 showed nuclear localization and altered expression of hundreds of genes enriched in cancer-promoting processes, including apoptosis, cell proliferation and immune cell regulation. This work emphasizes the importance of considering the heterogeneity of breast cancer subtypes and the need for subtype-specific analyses to fully uncover the relevance and potential impact of lncRNAs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the contribution of lncRNAs to the distinct molecular, prognostic, and cellular composition of breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah F Cahill
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
| | - Meghan E McLean
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
| | - Cheryl A Dean
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
| | - Paola Marcato
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada; Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS B3H1V8, Canada.
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Choi SC, Park YP, Roach T, Jimenez D, Fisher A, Zadeh M, Ma L, Sobel ES, Ge Y, Mohamadzadeh M, Morel L. Lupus susceptibility gene Pbx1 controls the development, stability, and function of regulatory T cells via Rtkn2 expression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi4310. [PMID: 38536923 PMCID: PMC10971436 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The maintenance of regulatory T (Treg) cells critically prevents autoimmunity. Pre-B cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (Pbx1) variants are associated with lupus susceptibility, particularly through the expression of a dominant negative isoform Pbx1-d in CD4+ T cells. Pbx1-d overexpression impaired Treg cell homeostasis and promoted inflammatory CD4+ T cells. Here, we showed a high expression of Pbx1 in human and murine Treg cells, which is decreased in lupus patients and mice. Pbx1 deficiency or Pbx1-d overexpression reduced the number, stability, and suppressive activity of Treg cells, which increased murine responses to immunization and autoimmune induction. Mechanistically, Pbx1 deficiency altered the expression of genes implicated in cell cycle and apoptosis in Treg cells. Intriguingly, Rtkn2, a Rho-GTPase previously associated with Treg homeostasis, was directly transactivated by Pbx1. Our results suggest that the maintenance of Treg cell homeostasis and stability by Pbx1 through cell cycle progression prevent the expansion of inflammatory T cells that otherwise exacerbates lupus progression in the hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Chul Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Yuk Pheel Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Tracoyia Roach
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Damian Jimenez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Amanda Fisher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Mojgan Zadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Longhuan Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Eric S. Sobel
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yong Ge
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
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Zhang L, He S, Guan H, Zhao Y, Zhang D. Depletion of circ_0088046 suppressed cell growth and motility of hepatocellular carcinoma via circ_0088046-miR-1299-RTKN2 ceRNA pathway. J Viral Hepat 2023; 30:819-829. [PMID: 37421213 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been verified to be important modulators and therapeutic targets of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of circ_0088046 in HCC progression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry assays were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of circ_0088046, miR-1299, Rhotekin 2 (RTKN2), Bax, Bcl-2, E-cadherin and Ki-67. Cell proliferation was investigated by 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and cell colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. Transwell migration and invasion assays were adopted to assess cell migration and invasion. The molecular target relationship between miR-1299 and circ_0088046 or RTKN2 were analysed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. An animal experiment was conducted to demonstrate the effect of circ_0088046 on tumour formation in vivo. High levels of circ_0088046 and RTKN2, and low levels of miR-1299 were displayed in HCC tissues and cells. Circ_0088046 absence repressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but boosted apoptosis of HCC cells. MiR-1299 was a target of circ_0088046 and miR-1299 inhibitor restored circ_0088046 silencing-mediated inhibitory impacts on HCC cell malignancy. MiR-1299 could directly target RTKN2, and overexpressed RTKN2 rescued the suppressive effects caused by miR-1299 mimic. In addition, circ_0088046 silencing constrained tumour formation in vivo. Circ_0088046 contributed to HCC cell malignancy via modulating the miR-1299/RTKN2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai He
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Guan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Mafi A, Rismanchi H, Malek Mohammadi M, Hedayati N, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Hosseini SA, Gholinezhad Y, Mousavi Dehmordi R, Ghezelbash B, Zarepour F, Taghavi SP, Asemi Z, Alimohammadi M, Mirzaei H. A spotlight on the interplay between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and circular RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1224138. [PMID: 37546393 PMCID: PMC10403753 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1224138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers due to multifocal development and distant metastasis resulting from late diagnosis. Consequently, new approaches to HCC diagnosis and treatment are required to reduce mortality rates. A large body of evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important in cancer initiation and progression. Cancer cells release many of these ncRNAs into the blood or urine, enabling their use as a diagnostic tool. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are as a members of the ncRNAs that regulate cancer cell expansion, migration, metastasis, and chemoresistance through different mechanisms such as the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling pathway. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays prominent roles in several biological processes including organogenesis, stem cell regeneration, and cell survival. Aberrant signaling of both pathways mentioned above could affect the progression and metastasis of many cancers, including HCC. Based on several studies investigated in the current review, circRNAs have an effect on HCC formation and progression by sponging miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, circRNAs/miRNAs or RBPs/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway could be considered promising prognostic and therapeutic targets in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Rismanchi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Ghorbanhosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Gholinezhad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Chen K, Ye C, Gao Z, Hu J, Chen C, Xiao R, Lu F, Wei K. Immune infiltration patterns and identification of new diagnostic biomarkers GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2 in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Oncol 2023; 29:101618. [PMID: 36628881 PMCID: PMC9843486 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and analyze the role of immune cell infiltration in NSCLC. R software was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from NSCLC datasets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and functional correlation analysis was performed. The machine learning algorithms were used to screen the potential biomarkers of NSCLC. The diagnostic values were assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The protein and mRNA expression levels of potential biomarkers were verified based on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database and qRT-PCR. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in NSCLC tissues, and the correlation between potential biomarkers and infiltrated immune cell was analyzed. Finally, specific siRNAs were utilized to reduce the GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2 expression in A549 and H1975 cells. The proliferation ability of A549 and H1975 cells was detected by MTT assay. A total of 848 upregulated DEGs and 1308 downregulated DEGs were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that the DEGs were mainly related to cell division. Disease ontology (DO) enrichment analysis showed that the diseases with these DEGs were mainly lung diseases, including NSCLC. In addition,three potential biomarkers were identified: GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that resting NK cells, activated dendritic cells, and Tregs may be involved in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. Meanwhile, GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2 were negatively correlated with Tregs and naïve B cells but were positively correlated with activated dendritic cells and resting NK cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2 in the lung tissue of patients with NSCLC was lower than that of normal lung tissue. qRT-PCR also confirmed that the mRNA expression of three biomarkers in NSCLC cell lines A549 and H1975 were significantly lower than those in human normal lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B. An MTT assay showed that GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2 knockdown significantly promoted the proliferation of A549 and H1975 cells. The in vitro experiments showed that GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2 played the inhibitory effects on NSCLC cell lines proliferation. Hence, GDF10, NCKAP5, and RTKN2 can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC.
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Huang G, Liang M, Liu H, Huang J, Li P, Wang C, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Jiang X. CircRNA hsa_circRNA_104348 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through modulating miR-187-3p/RTKN2 axis and activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1065. [PMID: 33311442 PMCID: PMC7734058 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have confirmed to participate in diverse biological functions in cancer. However, the expression patterns of circRNAs on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In the present study, we clarified that hsa_circRNA_104348 was dramatically upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Patients with HCC displaying high hsa_circRNA_104348 level possessed poor prognosis. Has_circ_104348 facilitated proliferation, migration, and invasion, meanwhile suppressed apoptosis of HCC cell. Furthermore, hsa_circRNA_104348 directly targeted miR-187-3p, could regulate miR-187-3p to affect proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of HCC cells, and may have effect on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, RTKN2 could be a direct target of miR-187-3p. In addition, knockdown of hsa_circRNA_104348 attenuated HCC tumorigenesis and lung metastasis in vivo. Taken together, these findings indicated that circular RNA hsa_circRNA_104348 might function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to promotes HCC progression by targeting miR-187-3p/RTKN2 axis and activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Min Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peiqing Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xianhan Jiang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510700, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
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7
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Ji L, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Peng A, Qin J, Lu S, Huang Y. RTKN2 is Associated with Unfavorable Prognosis and Promotes Progression in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10729-10738. [PMID: 33122912 PMCID: PMC7591235 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s260436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, the molecular mechanism of NSCLC remains unknown. Accumulating data show that Rhotekin 2 (RTKN2) functions as a novel crucial regulator of diverse biological processes; however, its pathological role in NSCLC remains unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated the function of RTKN2 in NSCLC. The expression of RTKN2 mRNA was analyzed in tumor tissues and paired adjacent tissues from patients by qRT-PCR. The role of RTKN2 in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion was investigated. The potential mechanisms were explored. Results We found that the level of RTKN2 mRNA was up-regulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. RTKN2 knockout inhibited the proliferation of human NSCLC cell lines A549 via inducing apoptosis by increasing the level of Bax and decreasing the level of Bcl-2. Furthermore, silencing of RTKN2 reduced the migration and invasion of A549 cells through up-regulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and MMP2 expression. Conclusion These data suggest that RTKN2 may not only be a prognostic biomarker candidate but also provide a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lupeng Ji
- Department of Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucun Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Anping Peng
- South Campus Clinic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilong Qin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofan Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Division 6 of East Ward (Respiratory), Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
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Hu F, Zhou Y, Wang Q, Yang Z, Shi Y, Chi Q. Gene Expression Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma into Molecular Subtypes. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2020; 17:1187-1197. [PMID: 30892233 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2019.2905553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common malignancies in the world, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is currently difficult to cure. However, the advent of precision medicine provides an opportunity to improve the treatment of lung cancer. Subtyping lung cancer plays an important role in performing a specific treatment. Here, we developed a framework that combines k-means clustering, t-test, sensitivity analysis, self-organizing map (SOM) neural network, and hierarchical clustering methods to classify LUAD into four subtypes. We determined that 24 differentially expressed genes could be used as therapeutic targets, and five genes (i.e., RTKN2, ADAM6, SPINK1, COL3A1, and COL1A2) could be potential novel markers for LUAD. Multivariate analysis showed that the four subtypes could serve as prognostic subtypes. Representative genes of each subtype were also identified, which could be potentially targetable markers for the different subtypes. The function and pathway enrichment analyses of these representative genes showed that the four subtypes have different pathological mechanisms. Mutations associated with the subtypes, e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in subtype 4 and tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutations in subtypes 1 and 2, could serve as potential markers for drug development. The four subtypes provide a foundation for subtype-specific therapy of LUAD.
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Yang Y, Cao Y, Qin G, Wang L, Li Q, Dai S, Guo L, Guo Q, Peng YG, Duan B, Wang E. Long non‐coding RNA expression profiling in the lungs of pulmonary arterial hypertension rats with acute inflammation. Pulm Circ 2019; 9:2045894019879393. [PMID: 35154666 PMCID: PMC8826282 DOI: 10.1177/2045894019879393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We performed RNA-sequencing to investigate the changes and expression profiles in long
non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their potential functional roles in the lungs of pulmonary
arterial hypertension rats responding to acute inflammation. Methods To establish a pulmonary arterial hypertension rat model, monocrotaline was injected
intraperitoneally and lipopolysaccharide was given to induce acute inflammation.
Selected lncRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
(qRT-PCR). Bioinformatics analyses were carried out to predict the potential biological
roles of key lncRNAs. Results Twenty-eight lncRNAs and seven mRNAs with elevated expression and 202 lncRNAs and 36
mRNAs with decreased expression were found in the lung tissues of
lipopolysaccharide-treated pulmonary arterial hypertension rats compared with control
group. The qRT-PCR validation results were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis.
Gene ontology analyses showed that the mRNAs and lncRNAs were differentially expressed
in different pathways regarding biological process, cellular components, and molecular
function. The functions of differentially expressed messenger RNAs (DEmRNAs) and
DElncRNAs were indicated by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment. Conclusion The DEmRNAs co-expressed with DElncRNAs were obviously enriched in inflammation.
DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs in the lungs of pulmonary arterial hypertension rats changed with
acute inflammation may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial
hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Gang Qin
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Sisi Dai
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lizhe Guo
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yong Gang Peng
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Bin Duan
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - E. Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
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Rhotekin 2 silencing inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181384. [PMID: 30389712 PMCID: PMC6246767 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary malignant of bone, and often occurs in adolescents. However, molecular mechanism of this disease remains unclear. In the present study, we found that the level of Rhotekin 2 (RTKN2) was up-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. In addition, silencing of RTKN2 of human osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS, inhibited proliferation, and induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest via reducing the level of the cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Furthermore, RTKN2 knockdown in the U2OS cells induced apoptosis by increasing the level of Bax and decreasing the level of Bcl2. These results suggested that RTKN2 is involved in the progression of human osteosarcoma, and may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Lin Z, Li D, Cheng W, Wu J, Wang K, Hu Y. MicroRNA-181 Functions as an Antioncogene and Mediates NF-κB Pathway by Targeting RTKN2 in Ovarian Cancers. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:1071-1081. [PMID: 30309296 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118805865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-181 has been reported to participate in carcinogenesis and tumor progression in several malignant cancers, but its expression and biological functions in ovarian cancer have remained largely unclarified. Here, we first measured miR-181 expression in clinical ovarian cancers and found the expression levels of miR-181 were significantly lower in ovarian cancer tissues than that in adjacent tissues. Next, we screened and identified a direct miR-181 target, Rhotekin2 (RTKN2). A correlation between miR-181 and RTKN2 expression was also confirmed in clinical samples of ovarian cancers. Upregulation of miR-181 would specifically and markedly suppress RTKN2 expression. The miR-181-overexpressing subclones showed significant cell growth inhibition by cell apoptosis induction and significant impairment of cell invasiveness in SKOV3 and HO8910 ovarian cancer cells. To identify the mechanisms, we investigated the NF-κB pathway and found that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were suppressed, whereas IκBα was promoted in miR-181-overexpressing cells. These findings indicate that miR-181 functions as a tumor suppressor and plays a substantial role in inhibiting the tumorigenesis and reversing the metastasis of ovarian cancer through RTKN2-NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro. Taken together, we believe that miR-181 may be a promising therapeutic target for treating malignant ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Lin
- 1 Medical Department, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Dehao Li
- 1 Medical Department, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjia Cheng
- 2 Surgery of Nanlou Department, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- 1 Medical Department, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- 1 Medical Department, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Hu
- 3 Department of Oncology, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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Li L, Yue GGL, Lee JKM, Wong ECW, Fung KP, Yu J, Lau CBS, Chiu PWY. Gene expression profiling reveals the plausible mechanisms underlying the antitumor and antimetastasis effects of Andrographis paniculata in esophageal cancer. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1388-1396. [PMID: 29577460 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a seriously invasive malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis. Metastasis of EC is the major cause of mortality. Our studies previously demonstrated that a herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (AP) significantly suppressed EC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects have not yet been systematically elucidated. In this context, gene expression profiling of AP-treated squamous EC cells (EC-109) was performed to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of AP in antitumor and antimetastasis signaling pathways using gene expression microarray analysis. Differentially expressed genes were identified by Affymetrix Gene Chip, followed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction validation. The results showed that the canonical pathways were significantly regulated by AP treatment, including multiple genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, intercellular adhesion, metastatic processes, and drug resistance, such as WNT, TGF-β, MAPK and ErbB signaling pathways, and ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily members. This genomic study emerges candidate molecular targets and pathways to reveal the mechanisms involved in AP's effects, which provides scientific evidence to support the clinical application of AP in EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Julia Kin-Ming Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Chun-Wai Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Philip Wai-Yan Chiu
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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13
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Pang X, Li R, Shi D, Pan X, Ma C, Zhang G, Mu C, Chen W. Knockdown of Rhotekin 2 expression suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:8028-8034. [PMID: 29250187 PMCID: PMC5727621 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the human body, ranking second as a gastrointestinal tumor. It has a high incidence in Europe, America and China and more than 1 million new cases of colon cancer are reported worldwide each year. The incidence of colon cancer in China has increased from 12/0.1 million in the early 1970s to 56/0.1 million at present with an annual growth rate of 4.2%, which far exceeds the international level (2%). Rhotekin (RTKN) 2, a Rho-guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) effector, has been reported to be anti-apoptotic. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the biological function of RTKN2 in colon cancer remains unknown. The present study investigated whether the mRNA expression level of RTKN2 was markedly higher in 30 human colon cancer specimens compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues. The results showed that the protein expression level of RTKN2 was significantly higher in SW480 and HCT116 cells, compared with HIEC cells. Knockdown of RTKN2 in the SW480 and HCT116 colon cancer cells, by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference led to the notable inhibition of cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, by reducing the expression levels of the PCDA, Cyclin D1 and c-myc cell cycle-associated proteins. The inhibitory effect of RTKN2 silencing on the proliferation of colon cancer cells may be partially realized by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, the silencing of RTKN2 in the cells induced apoptosis by reducing the expression level of Bax and increasing the expression level of Bcl2. These results show that RTKN2 is involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of human colon cancer, indicating that RTKN2 may be a molecular target in colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Dongtao Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Pan
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Chuanyong Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Weichang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Mcm10: A Dynamic Scaffold at Eukaryotic Replication Forks. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8020073. [PMID: 28218679 PMCID: PMC5333062 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To complete the duplication of large genomes efficiently, mechanisms have evolved that coordinate DNA unwinding with DNA synthesis and provide quality control measures prior to cell division. Minichromosome maintenance protein 10 (Mcm10) is a conserved component of the eukaryotic replisome that contributes to this process in multiple ways. Mcm10 promotes the initiation of DNA replication through direct interactions with the cell division cycle 45 (Cdc45)-minichromosome maintenance complex proteins 2-7 (Mcm2-7)-go-ichi-ni-san GINS complex proteins, as well as single- and double-stranded DNA. After origin firing, Mcm10 controls replication fork stability to support elongation, primarily facilitating Okazaki fragment synthesis through recruitment of DNA polymerase-α and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Based on its multivalent properties, Mcm10 serves as an essential scaffold to promote DNA replication and guard against replication stress. Under pathological conditions, Mcm10 is often dysregulated. Genetic amplification and/or overexpression of MCM10 are common in cancer, and can serve as a strong prognostic marker of poor survival. These findings are compatible with a heightened requirement for Mcm10 in transformed cells to overcome limitations for DNA replication dictated by altered cell cycle control. In this review, we highlight advances in our understanding of when, where and how Mcm10 functions within the replisome to protect against barriers that cause incomplete replication.
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Coccia A, Mosca L, Puca R, Mangino G, Rossi A, Lendaro E. Extra-virgin olive oil phenols block cell cycle progression and modulate chemotherapeutic toxicity in bladder cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3095-3104. [PMID: 27748855 PMCID: PMC5112608 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data indicate that the daily consumption of extra‑virgin olive oil (EVOO), a common dietary habit of the Mediterranean area, lowers the incidence of certain types of cancer, in particular bladder neoplasm. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of polyphenols extracted from EVOO on bladder cancer (BCa), and to clarify the biological mechanisms that trigger cell death. Furthermore, we also evaluated the ability of low doses of extra‑virgin olive oil extract (EVOOE) to modulate the in vitro activity of paclitaxel or mitomycin, two antineoplastic drugs used in the management of different types of cancer. Our results showed that EVOOE significantly inhibited the proliferation and clonogenic ability of T24 and 5637 BCa cells in a dose‑dependent manner. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis after EVOOE treatment showed a marked growth arrest prior to mitosis in the G2/M phase for both cell lines, with the subsequent induction of apoptosis only in the T24 cells. Notably, simultaneous treatment of mitomycin C and EVOOE reduced the drug cytotoxicity due to inhibition of ROS production. Conversely, the co‑treatment of T24 cells with paclitaxel and the polyphenol extract strongly increased the apoptotic cell death at each tested concentration compared to paclitaxel alone. Our results support the epidemiological evidence indicating that olive oil consumption exerts health benefits and may represent a starting point for the development of new anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Coccia
- Department of Medical‑Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Puca
- Department of Medical‑Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medical‑Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- L.I.L.T. Italian League for The Fight Against Cancer ‑ Latina Section, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Eugenio Lendaro
- Department of Medical‑Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
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