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Luo J, Huang Y, Chen Y, Yuan Y, Li G, Cai S, Jian J, Yang S. Heme Oxygenase-1 Is Involved in the Repair of Oxidative Damage Induced by Oxidized Fish Oil in Litopenaeus vannamei by Sulforaphane. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:548. [PMID: 37888483 PMCID: PMC10607972 DOI: 10.3390/md21100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which could be highly induced under the stimulation of oxidative stress, functions in reducing the damage caused by oxidative stress, and sulforaphane (SFN) is an antioxidant. This study aims to investigate whether HO-1 is involved in the repair of oxidative damage induced by oxidized fish oil (OFO) in Litopenaeus vannamei by sulforaphane (SFN). The oxidative stress model of L. vannamei was established by feeding OFO feed (OFO accounts for 6%), and they were divided into the following four groups: control group (injected with dsRNA-EGFP and fed with common feed), dsRNA-HO-1 group (dsRNA-HO-1, common feed), dsRNA-HO-1 + SFN group (dsRNA-HO-1, supplement 50 mg kg-1 SFN feed), and SFN group (dsRNA-EGFP, supplement 50 mg kg-1 SFN feed). The results showed that the expression level of HO-1 in the dsRNA-HO-1 + SFN group was significantly increased compared with the dsRNA-HO-1 group (p < 0.05). The activities of SOD in muscle and GPX in hepatopancreas and serum of the dsRNA-HO-1 group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and MDA content in the dsRNA-HO-1 group was the highest among the four groups. However, SFN treatment increased the activities of GPX and SOD in hepatopancreas, muscle, and serum and significantly reduced the content of MDA (p < 0.05). SFN activated HO-1, upregulated the expression of antioxidant-related genes (CAT, SOD, GST, GPX, Trx, HIF-1α, Nrf2, prx 2, Hsp 70), and autophagy genes (ATG 3, ATG 5), and stabilized the expression of apoptosis genes (caspase 2, caspase 3) in the hepatopancreas (p < 0.05). In addition, knocking down HO-1 aggravated the vacuolation of hepatopancreas and increased the apoptosis of hepatopancreas, while the supplement of SFN could repair the vacuolation of hepatopancreas and reduce the apoptosis signal. In summary, HO-1 is involved in the repair of the oxidative damage induced by OFO in L. vannamei by SFN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shiping Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (S.C.); (J.J.)
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Kim S, Yang M, Ku B, Cha E, Seo W, Son I, Kang H, Kim D, Song B, Yang CS, Kim S. Efficacy of mecasin for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A phase IIa multicenter randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116670. [PMID: 37257710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive paralysis of voluntary muscles. Mecasin, the extract of modified jakyakgamchobuja-tang-a herbal preparation comprising of Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Radix Polygalae, Curcuma Root, Fructus Chaenomelis, and Rhizoma Atractylodis Japonicae-shows neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects and alleviates the symptoms in patients with ALS. AIM OF THE STUDY This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mecasin in these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients were randomized to receive mecasin 1.6 g daily, mecasin 2.4 g daily, or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the Korean version of ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (K-ALSFRS-R) score. The secondary endpoints were muscular atrophy measurements, pulmonary function test results, creatine kinase levels, body weight, safety, and scores of the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale for muscle strength; Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS pain); Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; and Fatigue Severity Scale. RESULTS Among the 30 patients randomized, 24 completed the follow-up. Significant between-group differences were detected in the primary endpoint using the omnibus F-test. The changes in the K-ALSFRS-R score between 12 weeks and baseline were -0·25, -1·32, and -2·78 in the mecasin 1.6 g, mecasin 2.4 g, and placebo groups, respectively. The difference in the K-ALSFRS-R score between the mecasin 1.6 g and placebo groups was 2·53 points (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0·61-4·45), and that between the 2.4 g and placebo groups was 1·46 points (95% CI: 0·48-3·40). However, no significant differences were detected in the secondary endpoints (MRC: dyspnea, p = 0·139; VAS pain, p = 0·916; forced vital capacity, p = 0·373). The incidence of adverse events was similar and low in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Mecasin may retard symptomatic progression without major adverse effects. A phase IIb study to evaluate its long-term effects in ALS is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungha Kim
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhack Yang
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Boncho Ku
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Cha
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookcheol Seo
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilhong Son
- Department of Neurology, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwon Kang
- Department of Korean Neuropsychiatry Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoung Kim
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongkeun Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, Gwangju, 61729, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Sop Yang
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Kim
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Li P, Bing D, Wang X, Chen J, Du Z, Sun Y, Qi F, Chu H. New Target of Oxidative Stress Regulation in Cochleae: Alternative Splicing of the p62/Sqstm1 Gene. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:830-840. [PMID: 35048235 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated oxidative stress and antioxidant response in the p62/Sqstm1-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in C57BL/6 mice cochleae during age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), and the function of full-length and variant p62 in the regulation of Nrf2 activation. Groups of young (2 months), old (13-14 months), control, and acoustic trauma (AT) mice were examined cochlear damage and oxidative stress as follows: auditory brainstem response and hair cell counts; malondialdehyde (MDA) levels measured by assay kit and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) detected by immunohistochemistry. Full-length and variant p62 were examined for expression in cochleae, hippocampus (HIP), and auditory cortex (AC) using immunoblotting. Keap1-Nrf2 pathway activation was based on immunoblotting of nuclear Nrf2 and quantitative real-time PCR of Nrf2 target genes HO-1/NQO-1. The oxidative function of full-length and variant p62 was examined in HEI-OC-1 cells by flow cytometry. The results showed hearing loss, and cochlear hair cell loss was associated with MDA accumulation and 8-oxoG expression during ARHL and NIHL. Nrf2 showed no obvious changes in nuclear protein. Expression levels mRNA for HO-1 and NQO1 were lower in old mice and mildly greater in AT Mice. The expression of p62 splicing variant lacking the Keap1-interacting region was greater than full-length p62 in cochleae. However, the expression of p62 splicing variant was lesser than full-length p62 in HIP and AC. For HEI-OC-1 cells, overexpression of full-length p62 decreased ROS levels induced by H2O2. Oxidative stress is closely related to ARHL and NIHL. Changing the ratio of full-length to variant p62 protein expression may be a new target to reduce the level of oxidative stress in cochleae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjun Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Bing
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Du
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbo Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqi Chu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Wang T, Ko W, Shin JY, Choi D, Lee DS, Kim S. Comparison of anti-inflammatory effects of Mecasin and its constituents on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:591. [PMID: 33884029 PMCID: PMC8056109 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mecasin, a traditional medicine, contains nine herbal constituents: Curcuma longa, Salvia miltio rhiza, Gastrodia elata, Chaenomeles sinensis, Polygala tenuifolia, Paeonia japonica, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Atractylodes japonica and processed Aconitum carmichaeli. Several biological effects of mecasin have been described both in vivo and in vitro. Previous studies have demonstrated that mecasin has anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of the present study was to determine anti-inflammatory effects of mecasin and its natural product constituents on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 cells by measuring nitrite and nitric oxide contents. Nitrite production levels in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells incubated with mecasin and each individual constituent of mecasin were measured. The results suggested that C. longa, P. tenuifolia and P. japonica inhibited nitrite production in a pattern similar to that of mecasin. The effect of mecasin was likely a result of synergistic effects of its natural herb constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- ALS/MND Center of Wonkwang University Gwangju Korean Medicine Hospital, Gwangju 61729, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonmin Ko
- Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yeong Shin
- Professional Graduate School, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- Professional Graduate School, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Kim
- ALS/MND Center of Wonkwang University Gwangju Korean Medicine Hospital, Gwangju 61729, Republic of Korea
- Professional Graduate School, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
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Wang M, Li Q, Zhang Y, Liu H. Total Glucosides of Peony Protect Cardiomyocytes against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Reversing Mitochondrial Dynamics and Bioenergetics. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6632413. [PMID: 33354278 PMCID: PMC7735829 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6632413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Total glucosides of peony (TGP) are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. We explored the protective effects of TGP on cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and inflammation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide by focusing on mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics. Our study demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide significantly repressed cardiomyocyte viability and promoted cell apoptosis through induction of the mitochondrial death pathway. TGP treatment sustained cardiomyocyte viability, reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and decreased inflammation and oxidative stress. Molecular investigation indicated that hydrogen peroxide caused mitochondrial dynamics disruption and bioenergetics reduction in cardiomyocytes, but this alteration could be normalized by TGP. We found that disruption of mitochondrial dynamics abolished the regulatory effects of TGP on mitochondrial bioenergetics; TGP modulated mitochondrial dynamics through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway; and inhibition of AMPK alleviated the protective effects of TGP on mitochondria. Our results showed that TGP treatment reduces cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and inflammation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide by correcting mitochondrial dynamics and enhancing mitochondrial bioenergetics. Additionally, the regulatory effects of TGP on mitochondrial function seem to be mediated through the AMPK pathway. These findings are promising for myocardial injury in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Tianjin First Central hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Tavakkoli A, Iranshahi M, Hasheminezhad SH, Hayes AW, Karimi G. The neuroprotective activities of natural products through the Nrf2 upregulation. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2256-2273. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tavakkoli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - S. Hossein Hasheminezhad
- Student Research Committee, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - A. Wallace Hayes
- Institute for Integrative ToxicologyUniversity of South Florida Tampa Florida
- Institute for Integrative ToxicologyMichigan State University East Lansing Michigan
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School PharmacyMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Analytical Method Validation of Gamijakyakgamchobuja-Tang (KCHO-1, Mecasin) Preparation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7824146. [PMID: 31239865 PMCID: PMC6556306 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7824146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that KCHO-1 (Mecasin) was developed to alleviate the symptoms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). And its toxicity test has also been carried out. The aim of this study is confirming the validation and stability of concentration analysis method of the Mecasin preparations using HPLC. As a conclusion, we found that the preparations at the concentrations of 50mg/ml and 200mg/ml in sterilized distilled water were homogeneous and it was stable for 4 hours at room temperature and 7 days refrigerated condition (2~8°C). And this method for analyzing the concentration of the Mecasin preparations has been found to be suitable. This study is helpful to promote development of reliable manufacturing medicine and good researches through definitive quality control of Mecasin as complex herbal medicine, aiming to provide help for the treatment of ALS.
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Wang T, Cheng J, Wang S, Wang X, Jiang H, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhang C, Liang W, Feng H. α-Lipoic acid attenuates oxidative stress and neurotoxicity via the ERK/Akt-dependent pathway in the mutant hSOD1 related Drosophila model and the NSC34 cell line of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:299-310. [PMID: 29842900 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative disease with a progressive loss of motor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). However, there are unsolved problems with the therapies for this disease. α-Lipoic acid (LA) is a natural, universal antioxidant capable of scavenging hydroxyl radicals as well as regenerating a series of antioxidant enzymes that has been widely used in clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of LA in ALS cell and Drosophila models with mutant G85R and G93A hSOD1 genes. The biological effects of LA and the protein levels of several antioxidant factors were examined, as were those of phospho-Akt and phospho-ERK. Furthermore, specific inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways were used to analyze their effects on LA-induced antioxidant expression in vivo and in vitro. Evidences showed that the mutant hSOD1 resulted in the increased oxidative stress, abnormal antioxidant signaling and pathological behaviors in motor performance and survival compared with non-mutant hSOD1 models, treatment with LA improved motor activity and survival in transgenic flies, prevented NSC34 cells from mutant hSOD1 or H2O2 induced decreased antioxidant enzymes as well as increased ROS levels. In addition, LA regulated the expression levels of antioxidant proteins in a dose- and periodical time-dependent manner, which might be mediated by ERK/Akt pathway activation and independent from the mutant hSOD1 gene. Our observations suggest that LA exerts strong and positive antioxidant and neuroprotective effects through the activation of the ERK-Akt pathway in hSOD1 ALS models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhang Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Jiling Cheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shuyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Hongquan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yueqing Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chunting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Weiwei Liang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Honglin Feng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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Liang J, Wu S, Xie W, He H. Ketamine ameliorates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in experimental traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2 pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:845-853. [PMID: 29713142 PMCID: PMC5907785 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s160046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Ketamine can act as a multifunctional neuroprotective agent by inhibiting oxidative stress, cellular dysfunction, and apoptosis. Although it has been proven to be effective in various neurologic disorders, the mechanism of the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective function of ketamine in models of TBI and the potential role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in this putative protective effect. Materials and methods Wild-type male mice were randomly assigned to five groups: Sham group, Sham + ketamine group, TBI group, TBI + vehicle group, and TBI + ketamine group. Marmarou’s weight drop model in mice was used to induce TBI, after which either ketamine or vehicle was administered via intraperitoneal injection. After 24 h, the brain samples were collected for analysis. Results Ketamine significantly ameliorated secondary brain injury induced by TBI, including neurological deficits, brain water content, and neuronal apoptosis. In addition, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were restored by the ketamine treatment. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed that ketamine significantly increased the level of Nrf2. Furthermore, administration of ketamine also induced the expression of Nrf2 pathway-related downstream factors, including hemeoxygenase-1 and quinine oxidoreductase-1, at the pre- and post-transcriptional levels. Conclusion Ketamine exhibits neuroprotective effects by attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis after TBI. Therefore, ketamine could be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxi Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hefan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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Kim S, Kim JK, Son MJ, Kim D, Song B, Son I, Kang HW, Lee J, Kim S. Mecasin treatment in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2018; 19:225. [PMID: 29653550 PMCID: PMC5899359 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes paralysis of limb, swallowing, and breathing muscles. Riluzole, the Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for ALS, provides minimal benefit, prolonging patient life by only 2–3 months. Previous studies have found a neuro-protective and anti-neuroinflammatory effect of Mecasin, with retrospective studies providing suggestive evidence for a beneficial effect of Mecasin. The aim of this study was to develop a protocol to determine the proper dosage of Mecasin. Methods This is a phase II-A, multi-center, randomized study with three arms. Thirty-six patients with ALS will be randomly assigned to one of three groups, each receiving the standard treatment with 100 mg of riluzole in addition to one of 1.6 g of Mecasin, 2.4 g of Mecasin, or a placebo. The Primary outcome is the Korean version of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised result after 12 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcomes include results of the Short Form Health Survey-8, Medical Research Council Scale, Visual Analogue Scale for Pain, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Fatigue Severity Scale, Patient Global Impression of Change, pulmonary function test, forced expiratory volume in 1 s and its ratio to forced vital capacity, creatine kinase, and body weight. The frequencies of total adverse events and serious adverse events will be described and documented. The trial protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Wonkwang University Gwangju and Sanbon Hospital (2016–5-4 and 2016–34-01, respectively). An Investigational New Drug status (30731) was granted by the Korea Food and Drug Administration. Discussion This trial will aim to identify the optimal dosage of Mecasin. Additionally, it will test the efficacy and safety of Mecasin in conjunction with standard treatment, riluzole, for alleviating the functional decline in patients with ALS. Trial registration Korean National Clinical Trial Registry CRIS; KCT0001984. Registered on 28 July 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2557-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungha Kim
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyoun Kim
- Department of Global Public Health and Korean Medicine Management, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ju Son
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoung Kim
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, 1140-23 Hyjae-ro, Nam-gu, Gwangju, 61729, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongkeun Song
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, 1140-23 Hyjae-ro, Nam-gu, Gwangju, 61729, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilhong Son
- Department of Neurology, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, 327 Sanbon-ro, Gunpo-si, Gyunggi-do, 15865, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Kang
- Department of Korean Neuropsychiatry Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, 327 Sanbon-ro, Gunpo-si, Gyunggi-do, 15865, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongdeok Lee
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, 1140-23 Hyjae-ro, Nam-gu, Gwangju, 61729, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Kim
- Center of ALS/MND, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Hospital, 1140-23 Hyjae-ro, Nam-gu, Gwangju, 61729, Republic of Korea.
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Kook MG, Choi SW, Seo Y, Kim DW, Song BK, Son I, Kim S, Kang KS. KCHO-1, a novel herbal anti-inflammatory compound, attenuates oxidative stress in an animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Vet Sci 2017; 18:487-497. [PMID: 28385005 PMCID: PMC5746442 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.4.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective death of motor neurons in the central nervous system. The main cause of the disease remains elusive, but several mutations have been associated with the disease process. In particular, mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) protein causes oxidative stress by activating glia cells and contributes to motor neuron degeneration. KCHO-1, a novel herbal combination compound, contains 30% ethanol and the extracts of nine herbs that have been commonly used in traditional medicine to prevent fatigue or inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether KCHO-1 administration could reduce oxidative stress in an ALS model. KCHO-1 administered to ALS model mice improved motor function and delayed disease onset. Furthermore, KCHO-1 administration reduced oxidative stress through gp91phox and the MAPK pathway in both classically activated microglia and the spinal cord of hSOD1G93A transgenic mice. The results suggest that KCHO-1 can function as an effective therapeutic agent for ALS by reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Geun Kook
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Soon Won Choi
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yoojin Seo
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dong Woung Kim
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Gwangju Hospital, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Center, Gwangju 61729, Korea
| | - Bong Keun Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Ilhong Son
- Department of Neurology, Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Wonkwang Univ. Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo 15865, Korea
| | - Sungchul Kim
- ALS/MND Center of Wonkwang University Korean Medical Hospital, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Center, Gwangju 61729, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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