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Ong JLK, Jalaludin NFF, Wong MK, Tan SH, Angelina C, Sukhatme SA, Yeo T, Lim CT, Lee YT, Soh SY, Lim TKH, Tay TKY, Chang KTE, Chen ZX, Loh AH. Exosomal mRNA Cargo are biomarkers of tumor and immune cell populations in pediatric osteosarcoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102008. [PMID: 38852279 PMCID: PMC11220529 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the commonest malignant bone tumor of children and adolescents and is characterized by a high risk of recurrence despite multimodal therapy, especially in metastatic disease. This suggests the presence of clinically undetected cancer cells that persist, leading to cancer recurrence. We sought to evaluate the utility of peripheral blood exosomes as a more sensitive yet minimally invasive blood test that could aid in evaluating treatment response and surveillance for potential disease recurrence. We extracted exosomes from the blood of pediatric osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis (n=7) and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n=5 subset), as well as from age-matched cancer-free controls (n=3). We also obtained matched tumor biopsy samples (n=7) from the cases. Exosome isolation was verified by CD9 immunoblot and characterized on electron microscopy. Profiles of 780 cancer-related transcripts were analysed in mRNA from exosomes of osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis and control patients, matched post-chemotherapy samples, and matched primary tumor samples. Peripheral blood exosomes of osteosarcoma patients at diagnosis were significantly smaller than those of controls and overexpressed extracellular matrix protein gene THBS1 and B cell markers MS4A1 and TCL1A. Immunohistochemical staining of corresponding tumor samples verified the expression of THBS1 on tumor cells and osteoid matrix, and its persistence in a treatment-refractory patient, as well as the B cell origin of the latter. These hold potential as liquid biopsy biomarkers of disease burden and host immune response in osteosarcoma. Our findings suggest that exosomes may provide novel and clinically-important insights into the pathophysiology of cancers such as osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meng Kang Wong
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheng Hui Tan
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clara Angelina
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarvesh A Sukhatme
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Trifanny Yeo
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - York Tien Lee
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony K H Lim
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Timothy Kwang Yong Tay
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Xiong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hp Loh
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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2
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Sun Y, Xie J, Zhu J, Yuan Y. Bioinformatics and Machine Learning Methods Identified MGST1 and QPCT as Novel Biomarkers for Severe Acute Pancreatitis. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1246-1265. [PMID: 38236462 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal emergency. The study aimed to identify biomarkers and investigate molecular mechanisms of SAP. The GSE194331 dataset from GEO database was analyzed using bioinformatics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with SAP were identified, and a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed. Machine learning algorithms were used to determine potential biomarkers. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) explored molecular mechanisms. Immune cell infiltration were analyzed, and correlation between biomarker expression and immune cell infiltration was calculated. A competing endogenous RNA network (ceRNA) was constructed, and biomarker expression levels were quantified in clinical samples using RT-PCR. 1101 DEGs were found, with two modules most relevant to SAP. Potential biomarkers in peripheral blood samples were identified as glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1) and glutamyl peptidyltransferase (QPCT). GSEA revealed their association with immunoglobulin regulation, with QPCT potentially linked to pancreatic cancer development. Correlation between biomarkers and immune cell infiltration was demonstrated. A ceRNA network consisting of 39 nodes and 41 edges was constructed. Elevated expression levels of MGST1 and QPCT were verified in clinical samples. In conclusion, peripheral blood MGST1 and QPCT show promise as SAP biomarkers for diagnosis, providing targets for therapeutic intervention and contributing to SAP understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Armed Police Henan Corps Hospital, No. 1 Kangfu Middle Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Jingjun Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Armed Police Henan Corps Hospital, No. 1 Kangfu Middle Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Armed Police Henan Corps Hospital, No. 1 Kangfu Middle Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yadong Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Armed Police Henan Corps Hospital, No. 1 Kangfu Middle Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
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3
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Zhou Y, Ray PS, Zhu J, Stein F, Rettel M, Sekaran T, Sahadevan S, Perez-Perri JI, Roth EK, Myklebost O, Meza-Zepeda LA, von Deimling A, Fu C, Brosig AN, Boye K, Nathrath M, Blattmann C, Lehner B, Hentze MW, Kulozik AE. Systematic analysis of RNA-binding proteins identifies targetable therapeutic vulnerabilities in osteosarcoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2810. [PMID: 38561347 PMCID: PMC10984982 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor with a strong tendency to metastasize, limiting the prognosis of affected patients. Genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses have demonstrated the exquisite molecular complexity of this tumor, but have not sufficiently defined the underlying mechanisms or identified promising therapeutic targets. To systematically explore RNA-protein interactions relevant to OS, we define the RNA interactomes together with the full proteome and the transcriptome of cells from five malignant bone tumors (four osteosarcomata and one malignant giant cell tumor of the bone) and from normal mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. These analyses uncover both systematic changes of the RNA-binding activities of defined RNA-binding proteins common to all osteosarcomata and individual alterations that are observed in only a subset of tumors. Functional analyses reveal a particular vulnerability of these tumors to translation inhibition and a positive feedback loop involving the RBP IGF2BP3 and the transcription factor Myc which affects cellular translation and OS cell viability. Our results thus provide insight into potentially clinically relevant RNA-binding protein-dependent mechanisms of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mandy Rettel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Sudeep Sahadevan
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Eva K Roth
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leonardo A Meza-Zepeda
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), and Hopp Children's Cancer Center at the NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chuli Fu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika N Brosig
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kjetil Boye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michaela Nathrath
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum Kassel, Kassel, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Olga Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Claudia Blattmann
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Olga Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Burkhard Lehner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Paraplegiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Hentze
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas E Kulozik
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Leukemia, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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4
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Wang Y, Ming G, Gao B. A potential prognostic prediction model for metastatic osteosarcoma based on bioinformatics analysis. Acta Orthop Belg 2023; 89:373-380. [PMID: 37935218 DOI: 10.52628/89.2.10491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant primary bone tumor with a high incidence. This study aims to construct a prognostic prediction model by screening the prognostic mRNA of metastatic OS. Data on four eligible expression profiles from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus repository were obtained based on inclusion criteria and defined as the training set or the validation set. The differentially expressed genres (DEGs) between meta- static and non-metastatic OS samples in the training set were first identified, and DEGs related to prognosis were screened by univariate Cox regression analysis. In total, 107 DEGs related to the prognosis of metastatic OS were identified. Then, 46 DEGs were isolated as the optimized prognostic gene signature, and a metastatic-OS discriminating classifier was constructed, which had a high accuracy in distinguishing metastatic from non-metastatic OS samples. Furthermore, four optimized prognostic gene signatures (ALOX5AP, COL21A1, HLA-DQB1, and LDHB) were further screened, and the prognostic prediction model for metastatic OS was constructed. This model possesses a relatively satisfying prediction ability both in the training set and validation set. The prognostic prediction model that was constructed based on the four prognostic mRNA signatures has a high predictive ability for the prognosis of metastatic OS.
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Alaa M, Al-Shehaby N, Anwar AM, Farid N, Shawky MS, Zamzam M, Zaky I, Elghounimy A, El-Naggar S, Magdeldin S. Comparative Shotgun Proteomics Reveals the Characteristic Protein Signature of Osteosarcoma Subtypes. Cells 2023; 12:2179. [PMID: 37681913 PMCID: PMC10487120 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor affecting adolescents and young adults. This study aimed to identify proteomic signatures that distinguish between different osteosarcoma subtypes, providing insights into their molecular heterogeneity and potential implications for personalized treatment approaches. Using advanced proteomic techniques, we analyzed FFPE tumor samples from a cohort of pediatric osteosarcoma patients representing four various subtypes. Differential expression analysis revealed a significant proteomic signature that discriminated between these subtypes, highlighting distinct molecular profiles associated with different tumor characteristics. In contrast, clinical determinants did not correlate with the proteome signature of pediatric osteosarcoma. The identified proteomics signature encompassed a diverse array of proteins involved in focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, and proteoglycans in cancer, among the top enriched pathways. These findings underscore the importance of considering the molecular heterogeneity of osteosarcoma during diagnosis or even when developing personalized treatment strategies. By identifying subtype-specific proteomics signatures, clinicians may be able to tailor therapy regimens to individual patients, optimizing treatment efficacy and minimizing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Alaa
- Immunology and Microbiology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
| | - Nouran Al-Shehaby
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
| | - Ali Mostafa Anwar
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
| | - Nesma Farid
- Clinical Research Unit, Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
| | | | - Manal Zamzam
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
- Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Iman Zaky
- Radio Diagnosis Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
- Radio Diagnosis Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elghounimy
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery Unit, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
- Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
| | - Shahenda El-Naggar
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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6
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Zhang J, Li H. Identification of potential extracellular vesicle protein markers altered in osteosarcoma from public databases. Proteomics Clin Appl 2022:e2200084. [PMID: 36571514 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202200084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become promising biomarkers for cancer management. Particularly, the molecular cargo such as proteins carried by EVs are similar to their cells of origin, providing important information that can be used for cancer diagnostics, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. However, to date, molecular analysis on EVs is still challenging, limited by the availability of efficient analytical technologies, largely due to the small size of EVs. In this work, we developed a computational workflow for in silico identification of potential EV protein markers from genomic and proteomic databases, and applied it for the discovery of osteosarcoma (OS) EV protein markers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Both mRNA and protein data were computed and compared from publicly accessible databases, and top markers with high differential expression levels were selected. RESULTS Thirty nine markers were identified overexpressed and seven found to be downregulated. These identified markers have been found to be associated with OS on different aspects in literature, demonstrating the usability of this workflow. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This work provides a list of potential EV protein markers that are either overexpressed or downregulated in OS for further experimental validation for improved clinical management of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhe Zhang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Huiyan Li
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Leite TC, Watters RJ, Weiss KR, Intini G. Avenues of research in dietary interventions to target tumor metabolism in osteosarcoma. J Transl Med 2021; 19:450. [PMID: 34715874 PMCID: PMC8555297 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary bone cancer, affecting mostly children and adolescents. Although much progress has been made throughout the years towards treating primary OS, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic OS has remained at only 20% for the last 30 years. Therefore, more efficient treatments are needed. Recent studies have shown that tumor metabolism displays a unique behavior, and plays important roles in tumor growth and metastasis, making it an attractive potential target for novel therapies. While normal cells typically fuel the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway with the products of glycolysis, cancer cells acquire a plastic metabolism, uncoupling these two pathways. This allows them to obtain building blocks for proliferation from glycolytic intermediates and ATP from OXPHOS. One way to target the metabolism of cancer cells is through dietary interventions. However, while some diets have shown anticancer effects against certain tumor types in preclinical studies, as of yet none have been tested to treat OS. Here we review the features of tumor metabolism, in general and about OS, and propose avenues of research in dietary intervention, discussing strategies that could potentially be effective to target OS metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiana Campos Leite
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca Jean Watters
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kurt Richard Weiss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Intini
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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8
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Tzanakakis GN, Giatagana EM, Berdiaki A, Spyridaki I, Hida K, Neagu M, Tsatsakis AM, Nikitovic D. The Role of IGF/IGF-IR-Signaling and Extracellular Matrix Effectors in Bone Sarcoma Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102478. [PMID: 34069554 PMCID: PMC8160938 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone sarcomas are mesenchymal origin tumors. Bone sarcoma patients show a variable response or do not respond to chemotherapy. Notably, improving efficient chemotherapy approaches, dealing with chemoresistance, and preventing metastasis pose unmet challenges in sarcoma therapy. Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF-1 and -2) and their respective receptors are a multifactorial system that significantly contributes to bone sarcoma pathogenesis. Most clinical trials aiming at the IGF pathway have had limited success. Developing combinatorial strategies to enhance antitumor responses and better classify the patients that could best benefit from IGF-axis targeting therapies is in order. A plausible approach for developing a combinatorial strategy is to focus on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and processes executed therein. Herewith, we will discuss how the interplay between IGF-signaling and the TME constituents affects bone sarcomas’ basal functions and their response to therapy. Potential direct and adjunct therapeutical implications of the extracellular matrix (ECM) effectors will also be summarized. Abstract Bone sarcomas, mesenchymal origin tumors, represent a substantial group of varying neoplasms of a distinct entity. Bone sarcoma patients show a limited response or do not respond to chemotherapy. Notably, developing efficient chemotherapy approaches, dealing with chemoresistance, and preventing metastasis pose unmet challenges in sarcoma therapy. Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF-1 and -2) and their respective receptors are a multifactorial system that significantly contributes to bone sarcoma pathogenesis. Whereas failures have been registered in creating novel targeted therapeutics aiming at the IGF pathway, new agent development should continue, evaluating combinatorial strategies for enhancing antitumor responses and better classifying the patients that could best benefit from these therapies. A plausible approach for developing a combinatorial strategy is to focus on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and processes executed therein. Herewith, we will discuss how the interplay between IGF-signaling and the TME constituents affects sarcomas’ basal functions and their response to therapy. This review highlights key studies focusing on IGF signaling in bone sarcomas, specifically studies underscoring novel properties that make this system an attractive therapeutic target and identifies new relationships that may be exploited. Potential direct and adjunct therapeutical implications of the extracellular matrix (ECM) effectors will also be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- George N. Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (G.N.T.); (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (I.S.)
- Laboratory of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eirini-Maria Giatagana
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (G.N.T.); (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (I.S.)
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (G.N.T.); (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (I.S.)
| | - Ioanna Spyridaki
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (G.N.T.); (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (I.S.)
| | - Kyoko Hida
- Department of Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan;
| | - Monica Neagu
- Department of Immunology, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Aristidis M. Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (G.N.T.); (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Lei Y, Junxin C, Yongcan H, Xiaoguang L, Binsheng Y. Role of microRNAs in the crosstalk between osteosarcoma cells and the tumour microenvironment. J Bone Oncol 2020; 25:100322. [PMID: 33083216 PMCID: PMC7554654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumour, with a peak incidence in adolescents, and the five-year survival rate of patients with metastasis or recurrence is much lower than that of patients without metastasis and recurrence. OS is initiated and develops in a complex tumour microenvironment (TME) that contains many different components, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), extracellular vesicles, and cytokines. The extensive interaction between OS and the TME underlies OS progression. Therefore, rather than targeting OS cells, targeting the key factors in the TME may yield novel therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play multiple roles in the biological behaviours of OS, and recent studies have implied that miRNAs are involved in mediating the communication between OS cells and the surrounding TME. Here, we review the TME landscape and the miRNA dysregulation of OS, describe the role of the altered TME in OS development and highlight the role of miRNA in the crosstalk between OS cells and the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Chen Junxin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Huang Yongcan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Liu Xiaoguang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Binsheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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10
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Wu F, Ning L, Zhou R, Shen A. Screening and evaluation of key genes in contributing to pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis based on microarray data. Eur J Med Res 2020; 25:43. [PMID: 32943114 PMCID: PMC7499914 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-020-00443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis (HF), which is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the liver, usually progresses to liver cirrhosis and then death. To screen differentially expressed (DE) long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs, explore their potential functions to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of HF. METHODS The microarray of GSE80601 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which is based on the GPL1355 platform. Screening for the differentially expressed LncRNAs and mRNAs was conducted between the control and model groups. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to analyze the biological functions and pathways of the DE mRNAs. Additionally, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was delineated. In addition, utilizing the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) package and Cytoscape software, we constructed lncRNA-mRNA weighted co-expression networks. RESULTS A total of 254 significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs and 472 mRNAs were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that DE mRNAs regulated HF by participating in the GO terms of metabolic process, inflammatory response, response to wounding and oxidation-reduction. DE mRNAs were also significantly enriched in the pathways of ECM-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, focal adhesion (FA), retinol metabolism and metabolic pathways. Moreover, 24 lncRNAs associated with 40 differentially expressed genes were observed in the modules of lncRNA-mRNA weighted co-expression network. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed crucial information on the molecular mechanisms of HF and laid a foundation for subsequent genes validation and functional studies, which could contribute to the development of novel diagnostic markers and provide new therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Ning
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Aizong Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Wang K, Sun Y, Wang Y, Liu L. An integration analysis of mRNAs and miRNAs microarray data to identify key regulators for ovarian endometriosis based on competing endogenous RNAs. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 252:468-475. [PMID: 32738676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to uncover effects of non-coding RNA transcripts on ovarian endometriosis (OEM) development. Two transcription datasets (GSE105764 and GSE105765) about OME were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs (DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs and DEmiRNAs) between OEM cases and controls were identified followed by protein-protein interaction analysis. Then, co-expression analysis was conducted and DEmiRNAs-DEmRNAs as well as DElncRNAs-DEmiRNAs pairs were predicted to construct the ceRNA network followed by sub-ceRNA network associated with OEM extraction. Functional analyses of DEmRNAs in ceRNA and sub-module network and the survival analysis were also performed to evaluate the correlation of key regulators and OV outcomes. Totally, 1910 DEmRNAs, 158 DElncRNAs and 118 DEmiRNAs were screened between OEM cases and controls and the functional analyses of DEmRNAs showed that they were significantly enriched in cell adhesion. Furthermore, there were 505 nodes in PPI network and ceRNA network included 762 interaction pairs among 357 DEmRNAs, 28 DElncRNAs and 24 DEmiRNAs. The KEGG analysis suggested several genes including FOXO1, STAT5A and RUNX1 were predominately associated with pathways in cancer while IL15 was primarily enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. Importantly, these two pathways were also found to be implicated with OEM development. Finally, survival analysis implied that overexpression of ZFPM2-AS1 had a good clinical outcome while the under-expression levels of FOXO1, JUP, STAT5A, RUNX1 and PRKG1-AS1 exhibited a better prognosis for OV. FOXO1, STAT5A, RUNX1 and IL15, PRKG1-AS1 and ZFPM2-AS1 were promising diagnostic makers for OME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, 130031, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130031, China
| | - Li Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China.
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12
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Chen J, Zhao X, Cui L, He G, Wang X, Wang F, Duan S, He L, Li Q, Yu X, Zhang F, Xu M. Genetic regulatory subnetworks and key regulating genes in rat hippocampus perturbed by prenatal malnutrition: implications for major brain disorders. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8434-8458. [PMID: 32392183 PMCID: PMC7244046 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many population studies have shown that maternal prenatal nutrition deficiency may increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in their offspring, but its potential transcriptomic effects on brain development are not clear. We aimed to investigate the transcriptional regulatory interactions between genes in particular pathways responding to the prenatal nutritional deficiency and to explore their effects on neurodevelopment and related disorders. RESULTS We identified three modules in rat hippocampus responding to maternal prenatal nutritional deficiency and found 15 key genes (Hmgn1, Ssbp1, LOC684988, Rpl23, Gga1, Rhobtb2, Dhcr24, Atg9a, Dlgap3, Grm5, Scn2b, Furin, Sh3kbp1, Ubqln1, and Unc13a) related to the rat hippocampus developmental dysregulation, of which Hmgn1, Rhobtb2 and Unc13a related to autism, and Dlgap3, Grm5, Furin and Ubqln1 are related to Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia. Transcriptional alterations of the hub genes were confirmed except for Atg9a. Additionally, through modeling miRNA-mRNA-transcription factor interactions for the hub genes, we confirmed a transcription factor, Cebpa, is essential to regulate the expression of Rhobtb2. We did not find singificent singals in the prefrontal cortex responding to maternal prenatal nutritional deficiency. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that these genes with the three modules in rat hippocampus involved in synaptic development, neuronal projection, cognitive function, and learning function are significantly enriched hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and suggest that three genetic regulatory subnetworks and thirteen key regulating genes in rat hippocampus perturbed by a prenatal nutrition deficiency. These genes and related subnetworks may be prenatally involved in the etiologies of major brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, autism, and schizophrenia. METHODS We compared the transcriptomic differences in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex between 10 rats with prenatal nutritional deficiency and 10 rats with prenatal normal chow feeding by differential analysis and co-expression network analysis. A network-driven integrative analysis with microRNAs and transcription factors was performed to define significant modules and hub genes responding to prenatal nutritional deficiency. Meanwhile, the module preservation test was conducted between the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Expression levels of the hub genes were further validated with a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction based on additional 40 pairs of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Chen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xinzhi Zhao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.,International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Li Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- School of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- School of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Translational Medical Center for Development and Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mingqing Xu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.,Center for Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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13
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Baharudin R, Tieng FYF, Lee LH, Ab Mutalib NS. Epigenetics of SFRP1: The Dual Roles in Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E445. [PMID: 32074995 PMCID: PMC7072595 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) is a gene that belongs to the secreted glycoprotein SFRP family. SFRP1 has been classified as a tumor suppressor gene due to the loss of expression in various human cancers, which is mainly attributed by epigenetic inactivation via DNA methylation or transcriptional silencing by microRNAs. Epigenetic silencing of SFRP1 may cause dysregulation of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which lead to cancer cells formation, disease progression, poor prognosis, and treatment resistance. Hence, restoration of SFRP1 expression via demethylating drugs or over-expression experiments opens the possibility for new cancer therapy approach. While the role of SFRP1 as a tumor suppressor gene is well-established, some studies also reported the possible oncogenic properties of SFRP1 in cancers. In this review, we discussed in great detail the dual roles of SFRP1 in cancers-as tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. The epigenetic regulation of SFRP1 expression will also be underscored with additional emphasis on the potentials of SFRP1 in modulating responses toward chemotherapeutic and epigenetic-modifying drugs, which may encourage the development of novel drugs for cancer treatment. We also present findings from clinical trials and patents involving SFRP1 to illustrate its clinical utility, extensiveness of each research area, and progression toward commercialization. Lastly, this review provides directions for future research to advance SFRP1 as a promising cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashidah Baharudin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.B.); (F.Y.F.T.)
| | - Francis Yew Fu Tieng
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.B.); (F.Y.F.T.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.B.); (F.Y.F.T.)
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14
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Zhao X, Li J, Yu D. MicroRNA-939-5p directly targets IGF-1R to inhibit the aggressive phenotypes of osteosarcoma through deactivating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1833-1843. [PMID: 31545400 PMCID: PMC6777675 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of microRNA‑939‑5p (miR‑939) is involved in the development of multiple types of human cancer. However, the expression and roles of miR‑939 in osteosarcoma (OS) have yet to be clarified. The expression level of miR‑939 in OS was measured using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). A Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, flow cytometry analysis, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and a tumor xenograft assay were employed to explore the effects of miR‑939 in OS cells. Bioinformatics analysis, RT‑qPCR, western blot analysis and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore its underlying mechanism. Expression of miR‑939 was decreased in both OS tissues and cell lines. The decreased miR‑939 expression was notably correlated with clinical stage and distant metastasis in patients with OS, where low miR‑939 levels were correlated with lower overall survival. miR‑939 overexpression decreased OS cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro; induced cell apoptosis, and impaired tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‑1R) was characterized as direct target gene of miR‑939 in OS. The tumor‑suppressing effects of miR‑939 in OS cells were imitated by IGF‑1R knockdown. In addition, exogenous IGF‑1R expression abolished the tumor suppressive roles of miR‑939 in OS cells. miR‑939 was implicated in the deactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in OS in vitro and in vivo through regulating IGF‑1R expression. The present study demonstrated that miR‑939 exerted tumor‑suppressing roles in the malignancy of OS cells by directly targeting IGF‑1R and inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, this miRNA may be a promising target for anticancer therapy in patients with OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwu Zhao
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Fourth People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Dapeng Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
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15
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Sekar D, Mani P, Biruntha M, Sivagurunathan P, Karthigeyan M. Dissecting the functional role of microRNA 21 in osteosarcoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 26:179-182. [PMID: 30905966 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is considered to be a malignant bone tumour that mainly affects the long bones, but it is also involved in other bones of the body. Currently, surgery and chemotherapy have achieved some response to patients with OS, but they are not increasing the survival rate as well as treatment options. Researchers made lot of drug options for OS, but yet, no treatment is existing in sight for the disease and needs a new insight into the molecular and signaling pathways for the disease. Now, it is necessary to develop a novel and alternative strategy for the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment options for OS. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small non-coding RNA, and their size ranges from 18 to 22 nt in length. In the nucleus, miRNAs originate and transcribe into primary transcripts and later cleaved to produce stem loop-structured precursor nucleotides. microRNA 21 (miR-21) is considered to be a trivial marker for many diseases and has been upregulated in many cancers. Moreover, it plays a main role in proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. miR-21 and its associated pathways are very important and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of OS and are considered to be a biomarker and a therapeutic target for OS. To our knowledge, there is no paper that demonstrates the responsibility and the role of miR-21 in OS and the number of studies related to miR-21 in OS is spare. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to give an outline of the recent clinical investigation and importance of miR-21 in OS. It has been suggested that the up- and downregulation of miRNAs plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of OS. Normally, miR-21 was found to be upregulated in OS; however, we summarize the clinical relevance and the recent research findings associated with miR-21 in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durairaj Sekar
- Dental Research Cell (DRC-BRULAC), Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - Panagal Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Annai College of Arts and Science, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, 612001, India
| | - M Biruntha
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - P Sivagurunathan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India
| | - M Karthigeyan
- Department of Zoology, Arumugam Pillai Seethai Ammal College, Tiruppattur, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Advanced development of ErbB family-targeted therapies in osteosarcoma treatment. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:175-183. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Xie L, Yao Z, Zhang Y, Li D, Hu F, Liao Y, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Huang Z, He Z, Han L, Yang Y, Yang Z. Deep RNA sequencing reveals the dynamic regulation of miRNA, lncRNAs, and mRNAs in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:772. [PMID: 29991755 PMCID: PMC6039476 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor, and occurrence of pulmonary metastasis generally causes a rapid and fatal outcome. Here we aimed to provide clues for exploring the mechanism of tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis for OS by comprehensive analysis of microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and mRNA expression in primary OS and OS pulmonary metastasis. In this study, deep sequencing with samples from primary OS (n = 3), pulmonary metastatic OS (n = 3), and normal controls (n = 3) was conducted and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) between primary OS and normal controls as well as pulmonary metastatic and primary OS were identified. A total of 65 DEmiRNAs, 233 DElncRNAs, and 1405 DEmRNAs were obtained between primary OS and normal controls; 48 DEmiRNAs, 50 DElncRNAs, and 307 DEmRNAs were obtained between pulmonary metastatic and primary OS. Then, the target DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs regulated by the same DEmiRNAs were searched and the OS tumorigenesis-related and OS pulmonary metastasis-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed, respectively. Based on these ceRNA networks and Venn diagram analysis, we obtained 3 DEmiRNAs, 15 DElncRNAs, and 100 DEmRNAs, and eight target pairs including miR-223-5p/(CLSTN2, AC009951.1, LINC01705, AC090673.1), miR-378b/(ALX4, IGSF3, SULF1), and miR-323b-3p/TGFBR3 were involved in both tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis of OS. The TGF-β superfamily co-receptor TGFBR3, which is regulated by miR-323b-3p, acts as a tumor suppressor in OS tumorigenesis and acts as a tumor promoter in pulmonary metastatic OS via activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program.In conclusion, the OS transcriptome (miRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA) is dynamically regulated. These analyses might provide new clues to uncover the molecular mechanisms and signaling networks that contribute to OS progression, toward patient-tailored and novel-targeted treatments.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Computational Biology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Osteosarcoma/genetics
- Osteosarcoma/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Dongqi Li
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengdi Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Yedan Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeyong Huang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Zewei He
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Han
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Yihao Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China.
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