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Wang S, He L, Xiao F, Gao M, Wei H, Yang J, Shu Y, Zhang F, Ye X, Li P, Hao X, Zhou X, Wei H. Upregulation of GLT25D1 in Hepatic Stellate Cells Promotes Liver Fibrosis via the TGF-β1/SMAD3 Pathway In Vivo and In vitro. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:1-14. [PMID: 36406310 PMCID: PMC9647113 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Collagen β(1-O) galactosyltransferase 25 domain 1 (GLT25D1) is associated with collagen production and glycosylation, and its knockout in mice results in embryonic death. However, its role in liver fibrosis remains elusive, particularly in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the primary collagen-producing cells associated with liver fibrogenesis. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the role of GLT25D1 in HSCs. METHODS Bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced mouse liver fibrosis models, primary mouse HSCs (mHSCs), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells were used in in vivo and in vitro studies. Stable LX-2 cell lines with either GLT25D1 overexpression or knockdown were established using lentiviral transfection. RNA-seq was performed to investigate the genomic differences. HPLC-MS/MS were used to identify glycosylation sites. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and second-harmonic generation/two-photon excited fluorescence (SHG/TPEF) were used to image collagen fibril morphology. RESULTS GLT25D1 expression was upregulated in nonparenchymal cells in human cirrhotic liver tissues. Meanwhile, its knockdown attenuated collagen deposition in BDL-induced mouse liver fibrosis and inhibited mHSC activation. GLT25D1 was overexpressed in activated versus quiescence LX-2 cells and regulated in vitro LX-2 cell activation, including proliferation, contraction, and migration. GLT25D1 also significantly increased liver fibrogenic gene and protein expression. GLT25D1 upregulation promoted HSC activation and enhanced collagen expression through the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway. Mass spectrometry showed that GLT25D1 regulated the glycosylation of collagen in HSCs, affecting the diameter of collagen fibers. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the upregulation of GLT25D1 in HSCs promoted the progression of liver fibrosis by affecting HSCs activation and collagen stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meixin Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Herui Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junru Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuyang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Huaxin Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Hao
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongshan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
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Geister KA, Lopez-Jimenez AJ, Houghtaling S, Ho TH, Vanacore R, Beier DR. Loss of function of Colgalt1 disrupts collagen post-translational modification and causes musculoskeletal defects. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.037176. [PMID: 31101663 PMCID: PMC6602307 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In a screen for organogenesis defects in N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced mutant mice, we discovered a line carrying a mutation in Colgalt1 [collagen beta(1-O)galactosyltransferase type 1], which is required for proper galactosylation of hydroxylysine residues in a number of collagens. Colgalt1 mutant embryos have not been previously characterized; here, we show that they exhibit skeletal and muscular defects. Analysis of mutant-derived embryonic fibroblasts reveals that COLGALT1 acts on collagen IV and VI, and, while collagen VI appears stable and its secretion is not affected, collagen IV accumulates inside of cells and within the extracellular matrix, possibly due to instability and increased degradation. We also generated mutant zebrafish that do not express the duplicated orthologs of mammalian Colgalt1. The double-homozygote mutants have muscle defects; they are viable through the larvae stage but do not survive to 10 days post-fertilization. We hypothesize that the Colgalt1 mutant could serve as a model of a human connective tissue disorder and/or congenital muscular dystrophy or myopathy. Summary: The authors characterized a novel mouse mutant that has a defect in collagen glycosylation, which appears to affect muscle development. There is very little functional characterization of the affected gene, but this study provides analysis of its embryonic phenotype and the biochemistry of the null mutant, as well as the phenotype of null-mutant zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista A Geister
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alberto Jose Lopez-Jimenez
- Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Scott Houghtaling
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Tzu-Hua Ho
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Roberto Vanacore
- Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - David R Beier
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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