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Zhang F, Xu Y, Lin J, Pan H, Giuliano AE, Cui X, Cui Y. Reciprocal regulation of forkhead box C1 and L1 cell adhesion molecule contributes to triple-negative breast cancer progression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 204:465-474. [PMID: 38183514 PMCID: PMC10959774 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The potential of targeting forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) as a therapeutic approach for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is promising. However, a comprehensive understanding of FOXC1 regulation, particularly upstream factors, remains elusive. Expression of the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), a transmembrane glycoprotein associated with brain metastasis, was observed to be positively associated with FOXC1 transcripts. Thus, this study aims to investigate their relationship in TNBC progression. METHODS Publicly available FOXC1 and L1CAM transcriptomic data were obtained, and their corresponding proteins were analyzed in four TNBC cell lines. In BT549 cells, FOXC1 and L1CAM were individually silenced, while L1CAM was overexpressed in BT549-shFOXC1, MDA-MB-231, and HCC1937 cells. CCK-8, transwell, and wound healing assays were performed in these cell lines, and immunohistochemical staining was conducted in tumor samples. RESULTS A positive correlation between L1CAM and FOXC1 transcripts was observed in publicly available datasets. In BT549 cells, knockdown of FOXC1 led to reduced L1CAM expression at both the transcriptional and protein levels, and conversely, silencing of L1CAM decreased FOXC1 protein levels, but interestingly, FOXC1 transcripts remained largely unaffected. Overexpressing L1CAM resulted in increased FOXC1 protein expression without significant changes in FOXC1 mRNA levels. This trend was also observed in BT549-shFOXC1, MDA-MB-231-L1CAM, and HCC1937-L1CAM cells. Notably, alterations in FOXC1 or L1CAM levels corresponded to changes in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities. Furthermore, a positive correlation between L1CAM and FOXC1 protein expression was detected in human TNBC tumors. CONCLUSION FOXC1 and L1CAM exhibit co-regulation at the protein level, with FOXC1 regulating at the transcriptional level and L1CAM regulating at the post-transcriptional level, and together they positively influence cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiediao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongchao Pan
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Armando E Giuliano
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Cui
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yukun Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
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Recouvreux MS, Miao J, Gozo MC, Wu J, Walts AE, Karlan BY, Orsulic S. FOXC2 Promotes Vasculogenic Mimicry in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4851. [PMID: 36230774 PMCID: PMC9564305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXC2 is a forkhead family transcription factor that plays a critical role in specifying mesenchymal cell fate during embryogenesis. FOXC2 expression is associated with increased metastasis and poor survival in various solid malignancies. Using in vitro and in vivo assays in mouse ovarian cancer cell lines, we confirmed the previously reported mechanisms by which FOXC2 could promote cancer growth, metastasis, and drug resistance, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem cell-like differentiation, and resistance to anoikis. In addition, we showed that FOXC2 expression is associated with vasculogenic mimicry in mouse and human ovarian cancers. FOXC2 overexpression increased the ability of human ovarian cancer cells to form vascular-like structures in vitro, while inhibition of FOXC2 had the opposite effect. Thus, we present a novel mechanism by which FOXC2 might contribute to cancer aggressiveness and poor patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sol Recouvreux
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jiangyong Miao
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Maricel C. Gozo
- Women’s Cancer Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jingni Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ann E. Walts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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3
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Sun Y, Lin C, Ding Q, Dai Y. Overexpression of FOXC1 Promotes Tumor Metastasis by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:3742-3752. [PMID: 34427817 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box protein C1 (FOXC1) is a transcription factor overexpressed in multiple cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the function of FOXC1 in gastric cancer remains largely unknown. AIM This study aims to explore the role of FOXC1 in promoting gastric cancer metastasis. METHODS FOXC1 expression in gastric cancer patients was measured using real-time PCR and western blot. The association of FOXC1 with patient survival was assessed using public dataset. Gastric cancer cells with FOXC1 overexpression or knockdown were established. Cell metastatic ability was assessed by the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as well as by migration and invasion assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to evaluate the interaction between FOXC1 and β-catenin. The in vivo effect of FOXC1 and β-catenin was assessed in metastatic animal models. RESULTS FOXC1 is overexpressed in gastric cancer and is associated with disease progression and poor patient survival. FOXC1 overexpression leads to the down-regulation of epithelial marker (E-cadherin) and the up-regulation of mesenchymal makers (N-cadherin, vimentin) and MMP-9, consistent with enhanced EMT. Moreover, cell migration and invasion are also activated, indicating increased metastatic ability. Notably, FOXC1 binds to the promoter region of β-catenin and transactivates β-catenin expression, which is responsible for the activation of EMT and metastasis in cells overexpressing FOXC1, while β-catenin knockdown can suppress the metastasis-induced by FOXC1. CONCLUSIONS FOXC1 promotes gastric cancer metastasis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which may serve as a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang'an Sun
- Abdominal Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Abdominal Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qunhua Ding
- Abdominal Surgery Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ying Dai
- The Third Hepatology Department, Nanchang No. 9 Hospital, Nanchang Liverish Hospital, 167 Hongdu Middle Ave, Qingshanhu District, Nanchang, 330002, Jiangxi, China.
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4
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Lu CH, Wei ST, Liu JJ, Chang YJ, Lin YF, Yu CS, Chang SLY. Recognition of a Novel Gene Signature for Human Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084157. [PMID: 35456975 PMCID: PMC9029857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common malignant and incurable brain tumors. The identification of a gene signature for GBM may be helpful for its diagnosis, treatment, prediction of prognosis and even the development of treatments. In this study, we used the GSE108474 database to perform GSEA and machine learning analysis, and identified a 33-gene signature of GBM by examining astrocytoma or non-GBM glioma differential gene expression. The 33 identified signature genes included the overexpressed genes COL6A2, ABCC3, COL8A1, FAM20A, ADM, CTHRC1, PDPN, IBSP, MIR210HG, GPX8, MYL9 and PDLIM4, as well as the underexpressed genes CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C, SHANK2 and VIPR2. Protein functional analysis by CELLO2GO implied that these signature genes might be involved in regulating various aspects of biological function, including anatomical structure development, cell proliferation and adhesion, signaling transduction and many of the genes were annotated in response to stress. Of these 33 signature genes, 23 have previously been reported to be functionally correlated with GBM; the roles of the remaining 10 genes in glioma development remain unknown. Our results were the first to reveal that GBM exhibited the overexpressed GPX8 gene and underexpressed signature genes including CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C and SHANK2, which might play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis of different gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Lu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tai Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Jun Liu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Jen Chang
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Feng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Sheng Yu
- Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan;
| | - Sunny Li-Yun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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5
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Wang H, Wang H, Song Y, Liu C, Qian X, Zhang D, Jiang X, Zhang S. Overexpression of Foxc1 ameliorates sepsis‑associated encephalopathy by inhibiting microglial migration and neuroinflammation through the IκBα/NF‑κB pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:107. [PMID: 35103290 PMCID: PMC8822881 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common and severe complication of sepsis. The cognitive dysfunction that ensues during SAE has been reported to be caused by impairments of the hippocampus. Microglia serves a key role in neuroinflammation during SAE through migration. Forkhead box C1 (Foxc1) is a member of the forkhead transcription factor family that has been found to regulate in cell migration. However, the role of Foxc1 in neuroinflammation during SAE remains unknown. In the present study, the mechanistic role of Foxc1 on microglial migration, neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction in SAE was investigated. A microglia-mediated inflammation model was induced by LPS in BV-2 microglial cells in vitro, whilst a SAE-related cognitive impairment model was established in mice using cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) surgery. Cognitive function in mice was evaluated using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) trial. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment was found to trigger BV-2 cell migration, inflammation and neuronal apoptosis. In addition, CLP surgery induced cognitive injury, which was indicated by longer latencies and shorter dwell times in the goal quadrant compared with those in the Sham group in the MWM trial. LPS treatment or CLP induction decreased the expression of Foxc1 and inhibitor of NF-κB (IκΒα) whilst increasing that of p65, IL-1β and TNF-α. After Foxc1 was overexpressed, the cognitive dysfunction of mice that underwent CLP surgery was improved, with the expression of IκBα also increased, microglial cell migration, the expression of p65, IL-1β and TNF-α and neuronal apoptosis were all decreased in vivo and in vitro, which were in turn reversed by the inhibition of IκBα in vitro. Overall, these results suggest that the overexpression of Foxc1 inhibited microglial migration whilst suppressing the inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis by regulating the IκBα/NF-κB pathway, thereby improving cognitive dysfunction during SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Yinsen Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine/Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Congyan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xinling Qian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine/Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Dalong Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine/Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine/Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Sisen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
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6
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Ray T, Ryusaki T, Ray PS. Therapeutically Targeting Cancers That Overexpress FOXC1: A Transcriptional Driver of Cell Plasticity, Partial EMT, and Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:721959. [PMID: 34540690 PMCID: PMC8446626 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.721959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for more than 90% of cancer related mortality, thus the most pressing need in the field of oncology today is the ability to accurately predict future onset of metastatic disease, ideally at the time of initial diagnosis. As opposed to current practice, what would be desirable is that prognostic, biomarker-based detection of metastatic propensity and heightened risk of cancer recurrence be performed long before overt metastasis has set in. Without such timely information it will be impossible to formulate a rational therapeutic treatment plan to favorably alter the trajectory of disease progression. In order to help inform rational selection of targeted therapeutics, any recurrence/metastasis risk prediction strategy must occur with the paired identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and their underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms that help drive cancer recurrence/metastasis (i.e. recurrence biomarkers). Traditional clinical factors alone (such as TNM staging criteria) are no longer adequately prognostic for this purpose in the current molecular era. FOXC1 is a pivotal transcription factor that has been functionally implicated to drive cancer metastasis and has been demonstrated to be an independent predictor of heightened metastatic risk, at the time of initial diagnosis. In this review, we present our viewpoints on the master regulatory role that FOXC1 plays in mediating cancer stem cell traits that include cellular plasticity, partial EMT, treatment resistance, cancer invasion and cancer migration during cancer progression and metastasis. We also highlight potential therapeutic strategies to target cancers that are, or have evolved to become, “transcriptionally addicted” to FOXC1. The potential role of FOXC1 expression status in predicting the efficacy of these identified therapeutic approaches merits evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ray
- R&D Division, Onconostic Technologies (OT), Inc., Champaign, IL, United States
| | | | - Partha S Ray
- R&D Division, Onconostic Technologies (OT), Inc., Champaign, IL, United States
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7
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Wang X, Cao Q, Shi Y, Wu X, Mi Y, Liu K, Kan Q, Fan R, Liu Z, Zhang M. Identification of low-dose radiation-induced exosomal circ-METRN and miR-4709-3p/GRB14/PDGFRα pathway as a key regulatory mechanism in Glioblastoma progression and radioresistance: Functional validation and clinical theranostic significance. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:1061-1078. [PMID: 33867829 PMCID: PMC8040305 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.57168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a central nervous malignancy with a very poor prognosis. This study attempted to explore the role of exosomes induced by low-dose radiation-induced (ldrEXOs) and ldrEXOs-derived circ-METRN in glioblastoma progression and radioresistance at the molecular, cellular, animal, and clinical levels. Results in the present study revealed that low-dose radiation stimulated the secretion of ldrEXOs which delivered high levels of circ-METRN. And circ-METRN-abundant ldrEXOs increased the expression of γ-H2AX, indicating an efficient DNA damage-repair process in glioblastoma cells. The ldrEXOs-derived circ-METRN enhanced the glioblastoma progression and radioresistance via miR-4709-3p/GRB14/PDGFRα pathway. Up-regulating PDGFRα can rescue the tumor-promoting function of ldrEXOs in groups previously treated with inhibition of GRB14. Additionally, in-vivo experiments revealed that treatments with ldrEXOs promoted the growth of xenografted tumors and shortened the survival period. Furthermore, clinical researches indicated that circ-METRN may be transported into the bloodstream by exosomes in the early stages of fractionated radiotherapy. It has important clinical values to detect the serum exosomal circ-METRN in the early stage of radiotherapy, which is not only conducive to predict radioresistance and prognosis but also to assist MRI diagnosis in detecting the very early recurrence of glioblastoma. In summary, this study reveals for the first time that low-dose radiation-induced exosomal circ-METRN plays an oncogenic role in glioblastoma progression and radioresistance through miR-4709-3p/GRB14/PDGFRα pathway, providing mechanistic insights into the roles of circRNAs and a valuable marker for therapeutic targets in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinchen Cao
- Department of Radiation Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Shi
- Department of Radiation Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Mi
- Department of Radiation Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Radiation Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy and Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy and Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
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8
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Qiu W, Cai X, Xu K, Song S, Xiao Z, Hou Y, Qi X, Liu F, Chen Y, Yang H, Chu L, Liu J. PRL1 Promotes Glioblastoma Invasion and Tumorigenesis via Activating USP36-Mediated Snail2 Deubiquitination. Front Oncol 2021; 11:795633. [PMID: 35111679 PMCID: PMC8801937 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.795633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerating liver phosphatase 1 (PRL1) is an established oncogene in various cancers, although its biological function and the underlying mechanisms in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remain unclear. Here, we showed that PRL1 was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines, and positively correlated with the tumor grade. Consistently, ectopic expression of PRL1 in glioma cell lines significantly enhanced their tumorigenicity and invasion both in vitro and in vivo by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conversely, knocking down PRL1 blocked EMT in GBM cells, and inhibited their invasion, migration and tumorigenic growth. Additionally, PRL1 also stabilized Snail2 through its deubiquitination by activating USP36, thus revealing Snail2 as a crucial mediator of the oncogenic effects of PRL1 in GBM pathogenesis. Finally, PRL1 protein levels were positively correlated with that of Snail2 and predicted poor outcome of GBMs. Collectively, our data support that PRL1 promotes GBM progression by activating USP36-mediated Snail2 deubiquitination. This novel PRL1/USP36/Snail2 axis may be a promising therapeutic target for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaomin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaya Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shibin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zumu Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yunan Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaolan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Liangzhao Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Liu, ; Liangzhao Chu,
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Liu, ; Liangzhao Chu,
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9
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Xia W, Zhu J, Wang X, Tang Y, Zhou P, Wei X, Chang B, Zheng X, Zhu W, Hou M, Li S. Overexpression of Foxc1 regenerates crushed rat facial nerves by promoting Schwann cells migration via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9609-9622. [PMID: 32391604 PMCID: PMC7586989 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Facial paralysis can result in severe implications for patients. A good prognosis depends on the degree of nerve regeneration. Schwann cells (SCs) play an important role in facial nerve development and regeneration through migration. Forkhead box C1 (Foxc1), a member of the forkhead transcription factor family, is implicated in cell migration. However, the role of Foxc1 in the progression after facial nerve crush remains unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of Foxc1 overexpression on SC migration and recovery of facial nerves after crush injury. The rat facial nerve crush injury model was established through the use of unilateral surgery. The results showed that the expression of Foxc1 was increased in the surgery group compared to that of the control group. SCs were isolated from the sciatic nerves and cultured. Foxc1, delivered by an adeno‐associated virus in vivo, or adenovirus in vitro, both induced overexpression of Foxc1, and increased the expression of CXCL12 and β‐catenin. After the transfection of Foxc1, the migration of SC was increased both in vitro and in vivo, was reduced by the inhibition of CXCL12 or β‐catenin. The facial nerve function and the nerve axon remyelination of the rats transfected with Foxc1 were significantly improved after nerve crush injury. Overall, the results demonstrated that overexpression of Foxc1 promoted SC migration by regulating CXCL12 via the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, thus contributing to improved facial nerve function after crush injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinda Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanchun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shiting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Nerve Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Huang H, Xiong Y, Wu Z, He Y, Gao X, Zhou Z, Wang T. MIR-138-5P inhibits the progression of prostate cancer by targeting FOXC1. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1193. [PMID: 32107877 PMCID: PMC7196466 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have suggested that micro‐RNAs (miRNAs) can function as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in cancers. However, the role of MIR‐138‐5P (613394) in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Methods Expression level of MIR‐138‐5P in PCa cell lines and normal cell line was analyzed with the quantitative real‐time PCR method. Cell counting kit‐8 assay, colony formation assay, wound‐healing assay, and transwell invasion assay were performed to analyze the biological functions of MIR‐138‐5P. Results We showed MIR‐138‐5P expression level was significantly decreased in PCa cell lines compared with the normal cell line. Overexpression of MIR‐138‐5P inhibits PCa cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and cell invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, we showed Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1, 601090) was a direct target for MIR‐138‐5P in PCa. We confirmed that overexpression of FOXC1 partially reversed the effects of MIR‐138‐5P on PCa cell behaviors. Conclusions Collectively, we showed that MIR‐138‐5P functions as a tumor suppressor gene in PCa via targeting FOXC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Urology, Yangtze University, Affiliated Hospital 1, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhensheng Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuhui He
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Xianglin Gao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Zhangyan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Yangtze University, Affiliated Hospital 1, Jingzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Foshan, China
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