1
|
Gu X, Li Q, Qian T, Hu Q, Gu J, Ding W, Li M, Wang M, Lu H, Tao K. FGF21 promotes angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Vascular 2023:17085381231192688. [PMID: 37522318 DOI: 10.1177/17085381231192688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially fatal vascular disorder with a high mortality rate. It was previously reported that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was highly expressed in AAA patients. Nonetheless, its underlying mechanism in AAA progression is unclarified. METHODS Angiotensin II (Ang-II) was used to induce AAA in human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and mouse models. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were utilized for measuring protein and RNA levels. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized for detecting LC3B expression in HASMCs. Elastica van Gieson staining was conducted for histological analysis of the abdominal aortas of mice. RESULTS FGF21 displayed a high level in Ang-II-stimulated HASMCs and AAA mice. FGF21 depletion ameliorated abdominal aorta dilation and Ang-II-triggered pathological changes in mice. FGF21 silencing hindered autophagy and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS FGF21 contributes to AAA progression by enhancing autophagy and activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Tianwei Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Jianfeng Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Huan Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Ke Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qin YY, Feng S, Zhang XD, Peng B. Screening of traditional Chinese medicine monomers as ribonucleotide reductase M2 inhibitors for tumor treatment. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:11299-11312. [PMID: 36387821 PMCID: PMC9649558 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i31.11299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is a key enzyme in tumor proliferation, especially its subunit-RRM2. Although there are multiple therapeutics for tumors, they all have certain limitations. Given their advantages, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers have become an important source of anti-tumor drugs. Therefore, screening and analysis of TCM monomers with RRM2 inhibition can provide a reference for further anti-tumor drug development.
AIM To screen and analyze potential anti-tumor TCM monomers with a good binding capacity to RRM2.
METHODS The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database was used to analyze the level of RRM2 gene expression in normal and tumor tissues as well as RRM2's effect on the overall survival rate of tumor patients. TCM monomers that potentially act on RRM2 were screened via literature mining. Using AutoDock software, the screened monomers were docked with the RRM2 protein.
RESULTS The expression of RRM2 mRNA in multiple tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, and it was negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of patients with the majority of tumor types. Through literature mining, we discovered that berberine, ursolic acid, gambogic acid, cinobufagin, quercetin, daphnetin, and osalmide have inhibitory effects on RRM2. The results of molecular docking identified that the above TCM monomers have a strong binding capacity with RRM2 protein, which mainly interacted through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic force. The main binding sites were Arg330, Tyr323, Ser263, and Met350.
CONCLUSION RRM2 is an important tumor therapeutic target. The TCM monomers screened have a good binding capacity with the RRM2 protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ya Qin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Song Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Peng
- School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu W, Fang X, Wu L, Hu W, Yang T. Neogambogic acid relieves myocardial injury induced by sepsis via p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:511-518. [PMID: 36302625 PMCID: PMC9614397 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.6.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated myocardial injury, an invertible myocardial depression, is a common complication of sepsis. Neogambogic acid is an active compound in garcinia and exerts anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification properties. The role of neogambogic acid in sepsis-associated myocardial injury was assessed. Firstly, mice were pretreated with neogambogic acid and then subjected to lipopolysaccharide treatment to induce sepsis. Results showed that lipopolysaccharide treatment induced up-regulation of biomarkers involved in cardiac injury, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and troponin I (cTnI). However, pretreatment with neogambogic acid reduced levels of LDH, CK-MB, and cTnI, and ameliorated histopathological changes in the heart tissues of septic mice. Secondly, neogambogic acid also improved cardiac function in septic mice through reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and enhancement of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and left ventricular systolic mean pressure. Moreover, neogambogic acid suppressed cardiac apoptosis and inflammation in septic mice and reduced cardiac fibrosis. Lastly, protein expression of p-p38, p-JNK, and p-NF-κB in septic mice was decreased by neogambogic acid. In conclusion, neogambogic acid exerted anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, and anti-inflammatory effects in septic mice through the inactivation of MAPK/NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fu
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Xiaowei Fang
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Lidong Wu
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Weijuan Hu
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Liao Y, Liu C, Zhou H, Chen G, Lu W, Huang Z. Identification of a miRSNP Regulatory Axis in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by a Network and Pathway-Based Integrative Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8776566. [PMID: 36275900 PMCID: PMC9586150 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8776566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) refers to local abnormal expansion of the abdominal aorta and mostly occurs in elderly men. MicroRNA (miRNA) is single-stranded RNA consisting of 18-25 nucleotides. It plays a key role in posttranscriptional gene expression and in the regulation of human functions and disease development. miRNA exerts its function mainly through the binding of complementary base pairs to the 3' regulatory region of mRNA transcripts. Therefore, miRNA-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (miRSNPs) can affect miRNA expression and processing kinetics. miRSNPs can be classified based on their location: miRSNPs within miRNA-producing genes and miRSNPs within miRNA target genes. Increasing evidence indicates that miRSNPs play an important role in the pathogenic kinetics of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to identify potential miRNAs and integrate them into a miRSNP-based disease-related pathway network, the results of which are of great significance to the interpretation of the potential mechanisms and functions of miRSNPs in the pathogenesis of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenrong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Yanfen Liao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second People's Hospital of Panyu Guangzhou, Guangdong 511470, China
| | - Changsong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Haobin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Gui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Weiling Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, 49th, Grand Highway, 341000 Ganzhou, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Pioglitazone on Traumatic Brain Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:9860855. [PMID: 35757108 PMCID: PMC9232315 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9860855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still a major cause of concern for public health, and out of all the trauma-related injuries, it makes the highest contribution to death and disability worldwide. Patients of TBI continue to suffer from brain injury through an intricate flow of primary and secondary injury events. However, when treatment is provided in a timely manner, there is a significant window of opportunity to avoid a few of the serious effects. Pioglitazone (PG), which has a neuroprotective impact and can decrease inflammation after TBI, activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). The objective of the study is to examine the existing literature to assess the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory impact of PG in TBI. It also discusses the part played by microglia and cytokines in TBI. According to the findings of this study, PG has the ability to enhance neurobehavior, decrease brain edema and neuronal injury following TBI. To achieve the protective impact of PG the following was required: (1) stimulating PPARγ; (2) decreasing oxidative stress; (3) decreasing nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) expression; (4) limiting the increase in the number of activated microglia; and (5) reducing mitochondrial dysfunction. The findings indicate that when PIG is used clinically, it may serve as a neuroprotective anti-inflammatory approach in TBI.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu Y, Jiang D, Zhang H, Yin F, Guo P, Zhang X, Bian C, Chen C, Li S, Yin Y, Böckler D, Zhang J, Han Y. N1-Methyladenosine (m1A) Regulation Associated With the Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Through YTHDF3 Modulating Macrophage Polarization. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:883155. [PMID: 35620523 PMCID: PMC9127271 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.883155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to identify key AAA-related m1A RNA methylation regulators and their association with immune infiltration in AAA. Furthermore, we aimed to explore the mechanism that m1A regulators modulate the functions of certain immune cells as well as the downstream target genes, participating in the progression of AAA. Methods Based on the gene expression profiles of the GSE47472 and GSE98278 datasets, differential expression analysis focusing on m1A regulators was performed on the combined dataset to identify differentially expressed m1A regulatory genes (DEMRGs). Additionally, CIBERSORT tool was utilized in the analysis of the immune infiltration landscape and its correlation with DEMRGs. Moreover, we validated the expression levels of DEMRGs in human AAA tissues by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was also applied in the validation of cellular localization of YTHDF3 in AAA tissues. Furthermore, we established LPS/IFN-γ induced M1 macrophages and ythdf3 knockdown macrophages in vitro, to explore the relationship between YTHDF3 and macrophage polarization. At last, RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-Seq) combined with PPI network analysis was used to predict the target genes of YTHDF3 in AAA progression. Results Eight DEMRGs were identified in our study, including YTHDC1, YTHDF1-3, RRP8, TRMT61A as up-regulated genes and FTO, ALKBH1 as down-regulated genes. The immune infiltration analysis showed these DEMRGs were positively correlated with activated mast cells, plasma cells and M1 macrophages in AAA. RT-qPCR analysis also verified the up-regulated expression levels of YTHDC1, YTHDF1, and YTHDF3 in human AAA tissues. Besides, IF staining result in AAA adventitia indicated the localization of YTHDF3 in macrophages. Moreover, our in-vitro experiments found that the knockdown of ythdf3 in M0 macrophages inhibits macrophage M1 polarization but promotes macrophage M2 polarization. Eventually, 30 key AAA-related target genes of YTHDF3 were predicted, including CD44, mTOR, ITGB1, STAT3, etc. Conclusion Our study reveals that m1A regulation is significantly associated with the pathogenesis of human AAA. The m1A “reader,” YTHDF3, may participate in the modulating of macrophage polarization that promotes aortic inflammation, and influence AAA progression by regulating the expression of its target genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Deying Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Fanxing Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Panpan Guo
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Ce Bian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shuixin Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Yuhan Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Dittmar Böckler
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Zhang
| | - Yanshuo Han
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
- Yanshuo Han ; orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-2998
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen J, Li L, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Chen L. Gambogic acid ameliorates high glucose- and palmitic acid-induced inflammatory response in ARPE-19 cells via activating Nrf2 signaling pathway: ex vivo. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:367-375. [PMID: 33245515 PMCID: PMC7925800 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes. Gambogic acid has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effect. However, the effect of GA on inflammatory response of ARPE-19 cells remains unclear. In our study, ARPE-19 cells were stimulated by palmitic acid (PA) induction in the presence of 30 mM glucose and then treated with 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, or 20 μM GA. CCK-8 assay showed that cell viability was increased by GA treatment at doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 μM instead of higher doses. ELISA analysis found that GA dose-dependently reduced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-1β. Western blot indicated that GA downregulated the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components including TXNIP, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and cleaved-IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis suggested that GA effectively increased the protein level of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). RT-qPCR showed that GA significantly increased the mRNA levels of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase1 (NQO1). Furthermore, Nrf2 siRNA transfection confirmed the above effects of GA. In total, subtoxic doses of GA significantly flattened the inflammatory response induced by HG and PA in ARPE-19 cells via modulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tian Y, Li X, Bai C, Yang Z, Zhang L, Luo J. MiR-17-5p promotes the endothelialization of endothelial progenitor cells to facilitate the vascular repair of aneurysm by regulating PTEN-mediated PI3K/AKT/VEGFA pathway. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:3608-3621. [PMID: 33315517 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1857958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelialization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) was proven to facilitate the vascular repair of aneurysm. MiR-17-5p regulated angiogenesis in various cancers. This research focused on exploring the effect of miR-17-5p on EPCs and the vascular repair of aneurysm. In vivo study: the aneurysm rat model was established and treated with AgomiR-17-5p; the histopathology of aneurysm tissues was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining; and the level of EPCs in the aneurysm tissues and peripheral blood of rats were evaluated by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, respectively. In vitro study: EPCs were cultured and identified using flow cytometry; the target of miR-17-5p was proven by dual-luciferase reporter assay; after transfection, the viability, migration, and tube formation of the EPCs were detected by MTT, wound healing, and tube formation assays, respectively; the expressions of VEGFA and factors related to PTEN-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway were detected by ELISA, qPCR, or Western blot as needed. In vivo study: miR-17-5p overexpression promoted the vascular repair in aneurysm rats and increased the level of EPCs in the aneurysm tissues and peripheral blood of the rats. In vitro study: miR-17-5p overexpression promoted the viability, migration, and tube formation of EPCs, up-regulated the expressions of VEGFA, p-PI3K, and p-AKT, and down-regulated the PTEN expression in EPCs; miR-17-5p silencing did the opposite; PTEN was targeted by miR-17-3p and further abrogated the effects of miR-17-5p overexpression on EPCs. MiR-17-5p promoted the endothelialization of EPCs to facilitate the vascular repair of aneurysm by regulating PTEN-mediated PI3K/AKT/VEGFA pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Vascular and Thyroid Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi City, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Xinxi Li
- Vascular and Thyroid Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi City, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Chao Bai
- Vascular and Thyroid Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi City, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Vascular and Thyroid Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi City, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Vascular and Thyroid Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi City, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Vascular and Thyroid Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi City, Xinjiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Deng Y, Jiang X, Deng X, Chen H, Xu J, Zhang Z, Liu G, Yong Z, Yuan C, Sun X, Wang C. Pioglitazone ameliorates neuronal damage after traumatic brain injury via the PPARγ/NF-κB/IL-6 signaling pathway. Genes Dis 2020; 7:253-265. [PMID: 32215295 PMCID: PMC7083749 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the major cause of high mortality and disability rates worldwide. Pioglitazone is an activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) that can reduce inflammation following TBI. Clinically, neuroinflammation after TBI lacks effective treatment. Although there are many studies on PPARγ in TBI animals, only few could be converted into clinical, since TBI mechanisms in humans and animals are not completely consistent. The present study, provided a potential theoretical basis and therapeutic target for neuroinflammation treatment after TBI. First, we detected interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO) and Caspase-3 in TBI clinical specimens, confirming a presence of a high expression of inflammatory factors. Western blot (WB), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect PPARγ, IL-6, and p-NF-κB to identify the mechanisms of neuroinflammation. Then, in the rat TBI model, neurobehavioral and cerebral edema levels were investigated after intervention with pioglitazone (PPARγ activator) or T0070907 (PPARγ inhibitor), and PPARγ, IL-6 and p-NF-κB were detected again by qRT-PCR, WB and immunofluorescence (IF). The obtained results revealed that: 1) increased expression of IL-6, NO and Caspase-3 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients after TBI, and decreased PPARγ in brain tissue; 2) pioglitazone could improve neurobehavioral and reduce brain edema in rats after TBI; 3) the protective effect of pioglitazone was achieved by activating PPARγ and reducing NF-κB and IL-6. The neuroprotective effect of pioglitazone on TBI was mediated through the PPARγ/NF-κB/IL-6 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbing Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery of the Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Jiankang Road #1, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Zhaosi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Geli Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Zhu Yong
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, PR China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Changdong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road #1, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lambrou GI, Hatziagapiou K, Vlahopoulos S. Inflammation and tissue homeostasis: the NF-κB system in physiology and malignant progression. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4047-4063. [PMID: 32239468 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05410-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of tissue function activates cellular stress which triggers a number of mechanisms that protect the tissue from further damage. These mechanisms involve a number of homeostatic modules, which are regulated at the level of gene expression by the transactivator NF-κB. This transcription factor shifts between activation and repression of discrete, cell-dependent gene expression clusters. Some of its target genes provide feedback to NF-κB itself, thereby strengthening the inflammatory response of the tissue and later terminating inflammation to facilitate restoration of tissue homeostasis. Disruption of key feedback modules for NF-κB in certain cell types facilitates the survival of clones with genomic aberrations, and protects them from being recognized and eliminated by the immune system, to enable thereby carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George I Lambrou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527, Goudi-Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Hatziagapiou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527, Goudi-Athens, Greece
| | - Spiros Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527, Goudi-Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tingting T, Wenjing F, Qian Z, Hengquan W, Simin Z, Zhisheng J, Shunlin Q. The TGF-β pathway plays a key role in aortic aneurysms. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 501:222-228. [PMID: 31707165 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aortic dissection and aortic aneurysms are currently among the most high-risk cardiovascular diseases due to their rapid onset and high mortality. Although aneurysm research has been extensive, the pathogenesis remains unknown. Studies have found that the TGF-β/Smad pathway and aneurysm formation appear linked. For example, the TGF-β signaling pathway was significantly activated in aneurysm development and aortic dissection. Aneurysms are not, however, mitigated following knockdown of TGF-β signaling pathway-related genes. Incidence and mortality rate of ruptured thoracic aneurysms increase with the down-regulation of the classical TGF-β signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize recent findings and evaluate the differential role of classical and non-classical TGF-β pathways on aortic aneurysm. It is postulated that the TGF-β signaling pathway is necessary to maintain vascular function, but over-activation will promote aneurysms whereas over-inhibition will lead to bypass pathway over-activation and promote aneurysm occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tang Tingting
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Fan Wenjing
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China; Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Zeng Qian
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Wan Hengquan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Zhao Simin
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Jiang Zhisheng
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Qu Shunlin
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|