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Zhang C, Wang W, Du C, Li H, Zhou K, Luan Z, Chang Y, Liu S, Wei Y. Autophagy in the pharmacological activities of celastrol (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:268. [PMID: 37206564 PMCID: PMC10189746 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, a natural compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, possesses broad-spectrum pharmacological properties. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process through which cytoplasmic cargo is delivered to the lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy dysregulation contributes to multiple pathological processes. Therefore, targeting autophagic activity is a promising therapy for various diseases, as well as a drug-development strategy. According to previous studies, autophagy is specifically targeted and may be altered in response to celastrol treatment, highlighting that autophagy modulation is an important mechanism underlying the therapeutic efficacy of celastrol for the treatment of various diseases. The present study summarizes the currently available information regarding the role of autophagy in the effect of celastrol to exert anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-pulmonary fibrosis and anti-macular degeneration activities. The diverse signaling pathways involved are also analyzed to provide insight into the mechanisms of action of celastrol and thereby pave the way for establishing celastrol as an efficacious autophagy modulator in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Weiyan Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Chenhui Du
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Li
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Shanxi Institute of Energy, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030600, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Luan
- Experimental Management Center, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Yinxia Chang
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Shan Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Yanming Wei, College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Street, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, P.R. China
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2
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Yan Z, Chen Q, Xia Y. Oxidative Stress Contributes to Inflammatory and Cellular Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Cellular Markers and Molecular Mechanism. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:453-465. [PMID: 36761905 PMCID: PMC9907008 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s399284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with complex pathogenesis, the treatment of which relies exclusively on the use of immunosuppressants. Increased oxidative stress is involved in causing inflammatory and cellular defects in the pathogenesis of SLE. Various inflammatory and cellular markers including oxidative modifications of proteins, lipids, and DNA contribute to immune system dysregulation and trigger an aggressive autoimmune attack through molecular mechanisms like enhanced NETosis, mTOR pathway activation, and imbalanced T-cell differentiation. Accordingly, the detection of inflammatory and cellular markers is important for providing an accurate assessment of the extent of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress also reduces DNA methylation, thus allowing the increased expression of affected genes. As a result, pharmacological approaches targeting oxidative stress yield promising results in treating patients with SLE. The purpose of this review is to examine the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and management of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yumin Xia, Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-29-87679969, Email
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3
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Kim NH, Kwon M, Jung J, Chae HB, Lee J, Yoon YJ, Moon IS, Lee HK, Namkung W, Stankovic KM, Lee SA, Lee JD, Park SA. Celastrol suppresses the growth of vestibular schwannoma in mice by promoting the degradation of β-catenin. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2993-3001. [PMID: 35478244 PMCID: PMC9622805 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular schwannoma (VS), one of characteristic tumors of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), is an intracranial tumor that arises from Schwann cells of the vestibular nerve. VS results in hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, and even death, but there are currently no FDA-approved drugs for treatment. In this study, we established a high-throughput screening to discover effective compounds that could inhibit the viability of VS cells. Among 1019 natural products from the Korea Chemical Bank screened, we found that celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpene derived from a Tripterygium Wilfordi plant, exerted potent inhibitory effect on the viability of VS cells with an IC50 value of 0.5 µM. Celastrol (0.5, 1 µM) dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of primary VS cells derived from VS patients. Celastrol also inhibited the growth, and induced apoptosis of two other VS cell lines (HEI-193 and SC4). Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been found in VS isolated from clinically defined NF2 patients. In HEI-193 and SC4 cells, we demonstrated that celastrol (0.1, 0.5 μM) dose-dependently inhibited TOPFlash reporter activity and protein expression of β-catenin, but not mRNA level of β-catenin. Furthermore, celastrol accelerated the degradation of β-catenin by promoting the formation of the β-catenin destruction complex. In nude mice bearing VS cell line SC4 allografts, administration of celastrol (1.25 mg · kg-1 · d-1, i.p. once every 3 days for 2 weeks) significantly suppressed the tumor growth without showing toxicity. Collectively, this study demonstrates that celastrol can inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling by promoting the degradation of β-catenin, consequently inhibiting the growth of VS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Hui Kim
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kwon
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Jung
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Byeong Chae
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jun Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - In Seok Moon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho K Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Namkung
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Se A Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Dae Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sin-Aye Park
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Yao J, Ma C, Feng K, Tan G, Wen Q. Focusing on the Role of Natural Products in Overcoming Cancer Drug Resistance: An Autophagy-Based Perspective. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1565. [PMID: 36358919 PMCID: PMC9687214 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a critical cellular adaptive response in tumor formation. Nutritional deficiency and hypoxia exacerbate autophagic flux in established malignancies, promoting tumor cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, and resistance to therapeutic interventions. Pro-survival autophagy inhibition may be a promising treatment option for advanced cancer. Furthermore, excessive or persistent autophagy is cytotoxic, resulting in tumor cell death. Targeted autophagy activation has also shown significant promise in the fight against tumor drug resistance. Several research groups have examined the ability of natural products (NPs) such as alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, and anthraquinones to serve as autophagy inhibitors or activators. The data support the capacity of NPs that promote lethal autophagy or inhibit pro-survival autophagy from being employed against tumor drug resistance. This paper discusses the potential applications of NPs that regulate autophagy in the fight against tumor drug resistance, some limitations of the current studies, and future research needs and priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Kaixuan Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Guang Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Qingping Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
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Al-Bari MAA, Ito Y, Ahmed S, Radwan N, Ahmed HS, Eid N. Targeting Autophagy with Natural Products as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9807. [PMID: 34575981 PMCID: PMC8467030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macro-autophagy (autophagy) is a highly conserved eukaryotic intracellular process of self-digestion caused by lysosomes on demand, which is upregulated as a survival strategy upon exposure to various stressors, such as metabolic insults, cytotoxic drugs, and alcohol abuse. Paradoxically, autophagy dysfunction also contributes to cancer and aging. It is well known that regulating autophagy by targeting specific regulatory molecules in its machinery can modulate multiple disease processes. Therefore, autophagy represents a significant pharmacological target for drug development and therapeutic interventions in various diseases, including cancers. According to the framework of autophagy, the suppression or induction of autophagy can exert therapeutic properties through the promotion of cell death or cell survival, which are the two main events targeted by cancer therapies. Remarkably, natural products have attracted attention in the anticancer drug discovery field, because they are biologically friendly and have potential therapeutic effects. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date knowledge regarding natural products that can modulate autophagy in various cancers. These findings will provide a new position to exploit more natural compounds as potential novel anticancer drugs and will lead to a better understanding of molecular pathways by targeting the various autophagy stages of upcoming cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2–7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki 569-8686, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Samrein Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, College of Health and Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK;
| | - Nada Radwan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Hend S. Ahmed
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Omdurman Ahlia University, Khartoum 786, Sudan;
| | - Nabil Eid
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
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Razeghian E, Suksatan W, Sulaiman Rahman H, Bokov DO, Abdelbasset WK, Hassanzadeh A, Marofi F, Yazdanifar M, Jarahian M. Harnessing TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis Pathway for Cancer Immunotherapy and Associated Challenges. Front Immunol 2021; 12:699746. [PMID: 34489946 PMCID: PMC8417882 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.699746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune cytokine tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has attracted rapidly evolving attention as a cancer treatment modality because of its competence to selectively eliminate tumor cells without instigating toxicity in vivo. TRAIL has revealed encouraging promise in preclinical reports in animal models as a cancer treatment option; however, the foremost constraint of the TRAIL therapy is the advancement of TRAIL resistance through a myriad of mechanisms in tumor cells. Investigations have documented that improvement of the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and survival or proliferation involved signaling pathways concurrently suppressing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins along with down-regulation of expression of TRAILR1 and TRAILR2, also known as death receptor 4 and 5 (DR4/5) are reliable for tumor cells resistance to TRAIL. Therefore, it seems that the development of a therapeutic approach for overcoming TRAIL resistance is of paramount importance. Studies currently have shown that combined treatment with anti-tumor agents, ranging from synthetic agents to natural products, and TRAIL could result in induction of apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant cells. Also, human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) engineered to generate and deliver TRAIL can provide both targeted and continued delivery of this apoptosis-inducing cytokine. Similarly, nanoparticle (NPs)-based TRAIL delivery offers novel platforms to defeat barricades to TRAIL therapeutic delivery. In the current review, we will focus on underlying mechanisms contributed to inducing resistance to TRAIL in tumor cells, and also discuss recent findings concerning the therapeutic efficacy of combined treatment of TRAIL with other antitumor compounds, and also TRAIL-delivery using human MSCs and NPs to overcome tumor cells resistance to TRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Razeghian
- Human Genetics Division, Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Suleimanyah, Suleimanyah, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | - Dmitry O. Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Yazdanifar
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Mostafa Jarahian
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wang LF, Wu LP, Wen JD. LncRNA AC079630.4 expression associated with the progression and prognosis in lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:18658-18668. [PMID: 34282054 PMCID: PMC8351710 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence has demonstrated the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development and progression of lung cancer. In this study, we combined the methods of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, and aim to investigate the clinical significance and underlying mechanism of the novel lncRNA AC079630.4 in lung cancer. Finally, we found that AC079630.4 was significantly down-regulated in lung cancer tissues, including in its subtypes. Samples with low AC079630.4 expression had a more advanced pathological stage and a worse prognosis than those with high expression. In functional prediction, the KEGG pathway of apoptosis and the TRAIL signaling pathway were enriched in the samples with high AC079630.4 expression. In experimental validation, AC079630.4 over-expression could significantly inhibit the proliferation and clonality, and up-regulated the receptors of TRAIL (TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2) in lung cancer cells. In conclusion, we adopted the methods of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, and identified a novel lncRNA of AC079630.4 as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Wang
- Drug Clinical Trial Office, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Li-Ping Wu
- Drug Clinical Trial Office, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jian-Dong Wen
- Drug Clinical Trial Office, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
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Yang L, Wang Z. Natural Products, Alone or in Combination with FDA-Approved Drugs, to Treat COVID-19 and Lung Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:689. [PMID: 34207313 PMCID: PMC8234041 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a public health emergency of international concern, the highly contagious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been identified as a severe threat to the lives of billions of individuals. Lung cancer, a malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate, has brought significant challenges to both human health and economic development. Natural products may play a pivotal role in treating lung diseases. We reviewed published studies relating to natural products, used alone or in combination with US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs, active against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and lung cancer from 1 January 2020 to 31 May 2021. A wide range of natural products can be considered promising anti-COVID-19 or anti-lung cancer agents have gained widespread attention, including natural products as monotherapy for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (ginkgolic acid, shiraiachrome A, resveratrol, and baicalein) or lung cancer (daurisoline, graveospene A, deguelin, and erianin) or in combination with FDA-approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents (cepharanthine plus nelfinavir, linoleic acid plus remdesivir) and anti-lung cancer agents (curcumin and cisplatin, celastrol and gefitinib). Natural products have demonstrated potential value and with the assistance of nanotechnology, combination drug therapies, and the codrug strategy, this "natural remedy" could serve as a starting point for further drug development in treating these lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China;
| | - Zhonglei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Shi J, Li J, Xu Z, Chen L, Luo R, Zhang C, Gao F, Zhang J, Fu C. Celastrol: A Review of Useful Strategies Overcoming its Limitation in Anticancer Application. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:558741. [PMID: 33364939 PMCID: PMC7751759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.558741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, a natural bioactive ingredient derived from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, exhibits significant broad-spectrum anticancer activities for the treatment of a variety of cancers including liver cancer, breast cancer, prostate tumor, multiple myeloma, glioma, etc. However, the poor water stability, low bioavailability, narrow therapeutic window, and undesired side effects greatly limit its clinical application. To address this issue, some strategies were employed to improve the anticancer efficacy and reduce the side-effects of celastrol. The present review comprehensively focuses on the various challenges associated with the anticancer efficiency and drug delivery of celastrol, and the useful approaches including combination therapy, structural derivatives and nano/micro-systems development. The specific advantages for the use of celastrol mediated by these strategies are presented. Moreover, the challenges and future research directions are also discussed. Based on this review, it would provide a reference to develop a natural anticancer compound for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruifeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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10
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Natural Product Mediated Regulation of Death Receptors and Intracellular Machinery: Fresh from the Pipeline about TRAIL-Mediated Signaling and Natural TRAIL Sensitizers. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082010. [PMID: 31022877 PMCID: PMC6515249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly developing resistance against different therapeutics is a major stumbling block in the standardization of therapy. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated signaling has emerged as one of the most highly and extensively studied signal transduction cascade that induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Rapidly emerging cutting-edge research has helped us to develop a better understanding of the signaling machinery involved in inducing apoptotic cell death. However, excitingly, cancer cells develop resistance against TRAIL-induced apoptosis through different modes. Loss of cell surface expression of TRAIL receptors and imbalance of stoichiometric ratios of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins play instrumental roles in rewiring the machinery of cancer cells to develop resistance against TRAIL-based therapeutics. Natural products have shown excellent potential to restore apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant cancer cell lines and in mice xenografted with TRAIL-resistant cancer cells. Significantly refined information has previously been added and continues to enrich the existing pool of knowledge related to the natural-product-mediated upregulation of death receptors, rebalancing of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in different cancers. In this mini review, we will set spotlight on the most recently published high-impact research related to underlying mechanisms of TRAIL resistance and how these deregulations can be targeted by natural products to restore TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in different cancers.
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11
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Gao Y, Zhou S, Pang L, Yang J, Li HJ, Huo X, Qian SY. Celastrol suppresses nitric oxide synthases and the angiogenesis pathway in colorectal cancer. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:324-334. [PMID: 30773944 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1575512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F) is traditionally used for inflammation-related diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. In recent years, celastrol (a natural compound from the root of the thunder god vine) has attracted great interest for its potential anticancer activities. The free radical nitric oxide (NO) is known to play a critical role in colorectal cancer growth by promoting tumour angiogenesis. However, how celastrol influences the NO pathway and its mechanism against colorectal cancer is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of celastrol on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the angiogenesis pathway in colorectal cancer. Our data show that celastrol inhibited HT-29 and HCT116 cell proliferation, migration, and NOS activity in the cytoplasm. The antiproliferation activity of celastrol was associated with the inhibition of iNOS and eNOS in colorectal cancer cells. Treatment with celastrol inhibited colorectal cancer cell growth and migration, and was associated with suppression of the expression of key genes (TYMP, CDH5, THBS2, LEP, MMP9, and TNF) and proteins (IL-1b, MMP-9, PDGF, Serpin E1, and TIMP-4) involved in the angiogenesis pathway. In addition, combinational use of celastrol with 5-fluorouracil, salinomycin, 1400 W, and L-NIO showed enhanced inhibition of colorectal cancer cell proliferation and migration. In sum, our study suggests that celastrol could suppress colorectal cancer cell growth and migration, likely through suppressing NOS activity and inhibiting the angiogenesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Gao
- a Department of Anesthesiology , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- b Department of Neurosurgery , Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott and White Health , Temple , USA
| | - Lizhi Pang
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , North Dakota State University , Fargo , USA
| | - Juechen Yang
- d Department of Computer Science , North Dakota State University , Fargo , USA
| | - Han John Li
- e Department of Pharmacy , Medical Center Hospital , Odessa , USA
| | - Xiongwei Huo
- f Department of General Surgery , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, China
| | - Steven Y Qian
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , North Dakota State University , Fargo , USA
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