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Wang L, Sun H, Cao L, Wang J. Role of HOXA1-4 in the development of genetic and malignant diseases. Biomark Res 2024; 12:18. [PMID: 38311789 PMCID: PMC10840290 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The HOXA genes, belonging to the HOX family, encompass 11 members (HOXA1-11) and exert critical functions in early embryonic development, as well as various adult processes. Furthermore, dysregulation of HOXA genes is implicated in genetic diseases, heart disease, and various cancers. In this comprehensive overview, we primarily focused on the HOXA1-4 genes and their associated functions and diseases. Emphasis was placed on elucidating the impact of abnormal expression of these genes and highlighting their significance in maintaining optimal health and their involvement in the development of genetic and malignant diseases. Furthermore, we delved into their regulatory mechanisms, functional roles, and underlying biology and explored the therapeutic potential of targeting HOXA1-4 genes for the treatment of malignancies. Additionally, we explored the utility of HOXA1-4 genes as biomarkers for monitoring cancer recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Wang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haifeng Sun
- The Third Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
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Yang R, Zhang G, Dong Z, Wang S, Li Y, Lian F, Liu X, Li H, Wei X, Cui H. Homeobox A3 and KDM6A cooperate in transcriptional control of aerobic glycolysis and glioblastoma progression. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:635-647. [PMID: 36215227 PMCID: PMC10076951 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in transcriptional regulators of glycolytic metabolism have been implicated in brain tumor growth, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. METHODS Knockdown and overexpression cells were used to explore the functional roles of HOXA3 in cell proliferation, tumor formation, and aerobic glycolysis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase assays, and western blotting were performed to verify the regulation of HK2 and PKM2 by HOXA3. PLA, Immunoprecipitation, and GST-pull-down assays were used to examine the interaction of HOXA3 and KDM6A. RESULTS We report that transcription factor homeobox A3 (HOXA3), which is aberrantly highly expressed in glioblastoma (GBM) patients and predicts poor prognosis, transcriptionally activates aerobic glycolysis, leading to a significant acceleration in cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanically, we identified KDM6A, a lysine-specific demethylase, as an important cooperator of HOXA3 in regulating aerobic glycolysis. HOXA3 activates KDM6A transcription and recruits KDM6A to genomic binding sites of glycolytic genes, targeting glycolytic genes for transcriptional activation by removing the suppressive histone modification H3K27 trimethylation. Further evidence demonstrates that HOXA3 requires KDM6A for transcriptional activation of aerobic glycolysis and brain tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide a novel molecular mechanism linking HOXA3-mediated transactivation and KDM6A-coupled H3K27 demethylation in regulating glucose metabolism and GBM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Fuming Lian
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Xiaoran Liu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Xiaonan Wei
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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Wu M, Guo Q, Liu X, Wu L. SPRR3, a novel miR‑338‑3p target, regulates the malignant progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma in vitro via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:317. [PMID: 35350667 PMCID: PMC8943802 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of renal cell carcinoma and has a poor prognosis. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of small proline-rich repeat protein 3 (SPRR3) in the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells and to investigate its upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms. Survival analysis was performed using the UALCAN website based on the The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Normal renal cell line HK-2 and ccRCC cell lines (786-O, CaKi-1 and UMRC-2) were used. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) levels. Western blotting was used to detect protein levels. Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays, a wound healing assay and a Transwell invasion assay were used to assess the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells, respectively. Transfection of overexpression plasmids and small interfering RNAs were used to upregulate and knockdown SPRR3 expression, respectively. Transfection of miRNA-mimics was used to overexpress miR-338-3p. A luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the predicted binding relationship between SPRR3 mRNA and miR-338-3p. The results indicated the following: i) SPRR3 was a risk factor for the survival of patients with ccRCC, and was upregulated in ccRCC cell lines; ii) SPRR3 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells; iii) SPRR3 regulated the tumor phenotypes of ccRCC cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway; iv) miR-338-3p directly targeted SPRR3 mRNA and negatively regulated SPRR3 expression; and v) miR-338-3p inhibited the PI3K/Akt pathway and the tumor phenotypes of ccRCC cells by downregulating SPRR3. In conclusion, SPRR3, as a novel target of miR-338-3p, regulated the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway; this finding not only enriches our understanding of the mechanism underlying ccRCC development, but also demonstrates a potential novel therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Liu
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130052, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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