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Hara H, Maemura S, Fujiwara T, Takeda N, Ishii S, Yagi H, Suzuki T, Harada M, Toko H, Kanaya T, Ijichi H, Moses HL, Takimoto E, Morita H, Akazawa H, Komuro I. Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β signaling in myeloid cells ameliorates aortic aneurysmal formation in Marfan syndrome. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239908. [PMID: 33175881 PMCID: PMC7657512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling contributes to the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome (MFS). Recent reports indicate that a small but significant number of inflammatory cells are infiltrated into the aortic media and adventitia in MFS. However, little is known about the contribution of myeloid cells to aortic aneurysmal formation. In this study, we ablated the TGF-β type II receptor gene Tgfbr2 in myeloid cells of Fbn1C1039G/+ MFS mice (Fbn1C1039G/+;LysM-Cre/+;Tgfbr2fl/fl mice, hereinafter called Fbn1C1039G/+;Tgfbr2MyeKO) and evaluated macrophage infiltration and TGF-β signaling in the aorta. Aneurysmal formation with fragmentation and disarray of medial elastic fibers observed in MFS mice was significantly ameliorated in Fbn1C1039G/+;Tgfbr2MyeKO mice. In the aorta of Fbn1C1039G/+;Tgfbr2MyeKO mice, both canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signals were attenuated and the number of infiltrated F4/80-positive macrophages was significantly reduced. In vitro, TGF-β enhanced the migration capacity of RAW264.7 macrophages. These findings suggest that TGF-β signaling in myeloid cells promotes aortic aneurysmal formation and its inhibition might be a novel therapeutic target in MFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Hara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sonoko Maemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norifumi Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiro Toko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Translational Research and Medicine in Management of Pulmonary Hypertension, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Kanaya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Ijichi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harold L. Moses
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akazawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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The Administration of 4-Hexylresorcinol Accelerates Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Increases the Expression Level of Bone Turnover Markers in Ovariectomized Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041526. [PMID: 32102282 PMCID: PMC7073238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical methods for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement are limited by possible damage to the tooth root and patient discomfort. 4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) has been shown to increase bone remodeling and may potentially facilitate tooth movement. This study investigated the (1) effect of 4HR administration on osteoblast-like cells and (2) effect of 4HR administration on tooth movement in ovariectomized rats. Saos-2 cells were treated with either 4HR or solvent (control). Protein expression levels were investigated 2, 8, and 24 h after treatment. Thirty ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two experimental groups (A and B) and one control group. After installation of an orthodontic tooth movement device, groups A and B received subcutaneous weekly injections of 4HR (1.28 and 128 mg/kg). Micro-computerized tomography and histological analyses were performed after 2 weeks of tooth movement. The application of 4HR elevated expression of osteogenic markers in Saos-2 cells. Movement of the first molars was significantly greater in rats administered 4HR. Furthermore, the expression of bone morphogenic protein-2, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, osteocalcin, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase were increased after 4HR administration. 4HR application demonstrated increased expression of osteogenic markers in Saos-2 cells and accelerated orthodontic tooth movement in rats.
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