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Hayashi Y, Millen JC, Ramos RI, Linehan JA, Wilson TG, Hoon DSB, Bustos MA. Cell-free and extracellular vesicle microRNAs with clinical utility for solid tumors. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 39129372 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
As cutting-edge technologies applied for the study of body fluid molecular biomarkers are continuously evolving, clinical applications of these biomarkers improve. Diverse forms of circulating molecular biomarkers have been described, including cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and cell-free microRNAs (cfmiRs), although unresolved issues remain in their applicability, specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Translational studies demonstrating the clinical utility and importance of cfmiRs in multiple cancers have significantly increased. This review aims to summarize the last 5 years of translational cancer research in the field of cfmiRs and their potential clinical applications to diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring disease recurrence or treatment responses with a focus on solid tumors. PubMed was utilized for the literature search, following rigorous exclusion criteria for studies based on tumor types, patient sample size, and clinical applications. A total of 136 studies on cfmiRs in different solid tumors were identified and divided based on tumor types, organ sites, number of cfmiRs found, methodology, and types of biofluids analyzed. This comprehensive review emphasizes clinical applications of cfmiRs and summarizes underserved areas where more research and validations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Hayashi
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Janelle-Cheri Millen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Romela Irene Ramos
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Linehan
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Timothy G Wilson
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
- Department of Genome Sequencing Center, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Matias A Bustos
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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Razavinia A, Razavinia A, Jamshidi Khalife Lou R, Ghavami M, Shahri F, Tafazoli A, Khalesi B, Hashemi ZS, Khalili S. Exosomes as novel tools for renal cell carcinoma therapy, diagnosis, and prognosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32875. [PMID: 38948044 PMCID: PMC11211897 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) stands as a formidable challenge within the field of oncology, despite considerable research endeavors. The advanced stages of this malignancy present formidable barriers to effective treatment and management. Objective This review aims to explore the potential of exosomes in addressing the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with RCC. Specifically, it investigates the role of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic vehicles in the context of RCC management. Methods For this review article, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, employing relevant keywords to identify research articles pertinent to the objectives of the review. Initially, 200 articles were identified, which underwent screening to remove duplicates and assess relevance based on titles and abstracts, followed by a detailed examination of full texts. From the selected articles, relevant data were extracted and synthesized to address the review's objectives. The conclusions were drawn based on a thorough analysis of the findings. The quality was ensured through independent review and resolution of discrepancies among multiple reviewers. Results Exosomes demonstrate potential as diagnostic tools for early detection, prognosis, and treatment monitoring in RCC. Their ability to deliver various therapeutic agents, such as small interfering RNAs, lncRNAs, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immune-stimulating agents, allows for a personalized approach to RCC management. By leveraging exosome-based technologies, precision and efficacy in treatment strategies can be significantly enhanced. Conclusion Despite the promising advancements enabled by exosomes in the management of RCC, further research is necessary to refine exosome-based technologies and validate their efficacy, safety, and long-term benefits through rigorous clinical trials. Embracing exosomes as integral components of RCC diagnosis and treatment represents a significant step towards improving patient outcomes and addressing the persistent challenges posed by this malignancy in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Razavinia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abazar Razavinia
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Jamshidi Khalife Lou
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahlegha Ghavami
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Forouzan Shahri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
| | - Aida Tafazoli
- Department of Bacterial and Virology, Shiraz medical school, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj 3197619751, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hashemi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
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Baran O, Karaoglu AC, Kara E, Budun O, Katar S, Yilmaz SG, Akdeniz FT, Ambarcioglu MA, Demirel N, Turk O, Ozdemir NG, Yaltirik CK, Isbir T. Expression of miRNA-451 and miRNA-885 in Meningiomas. In Vivo 2023; 37:2473-2479. [PMID: 37905647 PMCID: PMC10621404 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Meningiomas are one of the most common intracranial tumors, accounting for 30% of the tumors of the central nervous system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs containing approximately 18-22 nucleotides that regulate gene expression by interfering with transcription or inhibiting translation. Recent studies have reported that miRNAs could provide information about the molecular pathogenesis of several types of tumors. This study aimed to examine the expression levels of miRNA-885 and -451 and to determine their potential roles as biomarkers in meningioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 29 patients with meningioma (9 males and 20 females) were included in this study. The expression levels of miRNA were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to analyze the predictive potential of miRNAs. RESULTS Our results indicated a significant increase in miRNA-451 expression levels (p=0.003); however, there was no significant change in miRNA-885 expression levels (p=0.139) in patients with meningioma compared with the control group. Moreover, miRNA-885 and miRNA-451 expression levels did not differ significantly based on the histopathological grade of meningioma. CONCLUSION miRNA-451 may be a novel potential marker for the diagnosis and prognosis, and a target for meningioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Baran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Diyarbakir Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Adil Can Karaoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Diyarbakir Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Erdogan Kara
- Istanbul Forensic Medicine Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Budun
- Dicle University Forensic Medicine Institution, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Salim Katar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Seda Guleç Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Tuba Akdeniz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Ambarcioglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Şanlıurfa Mehmet Akif İnan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Nail Demirel
- Department of Neurosurgery, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Okan Turk
- Department of Neurosurgery, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Güzin Ozdemir
- Department of Neurosurgery, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Kaan Yaltirik
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgay Isbir
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wu D, He L, Xu Z, Tian RF, Fan XY, Fan J, Ai J, Bian HJ, Qin WJ, Qin J, Li L. The combination of NDUFS1 with CD4 + T cell infiltration predicts favorable prognosis in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1168462. [PMID: 37469574 PMCID: PMC10352660 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1168462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is an immunogenic tumor, and immune infiltrates are relevant to patients' therapeutic response and prognosis. NDUFS1, the core subunit of mitochondrial complex I, has been reported to be associated with KIRC patients' prognosis. However, the upstream regulator for NDUFS1 and their correlations with immune infiltration remain unclear. Methods: The expression of NDUFS genes in KIRC and their influences on patients' survival were investigated by UALCAN, ENCORI, Oncomine, TIMER as well as Kaplan-Meier Plotter. miRNAs regulating NDUFS1 were predicted and analyzed by TargetScan and ENCORI. The correlations between NDUFS1 expression and immune cell infiltration or gene marker sets of immune infiltrates were analyzed via TIMER. The overall survival in high/low NDUFS1 or hsa-miR-320b expressed KIRC patients with or without immune infiltrates were analyzed via Kaplan-Meier Plotter. The combined NDUFS1 expression and/or CD4+ T cell infiltration on KIRC patients' overall survival were validated by multiplexed immunofluorescence (mIF) staining in tissue microarray (TMA). Furthermore, the influences of NDUFS1 expression on the chemotaxis of CD4+ T cells to KIRC cells were performed by transwell migration assays. Results: We found that the low expression of NDUFS1 mRNA and protein in KIRC was correlated with unfavorable patients' survival and poor infiltration of CD4+ T cells. In patients with decreased CD4+ T cell infiltration whose pathological grade less than III, TMA mIF staining showed that low expression of NDUFS1 had significantly poor OS than that with high expression of NDUFS1 did. Furthermore, hsa-miR-320b, a possible negative regulator of NDUFS1, was highly expressed in KIRC. And, low NDUFS1 or high hsa-miR-320b consistently correlated to unfavorable outcomes in KIRC patients with decreased CD4+ T cell infiltration. In vitro, NDUFS1 overexpression significantly increased the chemotaxis of CD4+ T cell to KIRC cells. Conclusion: Together, NDUFS1, upregulated by decreased hsa-miR-320b expression in KIRC patients, might act as a biomarker for CD4+ T cell infiltration. And, the combination of NDUFS1 with CD4+ T cell infiltration predicts favorable prognosis in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lin He
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Unit 94710 of the PLA, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruo-Fei Tian
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin-Yu Fan
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Fan
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jie Ai
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hui-Jie Bian
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei-Jun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ling Li
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Liang Q, Jin W, Huang Z, Yin H, Liu S, Liu L, Song X, Wang Z, Fei J. A plasma 3-marker microRNA biosignature distinguishes spinal tuberculosis from other spinal destructive diseases and pulmonary tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1125946. [PMID: 36926516 PMCID: PMC10011472 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1125946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate spinal tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis is of utmost importance for adequately treating and managing the disease. Given the need for additional diagnostic tools, this study aimed to investigate the utility of host serum miRNA biomarkers for diagnosing and distinguishing spinal tuberculosis (STB) from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and other spinal diseases of different origins (SDD). For a case-controlled investigation, a total of 423 subjects were voluntarily recruited, with 157 cases of STB, 83 cases of SDD, 30 cases of active PTB, and 153 cases of healthy controls (CONT) in 4 clinical centers. To discover the STB-specific miRNA biosignature, a high-throughput miRNA profiling study was performed in the pilot study with 12 cases of STB and 8 cases of CONT using the Exiqon miRNA PCR array platform. A bioinformatics study identified that the 3-plasma miRNA combination (hsa-miR-506-3p, hsa-miR-543, hsa-miR-195-5p) might serve as a candidate biomarker for STB. The subsequent training study developed the diagnostic model using multivariate logistic regression in training data sets, including CONT(n=100) and STB (n=100). Youden's J index determined the optimal classification threshold. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that 3-plasma miRNA biomarker signatures have an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.87, sensitivity = 80.5%, and specificity = 80.0%. To explore the possible potential to distinguish spinal TB from PDB and other SDD, the diagnostic model with the same classification threshold was applied to the analysis of the independent validation data set, including CONT(n=45), STB(n=45), brucellosis spondylitis (BS, n=30), PTB (n=30), spinal tumor (ST, n=30) and pyogenic spondylitis (PS, n=23). The results showed diagnostic model based on three miRNA signatures could discriminate the STB from other SDD groups with sensitivity=80%, specificity=96%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV)=84%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV)=94%, the total accuracy rate of 92%. These results indicate that this 3-plasma miRNA biomarker signature could effectively discriminate the STB from other spinal destructive diseases and pulmonary tuberculosis. The present study shows that the diagnostic model based on 3-plasma miRNA biomarker signature (hsa-miR-506-3p, hsa-miR-543, hsa-miR-195-5p) may be used for medical guidance to discriminate the STB from other spinal destructive disease and pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Weidong Jin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huquan Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Inteliex Biomedical Corp, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Shengchun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Tenth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Liehua Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangwei Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, China
| | - Zili Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital Affiliated to Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zili Wang, ; Jun Fei,
| | - Jun Fei
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zili Wang, ; Jun Fei,
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MicroRNAs as messengers of liver diseases: has the message finally been decrypted? Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:323-328. [PMID: 35234251 DOI: 10.1042/cs20211177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are regarded as crucial regulators of gene expression and diverse aspects of cell biology, can be present in various body fluids as highly stable molecules. It is also known that miRNAs exert tissue-specific regulation of gene transcription. Large amount of clinical and experimental evidence provided the rationale for raising the intriguing question of whether miRNAs can mediate cell-cell communication. For those reasons, miRNAs have been considered as the 'Holy Grail' of biomarkers allowing non-invasive diagnostic screening and early detection of a variety of diseases, including solid and non-solid cancers. In a study published in Clin. Sci. (Lond.) (2011) 120(5):183-193 (https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20100297), Gui et al. investigated the hypothesis that circulating miRNAs could be used to identify patients with liver pathologies. Specifically, the authors profiled circulating miRNAs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver cirrhosis (LC), and healthy controls and found that serum miR-885-5p levels were significantly higher in samples of patients with HCC (6.5-fold increase) and LC (8.8-fold increase). In this commentary, we highlight biological aspects associated with mir-122-the 'liver-specific' miRNA, which has been associated with a diverse range of liver pathologies. In addition, we discuss the relevance of mir-885-5p as potential biomarker for detecting human cancers. Finally, we provide some clues about how presumably unrelated miRNAs such as miR-122 and miR-885-5p may act in similar biological processes (BPs), making the miRNA regulatory networks more complex than anticipated.
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7
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Zu Y, Wang Q, Wang H. Identification of miR-885-5p as a tumor biomarker: regulation of cellular function in cervical cancer. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2021; 86:525-532. [PMID: 34801999 DOI: 10.1159/000520980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MicroRNAs were revealed as biomarkers for early detection or prognosis predictors of cancer and were involved in the progression of cancer. The present study investigated the expression pattern, potential clinical, and functional role of miR-885-5p in cervical cancer. DESIGN A total of 115 pairs of cervical cancer tissue specimens and adjacent non-tumor paracancerous tissue specimens were collected from the cervical cancer patients who underwent surgical resection or biopsy without preoperative systemic therapy at Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang from 2012 to 2014. Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods: The expression levels of miR-885-5p in cervical cancer were measured using the qRT-PCR assay. A follow-up study was conducted and the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to analyze the potential clinical significance of miR-885-5p in cervical cancer. The functional experiments including CCK-8, Transwell migration, and invasion assays were used to investigate the biological function of miR-885-5p in cervical cancer cells. RESULTS miR-885-5p expression was decreased in tumor tissues and tumor cell lines compared to normal control. Low expression of miR-885-5p was related to lymph node metastasis, late FIGO stage, and shorter overall survival outcome. Ascending expression of miR-885-5p inhibited the proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of cervical cancer cells, while downregulation of miR-885-5p promoted these cellular abilities of cervical cancer cells in vitro. LIMITATIONS The patient population size was limited, thus the clinical significance of miR-885-5p requires further verification. Secondly, the precise mechanism of miR-885-5p in cervical cancer still exclusive. In future studies, a larger sample size will be required to confirm the prognostic value of miR-885-5p in cervical cancer, and the possible targets, as well as the detailed mechanism of miR-885-5p, will be investigated. CONCLUSIONS miR-885-5p expression was decreased in cervical cancer and downregulation of miR-885-5p promoted the progression of cervical cancer cells. miR-885-5p may be an independent prognostic predictor and therapeutic target for treating cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqi Zu
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, China
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Shi L, Wang M, Li H, You P. MicroRNAs in Body Fluids: A More Promising Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7663-7675. [PMID: 34675663 PMCID: PMC8502019 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s330881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second most common cancer of the urinary system, accounting for approximately 10–15% of kidney cancers in the world. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common RCC subtype with the highest mortality. Surgical resection or puncture of tumor tissue is still an important clinical treatment and diagnosis of ccRCC, but its high recurrence rate and poor prognosis often lead to the short survival period of patients. Hence, the development of novel molecular biomarkers is of great clinical importance. miRNAs are endogenous non-coding small RNAs with a length of 19–24 nt. A growing number of studies have reported that miRNAs, as proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, play a key role in the development of ccRCC and might be effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. In addition, miRNAs can also predict the efficacy of treatment drug, thus improving the accuracy of clinical medication. Furthermore, non-invasive detection of miRNAs or extracellular vesicles (EV) in body fluids has better convenience and repeatability, which shows remarkable advantages compared with tissue detection. In this review, we summarized the typical miRNAs reported in recent years and place emphasis on evaluating miRNAs in different body fluids to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengtao You
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Epigenetic Biomarkers of Renal Cell Carcinoma for Liquid Biopsy Tests. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168846. [PMID: 34445557 PMCID: PMC8396354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) account for 2–3% of the global cancer burden and are characterized by the highest mortality rate among all genitourinary cancers. However, excluding conventional imagining approaches, there are no reliable diagnostic and prognostic tools available for clinical use at present. Liquid biopsies, such as urine, serum, and plasma, contain a significant amount of tumor-derived nucleic acids, which may serve as non-invasive biomarkers that are particularly useful for early cancer detection, follow-up, and personalization of treatment. Changes in epigenetic phenomena, such as DNA methylation level, expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are observed early during cancer development and are easily detectable in biofluids when morphological changes are still undetermined by conventional diagnostic tools. Here, we reviewed recent advances made in the development of liquid biopsy-derived DNA methylation-, miRNAs- and lncRNAs-based biomarkers for RCC, with an emphasis on the performance characteristics. In the last two decades, a mass of circulating epigenetic biomarkers of RCC were suggested, however, most of the studies done thus far analyzed biomarkers selected from the literature, used relatively miniature, local, and heterogeneous cohorts, and suffered from a lack of sufficient validations. In summary, for improved translation into the clinical setting, there is considerable demand for the validation of the existing pool of RCC biomarkers and the discovery of novel ones with better performance and clinical utility.
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10
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Cinque A, Vago R, Trevisani F. Circulating RNA in Kidney Cancer: What We Know and What We Still Suppose. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:835. [PMID: 34071652 PMCID: PMC8227397 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cancer represents the 7th most common tumor worldwide, affecting 400,000 people annually. This malignancy, which is the third most frequent cancer among urological diseases, displays a completely different prognosis if the tumor is detected in the early stages or advance phases. Unfortunately, more than 50% of renal cancers are discovered incidentally, with a consistent percentage of cases where the tumor remains clinically silent till the metastatic process is established. In day-to-day clinical practice, no available predictive biomarkers exist, and the existent imaging diagnostic techniques harbor several gaps in terms of diagnosis and prognosis. In the last decade, many efforts have been reported to detect new predictive molecular biomarkers using liquid biopsies, which are less invasive in comparison to renal biopsy. However, until now, there has been no clear evidence that a liquid biopsy biomarker could be relevant to the creation of a precise and tailored medical management in these oncological patients, even though circulating RNA biomarkers remain among the most promising. Given the idea that liquid biopsies will play a future key role in the management of these patients, in the present review, we summarize the current state of circulating RNA (miRNA, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) as possible biomarkers of renal cancer presence and aggressiveness in patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/urine
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/blood
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/urine
- Circulating MicroRNA/blood
- Circulating MicroRNA/genetics
- Circulating MicroRNA/urine
- Extracellular Vesicles/genetics
- Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/blood
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms/urine
- RNA, Long Noncoding/blood
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/urine
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cinque
- Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy; (A.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Riccardo Vago
- Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy; (A.C.); (R.V.)
- Department of Urology, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Trevisani
- Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy; (A.C.); (R.V.)
- Unit of Urology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano, Italy
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11
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Ma Y, Chen SS, Jiang F, Ma RY, Wang HL. Bioinformatic analysis and validation of microRNA-508-3p as a protective predictor by targeting NR4A3/MEK axis in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5202-5219. [PMID: 33942991 PMCID: PMC8178270 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) featured a debilitating progressive disorder. Here, we intend to determine diagnosis‐valuable biomarkers for PAH and decode the fundamental mechanisms of the biological function of these markers. Two mRNA microarray profiles (GSE70456 and GSE117261) and two microRNA microarray profiles (GSE55427 and GSE67597) were mined from the Gene Expression Omnibus platform. Then, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), respectively. Besides, we investigated online miRNA prediction tools to screen the target gene of DEMs. In this study, 185 DEGs and three common DEMs were screened as well as 1266 target genes of the three DEMs were identified. Next, 16 overlapping dysregulated genes from 185 DEGs and 1266 target gene were obtained. Meanwhile, we constructed the miRNA gene regulatory network and determined miRNA‐508‐3p‐NR4A3 pair for deeper exploring. Experiment methods verified the functional expression of miR‐508‐3p in PAH and its signalling cascade. We observed that ectopic miR‐508‐3p expression promotes proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC). Bioinformatic, dual‐luciferase assay showed NR4A3 represents directly targeted gene of miR‐508‐3p. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that down‐regulation of miR‐508‐3p advances PASMC proliferation and migration via inducing NR4A3 to activate MAPK/ERK kinase signalling pathway. Altogether, our research provides a promising diagnosis of predictor and therapeutic avenues for patients in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shu-Shu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fen Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ru-Yi Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huan-Liang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Cheng G, Li M, Ma X, Nan F, Zhang L, Yan Z, Li H, Zhang G, Han Y, Xie L, Guo X. Systematic Analysis of microRNA Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:543817. [PMID: 33344224 PMCID: PMC7746831 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.543817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing morbidity and mortality of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) urgently demands updated biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis by regulating their target genes' expression. In kidney cancers, miRNAs have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and to be the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic response biomarkers. Here, we performed a systematic analysis for ccRCC-related miRNAs as biomarkers by searching keywords in the NCBI PubMed database and found 118 miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers, 28 miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers, and 80 miRNAs as therapeutic biomarkers in ccRCC. miRNA-21, miRNA-155, miRNA-141, miRNA-126, and miRNA-221, as significantly differentially expressed miRNAs between cancer and normal tissues, play extensive roles in the cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis of ccRCC. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of these miRNAs' target genes through Metascape showed these target genes are enriched in Protein Domain Specific Binding (GO:0019904). In this paper, we identified highly specific miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ccRCC and explored their potential applications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Longxiang Xie
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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13
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Lakshminarayanan H, Rutishauser D, Schraml P, Moch H, Bolck HA. Liquid Biopsies in Renal Cell Carcinoma-Recent Advances and Promising New Technologies for the Early Detection of Metastatic Disease. Front Oncol 2020; 10:582843. [PMID: 33194717 PMCID: PMC7656014 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.582843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) displays a highly varying clinical progression, from slow growing localized tumors to very aggressive metastatic disease (mRCC). Almost a third of all patients with ccRCC show metastatic dissemination at presentation while another third develop metastasis during the course of the disease. Survival rates of mRCC patients remain low despite the development of novel targeted treatment regimens. Biomarkers indicating disease progression could help to define its aggressive potential and thus guide patient management. However, molecular markers that can reliably assess metastatic dissemination and disease recurrence in ccRCC have not been recommended for clinical practice to date. Liquid biopsies could provide an attractive and non-invasive method to determine the risk of recurrence or metastatic dissemination during follow-up and thus assist the search for surveillance biomarkers in ccRCC tumors. A wide spectrum of circulating molecules have already shown considerable potential for ccRCC diagnosis and prognostication. In this review, we outline state of the art of the key circulating analytes such as cfDNA, cfRNA, proteins, and exosomes that may serve as biomarkers for the longitudinal monitoring of ccRCC progression to metastasis. Moreover, we address some of the prevailing limitations in the past approaches and present promising adoptable technologies that could help to pursue the implementation of liquid biopsies as a prognostic tool for mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hella A. Bolck
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Barth DA, Drula R, Ott L, Fabris L, Slaby O, Calin GA, Pichler M. Circulating Non-coding RNAs in Renal Cell Carcinoma-Pathogenesis and Potential Implications as Clinical Biomarkers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:828. [PMID: 33042985 PMCID: PMC7523432 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy-the determination of circulating cells, proteins, DNA or RNA from biofluids through a "less invasive" approach-has emerged as a novel approach in all cancer entities. Circulating non-(protein) coding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and YRNAs can be passively released by tissue or cell damage or actively secreted as cell-free circulating RNAs, bound to lipoproteins or carried by exosomes. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a growing body of evidence suggests circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and YRNAs as promising and easily accessible blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of RCC as well as for the prediction of prognosis and treatment response. In addition, circulating ncRNAs could also play a role in RCC pathogenesis and progression. This review gives an overview over the current study landscape of circulating ncRNAs and their involvement in RCC pathogenesis as well as their potential utility as future biomarkers in RCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik A Barth
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rares Drula
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Centre for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Leonie Ott
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linda Fabris
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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15
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Outeiro-Pinho G, Barros-Silva D, Correia MP, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Renal Cell Tumors: Uncovering the Biomarker Potential of ncRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082214. [PMID: 32784737 PMCID: PMC7465320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell tumors (RCT) remain as one of the most common and lethal urological tumors worldwide. Discrimination between (1) benign and malignant disease, (2) indolent and aggressive tumors, and (3) patient responsiveness to a specific therapy is of major clinical importance, allowing for a more efficient patient management. Nonetheless, currently available tools provide limited information and novel strategies are needed. Over the years, a putative role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as disease biomarkers has gained relevance and is now one of the most prolific fields in biological sciences. Herein, we extensively sought the most significant reports on ncRNAs as potential RCTs' diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and monitoring biomarkers. We could conclude that ncRNAs, either alone or in combination with currently used clinical and pathological parameters, might represent key elements to improve patient management, potentiating the implementation of precision medicine. Nevertheless, most ncRNA biomarkers require large-scale validation studies, prior to clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Outeiro-Pinho
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Daniela Barros-Silva
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Margareta P. Correia
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225084000; Fax: +351-225084199
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