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Liu B, Hou B, Zhao Y, Gao F, Dong X, He J. Investigating potential mechanisms of vitamin D against thyroid cancer via network pharmacology and experimental validation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 104:e14586. [PMID: 39013759 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D (VD) has potential benefits in the treatment of TC. However, evidence regarding the targets and molecular mechanisms of VD in TC remains limited. In this study, we conducted network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental evaluation to explore the target genes, biological functions, and signaling pathways involved in this process. Network analysis revealed 77 potential target genes of VD against TC, and four hub target genes were identified: ESR1, KIT, CCND1, and PGR. Furthermore, we identified the biological processes (BP) and signaling pathways involving these potential target genes, and then determined the possible interaction between the hub targets and VD through molecular docking. Finally, through in vitro experiments, we found that VD effectively inhibits the proliferation of TC cells and downregulates the expression of the ESR1 gene. In conclusion, the effects of VD against TC involve multiple biological targets, BP, and signaling pathways. These findings provide scientific evidence for the application of VD in the treatment of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bowen Hou
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fengyi Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyin Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiageng He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
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Guo S, Ding R, Zhao Q, Wang X, Lv S, Ji XY. Recent Insights into the Roles of PEST-Containing Nuclear Protein. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01188-5. [PMID: 38762838 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
PEST-containing nuclear protein (PCNP), a short-lived small nuclear protein with 178 amino acids, is a nuclear protein containing two PEST sequences. PCNP is highly expressed in several malignant tumors such as cervical cancer, rectal cancer, and lung cancer. It is also associated with cell cycle regulation and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and Wnt signaling pathways during tumor growth. The present article discuss how PCNP regulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Wnt signaling pathways and related proteins, and the ubiquitination of PCNP regulates tumor cell cycle as well as the progress of the application of PCNP in the pathophysiology and treatment of colon cancer, human ovarian cancer, thyroid cancer, lung adenocarcinoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma. The main relevant articles were retrieved from PubMed, with keywords such as PEST-containing nuclear protein (PCNP), cancer (tumor), and signaling pathways as inclusion/exclusion criteria. Relevant references has been included and cited in the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Ruidong Ding
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Shuangyu Lv
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
- Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Mazhai, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450064, Henan, China.
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Maciejewski A, Lacka K. Vitamin D-Related Genes and Thyroid Cancer-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13661. [PMID: 36362448 PMCID: PMC9658610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, formerly known for its role in calcium-phosphorus homeostasis, was shown to exert a broad influence on immunity and on differentiation and proliferation processes in the last few years. In the field of endocrinology, there is proof of the potential role of vitamin D and vitamin D-related genes in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer-the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. Therefore, the study aimed to systematically review the publications on the association between vitamin D-related gene variants (polymorphisms, mutations, etc.) and thyroid cancer. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. A total of ten studies were found that met the inclusion criteria. Six vitamin D-related genes were analyzed (VDR-vitamin D receptor, CYP2R1-cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1, CYP24A1-cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1, CYP27B1-cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1, DHCR7-7-dehydrocholesterol reductase and CUBN-cubilin). Moreover, a meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the data from the studies on VDR polymorphisms (rs2228570/FokI, rs1544410/BsmI, rs7975232/ApaI and rs731236/TaqI). Some associations between thyroid cancer risk (VDR, CYP24A1, DHCR7) or the clinical course of the disease (VDR) and vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms were described in the literature. However, these results seem inconclusive and need validation. A meta-analysis of the five studies of common VDR polymorphisms did not confirm their association with increased susceptibility to differentiated thyroid cancer. Further efforts are necessary to improve our understanding of thyroid cancer pathogenesis and implement targeted therapies for refractory cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Lacka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60355 Poznan, Poland
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Kim MJ, Kim D, Koo JS, Lee JH, Nam KH. Vitamin D Receptor Expression and its Clinical Significance in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221089933. [PMID: 35379049 PMCID: PMC8988685 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221089933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between vitamin D receptor (an essential component in the vitamin D signaling pathway) and serum vitamin D as well as its clinical significance in papillary thyroid cancer. Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised patients with thyroid tumors who visited our hospital, from 2017 to 2018. The level of vitamin D receptor expression from thyroid tissue was measured in patients with thyroid tumor and evaluated for correlation with serum vitamin D levels and clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer. Data from 501 patients with papillary thyroid cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were analyzed. Results: Increased vitamin D receptor protein and mRNA expression were observed in papillary thyroid cancer compared to those in normal and benign tissues. Lower vitamin D receptor protein expression was associated with high TNM stage papillary thyroid cancer and low p21 protein expression. Lower relative vitamin D receptor mRNA expression in papillary thyroid cancer was associated with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. The Cancer Genome Atlas database showed a positive correlation among mRNA expression of vitamin D receptor, CYP24A1, and p21. Conclusions: An association between decreased vitamin D receptor protein expression and advanced stage papillary thyroid cancer, and a correlation between low vitamin D receptor mRNA expression with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was observed. Low vitamin D receptor expression in papillary thyroid cancer was shown to positively correlate with low serum vitamin D level and disease aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jhi Kim
- Department of Surgery, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, 65470CHA University School of Medicine, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.,Department of Surgery, Graduate School, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daham Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrine Research, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Department of Pathology, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kee-Hyun Nam
- Department of Surgery, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Li L, Li B, Lv B, Liang W, Zhang B, Zeng Q, Turner AG, Sheng L. Increased thyroid malignancy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:885-893. [PMID: 34261038 PMCID: PMC8346191 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have reported the increased incidence of thyroid cancer in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). However, the underlying risk factors of concomitant thyroid cancer in patients with PHPT remain unknown. The primary aim of this study was to examine the records of patients with PHPT to identify characteristics that correlated with the presence of coexisting thyroid nodules, and which may have an implication for the prediction of thyroid cancer. METHODS Medical records of consecutive patients with PHPT (n = 318) were reviewed from January 2010 to September 2020 in two tertiary medical centers in China. Patient clinicopathological and biological data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Of a total of 318 patients with PHPT, 105 (33.0%) patients had thyroid nodules and 26 (8.2%) patients were concomitant with thyroid cancer. A total of 38 thyroid nodules taken from 26 patients were pathologically assessed to be well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), with 81% being papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). In 79% (30/38) of these cancers, thyroid nodules were considered suspicious following preoperative ultrasound. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender was associated with increased risk of thyroid nodules (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.13-3.99, P = 0.019), while lower log-transformed parathyroid hormone levels were an independent predictor of thyroid cancer in patients with PHPT (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.26-0.93, P = 0.028). CONCLUSION In conclusion, we observed a relatively high prevalence of thyroid cancer in our cohort of Chinese patients with PHPT. Evaluation of thyroid nodules by preoperative ultrasound may be advisable in patients with PHPT, particularly for females and patients with modestly elevated serum parathyroid hormone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchuan Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Baoyuan Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weili Liang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingdong Zeng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Andrew G Turner
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to L Sheng:
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The Role of Vitamin D as a Prognostic Marker in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143516. [PMID: 34298730 PMCID: PMC8304998 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in the United States and papillary thyroid cancer is by far the most common subtype. Vitamin D has been postulated as a key modulator in several cancer-related pathways, although its contributions to thyroid cancer remain controversial. In this paper, we review the metabolic pathways of vitamin D and explore potential links to cancer-related mechanisms. In addition, we also explore the medical literature related to vitamin D as a prognostic marker for staging in papillary thyroid cancer. Abstract The role of vitamin D in modulating several cancer-related pathways has received an increasing amount of attention in the past several years. Previous literature has found an abundance of evidence of vitamin D exerting an anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and pro-differentiation effect in various types of cancers including breast, colon, prostate, and pancreatic cancer. Although the link between vitamin D and thyroid cancer remains controversial, both biochemical evidence and clinical studies have attempted to establish a link between papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and vitamin D status. Furthermore, the use of vitamin D as a prognostic marker has received increased attention, both in regards to clinical outcomes and cancer staging. In this review, we briefly discuss the metabolism and proposed mechanism of action of vitamin D in the context of PTC, and explore links between modulators in the vitamin D pathway and progression of PTC. We provide evidence from both clinical studies as well as molecular studies of metabolic targets, including vitamin D receptor and activating enzymes exerting an effect on PTC tissue, which indicate that vitamin D may play a significant prognostic role in PTC.
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