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Gusella A, Martignoni G, Giacometti C. Behind the Curtain of Abnormal Placentation in Pre-Eclampsia: From Molecular Mechanisms to Histological Hallmarks. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7886. [PMID: 39063129 PMCID: PMC11277090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Successful human pregnancy needs several highly controlled steps to guarantee an oocyte's fertilization, the embryo's pre-implantation development, and its subsequent implantation into the uterine wall. The subsequent placenta development ensures adequate fetal nutrition and oxygenation, with the trophoblast being the first cell lineage to differentiate during this process. The placenta sustains the growth of the fetus by providing it with oxygen and nutrients and removing waste products. It is not surprising that issues with the early development of the placenta can lead to common pregnancy disorders, such as recurrent miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and stillbirth. Understanding the normal development of the human placenta is essential for recognizing and contextualizing any pathological aberrations that may occur. The effects of these issues may not become apparent until later in pregnancy, during the mid or advanced stages. This review discusses the process of the embryo implantation phase, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the abnormalities in those mechanisms that are thought to contribute to the development of pre-eclampsia. The review also covers the histological hallmarks of pre-eclampsia as found during the examination of placental tissue from pre-eclampsia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gusella
- Pathology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Services, ULLS 6 Euganea, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Guido Martignoni
- Department of Pathology, Pederzoli Hospital, 37019 Peschiera del Garda, Italy;
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giacometti
- Department of Pathology, Pederzoli Hospital, 37019 Peschiera del Garda, Italy;
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Lygeros S, Danielides G, Kyriakopoulos GC, Tsapardoni F, Grafanaki K, Stathopoulos C, Danielides V. Expression profiles of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA : ORGANO UFFICIALE DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI OTORINOLARINGOLOGIA E CHIRURGIA CERVICO-FACCIALE 2023; 43:400-408. [PMID: 37519135 PMCID: PMC10773546 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in tissue remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This study aimed to evaluate the expression profiles of MMP-9 and the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in nasal polyps compared to healthy mucosa. Methods Tissue samples from 37 CRSwNP patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery and mucosal specimens from 12 healthy controls were obtained intra-operatively. MMP-9 and EMMPRIN mRNA levels were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and their protein expression by Western blot analysis. Results MMP-9 mRNA expression levels were significantly elevated in CRSwNP compared to controls (p < 0.05). MMP-9 protein levels presented an increasing trend but with no statistical significance (p > 0.05). No statistically significant difference in EMMPRIN mRNA and protein levels was identified. Conclusions Upregulation of MMP-9 in nasal polyps is evident and highlights its role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. The lack of concordance between MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels may be attributed to post-translational gene expression regulation. Although EMMPRIN expression was not significantly different between the two groups, its role remains to be elucidated. MMP-9 may be a valuable biomarker and treatment target in CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Lygeros
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Foteini Tsapardoni
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Vasileios Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Zhafir Asyura MMA, Komariah M, Amirah S, Faisal EG, Maulana S, Platini H, Pahria T. Analysis of Varying MicroRNAs as a Novel Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Preeclampsia: A Scoping Systematic Review of the Observational Study. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:36. [PMID: 37351051 PMCID: PMC10284242 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_156_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related syndrome with moderate mortality. Early diagnosis of the condition remains difficult, with the current diagnostic modalities being ineffective. The varying microRNAs (miRNAs) as a novel biomarker pose an alternative solution with their potential to be reviewed. Methods This study follows the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extended for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR). PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL/Cochrane, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library were used for this review. We only include observational studies. A critical appraisal was assessed in this study using QUADAS-2. Results We retrieved 30 observational studies fulfilling the set criteria. Data extracted were synthesized qualitatively based on miRNAs that are more prominent and their area-under-the-curve (AUC) values. In total, 109 distinct dysregulated miRNAs were identified in comparison to healthy controls, with 10 of them (mir-518b, mirR-155, mirR-155-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-517-5p, miR-520a-5p, miR-525-5p, miR-320a, miR-210, and miR-210-3p) being identified in two or more studies. A brief look at the results shows that 49 miRNAs are downregulated and 74 miRNAs are upregulated, though the fold change of the dysregulation in all studies is not available due to some studies opting for a visual representation of the differences using whisker plots, bar charts, and heat map diagrams to visualize the difference from the reference control. Conclusions This study has analyzed the potential of varying miRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers and how they might be used in the future. Despite this, potent miRNAs identified should be more emphasized in future research to determine their applicability and connection with the pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Komariah
- Department of Fundamental in Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Shakira Amirah
- Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Emir G. Faisal
- Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Sidik Maulana
- Professional Nursing Program, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Hesti Platini
- Department of Medical-surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Tuti Pahria
- Department of Medical-surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
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Zhu Q, Zhao X, Zhang D, Xia W, Zhang J. Abnormal expression of SLIT3 induces intravillous vascularization dysplasia in ectopic pregnancy. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14850. [PMID: 36793891 PMCID: PMC9924138 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether the morphology, capillary number, and transcriptome expression profiles of ectopic pregnancy (EP) villi differ from those of normal pregnancy (NP) villi. Methods Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for CD31 were conducted to compare differences in morphology and capillary number between EP and NP villi. Differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and mRNAs were determined from transcriptome sequencing of both types of villi and used to construct a miRNA-mRNA network, from which hub genes were identified. Candidate DE-miRNAs and DE-mRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR. Correlations were identified between the number of capillaries and serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) levels and between the expression levels of hub genes associated with angiogenesis and β-HCG levels. Results The mean and total cross-sectional areas of placental villi were significantly increased in EP compared with NP villi. Capillary density was greatly reduced in EP villi and was positively correlated with β-HCG levels. A total of 49 DE-miRNAs and 625 DE-mRNAs were identified from the sequencing data. An integrated analysis established a miRNA-mRNA network containing 32 DE-miRNAs and 103 DE-mRNAs. Based on the validation of hub mRNAs and miRNAs in the network, a regulatory pathway involving miR-491-5p-SLIT3 was discovered, which may have a role in the development of villous capillaries. Conclusion Villus morphology, capillary number, and miRNA/mRNA expression profiles in villous tissues were aberrant in EP placentas. Specifically, SLIT3, which is regulated by miR-491-5p, may contribute to the regulation of villous angiogenesis and was established as a putative predictor of chorionic villus development, providing a basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xia
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
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Preethi KA, Selvakumar SC, Ross K, Sekar D. Therapeutic aspect of microRNA inhibition in various types of hypertension and hypertensive complications. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Rong W, Shukun W, Xiaoqing W, Wenxin H, Mengyuan D, Chenyang M, Zhang H. Regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs and m6A modification in trophoblast functions and the occurrence of its related adverse pregnancy outcomes. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:681-713. [PMID: 36794364 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2144711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal growth restriction, and recurrent miscarriage, occur frequently in pregnant women and might further induce morbidity and mortality for both mother and fetus. Increasing studies have shown that dysfunctions of human trophoblast are related to these adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent studies also showed that environmental toxicants could induce trophoblast dysfunctions. Moreover, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to play important regulatory roles in various cellular processes. However, the roles of ncRNAs in the regulation of trophoblast dysfunctions and the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes still need to be further investigated, especially with exposure to environmental toxicants. In this review, we analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs and m6A methylation modification in the dysfunctions of trophoblast cells and the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and also summarized the harmful effects of environmental toxicants. In addition to DNA replication, mRNA transcription, and protein translation, ncRNAs and m6A modification might be considered as the fourth and fifth elements that regulate the genetic central dogma, respectively. Environmental toxicants might also affect these processes. In this review, we expect to provide a deeper scientific understanding of the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and to discover potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Rong
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wan Shukun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Xiaoqing
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huang Wenxin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dai Mengyuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mi Chenyang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Liu H, Wang X. MiR-200b-3p is upregulated in the placental tissues from patients with preeclampsia and promotes the development of preeclampsia via targeting profilin 2. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1945-1957. [PMID: 35613309 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2075644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy disorder affecting both maternal and fetal health. However, the pathogenesis of preeclampsia has not been fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the key microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of preeclampsia. A high-throughput miRNA sequencing analysis for the placental tissues from patients with preeclampsia and healthy controls was conducted, followed by investigation of differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and functional enrichment analysis. Moreover, the expression of a key DEM, named miR-200b-3p, in the preeclampsia patients was validated, and the effects of miR-200b-3p overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of HTR8 trophoblast cells were investigated in vitro. Furthermore, the target gene of miR-200b-3p was investigated based on gene expression profile GSE177049 and miRWalk 2.0 database. The target relationship between miR-200b-3p and profilin 2 (PFN2) was investigated in vitro. A total of 12 DEMs including miR-200b-3p were identified between preeclampsia placental tissues and control placental tissues, which were significantly enriched in several pathways, such as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and tight junction. Moreover, increased expression of miR-200b-3p was revealed in the placental tissues of preeclampsia patients, and overexpression of miR-200b-3p suppressed cell proliferation and migration but promoted apoptosis of trophoblast cells. Furthermore, PFN2 was confirmed as a target of miR-200b-3p, and overexpression of PFN2 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-200b-3p overexpression on trophoblast cell migration. Our findings reveal that miR-200b-3p is upregulated in the placental tissues of patients with preeclampsia and promotes preeclampsia development via PFN2. miR-200b-3p may serve as a promising therapeutic target against preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xietong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Role of microRNAs in Pressure Ulcer Immune Response, Pathogenesis, and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010064. [PMID: 33374656 PMCID: PMC7793489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure ulcers are preventable, yet highly prevalent, chronic wounds that have significant patient morbidity and high healthcare costs. Like other chronic wounds, they are characterized by impaired wound healing due to dysregulated immune processes. This review will highlight key biochemical pathways in the pathogenesis of pressure injury and how this signaling leads to impaired wound healing. This review is the first to comprehensively describe the current literature on microRNA (miRNA, miR) regulation of pressure ulcer pathophysiology.
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