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Chen S, Wu S, Lin B. The potential therapeutic value of the natural plant compounds matrine and oxymatrine in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1417672. [PMID: 39041001 PMCID: PMC11260750 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1417672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Matrine (MT) and Oxymatrine (OMT) are two natural alkaloids derived from plants. These bioactive compounds are notable for their diverse pharmacological effects and have been extensively studied and recognized in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in recent years. The cardioprotective effects of MT and OMT involve multiple aspects, primarily including antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory actions, anti-atherosclerosis, restoration of vascular function, and inhibition of cardiac remodeling and failure. Clinical pharmacology research has identified numerous novel molecular mechanisms of OMT and MT, such as JAK/STAT, Nrf2/HO-1, PI3 K/AKT, TGF-β1/Smad, and Notch pathways, providing new evidence supporting their promising therapeutic potential against cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this review aims to investigate the potential applications of MT and OMT in treating cardiovascular diseases, encompassing their mechanisms, efficacy, and safety, confirming their promise as lead compounds in anti-cardiovascular disease drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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Lan X, Chen Y, Duan JJ, Xu J. Study on Oxymatrine-Based Research from 2001 to 2022: A Bibliometric Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9633-9643. [PMID: 38434884 PMCID: PMC10905712 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Oxymatrine is a quinolizidine alkaloid mainly derived from Kushen; it possesses various therapeutic effects, such as organ- and tissue-protective, anticancer, and antiviral effects. The research directions for oxymatrine remain broad. In order to explore the overall status of oxymatrine-based research, we carried out a bibliometric analysis to summarize the oxymatrine-based, English-written studies published in the past 22 years. In total, 267 studies were included, most of which were original. The number of annual studies slowly increased with some fluctuations. Other than China, 11 different countries conducted studies on oxymatrine; the variety in the country of origin of these publications is presented as a recently increasing trend. Many affiliates and researchers have participated in oxymatrine-based research. Various treatment mechanisms involving different oxymatrine pathways have led to research in a wide range of fields, being published in numerous journals. Two particularly popular research fields related to oxymatrine involved anticancer and anti-inflammation. From this research, we concluded that with increasing and continuous in-depth studies, more therapeutic effects and mechanisms will be elucidated, and oxymatrine may present as a viable option for the treatment of additional diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Lan
- Beijing
University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Xiyuan
Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jia-jia Duan
- Beijing
University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Beijing
University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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Jiang Y, Cai Y, Han R, Xu Y, Xia Z, Xia W. Salvianolic acids and its potential for cardio-protection against myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury in diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1322474. [PMID: 38283744 PMCID: PMC10811029 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1322474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes and related mortality rate increase yearly in modern cities. Additionally, elevated glucose levels can result in an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ferroptosis, and the disruption of protective pathways in the heart. These factors collectively heighten the vulnerability of diabetic individuals to myocardial ischemia. Reperfusion therapies have been effectively used in clinical practice. There are limitations to the current clinical methods used to treat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. As a result, reducing post-treatment ischemia/reperfusion injury remains a challenge. Therefore, efforts are underway to provide more efficient therapy. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) has been used for centuries in ancient China to treat cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with rare side effects. Salvianolic acid is a water-soluble phenolic compound with potent antioxidant properties and has the greatest hydrophilic property in Danshen. It has recently been discovered that salvianolic acids A (SAA) and B (SAB) are capable of inhibiting apoptosis by targeting the JNK/Akt pathway and the NF-κB pathway, respectively. This review delves into the most recent discoveries regarding the therapeutic and cardioprotective benefits of salvianolic acid for individuals with diabetes. Salvianolic acid shows great potential in myocardial protection in diabetes mellitus. A thorough understanding of the protective mechanism of salvianolic acid could expand its potential uses in developing medicines for treating diabetes mellitus related myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ronghui Han
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Doctoral Training Platform for Research and Translation, BoShiWan, GuanChong Village, Shuanghe Town, ZhongXiang City, Hubei, China
| | - Weiyi Xia
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Doctoral Training Platform for Research and Translation, BoShiWan, GuanChong Village, Shuanghe Town, ZhongXiang City, Hubei, China
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Lu P, Li X, Li B, Li X, Wang C, Liu Z, Ji Y, Wang X, Wen Z, Fan J, Yi C, Song M, Wang X. The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c suppresses ferroptosis and alleviates acute lung injury induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion via PPARγ signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175835. [PMID: 37290680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening complication of cardiac surgery that has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Epithelial ferroptosis is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. MOTS-c has been reported to play a role in regulating inflammation and sepsis-associated ALI. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of MOTS-c on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MIR)-induced ALI and ferroptosis. In humans, we used ELISA kits to investigate MOTS-c and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In vivo, we pretreated Sprague-Dawley rats with MOTS-c, Ferrostatin-1 and Fe-citrate(Ⅲ). We conducted Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and detection of ferroptosis-related genes in MIR-induced ALI rats. In vitro, we evaluated the effect of MOTS-c on hypoxia regeneration (HR)-induced mouse lung epithelial-12 (MLE-12) ferroptosis and analyzed the expression of PPARγ through western blotting. We found that circulating MOTS-c levels were decreased in postoperative ALI patients after off-pump CABG, and that ferroptosis contributed to ALI induced by MIR in rats. MOTS-c suppressed ferroptosis and alleviated ALI induced by MIR, and the protective effect of MOTS-c- was dependent on PPARγ signaling pathway. Additionally, HR promoted ferroptosis in MLE-12 cells, and MOTS-c inhibited ferroptosis against HR through the PPARγ signaling pathway. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of MOTS-c for improving postoperative ALI induced by cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | - Xiaopei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | - Ben Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | - Chufan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | | | - Yumeng Ji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | - Xufeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | - Ziang Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China
| | - Jidan Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chenlong Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Meijuan Song
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PR China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Sun Q, Zhang H, Du HB, Zhao ZA, Li CJ, Chen SJ, Li YM, Zhang SL, Liu JC, Niu CY, Zhao ZG. ESTROGEN ALLEVIATES POSTHEMORRHAGIC SHOCK MESENTERIC LYMPH-MEDIATED LUNG INJURY THROUGH AUTOPHAGY INHIBITION. Shock 2023; 59:754-762. [PMID: 36840514 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Hemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is commonly associated with the posthemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) return. Whether excessive autophagy is involved in PHSML-mediated ALI remains unclear. The relationship between estrogen treatment and PHSML or autophagy needs to verify. The current study will clarify the role of estrogen in reducing PHSML-mediated ALI through inhibition of autophagy. Methods: First, a hemorrhagic shock model in conscious rats was used to observe the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on intestinal blood flow, pulmonary function, intestinal and pulmonary morphology, and expression of autophagy marker proteins. Meanwhile, the effect of PHSML and autophagy agonist during E2 treatment was also investigated. Secondly, rat primary pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were used to observe the effect of PHSML, PHSML plus E2, and E2-PHSML (PHSML obtained from rats treated by E2) on the cell viability. Results: Hemorrhagic shock induced intestinal and pulmonary tissue damage and increased wet/dry ratio, reduced intestinal blood flow, along with pulmonary dysfunction characterized by increased functional residual capacity and lung resistance and decreased inspiratory capacity and peak expiratory flow. Hemorrhagic shock also enhanced the autophagy levels in intestinal and pulmonary tissue, which was characterized by increased expressions of LC3 II/I and Beclin-1 and decreased expression of p62. E2 treatment significantly attenuated these adverse changes after hemorrhagic shock, which was reversed by PHSML or rapamycin administration. Importantly, PHSML incubation decreased the viability of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, while E2 coincubation or E2-treated lymph counteracted the adverse roles of PHSML. Conclusions: The role of estrogen reducing PHSML-mediated ALI is associated with the inhibition of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Si-Jie Chen
- Institute of Microcirculation and Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Institute of Microcirculation and Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Sen-Lu Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation and Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jun-Chao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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Seksaria S, Mehan S, Dutta BJ, Gupta GD, Ganti SS, Singh A. Oxymatrine and insulin resistance: Focusing on mechanistic intricacies involve in diabetes associated cardiomyopathy via SIRT1/AMPK and TGF-β signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23330. [PMID: 36890713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CDM) and related morbidity and mortality are increasing at an alarming rate, in large part because of the increase in the number of diabetes mellitus cases. The clinical consequence associated with CDM is heart failure (HF) and is considerably worse for patients with diabetes mellitus, as compared to nondiabetics. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional malfunctioning of the heart, which includes diastolic dysfunction followed by systolic dysfunction, myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunctional remodeling, and myocardial fibrosis. Indeed, many reports in the literature indicate that various signaling pathways, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β/smad pathways, are involved in diabetes-related cardiomyopathy, which increases the risk of functional and structural abnormalities of the heart. Therefore, targeting these pathways augments the prevention as well as treatment of patients with DCM. Alternative pharmacotherapy, such as that using natural compounds, has been shown to have promising therapeutic effects. Thus, this article reviews the potential role of the quinazoline alkaloid, oxymatrine obtained from the Sophora flavescensin CDM associated with diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have given a therapeutic glimpse of the role of oxymatrine in the multiple secondary complications related to diabetes, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, stroke, and cardiovascular complications via reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, which might be due to targeting signaling pathways, such as AMPK, SIRT1, PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β pathways. Thus, these pathways are considered central regulators of diabetes and its secondary complications, and targeting these pathways with oxymatrine might provide a therapeutic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Bhaskar J Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam D Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Subrahmanya S Ganti
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amrita Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
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Chen H, Xu K, Sun C, Gui S, Wu J, Wang S. Inhibition of ANGPT2 activates autophagy during hypertrophic scar formation via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:26-35. [PMID: 36272879 PMCID: PMC9837657 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scar (HS), a fibroproliferative disorder caused by aberrant wound healing following skin injuries such as burns, lacerations and surgery, is characterized by invasive proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. The dysregulation of autophagy is the pathological basis of HS formation. Previously, angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) was found to be overexpressed in HS fibroblasts (HSFs) compared with normal skin fibroblasts. However, whether ANGPT2 participates in the process of HS formation and the potential molecular mechanisms are not clear. OBJECTIVE This study is intended to figure out the role of ANGPT2 and ANGPT2-mediated autophagy during the development of HS. METHODS RT-qPCR was used to detect ANGPT2 expression in HS tissues and HSFs. HSFs were transfected with sh-ANGPT2 to knock down ANGPT2 expression and then treated with MHT1485, the mTOR agonist. The effects of sh-ANGPT2 or MHT1485 on the proliferation, migration, autophagy and ECM accumulation of HSFs were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay and western blotting. The expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related molecules (p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR) was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS ANGPT2 expression was markedly upregulated in HS tissues and HSFs. ANGPT2 knockdown decreased the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR. ANGPT2 knockdown activated autophagy and inhibited the proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation of HSFs. Additionally, the treatment of MHT1485, the mTOR agonist, on ANGPT2-downregulated HSFs, partially reversed the influence of ANGPT2 knockdown on HSFs. STUDY LIMITATIONS The study lacks the establishment of more stable in vivo animal models of HS for investigating the effects of ANGPT2 on HS formation in experimental animals. CONCLUSIONS ANGPT2 downregulation represses growth, migration, and ECM accumulation of HSFs via autophagy activation by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Our study provides a novel potential therapeutic target for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Chen
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Sun
- The Sixth Resignation Cadre Sanatorium of Shandong Province Military Region, Qingdao, China
| | - Si Gui
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juanjuan Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Song Wang
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Corresponding author.
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Dong JY, Yin HL, Hao H, Liu Y. Research Progress on Autophagy Regulation by Active Ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1671-1691. [PMID: 37092134 PMCID: PMC10120836 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s398203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved process that maintains cell stability in eukaryotes, participates in the turnover of intracellular substances to maintain cell function, helps to resist pathogen invasion, and improves cell tolerance to environmental changes. Autophagy has been observed in many diseases, and the symptoms of these diseases are significantly improved by regulating autophagy. Autophagy is also involved in the development of lung diseases. Studies have shown that autophagy may play a beneficial or harmful role in acute lung injury (ALI), and ALI has been treated with traditional Chinese medicine designed to promote or inhibit autophagy. In this paper, the molecular mechanism and common pathways regulating autophagy and the relationship between autophagy and ALI are introduced, and the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine that improve ALI symptoms by regulating autophagy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-yan Dong
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Lin Yin
- Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Hao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hao Hao; Yang Liu, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13583119291; +86-13864018185, Email ;
| | - Yang Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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Electroacupuncture Preconditioning Alleviates Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Downregulating LC3-II/I and Beclin 1 Expression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8997173. [PMID: 36310624 PMCID: PMC9613389 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8997173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture pretreatment on the inflammatory response and expression levels of LC3-II/I and Beclin 1 using a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (NC, n = 6), LSP modeling group (LM, n = 6), and electroacupuncture group (EA, n = 6). Rats in the EA group received electroacupuncture pretreatment at bilateral Zusanli (ST36) and Chize (LU5) points for five days (30 min each time daily, frequency; 3 Hz/15 Hz, intensity; 1 mA). Rats in the EA and LM groups were then injected with 5 mg/kg LPS (Beijing, Solarbio Company, concentration; 5 mg/mL) through the tail vein, while those in the NC group were injected with 5 mg/kg saline. The animals were sacrificed six hours after LPS or saline injection through cervical vertebrae by dislocation under deep anesthesia. Orbital blood was collected for the analysis of serum inflammatory factors including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The lower left lung was excised, stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and subjected to histopathological analysis. The mRNA and protein expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 II/I in the lower right lung tissues were detected via RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. The results showed that lung injury score was significantly higher in the LM group than that of the NC group (P < 0.01) and EA group (P < 0.01). The IL-1β contents were significantly decreased in the EA group (P < 0.01) than in the LM group. In contrast, the GF-β contents were increased in the EA group significantly when compared with the LM group (P < 0.01). RT-qPCR and Western blot detection showed that the relative gene expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin 1 was significantly lower in the EA group than in the LM group (P < 0.01). However, the relative protein expression level of LC3-II/I and Beclin 1 was slightly lower in the EA group than the in LM group (P > 0.05). These results show that electroacupuncture pretreatment reduces the inflammatory response in ALI and can protect lung tissue by inhibiting the gene and protein expression levels of LC3-II/I and Beclin 1.
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Li S, Feng G, Zhang M, Zhang X, Lu J, Feng C, Zhu F. Oxymatrine attenuates TNBS-induced colinutis in rats through TLR9/Myd88/NF-κB signal pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221078866. [PMID: 35290143 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221078866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Due to its well-known anti-inflammatory property, oxymatrine (OMT) has received more attention on the aspect of treating ulcerative colitis. Although efforts have been undertaken to understand the therapeutic mechanism of OMT on ulcerative colitis (UC), the remedial principle is still ambiguous. Numerous studies have shown that TLR9/Myd88/NF-κB signal pathway played a key role in the pathogenesis of UC. Moreover, TLR9/Myd88/NF-κB signal pathway is a part of the most important pathways for regulating the immune response.Methods: We explored the influence of OMT with different dosages on UC by establishing a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model. Moreover, the participation of TLR9/Myd88/NF-κB signal pathway and whether OMT protects against UC though targeting this pathway are further studied.Results: Our data revealed that OMT could significantly relieve the symptom of TNBS-induced colitis in rats by reactivating the tight junction protein and, more important, by inhibiting the activation of TLR9/Myd88/NF-κB pathway and protein expression levels of its downstream inflammatory factors.Conclusion: OMT could relieve colitis in rat models by impacting tight junction proteins' TLR9/Myd88/NF-κB signal pathways and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Li
- Department of Anorectal, Yangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guangqing Feng
- The Third Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jihong Lu
- Department of Anorectal, Yangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chenyahui Feng
- Department of Anorectal, Yangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fangshi Zhu
- The Third Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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