1
|
Zhang B, Du X, Fan Y, Qu G, Pang LK, Zhao R, Yao W. DLX2 promotes osteosarcoma epithelial-mesenchymal transition and doxorubicin resistance by enhancing HOXC8-CDH2 axis. iScience 2023; 26:108272. [PMID: 38026218 PMCID: PMC10651674 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis and doxorubicin resistance are challenges in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma, the mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain unclear. In this study, we found that DLX2 is highly expressed in metastatic osteosarcoma and is closely related to clinical prognosis. Knockdown of DLX2 inhibited tumor proliferation and migration in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that DLX2 enhanced the repression of CDH2 transcription by binding to HOXC8, thereby promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma cells. Through subsequent exploration, we found that targeting DLX2/HOXC8 signaling significantly restores the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to doxorubicin. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that DLX2 may enhance the transcriptional regulation of CDH2 through interacting with HOXC8, which in turn promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and doxorubicin resistance in osteosarcoma. These findings hold great potential for clinical application and may guide the development of novel targeted therapies for osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Xinhui Du
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Yichao Fan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Guoxin Qu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Lon Kai Pang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ruiying Zhao
- Department of Intergrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weitao Yao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the pivotal regulators of cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154743. [PMID: 37549518 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumor that originates from mesenchymal cells. It is considered as the eighth most frequent childhood cancer that mainly affects the tibia and femur among the teenagers and young adults. OS can be usually diagnosed by a combination of MRI and surgical biopsy. The intra-arterial cisplatin (CDDP) and Adriamycin is one of the methods of choices for the OS treatment. CDDP induces tumor cell death by disturbing the DNA replication. Although, CDDP has a critical role in improving the clinical complication in OS patients, a high ratio of CDDP resistance is observed among these patients. Prolonged CDDP administrations have also serious side effects in normal tissues and organs. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms of CDDP resistance should be clarified to define the novel therapeutic modalities in OS. Multidrug resistance (MDR) can be caused by various cellular and molecular processes such as drug efflux, detoxification, and signaling pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the key regulators of CDDP response by the post transcriptional regulation of target genes involved in MDR. In the present review we have discussed all of the miRNAs associated with CDDP response in OS cells. It was observed that the majority of reported miRNAs increased CDDP sensitivity in OS cells through the regulation of signaling pathways, apoptosis, transporters, and autophagy. This review highlights the miRNAs as reliable non-invasive markers for the prediction of CDDP response in OS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Osteosarcoma Growth through a Src Kinase-Dependent Mechanism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5563691. [PMID: 34422073 PMCID: PMC8376467 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5563691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor associated with high mortality rates due to the toxic side effects of current therapeutic methods. Tanshinone IIA can inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in vitro, but the exact mechanism is still unknown. The aims of this study are to explore the antiosteosarcoma effect of tanshinone IIA via Src kinase and demonstrate the mechanism of this effect. Materials and Methods Osteosarcoma MG-63 and U2-OS cell lines were stable transfections with Src-shRNA. Then, the antiosteosarcoma effect of tanshinone IIA was tested in vitro. The protein expression levels of Src, p-Src, p-ERK1/2, and p-AKt were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. CCK-8 assay and BrdU immunofluorescence assay were used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay, cell scratch assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect cell invasion, migration, and cell cycle. Tumor-bearing nude mice with osteosarcoma were constructed. The effect of tanshinone IIA was detected by tumor HE staining, tumor inhibition rate, incidence of lung metastasis, and X-ray. Results The oncogene role of Src kinase in osteosarcoma is reflected in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and in inhibiting apoptosis. However, Src has different effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation among cell lines. At a cellular level, the antiosteosarcoma effect of tanshinone IIA is mediated by Src downstream of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKt signaling pathways. At the animal level, tanshinone IIA played a role in resisting osteosarcoma formation by Src downstream of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKt signaling pathways. Conclusion Tanshinone IIA plays an antiosteosarcoma role in vitro and in vivo and inhibits the progression of osteosarcoma mediated by Src downstream of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKt signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu X, Yustein JT, Xu J. Research models and mesenchymal/epithelial plasticity of osteosarcoma. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:94. [PMID: 34022967 PMCID: PMC8141200 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00600-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most osteosarcomas (OSs) develop from mesenchymal cells at the bone with abnormal growth in young patients. OS has an annual incidence of 3.4 per million people and a 60-70% 5-year surviving rate. About 20% of OS patients have metastasis at diagnosis, and only 27% of patients with metastatic OS survive longer than 5 years. Mutation of tumor suppressors RB1, TP53, REQL4 and INK4a and/or deregulation of PI3K/mTOR, TGFβ, RANKL/NF-κB and IGF pathways have been linked to OS development. However, the agents targeting these pathways have yielded disappointing clinical outcomes. Surgery and chemotherapy remain the main treatments of OS. Recurrent and metastatic OSs are commonly resistant to these therapies. Spontaneous canine models, carcinogen-induced rodent models, transgenic mouse models, human patient-derived xenograft models, and cell lines from animal and human OSs have been developed for studying the initiation, growth and progression of OS and testing candidate drugs of OS. The cell plasticity regulated by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition transcription factors (EMT-TFs) such as TWIST1, SNAIL, SLUG, ZEB1 and ZEB2 plays an important role in maintenance of the mesenchymal status and promotion of cell invasion and metastasis of OS cells. Multiple microRNAs including miR-30/9/23b/29c/194/200, proteins including SYT-SSX1/2 fusion proteins and OVOL2, and other factors that inhibit AMF/PGI and LRP5 can suppress either the expression or activity of EMT-TFs to increase epithelial features and inhibit OS metastasis. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate OS cell plasticity should provide potential targets and therapeutic strategies for improving OS treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jason T Yustein
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sasaki M, Ishikawa T, Ishiguro M, Okazaki S, Yamauchi S, Kikuchi A, Matsuyama T, Kawada K, Tokunaga M, Uetake H, Kinugasa Y. The effectiveness of plasma miR-33a-5p as a predictive biomarker for the efficacy of colorectal cancer chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:489. [PMID: 33968205 PMCID: PMC8100963 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several chemotherapeutic options are available for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), making it important to individualize treatment regimens. Individualization requires the clinical application of biomarkers for regimen selection, which is presently insufficient. miRNAs serve an important role in the control of biological processes in several types of cancer, acting as plasma biomarkers. The current study aimed to evaluate novel plasma microRNAs for predicting chemo-resistance in chemotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by employing a Toray 3D-Gene microRNA array-based approach, which compared plasma content before and during treatment. Specific miRNAs that acted as biomarkers of the fluoropyrimidine (FP) + oxaliplatin (OX) + bevacizumab (BEV) regime, a common first-line treatment for mCRC, were searched. The plasma samples of 110 patients with mCRC who had received the FP+OX+BEV regimen were subjected to microarray analyses using the 3D-Gene miRNA microarray platform, after which miRNAs levels were quantified via reverse transcription- quantitative PCR. Patients exhibiting complete response, partial response (PR) and reduced stable disease (SD) were defined as responders. Patients with extended SD and progression disease (PD) were defined as non-responders. Following microarray analysis, miR-33a-5p was selected as the candidate miRNA as it was upregulated in non-responder plasma samples. The expression of miR-33a-5p was upregulated in the non-responders (n=15) compared with the responders (n=95) (P=0.032). The high expression group demonstrated significantly poor progression-free survival (P<0.01). To evaluate whether miR-33a-5p can serve as a marker of chemo-resistance, miR-33a-5p expression levels were assessed at the following three time-points: Pre-point (before chemotherapy); PR-point (3-months after chemotherapy began); and PD-point (the time at which recurrence or progression was recorded). The results revealed that expression levels were significantly increased at the PD-point when compared with that at the pre-point (P=0.024). The current study determined that the miR-33a-5p expression level in the plasma may serve as a predictive marker of efficacy and as a biomarker of chemo-resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Sasaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ishikawa
- Department of Specialized Surgeries, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Megumi Ishiguro
- Department of Translational Oncology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Specialized Surgeries, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yamauchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Akifumi Kikuchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Matsuyama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Kenro Kawada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Masanori Tokunaga
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uetake
- Department of Specialized Surgeries, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kinugasa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin Z, Fan Z, Zhang X, Wan J, Liu T. Cellular plasticity and drug resistance in sarcoma. Life Sci 2020; 263:118589. [PMID: 33069737 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sarcomas, originating from mesenchymal progenitor stem cells, are a group of rare malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Wide surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the most common sarcoma treatments. However, sarcomas' response rates to chemotherapy are quite low and sarcoma cells can have intrinsic or acquired resistance after treatment with chemotherapeutics drugs, leading to the development of multi-drug resistance (MDR). Cancer cellular plasticity plays pivotal roles in cancer initiation, progression, therapy resistance and cancer relapse. Moreover, cancer cellular plasticity can be regulated by a multitude of factors, such as genetic and epigenetic alterations, tumor microenvironment (TME) or selective pressure imposed by treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that cellular plasticity is involved in sarcoma progression and chemoresistance. It's essential to understand the molecular mechanisms of cellular plasticity as well as its roles in sarcoma progression and drug resistance. Therefore, this review focuses on the regulatory mechanisms and pathological roles of these diverse cellular plasticity programs in sarcoma. Additionally, we propose cellular plasticity as novel therapeutic targets to reduce sarcoma drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Lin
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Zhihua Fan
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang CC, Ying L, Barnes EA, Adams ES, Kim FY, Engel KW, Alvira CM, Cornfield DN. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell HIF-1α regulates endothelin expression via microRNA-543. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L422-L431. [PMID: 29745253 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00475.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) express endothelin (ET-1), which modulates the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia. Although cross-talk between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), an O2-sensitive transcription factor, and ET-1 is established, the cell-specific relationship between HIF-1α and ET-1 expression remains incompletely understood. We tested the hypotheses that in PASMCs 1) HIF-1α expression constrains ET-1 expression, and 2) a specific microRNA (miRNA) links HIF-1α and ET-1 expression. In human (h)PASMCs, depletion of HIF-1α with siRNA increased ET-1 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels ( P < 0.01). In HIF-1α-/- murine PASMCs, ET-1 gene and protein expression was increased ( P < 0.0001) compared with HIF-1α+/+ cells. miRNA profiles were screened in hPASMCs transfected with siRNA-HIF-1α, and RNA hybridization was performed on the Agilent (Santa Clara, CA) human miRNA microarray. With HIF-1α depletion, miRNA-543 increased 2.4-fold ( P < 0.01). In hPASMCs, miRNA-543 overexpression increased ET-1 gene ( P < 0.01) and protein ( P < 0.01) expression, decreased TWIST gene expression ( P < 0.05), and increased ET-1 gene and protein expression, compared with nontargeting controls ( P < 0.01). Moreover, we evaluated low passage hPASMCs from control and patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Compared with controls, protein expression of HIF-1α and Twist-related protein-1 (TWIST1) was decreased ( P < 0.05), and miRNA-543 and ET-1 expression increased ( P < 0.001) in hPASMCs from patients with IPAH. Thus, in PASMCs, loss of HIF-1α increases miRNA-543, which decreases Twist expression, leading to an increase in PASMC ET-1 expression. This previously undescribed link between HIF-1α and ET-1 via miRNA-543 mediated Twist suppression represents another layer of molecular regulation that might determine pulmonary vascular tone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chia Wang
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children Hospital, National Taiwan University Medical College , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Lihua Ying
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - Elizabeth A Barnes
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - Eloa S Adams
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Kaiser Oakland, Oakland, California
| | - Francis Y Kim
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Milwaukee Children's Hospital, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Karl W Engel
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| | - David N Cornfield
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School , Stanford, California
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu MH, Huang PH, Hsieh M, Tsai CH, Chen HT, Tang CH. Endothelin-1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human chondrosarcoma cells by repressing miR-300. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70232-70246. [PMID: 27602960 PMCID: PMC5342549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin predominantly composed of cartilage-producing cells. This type of bone cancer is extremely resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, but is often difficult and not always practical for metastatic disease, so more effective treatments are needed. In particular, it would be helpful to identify molecular markers as targets for therapeutic intervention. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, has been shown to enhance chondrosarcoma angiogenesis and metastasis. We report that ET-1 promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human chondrosarcoma cells. EMT is a key pathological event in cancer progression, during which epithelial cells lose their junctions and apical-basal polarity and adopt an invasive phenotype. Our study verifies that ET-1 induces the EMT phenotype in chondrosarcoma cells via the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. In addition, we show that ET-1 increases EMT by repressing miR-300, which plays an important role in EMT-enhanced tumor metastasis. We also show that miR-300 directly targets Twist, which in turn results in a negative regulation of EMT. We found a highly positive correlation between ET-1 and Twist expression levels as well as tumor stage in chondrosarcoma patient specimens. Therefore, ET-1 may represent a potential novel molecular therapeutic target in chondrosarcoma metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Huan Wu
- Physical Education Office, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Sports Recreation and Health Management Continuing Studies, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Han Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mingli Hsieh
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Te Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao Z, Rahman MA, Chen ZG, Shin DM. Multiple biological functions of Twist1 in various cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20380-20393. [PMID: 28099910 PMCID: PMC5386770 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Twist1 is a well-known regulator of transcription during embryonic organogenesis in many species. In humans, Twist1 malfunction was first linked to Saethre-Chotzen syndrome and later identified to play an essential role in tumor initiation, stemness, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and chemo-resistance in a variety of carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematological malignances. In this review, we will first focus on systematically elaborating the diverse pathological functions of Twist1 in various cancers, then delineating the intricate underlying network of molecular mechanisms, based on which we will summarize current therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment that target and modulate Twist1-involved signaling pathways. Most importantly, we will put special emphasis on revealing the independence and interdependency of these multiple biological functions of Twist1, piecing together the whole delicate picture of Twist1's diversified pathological roles in different cancers and providing new perspectives to guide future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mohammad Aminur Rahman
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Zhuo G Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jia J, Yin P, Han G, Xu M, Wang W, Bi W. MicroRNA-300 decreases cell viability, inhibits migration and promotes apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells via downregulation of Twist1. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3613-3618. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
11
|
Abstract
MicroRNA molecules have a variety of roles in cellular development and proliferation processes, including normal osteogenesis. These effects are exerted through post-translational inhibition of target genes. Altered miRNA expression has been demonstrated in several cancers, both in the tumor tissue and in the peripheral circulation. This may influence carcinogenesis if the specific miRNA targets are encoded by tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. To date, most research investigating the role of microRNAs and primary bone tumors has focused on osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Several microRNAs including the miR-34 family have been implicated in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis via effects on the Notch signaling pathway. Progression, invasion, and metastasis of osteosarcoma tumor cells is also influenced by microRNA expression. In addition, microRNA expression may affect the response to chemotherapy in osteosarcoma and thus hold potential for future use as either a prognostic indicator or a therapeutic target. The EWS-FLI1 fusion protein produced in Ewing sarcoma has been shown to induce changes in miRNA expression. MicroRNA expression profiling may have some potential for prediction of disease progression and survival in Ewing sarcoma. There is limited evidence to support a role for microRNAs in other primary bone tumors, either malignant or benign; however, early work is suggestive of involvement in chondrosarcoma, multiple osteochondromatosis, and giant cell tumors of bone.
Collapse
|
12
|
Neumann ZL, Pondenis HC, Masyr A, Byrum ML, Wycislo KL, Fan TM. The Association of Endothelin-1 Signaling with Bone Alkaline Phosphatase Expression and Protumorigenic Activities in Canine Osteosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1584-94. [PMID: 26426813 PMCID: PMC4895680 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive sarcoma characterized by pathologic skeletal resorption and pulmonary metastases. A number of negative prognostic factors, including bone alkaline phosphatase, have been identified in dogs with OS, but the underlying biologic factors responsible for such observations have not been thoroughly investigated. Endothelin‐1‐mediated signaling is active during bone repair, and is responsible for osteoblast migration, survival, proliferation, and bone alkaline phosphatase expression. Hypothesis The endothelin‐1 signaling axis is active in canine OS cells, and this pathway is utilized by malignant osteoblasts for promoting cellular migration, survival, proliferation, and bone alkaline phosphatase activities. Animals 45 dogs with appendicular OS. Methods The expressions of endothelin‐1 and endothelin A receptor were studied in OS cell lines and in samples from spontaneously occurring tumors. Activities mediated by endothelin‐1 signaling were investigated by characterizing responses in 3 OS cell lines. In 45 dogs with OS, bone alkaline phosphatase concentrations were correlated with primary tumor osteoproductivity. Results Canine OS cells express endothelin‐1 and endothelin A receptor, and this signaling axis mediates OS migration, survival, proliferation, and bone alkaline phosphatase activities. In OS‐bearing dogs, circulating bone alkaline phosphatase activities were positively correlated with primary tumor relative bone mineral densities. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Canine OS cells express endothelin‐1 and functional endothelin A receptors, with the potential for a protumorigenic signaling loop. Increases in bone alkaline phosphatase activity are associated with osteoblastic OS lesions, and might be an epiphenomenon of active endothelin‐1 signaling or excessive osteoproduction within the localized bone microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z L Neumann
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - H C Pondenis
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - A Masyr
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - M L Byrum
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - K L Wycislo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - T M Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lei P, Ding D, Xie J, Wang L, Liao Q, Hu Y. Expression profile of Twist, vascular endothelial growth factor and CD34 in patients with different phases of osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:417-421. [PMID: 26171042 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance of Twist, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD34 expression in osteosarcoma (OS) in order to elucidate potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of OS. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the protein expression of Twist, VEGF and CD34 in OS and osteochondroma (OC) tissues. The ratio of the protein expression of Twist and VEGF in OS and OC tissues as well as at different phases of OS was compared using chi-squared tests. Microvessel density (MVD), as determined by CD34 labeling, in OS and OC tissue as well as at different phases of OS was compared using the Student's t-test. In addition, associations between Twist, VEGF and MVD were assessed using the Spearman's rank correlation test. The results revealed that out of the 32 OS tissues examined, 56.25% exhibited Twist positive expression, 71.88% exhibited VEGF positive expression and the MVD was increased compared with that of the OC tissue. The positive rate of Twist and VEGF expression in phase III OS tissues was significantly increased compared with that in phase I/II OS tissues (Twist: χ2=5.732, P=0.018; VEGF: χ2=7.513, P=0.006). The MVD in phase III OS tissues (31.08±3.36 per field) was significantly higher compared with that of the phase I/II OS tissues (41.2±4.17 per field; t=7.536, P<0.001). Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed that Twist expression was positively associated with VEGF expression (r=0.371, P=0.002) and with MVD (r=0.393, P=0.001) in OS; in addition, VEGF expression was found to have a positive correlation with MVD (r=0.469, P=0.001). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that OS tissues exhibited elevated Twist and VEGF expression as well as MVD compared with OC tissue. In addition, metastatic OS (phase III) exhibited an increased positive rate of Twist and VEGF expression as well as MVD values compared with non-metastatic OS (phase I/II). Furthermore associations were detected between Twist and VEGF expression as well as VEGF and MVD. Therefore, inhibition of Twist expression may have potential therapeutic use for the treatment of OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Dengfeng Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiande Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chang L, Shrestha S, LaChaud G, Scott MA, James AW. Review of microRNA in osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Med Oncol 2015; 32:613. [PMID: 25920607 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, which play a complex role in posttranscriptional gene expression and can theoretically be used as a diagnostic or prognostic tool, or therapeutic target for neoplasia. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of skeletal sarcomas, including osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma, much remains unknown regarding their underpinning molecular mechanisms. Given the recent increasing knowledge base of miRNA roles in neoplasia, both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, this review will focus on the available literature regarding the expression profiles and potential roles of miRNA in skeletal sarcomas. Although this is an emerging field, miRNA profiling may be of use in clarifying competing diagnoses of skeletal sarcomas and possibly indicate patient risk of resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. While detecting and targeting miRNAs is currently limited to experimental investigations, miRNA may be utilized for future clinical management of skeletal sarcomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., 13-145 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
PI3K/Akt signaling in osteosarcoma. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 444:182-92. [PMID: 25704303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common nonhematologic bone malignancy in children and adolescents. Despite the advances of adjuvant chemotherapy and significant improvement of survival, the prognosis remains generally poor. As such, the search for more effective anti-OS agents is urgent. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is thought to be one of the most important oncogenic pathways in human cancer. An increasing body of evidence has shown that this pathway is frequently hyperactivated in OS and contributes to disease initiation and development, including tumorigenesis, proliferation, invasion, cell cycle progression, inhibition of apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance. Inhibition of this pathway through small molecule compounds represents an attractive potential therapeutic approach for OS. The aim of this review is to summarize the roles of the PI3K/Akt pathway in the development and progression of OS, and to highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting this signaling pathway. Knowledge obtained from the application of these compounds will help in further understanding the pathogenesis of OS and designing subsequent treatment strategies.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and characterized by aggressive biologic behavior of metastatic propensity to the lung. Change of treatment paradigm brings survival benefit; however, 5-year survival rate is still low in patients having metastastatic foci at diagnosis for a few decades. Metastasis-associated protein (MTA) family is a group of ubiquitously expressed coregulators, which influences on tumor invasiveness or metastasis. MTA1 has been investigated in various cancers including osteosarcoma, and its overexpression is associated with high-risk features of cancers. In this review, we described various molecular studies of osteosarcoma, especially associated with MTA1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Sun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160, Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea,
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou Y, Liu B, Wang M, Ni J. Endothelin-1 gene polymorphisms and risk of chemoresistant pediatric osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:612-7. [PMID: 24123836 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common childhood bone cancer. Chemoresistance is the principal reason for poor survival and disease recurrence in OS patients, and ET-1 reportedly plays an important role in the development of chemoresistance in OS cells. In the present study, we for the first time explored the association of endothelin-1 (ET-1) SNPs and haplotypes with the risk of chemoresistant pediatric OS. PROCEDURE We genotyped three SNPs (rs1800541, rs2070699, and rs5370) in the ET-1 gene in a case-control study, using 350 pairs of age, sex, and tumor location and stage matched pediatric patients with OS. Patients who showed <90% tumor necrosis after neochemotherapy were defined as poor responders (cases), and those who showed ≥90% tumor necrosis were defined as good responders (controls). RESULTS The G allele at rs1800541 and the G allele at rs2070699 were associated with reduced and increased risk of chemoresistant OS, respectively. The rs1800541-rs2070699 haplotypes TG and GT were respectively associated with increased (P = 0.012; adjusted OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.10-5.65) and reduced (P = 0.009; adjusted OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.14-0.84) risk of chemoresistant OS. The TG and the GT haplotypes have a gene-dosage effect on increasing and decreasing the ET-1 expression in primary OS tumor cells from chemoresistant pediatric OS subjects, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence of an association between the ET-1 gene SNPs and haplotypes and the risk of chemoresistant pediatric OS, potentially adding new insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of chemoresistant OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhou Y, Huang Z, Wu S, Zang X, Liu M, Shi J. miR-33a is up-regulated in chemoresistant osteosarcoma and promotes osteosarcoma cell resistance to cisplatin by down-regulating TWIST. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:12. [PMID: 24468065 PMCID: PMC3974149 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miRNAs are involved in osteosarcoma (OS) chemoresistance, and TWIST reportedly enhances cisplatin-induced OS cell apoptosis by inhibiting multiple signaling pathways. In this study, we profiled miRNAs differentially expressed in chemoresistant OS, with a focus to identify miRNAs that regulate TWIST expression and OS chemoresistance. METHODS OS patients who showed <90% tumor necrosis after neochemotherapy were defined as poor responders (chemoresistant), and those who showed ≥90% tumor necrosis were defined as good responders (control). miRNA microarray analysis was carried out with a discovery cohort (n = 12) of age-, sex- and tumor stage-matched chemoresistant and control OS patients. RESULTS Among the up-regulated miRNAs in chemoresistant OS samples, miR-33a was verified to down-regulate TWIST expression, which was supported by an inverse miRNA-33a/TWIST expression trend in the validation cohort (n = 70), target-sequence-specific inhibition of TWIST-3' untranslated region-luciferase reporter activity by miR-33a, and alteration of TWIST expression by overexpression or inhibition of miR-33a in human OS cell lines. In Saos-2 cells treated with cisplatin, inhibition of miR-33a by antagomir-33a markedly increased cell apoptosis, which was enhanced by overexpression of TWIST. The apoptosis-inducing effect of TWIST overexpression was reversed by overexpression of miR-33a. In MG-63 cells, overexpression of miR-33a significantly decreased cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis, which was enhanced by knockdown of TWIST. Antagomir-33a significantly increased cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis, which was reversed by knockdown of TWIST. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated in this study that miR-33a is up-regulated in chemoresistant OS and that the miR-33a level is negatively correlated with the TWIST protein level in OS. Our in vitro data indicate that miR-33a promotes OS cell resistance to cisplatin by down-regulating TWIST; on the other hand, inhibition of miR-33a by antagomir-33a enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis in OS cells by up-regulating TWIST expression. The findings suggest that inhibition of miR-33a/TWIST signaling could be a potential new strategy to enhance neoadjuvant chemotherapy for OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zufa Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang G, Yuan J, Li K. EMT transcription factors: implication in osteosarcoma. Med Oncol 2013; 30:697. [PMID: 23975634 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The primary malignant bone tumor, osteosarcoma, is a deadly disorder. Its etiology is complex, and treatment is mostly obscure. The transcription factors (TFs) involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) have significant role in osteosarcoma. A number of evidence suggests that overexpression of EMT-TFs, such as Twist, Snails and Zebs, is involved in complex pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. Recent research studies have showed some extent of promise in osteosarcoma treatment by targeting these EMT-TFs. However, success in research on osteosarcoma-EMT-TFs axis is just in primary stage, and a long way to go. Targeting Twist, Snail or Zeb by specific molecules or chemotherapeutic agents may provide a new dimension in osteosarcoma treatment by controlling metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87-Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|