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Geng R, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. α-Ionone protects against UVB-induced photoaging in epidermal keratinocytes. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2023; 15:132-138. [PMID: 36875429 PMCID: PMC9975636 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether α-ionone, an aromatic compound mainly found in raspberries, carrots, roasted almonds, fruits, and herbs, inhibits UVB-mediated photoaging and barrier dysfunction in a human epidermal keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells). Methods The anti-photoaging effect of α-ionone was evaluated by detecting the expression of barrier-related genes and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in HaCaT cells. The levels of reactive oxygen species, oxidation product, antioxidant enzyme, and inflammatory factors were further analysed to underline the protective effect of α-ionone on epidermal photoaging. Results It was found that α-ionone attenuated UVB-induced barrier dysfunction by reversing keratin 1 and filaggrin in HaCaT cells. α-Ionone also reduced the protein amount of MMP-1 and mRNA expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells, implying protective effects on extracellular matrix. Furthermore, HaCaT cells exposed to α-ionone showed significant decreases in interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α as compared to UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. α-Ionone treatment significantly inhibited the UVB-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species increase and malondialdehyde accumulation. Therefore, the beneficial effects of α-ionone on inhibiting MMPs secretion and barrier damage may be related to attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress. Conclusion Our results highlight the protective effects of α-ionone on epidermal photoaging and promote its clinic application as a potential natural anti-photodamage agent in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, 61 Dorimri, Chungkyemyon, Muangun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100083, China
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2
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Chitosan Oligosaccharides Alleviate H2O2-stimulated Granulosa Cell Damage via HIF-1α Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4247042. [PMID: 35401926 PMCID: PMC8993563 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4247042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte maturation disorder and decreased quality are the main causes of infertility in women, and granulosa cells (GCs) provide the only microenvironment for oocyte maturation through autocrine and paracrine signaling by steroid hormones and growth factors. However, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress caused by ovarian hypoxia are the largest contributors to ovarian aging and GC dysfunction. Therefore, the amelioration of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress is expected to be a pivotal method to improve GC function and oocyte quality. In this study, we detected the protective effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), on hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) stimulated oxidative damage in a human ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN). COS significantly increased cell viability, mitochondrial function, and the cellular glutathione (GSH) content and reduced apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and the levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) in H2O2-stimulated KGN cells. COS treatment significantly increased levels of the TGF-β1 and IL-10 proteins and decreased levels of the IL-6 protein. Compared with H2O2-stimulated KGN cells, COS significantly increased the levels of E2 and P4 and decreased SA-β-gal protein expression. Furthermore, COS caused significant inactivation of the HIF-1α-VEGF pathway in H2O2-stimulated KGN cells. Moreover, inhibition of this pathway enhanced the inhibitory effects of COS on H2O2-stimulated oxidative injury and apoptosis in GCs. Thus, COS protected GCs from H2O2-stimulated oxidative damage and apoptosis by inactivating the HIF-1α-VEGF signaling pathway. In the future, COS might represent a therapeutic approach for ameliorating disrupted follicle development.
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Park WH. Propyl gallate decreases the proliferation of Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells via affecting reactive oxygen species and glutathione levels. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:436-449. [PMID: 34464457 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Propyl gallate (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester, PG) has an anti-proliferative effect in various cells. In this study, Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells were used to examine the anti-proliferative effect of PG in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels. PG (100-1,600 μM) dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of Calu-6 and A549 cells at 24 h, and PG at 800-1,600 μM strongly induced cell death in both cell lines. PG (800-1,600 μM) increased cellular metabolism in Calu-6 but not A549 cells at 4 h. PG either increased or decreased ROS levels, including O2 ˙- and ˙OH, depending on the incubation doses and times of 1 or 24 h. Even these effects differed between Calu-6 and A549 cell types. PG reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Calu-6 cells, and it augmented the activity of catalase in A549 cells. PG dose-dependently increased the number of GSH depleted cells in both Calu-6 and A549 cells at 24 h. In addition, PG decreased GSH levels in both lung cancer cells at 1 h. Furthermore, diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC; an inhibitor of SOD) and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT; an inhibitor of catalase) differently affected cellular metabolism, ROS and GSH levels in PG-treated and PG-untreated Calu-6 and A549 cells at 1 h. In conclusion, PG dose-dependently decreased the proliferation of Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells, which was related to changes in ROS levels and the depletion of GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Hyun Park
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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4
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Boosting the Photoaged Skin: The Potential Role of Dietary Components. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051691. [PMID: 34065733 PMCID: PMC8156873 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin photoaging is mainly induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and its manifestations include dry skin, coarse wrinkle, irregular pigmentation, and loss of skin elasticity. Dietary supplementation of nutraceuticals with therapeutic and preventive effects against skin photoaging has recently received increasing attention. This article aims to review the research progress in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of UV-induced skin photoaging. Subsequently, the beneficial effects of dietary components on skin photoaging are discussed. The photoaging process and the underlying mechanisms are complex. Matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factors, skin adipose tissue, inflammation, oxidative stress, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, telomeres, microRNA, advanced glycation end products, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and transient receptor potential cation channel V are key regulators that drive the photoaging-associated changes in skin. Meanwhile, mounting evidence from animal models and clinical trials suggests that various food-derived components attenuate the development and symptoms of skin photoaging. The major mechanisms of these dietary components to alleviate skin photoaging include the maintenance of skin moisture and extracellular matrix content, regulation of specific signaling pathways involved in the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix, and antioxidant capacity. Taken together, the ingestion of food-derived functional components could be an attractive strategy to prevent skin photoaging damage.
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Jeon S, Yoon YS, Kim HK, Han J, Lee KM, Seol JE, Cho SK, Park CS. Ablation of CRBN induces loss of type I collagen and SCH in mouse skin by fibroblast senescence via the p38 MAPK pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6406-6419. [PMID: 33658395 PMCID: PMC7993720 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate receptor of the cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL) complex that mediates the ubiquitination of several substrates. In this study, CRBN knockout (KO) mice exhibited decreased levels of stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and collagen I expression with an elevated protein level of matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP1). The absence of cereblon in the skin of CRBN KO mice mimics the damage caused by narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). The primary CRBN deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) undergo G2/M-arrested premature senescence via protein signaling of p38 MAPK and its dependent p53/p21pathway. The absence of CRBN induced the markers of cellular senescence, such as the senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), SA-β-Gal staining, and p21 upregulation while the ectopic expression of CRBN reversed the phenotypes of SA-β-Gal staining and p21 upregulation. Reversion of the decreased protein level of collagen I was demonstrated after the reintroduction of the CRBN gene back into CRBN KO MEFs, validating the promising role of CRBN as a potential regulator for the function of the skin barrier and its cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungje Jeon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Seul Yoon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Min Lee
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, and Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Seol
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Steve K Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Integrated Institute of Bio-Medical Research, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Integrated Institute of Bio-Medical Research, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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6
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Kim WS, Kim YE, Cho EJ, Byun EB, Park WY, Song HY, Kim K, Park SH, Byun EH. Neuroprotective effect of Annona muricata-derived polysaccharides in neuronal HT22 cell damage induced by hydrogen peroxide. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1001-1012. [PMID: 31960754 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1715201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Crude extracts and phytochemical compounds derived from Annona muricata leaves have been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects. However, the neuroprotective effects of Annona muricata leaves-derived polysaccharide extracts (ALPs) have not been investigated. ALP treatment was shown to induce concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in HT22 cells, and to increase cell viability in H2O2-treated HT22 cells. These effects were correlated with a decrease in major components of oxidation, including: Ca2+, ROS, and malondialdehyde (MDA). Mediators of the intracellular response to oxidation, including Bax, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspases-3, -8, -9, MAPKs, and NF-κB, were positively influenced by ALP treatment under conditions of H2O2-mediated oxidative stress. In addition, ALP restored the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and associated signaling pathways (PARP, PI3K/AKT and Nrf2-mediated HO-1/NQO-1) following H2O2 treatment. These results provide new pharmacological evidence that ALP facilitates neuroprotection via prevention of neuronal oxidative stress and promotion of cell survival signaling pathways.Abbreviations: ABTS: 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid); AD: Alzheimer's disease; ALP: polysaccharide extracts isolated from Annona muricata leaves; ARE: antioxidant response element; DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl; DCFH-DA: 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate; ECL: electrochemiluminescence; ERK: extracellular regulated kinase; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; FITC: fluorescein isothiocyanate; FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power; HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1; JNK: c-jun N-terminal kinase; MAPKs: mitogen-activated protein kinases; MDA: malondialdehyde; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide; NQO1: NAD(P)H:quinine oxidoreductase 1, Nrf2: nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2; PD: parkinson's disease; PI3K: phosphatidylinositol-3kinase; PVDF: polyvinylidene difluoride; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SOD: Superoxidedismutase; TPTZ: tripydyltriazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Sik Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Yi-Eun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Woo Yong Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwangwook Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Hong Byun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
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MAPK Pathway Inhibitors Attenuated Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Damage in Neural Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5962014. [PMID: 31355271 PMCID: PMC6637717 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5962014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species plays a central role in pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades attenuates the oxidative induced cell stress and behaves as potential neuroprotection agent. Materials and Methods In this study, we evaluate hydrogen peroxide induced neural cell stress and determine how different MAPK inhibitors restore the cell damage. Results The results indicated that oxidative stress induced by neural cell damage commonly exists, and MAPK inhibitors partially and selectively attenuated the cell damage by reducing ROS production and cell apoptosis. The cultured neurons are more susceptible to hydrogen peroxide than subculture cells. Conclusion We conclude that the essential role of different MAPK inhibitors is to attenuate the hydrogen peroxide induced neuronal cell damage. Those data broaden the implication between individual neural cells and different MAPK inhibitors and give clues for oxidative stress induced neural diseases.
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8
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Cheng J, Yang HL, Gu CJ, Liu YK, Shao J, Zhu R, He YY, Zhu XY, Li MQ. Melatonin restricts the viability and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells by suppressing HIF-1α/ROS/VEGF. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:945-955. [PMID: 30569127 PMCID: PMC6317691 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process involved in various physiological, including placentation, and pathological, including cancer and endometriosis, processes. Melatonin (MLT), a well-known natural hormone secreted primarily in the pineal gland, is involved in regulating neoangiogenesis and inhibiting the development of a variety of cancer types, including lung and breast cancer. However, the specific mechanism of its anti-angiogenesis activity has not been systematically elucidated. In the present study, the effect of MLT on viability and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), under normoxia or hypoxia was analyzed using Cell Counting kit 8, tube formation, flow cytometry, ELISA and western blot assays. It was determined that the secretion of VEGF by HUVECs was significantly increased under hypoxia, while MLT selectively obstructed VEGF release as well as the production of ROS under hypoxia. Furthermore, MLT inhibited the viability of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner and reversed the increase in cell viability and tube formation that was induced by hypoxia/VEGF/H2O2. Additionally, treatment with an inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α (KC7F2) and MLT synergistically reduced the release of ROS and VEGF, and inhibited cell viability and tube formation of HUVECs. These observations demonstrate that MLT may serve dual roles in the inhibition of angiogenesis, as an antioxidant and a free radical scavenging agent. MLT suppresses the viability and angiogenesis of HUVECs through the downregulation of HIF-1α/ROS/VEGF. In summary, the present data indicate that MLT may be a potential anticancer agent in solid tumors with abundant blood vessels, particularly combined with KC7F2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Cheng
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Li Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Jie Gu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Kai Liu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shao
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Center for Human Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Yan He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yong Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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9
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Wu H, Jiang K, Yin N, Ma X, Zhao G, Qiu C, Deng G. Thymol mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis by regulating the TLR4- and ROS-mediated NF-κB signaling pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20042-20055. [PMID: 28223539 PMCID: PMC5386742 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thymol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses and to clarify the potential mechanism of these effects. LPS-induced mouse endometritis was used to confirm the anti-inflammatory action of thymol in vivo. RAW264.7 cells were used to examine the molecular mechanism and targets of thymol in vitro. In vivo, thymol markedly alleviated LPS-induced pathological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in mice. Further studies were performed to examine the expression of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) -mediated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. These results showed that the expression of the TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway was inhibited by thymol treatment. In vitro, we observed that thymol dose-dependently inhibited the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, the results obtained from immunofluorescence assays also indicated that thymol dose-dependently suppressed LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Silencing of TLR4 inhibited NF-κB pathway activation. Furthermore, H2O2 treatment increased the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα, which were decreased when treated with N-acetyl cysteine or thymol. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory effects of thymol are associated with activation of the TLR4 or ROS signaling pathways, contributing to NF-κB activation, thereby alleviating LPS-induced oxidative and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichong Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangfeng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Nannan Yin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Changwei Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
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10
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Far-infrared suppresses skin photoaging in ultraviolet B-exposed fibroblasts and hairless mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174042. [PMID: 28301572 PMCID: PMC5354422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) induces skin photoaging, which is characterized by thickening, wrinkling, pigmentation, and dryness. Collagen, which is one of the main building blocks of human skin, is regulated by collagen synthesis and collagen breakdown. Autophagy was found to block the epidermal hyperproliferative response to UVB and may play a crucial role in preventing skin photoaging. In the present study, we investigated whether far-infrared (FIR) therapy can inhibit skin photoaging via UVB irradiation in NIH 3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts and SKH-1 hairless mice. We found that FIR treatment significantly increased procollagen type I through the induction of the TGF-β/Smad axis. Furthermore, UVB significantly enhanced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-9. FIR inhibited UVB-induced MMP-1 and MMP-9. Treatment with FIR reversed UVB-decreased type I collagen. In addition, FIR induced autophagy by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In UVB-induced skin photoaging in a hairless mouse model, FIR treatment resulted in decreased skin thickness in UVB irradiated mice and inhibited the degradation of collagen fibers. Moreover, FIR can increase procollagen type I via the inhibition of MMP-9 and induction of TGF-β in skin tissues. Therefore, our study provides evidence for the beneficial effects of FIR exposure in a model of skin photoaging.
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11
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Hsia TC, Yin MC. s-Ethyl Cysteine ands-Methyl Cysteine Protect Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Injury. J Food Sci 2015; 80:H2094-101. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Te-chun Hsia
- Dept. of Respiratory Therapy; China Medical Univ; Taichung City Taiwan
- Dept. of Internal Medicine; China Medical Univ. Hospital; Taichung City Taiwan
| | - Mei-chin Yin
- Dept. of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology; Asia Univ; Taichung City Taiwan
- Dept. of Nutrition; China Medical Univ; Taichung City Taiwan
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12
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Tsao SM, Yin MC. Antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities of asiatic acid, glycyrrhizic acid, and oleanolic acid in human bronchial epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3196-3204. [PMID: 25779760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Protective effects of triterpenic acids, asiatic acid (AA), glycyrrhizic acid (GA), or oleanolic acid (OA), for two human bronchial epithelial cells, 16HBE and BEAS-2B cells, against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced injury were examined. Cells were pretreated by triterpenic acid at 4 or 8 μmol/L and followed by H2O2 treatment. Results showed that H2O2 significantly upregulated both Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression, and also downregulated Bcl-2 expression in test cells. AA at these doses retained Bcl-2 expression, but GA and OA only at 8 μmol/L reserved Bcl-2 expression. Test triterpenic acids lowered cleaved caspase-3 expression dose-dependently. H2O2 treatment lowered Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity and mitochondrial membrane potential in cells. Triterpenic acid pretreatments significantly maintained mitochondrial membrane potential and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity. H2O2 enhanced reactive oxygen species, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2 levels in test cells. Three triterpenic acid treatments dose-dependently reversed these changes. H2O2 promoted the protein expression of p47(phox), gp91(phox), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). AA, GA, or OA pretreatments dose-dependently downregulated the expression of p47(phox), COX-2, NF-κB p65, and p-p38 but only at 8 μmol/L decreased gp91(phox) expression. These results support that these triterpenic acids could protect bronchial epithelial cells to attenuate apoptotic, oxidative, and inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ming Tsao
- †Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- ‡Sections of Infectious Diseases and Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Yin
- §Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- ∥Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Hwang E, Park SY, Lee HJ, Lee TY, Sun ZW, Yi TH. Gallic acid regulates skin photoaging in UVB-exposed fibroblast and hairless mice. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1778-88. [PMID: 25131997 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the primary factor in skin photoaging, which is characterized by wrinkle formation, dryness, and thickening. The mechanisms underlying skin photoaging are closely associated with degradation of collagen via upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, which is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Gallic acid (GA), a phenolic compound, possesses a variety of biological activities including antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. We investigated the protective effects of GA against photoaging caused by UVB irradiation using normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) in vitro and hairless mice in vivo. The production levels of ROS, interlukin-6, and MMP-1 were significantly suppressed, and type I procollagen expression was stimulated in UVB-irradiated and GA-treated NHDFs. GA treatment inhibited the activity of transcription factor activation protein 1. The effects of GA following topical application and dietary administration were examined by measuring wrinkle formation, histological modification, protein expression, and physiological changes such as stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss, and erythema index. We found that GA decreased dryness, skin thickness, and wrinkle formation via negative modulation of MMP-1 secretion and positive regulation of elastin, type I procollagen, and transforming growth factor-β1. Our data indicate that GA is a potential candidate for the prevention of UVB-induced premature skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunson Hwang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Global Campus, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Korea
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Apigenin induces the apoptosis and regulates MAPK signaling pathways in mouse macrophage ANA-1 cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92007. [PMID: 24646936 PMCID: PMC3960135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Apigenin is a naturally occurring plant flavonoid that possesses antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. However, there are few reports has been done on the ability of apigenin to induce apoptosis in macrophages. In this study, mouse macrophage ANA-1 cells were incubated with different concentrations of apigenin. The cell viability was determined by an MTT assay. The cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometric analysis. Apoptosis were also analyzed using a TUNEL assay and a DNA ladder. The level of intracellular ROS was detected using a dichlorofluorescein -diacetate probe. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. The results showed that apigenin decreased the viability of ANA-1 cells and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Apigenin increased the level of intracellular ROS, downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and upregulated the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-8 in ANA-1 cells. Furthermore, apigenin downregulated the expression of phospho-ERK and phospho-JNK, upregulated the expression of phospho-p38 and had no significant effect on the expression of Bax, ERK, JNK and p38. The results suggested that apigenin induced cell apoptosis in mouse macrophage ANA-1 cells may via increasing intracellular ROS, regulating the MAPK pathway, and then inhibiting Bcl-2 expression.
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