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La Salvia A, Meyer ML, Hirsch FR, Kerr KM, Landi L, Tsao MS, Cappuzzo F. Rediscovering immunohistochemistry in lung cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104401. [PMID: 38815876 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Several observations indicate that protein expression analysis by immunohistochemistry (IHC) remains relevant in individuals with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) when considering targeted therapy, as an early step in diagnosis and for therapy selection. Since the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS), the role of IHC in testing for NSCLC biomarkers has been forgotten or ignored. We discuss how protein-level investigations maintain a critical role in defining sensitivity to lung cancer therapies in oncogene- and non-oncogene-addicted cases and in patients eligible for immunotherapy, suggesting that IHC testing should be reconsidered in clinical practice. We also argue how a panel of IHC tests should be considered complementary to NGS and other genomic assays. This is relevant to current clinical diagnostic practice but with potential future roles to optimize the selection of patients for innovative therapies. At the same time, strict validation of antibodies, assays, scoring systems, and intra- and interobserver reproducibility is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna La Salvia
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome 00161, Italy
| | - May-Lucie Meyer
- Center for Thoracic Oncology/Tisch Cancer Institute and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Center for Thoracic Oncology/Tisch Cancer Institute and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keith M Kerr
- Aberdeen University School of Medicine & Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Lorenza Landi
- Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy.
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Ning N, Lu J, Li Q, Li M, Cai Y, Wang H, Li J. Single-sEV profiling identifies the TACSTD2 + sEV subpopulation as a factor of tumor susceptibility in the elderly. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:222. [PMID: 38698420 PMCID: PMC11067244 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a very complex physiological phenomenon, and sEVs are involved in the regulation of this mechanism. Serum samples from healthy individuals under 30 and over 60 years of age were collected to analyze differences in sEVs proteomics. RESULTS Based on PBA analysis, we found that sEVs from the serum of elderly individuals highly express TACSTD2 and identified a subpopulation marked by TACSTD2. Using ELISA, we verified the upregulation of TACSTD2 in serum from elderly human and aged mouse. In addition, we discovered that TACSTD2 was significantly increased in samples from tumor patients and had better diagnostic value than CEA. Specifically, 9 of the 13 tumor groups exhibited elevated TACSTD2, particularly for cervical cancer, colon cancer, esophageal carcinoma, liver cancer and thyroid carcinoma. Moreover, we found that serum sEVs from the elderly (especially those with high TACSTD2 levels) promoted tumor cell (SW480, HuCCT1 and HeLa) proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION TACSTD2 was upregulated in the serum of elderly individuals and patients with tumors, and could serve as a dual biomarker for aging and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ning
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Jianying Lu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianpeng Li
- Department of Hematology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanling Cai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hongchun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China.
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Wu Y, Li T, Zhang X, Jing H, Li F, Huo L. Preclinical evaluation of the theranostic potential of 89Zr/ 177Lu-labeled anti-TROP-2 antibody in triple-negative breast cancer model. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:5. [PMID: 38194043 PMCID: PMC10776551 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors among women, characterized by high invasiveness, high heterogeneity, and lack of specific therapeutic targets such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (TROP-2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein over-expressed in 80% of TNBC patients and is associated with the occurrence, progress, and poor prognosis of TNBC. The TROP-2 targeted immunoPET imaging allows non-invasive quantification of the TROP-2 expression levels of tumors, which could help to screen beneficiaries most likely to respond to SG and predict the response. This study aimed to develop a 89Zr/177Lu-radiolabeled anti-TROP-2 antibody (NY003) for immunoPET and SPECT imaging, as well as radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in TROP-2 (+)TNBC tumor-bearing model. Based on the camelid antibody, we developed a TROP-2 targeted recombinant antibody NY003. NY003 was conjugated with DFO and DTPA for 89Zr and 177Lu radiolabelling, respectively. The theranostic potential of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NY003/[177Lu]Lu-DTPA-NY003 was evaluated through immunoPET, SPECT imaging, and RIT studies in the subcutaneous TROP-2 positive TNBC xenograft mice model. RESULTS The high binding affinity of NY003 to TROP-2 was verified through ELISA. The radiochemical purity of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NY003/[177Lu]Lu-DTPA-NY003 exceeded 95% and remained stable within 144h p.i. in vitro. ImmunoPET and SPECT imaging showed the specific accumulation of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NY003/[177Lu]Lu-DTPA-NY003 in MDA-MB-231 tumors and gradually increased with the time tested, significantly higher than that in control groups (P < 0.05). The strongest anti-tumor efficacy was observed in the high-dose of [177Lu]Lu-DTPA-NY003 group, followed by the low-dose group, the tumor growth was significantly suppressed by [177Lu]Lu-DTPA-NY003, the tumor volumes of both high- and low-dose groups were smaller than the control groups (P < 0.05). Ex vivo biodistribution and histological staining verified the results of in vivo imaging and RIT studies. CONCLUSION As a drug platform for radiotheranostics, 89Zr/177Lu-radiolabeled anti-TROP-2 antibody NY003 could not only non-invasively screen the potential beneficiaries for optimizing SG ADC treatment but also suppressed the growth of TROP-2 positive TNBC tumors, strongly supporting the theranostic potential of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NY003/[177Lu]Lu-DTPA-NY003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Wu
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Center for Rare Diseases Research Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tuo Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Center for Rare Diseases Research Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hongli Jing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Center for Rare Diseases Research Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Center for Rare Diseases Research Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Li Huo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Center for Rare Diseases Research Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Belluomini L, Avancini A, Sposito M, Milella M, Rossi A, Pilotto S. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting TROP-2 in lung cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2023; 23:1077-1087. [PMID: 36995069 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2023.2198087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The advent of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represents a renewed strategy in the era of precision oncology. Several epithelial tumors harbor overexpression of the trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP-2), which represents a predictor of poor prognosis and a promising target for anticancer therapy. AREAS COVERED In this review, we aim to collect the available preclinical and clinical data regarding anti-TROP-2 ADCs in lung cancer obtained through extensive literature research and screening of the available abstract/posters presented at recent meetings. EXPERT OPINION Anti-TROP-2 ADCs represent an innovative upcoming weapon against both non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer subtypes, pending the results of several ongoing trials. The proper combination and placement of this agent throughout the lung cancer treatment pathway, the identification of potentially predictive biomarkers of benefit, as well as the optimal management and impact of peculiar toxicity (i.e. interstitial lung disease) are the next questions to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Belluomini
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Avancini
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Sposito
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Oncology Centre of Excellence, Therapeutic Science & Strategy Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Pilotto
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
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Leal T, Socinski MA. Emerging agents for the treatment of advanced or metastatic NSCLC without actionable genomic alterations with progression on first-line therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:817-833. [PMID: 37486248 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2235895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as monotherapy or in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, have emerged as the standard of care first-line treatment option for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without actionable genomic alterations (AGAs). Despite significant improvements in patient outcomes with these regimens, primary or acquired resistance is common and most patients develop disease progression, resulting in poor survival. AREAS COVERED We review the current treatments commonly used for NSCLC without AGAs in the first-line and subsequent settings and describe the unmet needs for these patients in the second-line setting, including a lack of standard definitions for primary and required resistance, and few effective treatment options for patients who develop progression of their disease on first-line therapy. We describe key mechanisms of resistance to ICIs and emerging therapies that are being investigated for patients who develop progression on ICIs and platinum-based chemotherapy. EXPERT OPINION Emerging agents in development have a variety of different mechanisms of action and will likely change standard of care for second-line therapy and beyond for patients with NSCLC without AGAs in the future.
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Levy BP, Felip E, Reck M, Yang JC, Cappuzzo F, Yoneshima Y, Zhou C, Rawat S, Xie J, Basak P, Xu L, Sands J. TROPION-Lung08: phase III study of datopotamab deruxtecan plus pembrolizumab as first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC. Future Oncol 2023; 19:1461-1472. [PMID: 37249038 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pembrolizumab monotherapy is a standard first-line treatment for PD-L1-high advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without actionable genomic alterations (AGA). However, few patients experience long-term disease control, highlighting the need for more effective therapies. Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd), a novel trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2-directed antibody-drug conjugate, showed encouraging safety and antitumor activity with pembrolizumab in advanced NSCLC. We describe the rationale and design of TROPION-Lung08, a phase III study evaluating safety and efficacy of first-line Dato-DXd plus pembrolizumab versus pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC without AGAs and with PD-L1 tumor proportion score ≥50%. Primary end points are progression-free survival and overall survival; secondary end points include objective response rate, duration of response, safety and presence of antidrug antibodies. Clinical trial registration: NCT05215340 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Levy
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medicine, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Martin Reck
- Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Grosshansdorf, 22927, Germany
| | - James Ch Yang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | | | - Yasuto Yoneshima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | | | - Jingdong Xie
- Daiichi Sankyo, Inc, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920, USA
| | | | - Lu Xu
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Jacob Sands
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Parisi C, Mahjoubi L, Gazzah A, Barlesi F. TROP-2 directed antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs): The revolution of smart drug delivery in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 118:102572. [PMID: 37230055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a revolutionary drug class in cancer therapy, combining the precision of targeted therapy with the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy. Promising activity of novel ADCs, namely Trastuzumab Deruxtecan and Patritumab Deruxtecan, has been observed in hard-to treat molecular subtypes, such as HER2-positive and heavily pretreated EGFR-mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). However, therapeutic advances are expected in certain subgroups of lung cancer patients, including non-oncogene-addicted NSCLC after failure of current standard of care (e.g., immunotherapy with or without chemotherapy, chemo-antiangiogenic treatment). Trophoblastic Cell Surface Antigen 2 (TROP-2) is a surface transmembrane glycoprotein member of the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) family. TROP-2 represents a promising therapeutic target in refractory non-oncogene-addicted NSCLC. METHODOLOGY We performed a systematic literature search of the clinical trials about TROP-2 directed ADCs in NSCLC referenced in the pubmed.gov database, Cochrane Library database and clinicaltrial.gov database. RESULTS First-in-humans ADCs targeting TROP-2, namely Sacituzumab Govitecan (SN-38) and Datopotamab Deruxtecan (Dxd), yielded promising activity signals in NSCLC with a manageable safety profile. Most common grade ≥ 3 adverse events (AEs) of Sacituzumab Govitecan included neutropenia (28 %), diarrhea (7 %), nausea (7 %), fatigue (6 %), and febrile neutropenia (4 %). Nausea and stomatitis were the most common all grade AEs with Datopotamab Deruxtecan; dyspnea, amylase increase, hyperglycemia and lymphopenia were reported as grade ≥ 3 AEs in less than 12 % of patients. CONCLUSION As more effective strategies are needed for patients with refractory non-oncogene-addicted NSCLC, the design of novel clinical trials with ADCs targeting TROP-2 is encouraged as both a monotherapy or combination strategy with existing agents (e.g., monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Parisi
- Drug Development Department, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| | - Linda Mahjoubi
- Drug Development Department, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Anas Gazzah
- Drug Development Department, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabrice Barlesi
- Department of Medical Oncology, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Saclay. Faculté de Médecine. Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Antibody-drug conjugates in lung cancer: dawn of a new era? NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:5. [PMID: 36631624 PMCID: PMC9834242 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-022-00338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are one of fastest growing classes of oncology drugs in modern drug development. By harnessing the powers of both cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapy, ADCs are unique in offering the potential to deliver highly potent cytotoxic agents to cancer cells which express a pre-defined cell surface target. In lung cancer, the treatment paradigm has shifted dramatically in recent years, and now ADCs are now joining the list as potential options for lung cancer patients. Since 2020, the first ADC for NSCLC patients has been FDA-approved (trastuzumab deruxtecan) and two ADCs have been granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation, currently under evaluation (patritumab deruxtecan, telisotuzumab vedotin). Furthermore, several early-phase trials are assessing various novel ADCs, either as monotherapy or in combinations with advanced lung cancer, and more selective and potent ADCs are expected to become therapeutic options in clinic soon. In this review, we discuss the structure and mechanism of action of ADCs, including insights from pre-clinical work; we summarize the ADCs' recent progress in lung cancer, describe toxicity profiles of ADCs, and explore strategies designed to enhance ADC potency and overcome resistance. In addition, we discuss novel ADC strategies of interest in lung cancer, including non-cytotoxic payloads, such as immunomodulatory and anti-apoptotic agents.
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Liu X, Deng J, Yuan Y, Chen W, Sun W, Wang Y, Huang H, Liang B, Ming T, Wen J, Huang B, Xing D. Advances in Trop2-targeted therapy: Novel agents and opportunities beyond breast cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108296. [PMID: 36208791 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trop2 is a transmembrane glycoprotein and calcium signal transducer with limited expression in normal human tissues. It is consistently overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors and participates in several oncogenic signaling pathways that lead to tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. As a result, Trop2 has become an attractive therapeutic target in cancer treatment. The anti-Trop2 antibody-drug conjugate (Trodelvy™, sacituzumab govitecan) has been approved to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. However, it is still unclear whether the success observed in Trop2-positive breast cancer could be replicated in other tumor types, owing to the differences in the expression levels and functions of Trop2 across cancer types. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the structures and functions of Trop2 and highlight the potential diagnostic and therapeutic value of Trop2 beyond breast cancer. In addition, the promising novel Trop2-targeted agents in the clinic were discussed, which will likely alter the therapeutic landscape of Trop2-positive tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Junwen Deng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenshe Sun
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Shanghai Asia United Antibody Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tao Ming
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jialian Wen
- School of Social Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Binghuan Huang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Johnson M, Chiara Garassino M, Mok T, Mitsudomi T. Treatment Strategies and Outcomes for Patients with EGFR-mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Focus on Novel Therapies. Lung Cancer 2022; 170:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Omori S, Muramatsu K, Kawata T, Miyawaki E, Miyawaki T, Mamesaya N, Kawamura T, Kobayashi H, Nakashima K, Wakuda K, Ono A, Kenmotsu H, Naito T, Murakami H, Sugino T, Takahashi T. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 expression in lung cancer patients and the effects of anti-cancer treatments. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 148:2455-2463. [PMID: 34533624 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is expressed on the surface of trophoblast cells and many malignant tumor cells. However, data on TROP2 expression in advanced lung cancer are insufficient, and its changes have not been fully evaluated. METHODS We assessed the prevalence and changes in TROP2 expression in patients with lung cancer who received anti-cancer treatments using immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis with an anti-TROP2 antibody (clone: SP295). IHC scores were graded from 0 to 3; grade ≥ 2 was considered positive for TROP2 expression. We defined a difference in IHC score, before and after anti-cancer treatments, as the change in TROP2 expression. RESULTS Before anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 89% (143/160) of the patients and was significantly more common in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma than in neuroendocrine carcinoma (P < 0.001). After anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 87% (139/160) of the patients. The distribution of TROP2 expression in post-treatment samples was analogous to that in pre-treatment samples when compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P = 0.509). However, an increase in TROP2 expression was seen in 19 (12%), and a decrease in 20 (13%) patients. Patients treated with targeted therapy showed significantly higher changes in TROP2 expression (P = 0.019) and thoracic radiotherapy was more likely to increase TROP2 expression than chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSION Although some anti-cancer treatments might alter the TROP2 expression, TROP2 was expressed in most lung cancer specimens before and after anti-cancer treatments. These results support the development of TROP2-directed therapy against advanced lung cancer in various treatment lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Omori
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Koji Muramatsu
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawata
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eriko Miyawaki
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Taichi Miyawaki
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Mamesaya
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawamura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruki Kobayashi
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakashima
- Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kazushige Wakuda
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tateaki Naito
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Murakami
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
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Liao S, Wang B, Zeng R, Bao H, Chen X, Dixit R, Xing X. Recent advances in trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 targeted therapy for solid tumors. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:1096-1110. [PMID: 34462935 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop 2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in various cancer types with relatively low or no baseline expression in most normal tissues. Its overexpression is associated with tumor growth and poor prognosis; Trop 2 is, therefore, an ideal therapeutic target for epithelial cancers. Several Trop 2 targeted therapeutics have recently been developed for the treatment of cancers, such as anti-Trop 2 antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), as well as Trop 2-specific cell therapy. In particular, the safety and clinical benefit of Trop 2-based ADCs have been demonstrated in clinical trials across multiple tumor types, including those with limited treatment options, such as triple-negative breast cancer, platinum-resistant urothelial cancer, and heavily pretreated non-small cell lung cancer. In this review, we elaborate on recent advances in Trop 2 targeted modalities and provide an overview of novel insights for future developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutan Liao
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Bao
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rakesh Dixit
- Department of Consultation, Bionavigen LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Xing
- Department of Consultation, Amador Bioscience Ltd, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Reuss JE, Gosa L, Liu SV. Antibody Drug Conjugates in Lung Cancer: State of the Current Therapeutic Landscape and Future Developments. Clin Lung Cancer 2021; 22:483-499. [PMID: 34420859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While both targeted therapy and immunotherapy-based strategies have emerged as frontline standard-of-care for patients with advanced lung cancer, acquired resistance and disease progression remain inevitable in most cases. Chemotherapy is a common salvage option in this scenario, but is limited by a relatively narrow therapeutic index. The emergence of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) offer an appealing alternative. ADCs couple the specificity of a monoclonal antibody with the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy to facilitate the targeted delivery of cytotoxic payloads directly to cancer cells. Here, we review the general structure and function of ADCs, followed by a discussion of emerging ADCs in lung cancer and the future applications of this increasingly relevant class of novel agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Reuss
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
| | - Laura Gosa
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Stephen V Liu
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
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14
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Ahmed Y, Berenguer-Pina JJ, Mahgoub T. The Rise of the TROP2-Targeting Agents in NSCLC: New Options on the Horizon. Oncology 2021; 99:673-680. [PMID: 34280931 DOI: 10.1159/000517438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the most common thoracic malignancy, representing the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a 5-year survival rate of <10%. SUMMARY The emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has changed the treatment paradigm of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, for those who are not eligible for such therapy or currently have no available standard treatment options, new precision treatment approaches are needed. Human trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed on several epithelial tumours including NSCLC. TROP2 is recognized as a promising molecular target for therapeutic development in various types of TROP2-expressing malignancies. As a result, several TROP2-targeted therapeutics have recently been developed for clinical use, such as anti-TROP2 antibodies and TROP2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates. Key Message: This review explores the literature data on the role of TROP2 in cancer development and the potential use of emerging TROP2 antibody-drug conjugates in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasar Ahmed
- Medical Oncology Department, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Thamir Mahgoub
- Medical Oncology Department, Mid-Western Cancer Centre, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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15
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Farag AGA, El-Rebey HS, El-Moneim Shoeib MA, Ahmed El-Fiky SM, Elshaib ME, Mostafa AF. The Role of TROP2 in BCC and Cutaneous SCC: A Clinical and Immunohistochemical Study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:591-600. [PMID: 34103959 PMCID: PMC8179732 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s299862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) mainly includes basal (BCC) and squamous (SCC) cell carcinoma. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen2 (TROP2), a cell-signal transduction, is one of the tumor-related calcium signal transducer gene family. TROP2 was highly expressed in many cancers, however, its role in BCC and SCC has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVE To investigate TROP2 immunohistochemical expression in BCC and SCC (lesional and peri-lesional) skin compared to controls and correlates its expression with the clinicopathologic parameters of the studied cases. METHODS This case-control study included 17 BCC and 15 SCC patients as well as 12 age and sex matched controls. History and clinical examination were completed. Histological examination of skin biopsies was done together with TROP2 immune-staining. RESULTS In the studied BCC and SCC cases, there was a significant stepwise up-regulation of TROP2 H score from control to peri-lesional, ended by lesional epidermis in one hand (p=0.003 for BCC and p<0.001 for SCC) and tumor island in another hand (p=0.001 for BCC and p=0.003 for SCC). TROP2 expression in both BCC and SCC tumor tissues was not affected by any of the studied clinicopathological parameters of the investigated cases. CONCLUSION TROP2 could have an important role in BCC and SCC pathogenesis. TROP2 targeting may have appraising effect in clinical application in BCC and SCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Gaber Antar Farag
- Dermatology, Andrology and STDs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin ElKom, Egypt
| | - Hala Said El-Rebey
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin ElKom, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Amal Farid Mostafa
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin ElKom, Egypt
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16
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Dourado MR, Machado RA, Paranaíba LMR, González-Arriagada WA, da Silva SD, Sawazaki-Calone Í, Graner E, Salo T, Coletta RD. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 expression predicts outcome in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1085-1093. [PMID: 33615627 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) has unclear clinical role in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Here, we investigated the association of TROP2 immunoexpression with clinicopathological parameters and survival of OSCC patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed in a cohort composed of 266 OSCC. An independent cohort with 88 OSCC samples matched with the normal oral tissue, as well as 17 metastatic lymph nodes, was used for validation. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed TROP2 as an independent marker of favorable prognosis for both CSS (HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40-0.90, p = .01) and DFS (HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36-0.89, p = .01). Furthermore, TROP2 protein expression was significantly higher in morphologically normal tissues compared to primary tumors (p < .0001) and lymph node metastases (p = .001), and it was significantly associated with CSS (HR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.09-0.74, p = .008) in the validation cohort. A pooled mRNA analysis performed on the Oncomine™ database confirmed the underexpression in OSCC compared with normal tissues (p = .014). CONCLUSIONS In summary, our results point to a favorable prognostic significance of TROP2 overexpression in a large cohort of oral cancer patients, suggesting it as an attractive clinical marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Rocha Dourado
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Renato Assis Machado
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.,Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Lívia Máris Ribeiro Paranaíba
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | - Sabrina Daniela da Silva
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Íris Sawazaki-Calone
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Dental School, Western Paraná State University, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - Edgard Graner
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Lenárt S, Lenárt P, Šmarda J, Remšík J, Souček K, Beneš P. Trop2: Jack of All Trades, Master of None. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3328. [PMID: 33187148 PMCID: PMC7696911 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is a widely expressed glycoprotein and an epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) family member. Although initially identified as a transmembrane protein, other subcellular localizations and processed forms were described. Its congenital mutations cause a gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy, a disease characterized by loss of barrier function in corneal epithelial cells. Trop2 is considered a stem cell marker and its expression associates with regenerative capacity in various tissues. Trop2 overexpression was described in tumors of different origins; however, functional studies revealed both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles. Nevertheless, therapeutic potential of Trop2 was recognized and clinical studies with drug-antibody conjugates have been initiated in various cancer types. One of these agents, sacituzumab govitecan, has been recently granted an accelerated approval for therapy of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. In this article, we review the current knowledge about the yet controversial function of Trop2 in homeostasis and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sára Lenárt
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
| | - Peter Lenárt
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
| | - Ján Remšík
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beneš
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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18
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Mito R, Matsubara E, Komohara Y, Shinchi Y, Sato K, Yoshii D, Ohnishi K, Fujiwara Y, Tomita Y, Ikeda K, Sakagami T, Suzuki M. Clinical impact of TROP2 in non-small lung cancers and its correlation with abnormal p53 nuclear accumulation. Pathol Int 2020; 70:287-294. [PMID: 32039532 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TROP2) is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in the high malignant potential of several cancers. Antibody-drug conjugates that target TROP2 represent a promising approach for the treatment of TROP2-expressing cancers including lung cancer and breast cancer. TROP2 expression was tested by immunohistochemistry in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma samples, and its correlation with clinicopathological factors, including survival rate and p53 mutation, was statistically analyzed. We found that increased TROP2 expression was significantly associated with a poor clinical course in patients with ADC, but not in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. A more significant association with poor outcome was seen in ADC cases with a high histological grade as well as those without the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. A significant correlation between TROP2 expression and abnormal p53 nuclear accumulation/expression was also found in ADC. In the present study, we discovered a significant correlation between TROP2 expression and p53 mutation in ADC, and that TROP2 expression was a prognostic factor in ADC cases with a high histological grade as well as those without the EGFR mutation. Signals mediated by mutated p53 might influence TROP2 expression in ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Mito
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eri Matsubara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shinchi
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kensaku Sato
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Yoshii
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koji Ohnishi
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tomita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koei Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakagami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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19
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Antibody-drug conjugates for lung cancer in the era of personalized oncology. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 69:268-278. [PMID: 31899248 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With 9.6 million deaths in 2018, cancer represents one of the most common causes of death, both in men and women. Despite recent advances in the understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in cancer development and progression, treatment options are still limited. Limitations of traditional chemotherapy include the lack of selectivity and the unfavorable safety profile. The efficacy of targeted therapies (e.g., tyrosine kinase inhibitors) is also limited by their cytostatic action, which inhibits tumor cell proliferation without inducing tumor cell death, and by the risk of acquired resistance. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), a newly developed class of engineered anticancer drugs, consist of recombinant monoclonal antibodies against tumor-specific antigens that are covalently bound to cytotoxic agents. They have been designed to overcome the limitations of traditional chemotherapy and targeted therapies by combining the target selectivity of monoclonal antibodies with the high potency of cytotoxic drugs. Currently, ADCs that have received regulatory approval include brentuximab vedotin for CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma and trastuzumab emtansine for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. However, over 80 novel ADCs are actively being investigated in preclinical studies and early-phase clinical trials. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the biological rational, efficacy and safety of ADCs as therapeutic agents against non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer.
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20
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Goldenberg DM, Stein R, Sharkey RM. The emergence of trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP-2) as a novel cancer target. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28989-29006. [PMID: 29989029 PMCID: PMC6034748 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
TROP-2 is a glycoprotein first described as a surface marker of trophoblast cells, but subsequently shown to be increased in many solid cancers, with lower expression in certain normal tissues. It regulates cancer growth, invasion and spread by several signaling pathways, and has a role in stem cell biology and other diseases. This review summarizes TROP-2's properties, especially in cancer, and particularly its role as a target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) or immunotherapy. When the irinotecan metabolite, SN-38, is conjugated to a humanized anti-TROP-2 antibody (sacituzumab govitecan), it shows potent broad anticancer activity in human cancer xenografts and in patients with advanced triple-negative breast, non-small cell and small-cell lung, as well as urothelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Goldenberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Belleville, NJ, USA
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA
| | - Rhona Stein
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Belleville, NJ, USA
| | - Robert M. Sharkey
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Belleville, NJ, USA
- Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA
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21
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Incorporation of CD40 ligand enhances the immunogenicity of tumor‑associated calcium signal transducer 2 virus‑like particles against lung cancer. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3671-3679. [PMID: 29568866 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell surface glycoprotein Trop‑2 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including in lung cancer, and has recently been used as an effective immunotherapeutic target. CD40 ligand (CD40L), a tumor necrosis factor superfamily member, is a promising immune adjuvant. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gag‑based virus‑like particles (VLPs) are highly immunogenic, and foreign antigens can be incorporated onto their membrane envelope for cancer vaccine development. In the present study, a HIV gag‑based VLP strategy and Bac‑to‑Bac system were utilized to construct Trop‑2, CD40L and gag recombinant baculoviruses, which were then used to infect TN5 cells in order to form Trop‑2 VLPs or Trop‑2‑CD40L VLPs. These VLPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and western blot analysis methods. VLPs incorporating murine Trop‑2 only or incorporating Trop‑2 and CD40L were used to immunize C57BL/6 mice. Immunized mice demonstrated high humoral and cellular immunity responses, whereas the Trop‑2‑CD40L VLPs led to higher immune responses in comparison with Trop‑2 only VLPs. Immunization with Trop‑2‑CD40L VLPs also reduced tumor growth more effectively compared with Trop‑2 VLPs. Furthermore, Trop‑2‑CD40L VLP immunization increased the survival rate of Lewis tumor‑bearing mice more significantly when compared with Trop‑2 only VLPs. In conclusion, the present study provided a novel vaccine design by combination of a tumor antigen and an immune adjuvant based on a VLP strategy, which may be potentially applied as an alternative immunotherapeutic option in the treatment of lung cancer.
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22
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Xu P, Zhao Y, Liu K, Lin S, Liu X, Wang M, Yang P, Tian T, Zhu YY, Dai Z. Prognostic role and clinical significance of trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 in various carcinomas. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:821-837. [PMID: 29276405 PMCID: PMC5731441 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s147033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) has been linked to disease prognosis in various human cancers and plays a critical role in tumor development, progression, and metastasis. A number of relevant studies have been published on this topic. A meta-analysis of the latest literature to evaluate the value of TROP2 as a predictive prognosticator of cancer was performed. Methods Several online databases were searched, and relevant articles were retrieved. Overall and subcategory meta-analyses were performed, and results were collated. Results Twenty-seven articles, including 29 studies, were included, involving 4,852 cancer patients, and results showed that the above-baseline expression of TROP2 was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (pooled hazard ratio [HR]: 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45–2.35), disease-free survival (DFS) (pooled HR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.73–4.42), and progression-free survival (PFS) (pooled HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.25–2.35). The following clinical characteristics were also significantly linked with TROP2 overexpression: moderate/poor differentiation (pooled HR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.99–4.63), distant metastasis (pooled HR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.05–5.75), lymph node metastasis (pooled HR: 2.47, 95%: CI 1.72–3.56), and advanced TNM stage (pooled HR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.38–2.95). Conclusion TROP2 overexpression was predictive of poor prognosis in human cancers and may be an independent prognostic predictive biomarker. Further studies should be performed to confirm the significance of TROP2 in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinghan Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengtao Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Yao Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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23
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Heist RS, Guarino MJ, Masters G, Purcell WT, Starodub AN, Horn L, Scheff RJ, Bardia A, Messersmith WA, Berlin J, Ocean AJ, Govindan SV, Maliakal P, Mudenda B, Wegener WA, Sharkey RM, Goldenberg DM, Camidge DR. Therapy of Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With an SN-38-Anti-Trop-2 Drug Conjugate, Sacituzumab Govitecan. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35:2790-2797. [PMID: 28548889 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.72.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Trop-2, expressed in most solid cancers, may be a target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We studied sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132), a Trop-2 ADC, for the targeting of SN-38. Patients and Methods We evaluated IMMU-132 in a single-arm multicenter trial in patients with pretreated metastatic NSCLC who received either 8 or 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles. The primary end points were safety and objective response rate (ORR). Progression-free survival and overall survival were secondary end points. Results Fifty-four patients were treated. In the response-assessable study population (n = 47), which had a median of three prior therapies (range, two to seven), the ORR was 19%; median response duration, 6.0 months (95% CI, 4.8 to 8.3 months); and clinical benefit rate (complete response + partial response + stable disease ≥ 4 months), 43%. ORR in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population was 17% (nine of 54). Responses occurred with a median onset of 3.8 months, including patients who had relapsed or progressed after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Median ITT progression-free survival was 5.2 months (95% CI, 3.2 to 7.1 months) and median ITT overall survival, 9.5 months (95% CI, 5.9 to 16.7 months). Grade 3 or higher adverse events included neutropenia (28%), diarrhea (7%), nausea (7%), fatigue (6%), and febrile neutropenia (4%). One patient developed a transient immune response, despite patients receiving a median of 10 doses. More than 90% of 26 assessable archival tumor specimens were highly positive (2+, 3+) for Trop-2 by immunohistochemistry, which suggests that Trop-2 is not a predictive biomarker for response. Conclusion IMMU-132 was well-tolerated and induced durable responses in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic NSCLC. This ADC should be studied further in this disease and in other patients with Trop-2-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Suk Heist
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Michael J Guarino
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Gregory Masters
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - W Thomas Purcell
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Alexander N Starodub
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Leora Horn
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Ronald J Scheff
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Wells A Messersmith
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Jordan Berlin
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Allyson J Ocean
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Serengulam V Govindan
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Pius Maliakal
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Boyd Mudenda
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - William A Wegener
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Robert M Sharkey
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - David M Goldenberg
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - D Ross Camidge
- Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Rebecca Suk Heist and Aditya Bardia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael J. Guarino and Gregory Masters, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE; W. Thomas Purcell, Wells A. Messersmith, and D. Ross Camidge, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Alexander N. Starodub, Indiana University Health Center for Cancer Care, Goshen, IN; Leora Horn and Jordan Berlin, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Ronald J. Scheff and Allyson J. Ocean, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Serengulam V. Govindan, Pius Maliakal, Boyd Mudenda, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, and David M. Goldenberg, Immunomedics, Morris Plains, NJ
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Flot-2 Expression Correlates with EGFR Levels and Poor Prognosis in Surgically Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132190. [PMID: 26161893 PMCID: PMC4498790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that expression of Flotillin 2 (Flot-2), a protein isolated from caveolae/lipid raft domains, increased significantly in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) compared with normal tissues. Signal transduction through epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and Flot-2 play an important role in cancer development, but their precise role in lung cancer has not been investigated. In this study, we have investigated the correlation between the expression of Flot-2 and EGFR, which increase significantly in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (n=352) compared with non-cancer tissues. Additionally, patients with advanced stages of NSCLC had higher positive expression of Flot-2 and EGFR than patients with early stages. NSCLC patients with increased expression of Flot-2 and EGFR had significantly less overall survival rates than patients with less expression of Flot-2 and EGFR. Taken together, our data suggest that increased expression of Flot-2 and EGFR in NSCLC patients is inversely proportional to the disease prognosis and that increased expression of Flot-2 associated with increased EGFR may serve as a biomarker to predict poor disease prognosis.
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25
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Gao XY, Zhu YH, Zhang LX, Lu HY, Jiang AG. siRNA targeting of Trop2 suppresses the proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma H460 cells. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:429-434. [PMID: 26622333 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the small interfering RNA (siRNA)-induced inhibition of the Trop2 gene on the proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma H460 cells. A recombinant adenovirus expression vector, which contained siRNA targeting open reading frames for Trop2 (rAd5-siTrop2), was transfected into lung adenocarcinoma H460 cells. Three groups were included in the study, namely the Ctrl (non-transfected control), rAd5-siCtrl (native control) and rAd5-siTrop2 (knockdown Trop2 gene) groups. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Trop2 were detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. In addition, the expression levels of cyclin Dl and phospho-extracellular signal regulated kinase (p-ERK)-1 were detected using western blot analysis. The effects of Trop2 inhibition on the proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma H460 cells were investigated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Transwell assay. Trop2-targeted siRNA recombinant plasmids were successfully constructed. The recombinant adenovirus vector, rAd5-siTrop2, significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of Trop2 in the lung adenocarcinoma H460 cells, with cyclin D1 and p-ERK-1 expression downregulated simultaneously. In addition, following the silencing of Trop2, the proliferation and invasion rates of the lung adenocarcinoma H460 cells were reduced. Therefore, the results indicated that Trop2 serves a key function in the proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma H460 cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Ye-Han Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Yu Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Gui Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
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26
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Cardillo TM, Govindan SV, Sharkey RM, Trisal P, Arrojo R, Liu D, Rossi EA, Chang CH, Goldenberg DM. Sacituzumab Govitecan (IMMU-132), an Anti-Trop-2/SN-38 Antibody-Drug Conjugate: Characterization and Efficacy in Pancreatic, Gastric, and Other Cancers. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:919-31. [PMID: 25915780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) made from a humanized anti-Trop-2 monoclonal antibody (hRS7) conjugated with the active metabolite of irinotecan, SN-38. In addition to its further characterization, as the clinical utility of IMMU-132 expands to an ever-widening range of Trop-2-expressing solid tumor types, its efficacy in new disease models needs to be explored in a nonclinical setting. Unlike most ADCs that use ultratoxic drugs and stable linkers, IMMU-132 uses a moderately toxic drug with a moderately stable carbonate bond between SN-38 and the linker. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry disclosed that Trop-2 is expressed in a wide range of tumor types, including gastric, pancreatic, triple-negative breast (TNBC), colonic, prostate, and lung. While cell-binding experiments reveal no significant differences between IMMU-132 and parental hRS7 antibody, surface plasmon resonance analysis using a Trop-2 CM5 chip shows a significant binding advantage for IMMU-132 over hRS7. The conjugate retained binding to the neonatal receptor, but it lost greater than 60% of the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity activity compared to that of hRS7. Exposure of tumor cells to either free SN-38 or IMMU-132 demonstrated the same signaling pathways, with pJNK1/2 and p21(WAF1/Cip1) upregulation followed by cleavage of caspases 9, 7, and 3, ultimately leading to poly-ADP-ribose polymerase cleavage and double-stranded DNA breaks. Pharmacokinetics of the intact ADC in mice reveals a mean residence time (MRT) of 15.4 h, while the carrier hRS7 antibody cleared at a similar rate as that of the unconjugated antibody (MRT ∼ 300 h). IMMU-132 treatment of mice bearing human gastric cancer xenografts (17.5 mg/kg; twice weekly × 4 weeks) resulted in significant antitumor effects compared to that of mice treated with a nonspecific control. Clinically relevant dosing schemes of IMMU-132 administered either every other week, weekly, or twice weekly in mice bearing human pancreatic or gastric cancer xenografts demonstrate similar, significant antitumor effects in both models. Current Phase I/II clinical trials ( ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT01631552) confirm anticancer activity of IMMU-132 in cancers expressing Trop-2, including gastric and pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert M Sharkey
- †Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States
| | - Preeti Trisal
- †Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States
| | - Roberto Arrojo
- †Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States
| | - Donglin Liu
- †Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States
| | - Edmund A Rossi
- †Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States.,‡IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States
| | - Chien-Hsing Chang
- †Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States.,‡IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States
| | - David M Goldenberg
- †Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States.,‡IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States.,§Center of Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Garden State Cancer Center, Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950, United States
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27
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Abstract
The identification of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements and the development of targeted therapy for patients with these molecular alterations has been a tremendous advance in the treatment of advanced stage or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the majority of patients with advanced stage NSCLC will not have one of these molecular alterations and will receive chemotherapy as their primary therapy. Chemotherapy remains a critical component of therapy for resected and locally advanced NSCLC, as well as for patients with limited-stage and extensive stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). A significant unmet need exists to develop novel chemotherapy agents and to improve the efficacy and toxicity of currently available agents. Several novel formulations of currently available chemotherapy agents are in development for NSCLC and SCLC. Antibody conjugates are therapeutic agents that employ a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody conjugated to a cytotoxic or radionuclide agent. After the monoclonal antibody binds to the tumor antigen, these agents are internalized, and the link between the antibody and the therapeutic agent is dissolved and the cytotoxic agent is release intracellularly. This enhanced delivery of chemotherapy to malignant tissues has the potential to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity. Antibody conjugates to therapeutic agents are currently available for other malignancies and are in development for NSCLC and SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Stinchcombe
- From the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
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