Prostate cancer with cyst formation detected by whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography: A case report

A case of cystic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated by robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

A 66-year-old male visited with constipation. Intra-pelvic cystic mass (332 cm³) was found, and PSA was 32.4 ng/ml. Biopsy of the prostate was performed. It wasn't adequate specimen for diagnosis, but the PSA of the fluid was 4791.0 ng/ml. RARP was performed. To make surgical field more visible, fine needle was stuck from the patient's perineum into the cyst intraoperatively. The patient was discharged with nothing complications. It was mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate, pT3b, RM1. The patient is now receiving ADT but no recurrence and metastasis are seen to date.

Synthesis and positron emission tomography evaluation of 18F-Glu-Urea-Lys, a prostate-specific membrane antigen-based imaging agent for prostate cancer

In recent years, single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography (PET) have also been used, in addition to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, in targeting the diagnosis of prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to synthesize the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based imaging agent 2-{3-[1-Carboxy-5-(4-[¹⁸F] fluoro-benzoylamino)-pentyl]-ureido}-pentanedioic acid (¹⁸F-Glu-Urea-Lys, [¹⁸F]3) and to detect its PET imaging efficiency for high PSMA expression in prostate cancer. In this study, ¹⁸F-Glu-Urea-Lys was synthesized in two steps from the p-methoxybenzyl-protected Glu-Urea-Lys precursor using N-Hydroxysuccinimidyl-4-[¹⁸F] fluorobenzoate ([¹⁸F]SFB). PET imaging evaluation was conducted in nude mice using LNCaP (PSMA⁺), and PC-3, 231 and A549 (all PSMA^-) xenograft models. The results indicated that ¹⁸F-Glu-Urea-Lys was produced in radiochemical yields of 28.7%. The radiochemical purity was 99.1% and the mean total synthesis time was 168 min. In nude mice models ¹⁸F-Glu-Urea-Lys clearly delineated PSMA⁺ LNCaP prostate tumor xenografts on PET imaging. At 4 h post-injection, the contrast agents were only observed in renal, liver, bladder and PSMA⁺ LNCaP tumors. The PSMA^- tumor (PC-3, 231 and A549) was clear. In conclusion, ¹⁸F-Glu-Urea-Lys was found to be easily synthesized. This radiotracer demonstrated high tumor and low-to-normal tissue uptake, fast clearance from non-target tissues and retention in PSMA⁺ prostate tumor xenografts.