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Xu J, Liu K, Gong Z, Liu J, Lin H, Lin B, Li W, Zhu M, Li M. IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway induces prostate apoptosis response protein-4(PAR-4) to stimulate malignant behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Ann Hepatol 2024:101538. [PMID: 39147129 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Prostate apoptosis response protein-4(PAR-4) is considered a tumor suppressor. However, the role of PAR-4 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) has rarely been reported. The study explores the role of PAR-4 in the malignant behaviors of HCC cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS TCGA database was applied to analyze the expression of PAR-4 in HCC. Evaluated PAR-4 relationship with clinical parameters and prognosis by tissue microarray; Expression of STAT3, p-STAT3, Src and Ras was detected by Western blotting or laser confocal microscopy. Cell scratch and flow cytometry assays were used to observe IL-6 regulation of the malignant behaviors of HCC cells. The tumorigenic potential of HCC cells in vivo was evaluated in a nude mouse tumor model. RESULTS Analysis indicated that the expression of PAR-4 in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissues; and PAR-4 interacted with STAT3. KEGG analysis showed that PAR-4 plays a role in the Janus kinase(JAK)/STAT signaling pathway. The positive expression rate of PAR-4 in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. Positive correlation between IL-6 and PAR-4 expression in the HCC tissues. Exogenous IL-6 significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of HCC cells and up-regulated the expression of PAR-4 and p-STAT3 in HCC cells. Interference of the expression of PAR-4 could reduce the malignant behaviors of HCC cells and inhibit tumorigenesis in a nude mouse tumor model. CONCLUSIONS PAR-4 expression is positively correlated with HCC; PAR-4 promotes malignant behavior of HCC cells mediated by the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnv Xu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China; Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311,Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Zhixun Gong
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Jinchen Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Haifeng Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311,Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China.
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 571199, Hainan Province, PR China; Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311,Hainan Province, PR China; Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical University, Hiakou 570102, Hainan Province, PR China.
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To J, Ghosh S, Zhao X, Pasini E, Fischer S, Sapisochin G, Ghanekar A, Jaeckel E, Bhat M. Deep learning-based pathway-centric approach to characterize recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:58. [PMID: 38840185 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation (LT) is offered as a cure for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however 15-20% develop recurrence post-transplant which tends to be aggressive. In this study, we examined the transcriptome profiles of patients with recurrent HCC to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the involved pathways, biological functions, and potential gene signatures of recurrent HCC post-transplant using deep machine learning (ML) methodology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of primary and recurrent tumor samples from 7 pairs of patients who underwent LT. Following differential gene expression analysis, we performed pathway enrichment, gene ontology (GO) analyses and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) with top 10 hub gene networks. We also predicted the landscape of infiltrating immune cells using Cibersortx. We next develop pathway and GO term-based deep learning models leveraging primary tissue gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify gene signatures in recurrent HCC. RESULTS The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway were particularly activated in HCC recurrence. The recurrent tumors exhibited upregulation of an immune-escape related gene, CD274, in the top 10 hub gene analysis. Significantly higher infiltration of monocytes and lower M1 macrophages were found in recurrent HCC tumors. Our deep learning approach identified a 20-gene signature in recurrent HCC. Amongst the 20 genes, through multiple analysis, IL6 was found to be significantly associated with HCC recurrence. CONCLUSION Our deep learning approach identified PI3K/Akt signaling as potentially regulating cytokine-mediated functions and the expression of immune escape genes, leading to alterations in the pattern of immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, IL6 was identified to play an important role in HCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey To
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Soumita Ghosh
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xun Zhao
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elisa Pasini
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Fischer
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gonzalo Sapisochin
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anand Ghanekar
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Takahashi M, Araki T, Yashima H, Nagamine A, Nagano D, Yamamoto K. Increased c‑SRC expression is involved in acquired resistance to lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:529. [PMID: 38020292 PMCID: PMC10654551 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lenvatinib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, serves a crucial role in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, >50% of patients receiving lenvatinib therapy experience tumor growth or metastasis within 1 year, highlighting the need to address acquired resistance as a critical clinical challenge. To elucidate the factors associated with acquired resistance to lenvatinib, a lenvatinib-resistant HCC cell line (JHH-7_LR) was established by exposing a lenvatinib-sensitive HCC cell line, JHH-7, to lenvatinib. The changes in protein expression associated with the development of resistance were analyzed using a proteomic approach, detecting 1,321 proteins and significant changes in the expression of 267 proteins. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis bioinformatics software, it was revealed that the activity of multiple signaling pathways varied alongside the changes in expression of these proteins, and c-SRC was identified as a protein involved in a number of these signaling pathways, with its activity varying markedly upon the acquisition of resistance. When co-administering dasatinib, a c-SRC inhibitor, the partial restoration of lenvatinib sensitivity in the JHH-7_LR cell line was observed. The present study demonstrated that increased c-SRC expression was partially associated with HCC resistance to lenvatinib, suggesting that c-SRC inhibition could reduce the resistance of HCC to lenvatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takuya Araki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yashima
- Department of Pharmacy, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nagamine
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nagano
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Medical and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Koujirou Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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Zhang Y, Li W, Bian Y, Li Y, Cong L. Multifaceted roles of aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14797. [PMID: 36748090 PMCID: PMC9899054 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a common malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. Changes in liver metabolism are key factors in the development of primary hepatic carcinoma, and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumours. Accordingly, the study of the metabolic mechanism of mitochondria in primary hepatic carcinomas has gained increasing attention. A growing body of research suggests that defects in mitochondrial respiration are not generally responsible for aerobic glycolysis, nor are they typically selected during tumour evolution. Conversely, the dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) may promote the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of primary hepatic carcinoma. This review presents the current paradigm of the roles of aerobic glycolysis and OXPHOS in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mitochondrial OXPHOS and cytoplasmic glycolysis cooperate to maintain the energy balance in HCC cells. Our study provides evidence for the targeting of mitochondrial metabolism as a potential therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Cong
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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5
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Investigation of Anti-Liver Cancer Activity of the Herbal Drug FDY003 Using Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5765233. [PMID: 36118098 PMCID: PMC9481369 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5765233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Globally, liver cancer (LC) is the sixth-most frequently occurring and the second-most fatal malignancy, responsible for 0.83 million deaths annually. Although the application of herbal drugs in cancer therapies has increased, their anti-LC activity and relevant mechanisms have not been fully studied from a systems perspective. To address these issues, we conducted a system-perspective network pharmacological investigation into the activity and mechanisms underlying the action of the herbal drug. FDY003 reduced the viability of human LC treatment. FDY003 reduced the viability of human LC cells and elevated their chemosensitivity. There were a total of 16 potential bioactive chemical components in FDY003 and they had 91 corresponding targets responsible for the pathological processes in LC. These FDY003 targets were functionally involved in regulating the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of LC cells. Additionally, we found that FDY003 may target key signaling cascades connected to diverse LC pathological mechanisms, namely, PI3K-Akt, focal adhesion, IL-17, FoxO, MAPK, and TNF pathways. Overall, this study contributed to integrative mechanistic insights into the anti-LC potential of FDY003.
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Khan SA, Lee TKW. Investigations of nitazoxanide molecular targets and pathways for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:968148. [PMID: 35959427 PMCID: PMC9358010 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.968148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitazoxanide has been investigated for colorectal cancer and breast cancer. However, its molecular targets and pathways have not yet been explored for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Utilizing a network pharmacology approach, nitazoxanide’s potential targets and molecular pathways for HCC treatment were investigated. HCC targets were extracted from the GeneCards database. Potential targets of nitazoxanide were predicted using Swiss Target Prediction and Super Pred. Intersecting targets were analyzed with VENNY online tool. Using Cytoscape, a protein-protein interaction (PPI), cluster, and core targets-pathways networks were constructed. Using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted. The nitazoxanide was molecularly docked with anti-HCC core targets by employing Auto Dock Vina. A total of 168 potential targets of nitazoxanide, 13,415 HCC-related targets, and 153 intersecting targets were identified. The top eight anti-HCC core targets were identified: SRC, EGFR, CASP3, MMP9, mTOR, HIF1A, ERBB2, and PPARG. GO enrichment analysis showed that nitazoxanide might have anti-HCC effects by affecting gene targets involved in multiple biological processes (BP) (protein phosphorylation, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase (RTKs) signaling pathway, positive regulation of MAP kinase activity, etc.). KEGG pathways and core targets-pathways network analysis indicated that pathways in cancer and proteoglycans in cancer are two key pathways that significantly contribute to the anti-HCC effects of nitazoxanide. Results of molecular docking demonstrated the potential for active interaction between the top eight anti-HCC core targets and nitazoxanide. Our research offers a theoretical basis for the notion that nitazoxanide may have distinct therapeutic effects in HCC, and the identified pharmacological targets and pathways might function as biomarkers for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmad Khan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Shakeel Ahmad Khan, ; Terence Kin Wah Lee,
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Shakeel Ahmad Khan, ; Terence Kin Wah Lee,
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The Pyrazolo[3,4-d]Pyrimidine Derivative Si306 Encapsulated into Anti-GD2-Immunoliposomes as Therapeutic Treatment of Neuroblastoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030659. [PMID: 35327462 PMCID: PMC8945814 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Si306, a pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivative recently identified as promising anticancer agent, has shown favorable in vitro and in vivo activity profile against neuroblastoma (NB) models by acting as a competitive inhibitor of c-Src tyrosine kinase. Nevertheless, Si306 antitumor activity is associated with sub-optimal aqueous solubility, which might hinder its further development. Drug delivery systems were here developed with the aim to overcome this limitation, obtaining suitable formulations for more efficacious in vivo use. Si306 was encapsulated in pegylated stealth liposomes, undecorated or decorated with a monoclonal antibody able to specifically recognize and bind to the disialoganglioside GD2 expressed by NB cells (LP[Si306] and GD2-LP[Si306], respectively). Both liposomes possessed excellent morphological and physio-chemical properties, maintained over a period of two weeks. Compared to LP[Si306], GD2-LP[Si306] showed in vitro specific cellular targeting and increased cytotoxic activity against NB cell lines. After intravenous injection in healthy mice, pharmacokinetic profiles showed increased plasma exposure of Si306 when delivered by both liposomal formulations, compared to that obtained when Si306 was administered as free form. In vivo tumor homing and cytotoxic effectiveness of both liposomal formulations were finally tested in an orthotopic animal model of NB. Si306 tumor uptake resulted significantly higher when encapsulated in GD2-LP, compared to Si306, either free or encapsulated into untargeted LP. This, in turn, led to a significant increase in survival of mice treated with GD2-LP[Si306]. These results demonstrate a promising antitumor efficacy of Si306 encapsulated into GD2-targeted liposomes, supporting further therapeutic developments in pre-clinical trials and in the clinic for NB.
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Shabangu CS, Siphepho PY, Li CY, Cheng WC, Lu MY, Huang CF, Yeh ML, Dai CY, Huang JF, Chuang WL, Lin ZY, Yu ML, Wang SC. The Persistence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Hepatocytes Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Pro-Inflammatory Interluekin-8 Expression. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101446. [PMID: 34680563 PMCID: PMC8533125 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A large amount of epidemiological evidence indicates that persistent HCV infection is the main risk factor for HCC. We aimed to study the effects of persistent HCV infection on the interaction of the virus and host cell to identify cancer gene profiles. Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify differentially expressed genes between uninfected Huh7.5.1 control cells, short-term HCV (S-HCV), early long-term HCV (eL-HCV), and long-term HCV (L-HCV) infections, which were analyzed using different dynamic bioinformatics and analytic tools. mRNA expression was validated and quantified using q-PCR. One hundred ninety-six serum samples of HCV patients with IFN/RBV treatment were used to study chemokine levels. Results: S-HCV activates an inflammatory response and drives cell death and apoptosis through cell cycle arrest via MAPK signaling. L-HCV promotes cell growth and alters cell adhesion and chemokine signaling via CXCL8-mediated-SRC regulation. A total of 196 serum samples from the HCV and HCV-HCC cohorts demonstrated significantly upregulated pro-inflammatory CXCL8 in non-SVR (persistent HCV infection) patients in the HCV-HCC group. Conclusions: Persistent infection with HCV induced pro-inflammatory CXCL8 and the oncogene SRC, thereby triggering and promoting hepatocarcinogenesis. CXCL8 may be a potential biomarker for monitoring HCV-related HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciniso Sylvester Shabangu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.S.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.L.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.)
| | - Phumelele Yvonne Siphepho
- Program in Tropical Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.S.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Ying Lu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.S.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-Y.D.); (W.-L.C.); (Z.-Y.L.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-Y.D.); (W.-L.C.); (Z.-Y.L.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-Y.D.); (W.-L.C.); (Z.-Y.L.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Center for Cancer Research, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.)
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-Y.D.); (W.-L.C.); (Z.-Y.L.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-Y.D.); (W.-L.C.); (Z.-Y.L.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Zu-Yau Lin
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-Y.D.); (W.-L.C.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Center for Cancer Research, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.)
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.); (C.-Y.D.); (W.-L.C.); (Z.-Y.L.)
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.S.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-Y.L.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (M.-L.Y.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Li Q, Sun M, Wang M, Feng M, Yang F, Li L, Zhao J, Chang C, Dong H, Xie T, Chen J. Dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by protein kinases in hepatocellular carcinoma and its therapeutic application. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1695-1706. [PMID: 33605517 PMCID: PMC8088956 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is indispensable for many biological processes, including embryonic development, cell cycle, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling can promote tumorigenicity and enhance metastatic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting this pathway is a new opportunity for precise medicine for HCC. However, inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling alone is unlikely to significantly improve HCC patient outcome due to the lack of specific inhibitors and the complexity of this pathway. Combination with other therapies will be an important next step in improving the efficacy of Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitors. Protein kinases play a key and evolutionarily conserved role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and have become one of the most important drug targets in cancer. Targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its regulatory kinase together will be a promising HCC management strategy. In this review, we summarize the kinases that modulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HCC and briefly discuss their molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we list some small molecules that target the kinases and may inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling, to offer new perspectives for preclinical and clinical HCC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Menglan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Li
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cunjie Chang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Centre, Singapore City, Singapore
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Yu B, Mamedov R, Fuhler GM, Peppelenbosch MP. Drug Discovery in Liver Disease Using Kinome Profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2623. [PMID: 33807722 PMCID: PMC7961955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is one of the most important organs, playing critical roles in maintaining biochemical homeostasis. Accordingly, disease of the liver is often debilitating and responsible for untold human misery. As biochemical nexus, with kinases being master regulators of cellular biochemistry, targeting kinase enzymes is an obvious avenue for treating liver disease. Development of such therapy, however, is hampered by the technical difficulty of obtaining comprehensive insight into hepatic kinase activity, a problem further compounded by the often unique aspects of hepatic kinase activities, which makes extrapolations from other systems difficult. This consideration prompted us to review the current state of the art with respect to kinome profiling approaches towards the hepatic kinome. We observe that currently four different approaches are available, all showing significant promise. Hence we postulate that insight into the hepatic kinome will quickly increase, leading to rational kinase-targeted therapy for different liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maikel P. Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC—University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.Y.); (R.M.); (G.M.F.)
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11
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Hunter CA, Koc H, Koc EC. c-Src kinase impairs the expression of mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes in liver cancer. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109651. [PMID: 32335258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Src family kinases (SFKs) play a crucial role in the regulation of multiple cellular pathways, including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Aberrant activities of one of the most predominant SFKs, c-Src, was identified as a fundamental cause for dysfunctional cell signaling and implicated in cancer development and metastasis, especially in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent work in our laboratory revealed that c-Src is implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism in cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of c-Src expression on mitochondrial energy metabolism by examining changes in the expression and activities of OXPHOS complexes in liver cancer biopsies and cell lines. An increased expression of c-Src was correlated with an impaired expression of nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded subunits of OXPHOS complexes I and IV, respectively, in metastatic biopsies and cell lines. Additionally, we observed a similar association between high c-Src and reduced OXPHOS complex expression and activity in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell lines. Interestingly, the inhibition of c-Src kinase activity with the SFK inhibitor PP2 and c-Src siRNA stimulated the expression of complex I and IV subunits and increased their enzymatic activities in both cancer and normal cells. Evidence provided in this study reveals that c-Src impairs the expression and function of mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes, resulting in a significant defect in mitochondrial energy metabolism, which can be a contributing factor to the development and progression of liver cancer. Furthermore, our findings strongly suggest that SFK inhibitors should be used in the treatment of HCC and other cancers with aberrant c-Src kinase activity to improve mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Hunter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
| | - Hasan Koc
- Department of Pharmacological Science and Research, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States.
| | - Emine C Koc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, United States.
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12
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Oxaliplatin resistance is enhanced by saracatinib via upregulation Wnt-ABCG1 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:31. [PMID: 31931755 PMCID: PMC6958774 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemo-resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major problem, and acquired drug resistance prevents cancer therapies from achieving complete responses. Molecular targeting therapy presents an opportunity to impede tumor through combination or sequential therapy, while the accurate effect is vague. METHODS The efficacy of combinations between oxaliplatin and anti-cancer molecular targeting drugs was screened. Strangely, the combined chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib induced significantly antagonistic effects. Then the antitumor effects of combined treatment with saracatinib and oxaliplatin were confirmed in wide type HCC as well as in saracatinib- and oxaliplatin-resistant HCC. RNA sequencing was used to explore the resistance mechanism, and the roles of ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and Wnt signaling in oxaliplatin resistance were confirmed. RESULTS Chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib individually induced strong anti-HCC effects, while combined or sequential treatment of HCC cells with these two drugs exhibited reduced efficacy compared to treatment with the single drugs. And it was saracatinib treatment caused oxaliplatin resistance. RNA sequencing revealed 458 genes that were altered by treatment with saracatinib and oxaliplatin. Of these, the gene encoding ABCG1 and Wnt-associated genes were significantly upregulated. Upregulation of ABCG1 and oxaliplatin resistance were associated with activation of Wnt signaling. Interference with ABCG1 expression or inhibition of Wnt signaling resulted in reversal of the saracatinib-induced oxaliplatin resistance in HCC. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrated that combined or sequential chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib reduced antitumor efficacy, and this antagonism was attributed to the activation of Wnt signaling and upregulation of ABCG1 by saracatinib.
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13
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Yang WY, Rao PS, Luo YC, Lin HK, Huang SH, Yang JM, Yuh CH. Omics-based Investigation of Diet-induced Obesity Synergized with HBx, Src, and p53 Mutation Accelerating Hepatocarcinogenesis in Zebrafish Model. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121899. [PMID: 31795276 PMCID: PMC6966430 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary type of liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has been associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, diabetes, and obesity. Previous studies have identified some genetic risk factors, such as hepatitis B virus X antigens, overexpression of SRC oncogene, and mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene; however, the synergism between diet and genetic risk factors is still unclear. To investigate the synergism between diet and genetic risk factors in hepatocarcinogenesis, we used zebrafish with four genetic backgrounds and overfeeding or high-fat-diet-induced obesity with an omics-based expression of genes and histopathological changes. The results show that overfeeding and high-fat diet can induce obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in wild-type fish. In HBx, Src (p53-) triple transgenic zebrafish, diet-induced obesity accelerated HCC formation at five months of age and increased the cancer incidence threefold. We developed a global omics data analysis method to investigate genes, pathways, and biological systems based on microarray and next-generation sequencing (NGS, RNA-seq) omics data of zebrafish with four diet and genetic risk factors. The results show that two Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) systems, metabolism and genetic information processing, as well as the pathways of fatty acid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, and ribosome biogenesis, are activated during hepatocarcinogenesis. This study provides a systematic view of the synergism between genetic and diet factors in the dynamic liver cancer formation process, and indicate that overfeeding or a high-fat diet and the risk genes have a synergistic effect in causing liver cancer by affecting fatty acid metabolism and ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Yang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli, Taiwan; (W.-Y.Y.); (P.-S.R.); (H.-K.L.)
| | - Pei-Shu Rao
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli, Taiwan; (W.-Y.Y.); (P.-S.R.); (H.-K.L.)
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30070, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Chun Luo
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Hua-Kuo Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli, Taiwan; (W.-Y.Y.); (P.-S.R.); (H.-K.L.)
| | - Sing-Han Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Jinn-Moon Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (S.-H.H.)
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-M.Y.); (C.-H.Y.); Tel.: +011-886-03-5712121*56942 (J.-M.Y.); +011-886-37-206166*35338 (C.-H.Y.)
| | - Chiou-Hwa Yuh
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli, Taiwan; (W.-Y.Y.); (P.-S.R.); (H.-K.L.)
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30070, Taiwan
- Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-M.Y.); (C.-H.Y.); Tel.: +011-886-03-5712121*56942 (J.-M.Y.); +011-886-37-206166*35338 (C.-H.Y.)
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Up-regulation of CTD-2547G23.4 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and its prospective molecular regulatory mechanism: a novel qRT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis study. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:74. [PMID: 29780284 PMCID: PMC5948809 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulated expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been reported in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LncRNA CTD-2547G23.4 is a novel lncRNA, and its role in HCC is still unknown. Here, we aimed to clarify the expression pattern and clinical value of CTD-2547G23.4 and to investigate the prospective regulatory mechanism via bioinformatics analysis in HCC. Methods To identify differentially expressed lncRNAs in HCC, we downloaded RNA-Seq data for HCC and adjacent non-tumour tissues via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). CTD-2547G23.4 was selected by using the R language and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Furthermore, we validated the differential expression of CTD-2547G23.4 via Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), ArrayExpress, Oncomine databases and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between the CTD-2547G23.4 level and clinic pathological parameters was also assessed. To further probe the role of CTD-2547G23.4 in HCC cell cycle, lentivirus-mediated small interfering RNA was applied to silence CTD-2547G23.4 expression in Huh-7 cell line. In addition, the related genes of CTD-2547G23.4 gathered from The Atlas of Noncoding RNAs in Cancer (TANRIC) database and Multi Experiment Matrix (MEM) were assessed with Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks. Results CTD-2547G23.4 expression was remarkably higher in 370 HCC tissue samples than that in adjacent non-tumour liver tissues (48.762 ± 27.270 vs. 14.511 ± 8.341, P < 0.001) from TCGA dataset. The relative expression level of CTD-2547G23.4 in HCC was consistently higher than that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (2.464 ± 0.833 vs. 1.813 ± 0.784, P = 0.001) as assessed by real time RT-qPCR. The area under the curve of the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8720 based on TCGA, qRT-PCR and GEO data. Further analysis indicated that the increased expression levels of CTD-2547G23.4 were associated with the neoplasm histologic grade and vascular tumour cell type. The expression of CTD-2547G23.4 was significantly downregulated in CTD-2547G23.4 knockdown cells. Moreover, cell cycle analysis revealed that CTD-2547G23.4 depletion in Huh-7 cell line led to S phase arrest. Furthermore, 314 related genes identified by TANRIC and MEM databases were processed with a pathway analysis. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that CTD-2547G23.4 might play a key role in the progress of HCC through four hub genes, SRC, CREBBP, ADCY8 and PPARA. Conclusions Collectively, we put forward the hypothesis that the novel lncRNA CTD-2547G23.4 may act as an exceptional clinical index and promote the HCC tumourigenesis and progression via various related genes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0566-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Oncogene Lin28B increases chemosensitivity of colon cancer cells in a let-7-independent manner. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6975-6981. [PMID: 29725425 PMCID: PMC5920276 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lin-28 homolog B (Lin28B) is a RNA binding protein conserved between Caenorhabditis elegans and humans, and it has important roles in regulating development. The overexpression of Lin28B has been observed in various human malignant tumors and the upregulation of Lin28B predicts tumor progression and/or poor prognosis. The majority of studies suggested that Lin28B is an oncogene that promotes the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells. However, few studies have focused on the function of Lin28B in chemotherapy. In the present study, the role of Lin28B in the chemosensitivity of colon cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was detected by establishing a Lin28B over-expressing HCT116 (EGFP-Lin28B-HCT116) cell line. In accordance with the immunohistochemistry results, Lin28B-GFP expression was predominantly distributed in the cytoplasm, and the overexpression of Lin28B was confirmed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The control EGFP-HCT116 and Lin28B over-expressing EGFP-Lin28B-HCT116 cells were then exposed to various concentrations of 5-FU for 48 h. A luminescence-based cell viability assay was used to detect the effect of Lin28B on the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of colon cancer cells. It was demonstrated that overexpression of Lin28B improved the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of colon cancer cells to 5-FU. Additional investigation revealed that Lin28B enhanced the chemosensitivity of colon cancer cells by promoting cell apoptosis induced by 5-FU; however, this effect was independent of Lin28B inhibiting the biogenesis of let-7, the well-known target of Lin28B. The mechanism of this effect of Lin28B on the chemosensitivity of cells requires additional investigation. The present study suggested that Lin28B may act as a biomarker for predicting chemotherapy sensitivity in patients with colon cancer.
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Qin G, Dang M, Gao H, Wang H, Luo F, Chen R. Deciphering the protein–protein interaction network regulating hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Liang HW, Ye ZH, Yin SY, Mo WJ, Wang HL, Zhao JC, Liang GM, Feng ZB, Chen G, Luo DZ. A comprehensive insight into the clinicopathologic significance of miR-144-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:3405-3419. [PMID: 28744145 PMCID: PMC5513884 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s138143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies which focused on the character of miR-144-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. This study aimed to explore the expression, clinical significance and the potential targets of miR-144-3p in HCC. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and a cohort of 95 cases of HCC were applied to investigate aberrant miR-144-3p expression in HCC. A meta-analysis was performed to accumulate data on miR-144-3p expression in HCC based on TCGA, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Additionally, the potential regulatory mechanisms of miR-144-3p in HCC were explored by bioinformatics. RESULTS MiR-144-3p expression was downregulated distinctly in HCC compared to para-HCC tissue both in TCGA data (8.9139±1.5986 vs 10.7721±0.9156, P<0.001) and in our qRT-PCR validation (1.3208±0.7594 vs 2.6200±0.9263, P<0.001). The meta-analysis based on TCGA, qRT-PCR and GEO data confirmed a consistent result (standard mean difference =-0.854, 95% CI: -1.224 to -0.484, P<0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve of miR-144-3p gained a significant diagnostic value both in TCGA data (area under the curve [AUC] =0.852, 95% CI: 0.810 to 0.894, P<0.001) and in qRT-PCR validation (AUC =0.867, 95% CI: 0.817 to 0.916, P<0.001), especially in alpha-fetoprotein-negative HCC patients (AUC =0.900, 95% CI: 0.839 to 0.960, P<0.001). Furthermore, we identified 119 potential targets of miR-144-3p in HCC by bioinformatics. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that several significant biologic functions and pathways correlated with the pathogenesis of HCC, including the p53 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION MiR-144-3p may function as a cancer suppressor microRNA, which is essential for HCC progression through the regulation of various signaling pathways. Thus, interactions with miR-144-3p may provide a novel treatment strategy for HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wei Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Ye
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shu-Ya Yin
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei-Jia Mo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Han-Lin Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jin-Che Zhao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guo-Mei Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Dian-Zhong Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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EF24 Suppresses Invasion and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells In Vitro via Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of Src. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8569684. [PMID: 27999817 PMCID: PMC5141541 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8569684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diphenyl difluoroketone (EF24), a curcumin analog, is a promising anticancer compound that exerts its effects by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. However, the efficacy of EF24 against cancer metastasis, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains elusive. In this study, the effect of EF24 on HCCLM-3 and HepG2 cell migration and invasion was detected by wound healing and transwell assay, respectively. The results revealed that EF24 suppressed the migration and invasion of both HCCLM-3 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, EF24 treatment decreased the formation of filopodia on the cell surface and inhibited the phosphorylation of Src in both cell lines, which may help contribute towards understanding the mechanism underlying the suppressive effect of EF24 on HCC migration and invasion. Additionally, the expression of total- and phosphorylated-Src in primary HCC tissues and their paired lymph node metastatic tissues was detected, and phosphorylated-Src was found to be associated with HCC lymph node metastasis. The results of this study suggest that Src is a novel and promising therapeutic target in HCC and provide evidence to support the hypothesis that EF24 may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC.
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