Ki-67 is overexpressed in human laryngeal carcinoma and contributes to the proliferation of HEp2 cells

Upregulating hsa-miR-128a Increased the Effects of Pembrolizumab on Laryngeal Cancer Cells via the p53 Pathway

OBJECTIVES

Recently, immunotherapy and microRNA have shown much more promises in oncology research, inspiring new hope for a cure for various malignancies. Specifically, the function and mechanisms of action of pembrolizumab have been investigated in many cancers, but not in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The present study thus focused on the effect of hsa-miR-128a on pembrolizumab in laryngeal cancer cells as well as tried to elucidate the mechanisms that may mediate this effect.

METHODS

Hep2 and AMC-HN8 cell lines were utilized to create stable cell lines that overexpressing hsa-miR-128a. Using the immunotherapy assay, the contribution of hsa-miR-128a to pembrolizumab sensitivity was evaluated. By performing the dual luciferase assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, the possible mechanisms of hsa-miR-128a were identified.

RESULTS

Hsa-miR-128a was overexpressed in laryngeal cancer cell lines successfully. The immunotherapy assay revealed that upregulating hsa-miR-128a augmented the effect of pembrolizumab. Moreover, hsa-miR-128a targeted BMI-1 and might played a role in the p53 pathway.

CONCLUSION

Hsa-miR-128a boosted the effect of pembrolizumab on laryngeal cancer cells, perhaps via the p53 pathway. Therefore, hsa-miR-128a might be a novel target in laryngeal cancer treatment.

E6-induced selective translation of WNT4 and JIP2 promotes the progression of cervical cancer via a noncanonical WNT signaling pathway

mRNA translation reprogramming occurs frequently in many pathologies, including cancer and viral infection. It remains largely unknown whether viral-induced alterations in mRNA translation contribute to carcinogenesis. Most cervical cancer is caused by high-risk human papillomavirus infection, resulting in the malignant transformation of normal epithelial cells mainly via viral E6 and E7 oncoproteins. Here, we utilized polysome profiling and deep RNA sequencing to systematically evaluate E6-regulated mRNA translation in HPV18-infected cervical cancer cells. We found that silencing E6 can cause over a two-fold change in the translation efficiency of ~653 mRNAs, most likely in an eIF4E- and eIF2α-independent manner. In addition, we identified that E6 can selectively upregulate the translation of WNT4, JIP1, and JIP2, resulting in the activation of the noncanonical WNT/PCP/JNK pathway to promote cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Ectopic expression of WNT4/JIP2 can effectively rescue the decreased cell proliferation caused by E6 silencing, strongly suggesting that the WNT4/JIP2 pathway mediates the role of E6 in promoting cell proliferation. Thus, our results revealed a novel oncogenic mechanism of E6 via regulating the translation of mRNAs.

The Relevance of Assessing the Cell Proliferation Factor Ki-67 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx

The aim of study was to investigate the expression of the proliferation factor Ki-67 and its relationship with histological grade, cancer stage, and treatment outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Samples from 78 patients with laryngeal cancer were analysed retrospectively. Paraffin sections of tumors were immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67 expression. The patients were divided in two groups according to the proliferative factor values (a low Ki-67 index group - Ki-67≤34 and high Ki-67 index group-Ki-67 >34). Statistical analysis of the data shows significant correlation among histological tumor grade and the value of the Ki-67 proliferative index. There was no correlation between tumoral Ki-67 expression and diagnosis, stage of the disease, or treatment outcome. In conclusion, Ki-67 expression in laryngeal cancer is not the most reliable marker for making precise diagnosis and predicting the clinical course.

Clinical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Larynx Cancer

ABSTRACT: Laryngeal cancer represents the malignant degeneration, of epithelial nature or from the connective tissue, which starts in the constitutive elements of the larynx. Cancer localization in the larynx represents between 1% and 3% of all malignant tumors and approximately 50% of ear, nose and throat (ENT) tumors. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common form (around 95%) of laryngeal cancer, with high incidence in human males from southern and central Europe, Romania occupying one of the top places. Material and Methods. Our study consisted of 490 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer from 2010 to 2016. They have been clinically, histologically, immunohistochemically, genetically, therapeutically and prognostically analyzed. Suspended microlaringoscopy has been the standard, allowing tumor extension evaluation and biopsy. All specimens were microscopically analyzed in standard or special histology stainings. For unclear histology specimens, immunohistochemical stainings were performed. Results and discussions. Histological types have been represented as follows: 31 carcinomas in situ, 17 microinvasive carcinoma, 205 poorly differentiated carcinomas, 138 moderately differentiated carcinomas, 63 well differentiated carcinomas, 8 papillary carcinomas, 1 leiomyosarcoma, 1 chondrosarcoma, 6 basaloid squamous cell carcinomas, 4 verrucous carcinoma, 1 malignant melanoma. Conclusions. The study brings to light the importance of integrated clinical, morphological and genetic evaluation of laryngeal cancer, regarding tumoral invasion grading and establishing an adequate surgical and oncologic treatment. The importance of immunohistochemistry in laryngeal cancer concerns prognosis factors which correlate with the evolution and histopathological degree of the lesion. The analysis of tumor invasion can lead to the development of therapeutic conduct and the establishment of prognostic markers.

Overexpressed miR-128a enhances chemoradiotherapy to laryngeal cancer cells and its correlation with BMI1

AIM

To clarify the function of miR-128a on radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance in laryngeal cancer and explore the possible mechanism.

MATERIALS & METHODS

Hep-2 and AMC-HN-8 cell lines were cultured. MiR-128a was upregulated utilizing lentiviral transfection. Through radiotherapy and chemotherapy assays, the function of miR-128a on chemoradiotherapy was evaluated. The correlation of miR-128a with BMI1 was identified by performing real-time PCR.

RESULTS

The hsa-miR128a cell line was established. The chemotherapy assay revealed that an overexpression of miR-128a decreases the inhibition to chemotherapy. The radiotherapy assay showed that miR-128a promotes the radiotherapy sensitivity. The expression of BMI1 decreased with overexpression of miR-128a.

CONCLUSION

miR-128a confers chemoradiotherapy sensitivity of laryngeal cancer cells and targeting BMI1 gene is a possible mechanism of the effect.

The Effects of Exposure to Environmental Cigarette Smoke on the Vocal Folds of Rats

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate histopathologically and immunohistochemically the effects of environmental smoke on the vocal folds.

METHODS

This study examined 20 healthy Wistar albino rats, which were divided into four groups of five rats. Group 1 was exposed to smoke for 45 days and group 2 for 90 days. Groups 3 and 4 were the respective control groups. The rats in groups 1 and 3 were sacrificed on day 45 and those in groups 2 and 4 on day 90. The larynx specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and the inflammation, hyperplasia, and metaplasia were evaluated. Ki-67 staining was used for the immunohistochemical analysis.

RESULTS

There was no significant difference in mononuclear cell infiltration between the experimental and control groups (group 1 vs. group 3 P = 0.20, group 2 and 4 P = 0.41) (Table 3), but there was a significant difference between the two experimental groups (P = 0.007). Mild and moderate hyperplasia was seen in groups 1 and 2, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Environmental exposure to cigarette smoke has destructive effects on the vocal folds of rats.