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Kocic G, Hadzi-Djokic J, Colic M, Veljkovic A, Tomovic K, Roumeliotis S, Smelcerovic A, Liakopoulos V. The Role of Nucleases Cleaving TLR3, TLR7/8 and TLR9 Ligands, Dicer RNase and miRNA/piRNA Proteins in Functional Adaptation to the Immune Escape and Xenophagy of Prostate Cancer Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010509. [PMID: 36613950 PMCID: PMC9820234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The prototypic sensors for the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses are the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Unusually high expression of TLRs in prostate carcinoma (PC), associated with less differentiated, more aggressive and more propagating forms of PC, changed the previous paradigm about the role of TLRs strictly in immune defense system. Our data reveal an entirely novel role of nucleic acids-sensing Toll-like receptors (NA-TLRs) in functional adaptation of malignant cells for supply and digestion of surrounding metabolic substrates from dead cells as specific mechanism of cancer cells survival, by corresponding ligands accelerated degradation and purine/pyrimidine salvage pathway. The spectrophotometric measurement protocols used for the determination of the activity of RNases and DNase II have been optimized in our laboratory as well as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent method for the determination of NF-κB p65 in prostate tissue samples. The protocols used to determine Dicer RNase, AGO2, TARBP2 and PIWIL4 were based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The amount of pre-existing acid-soluble oligonucleotides was measured and expressed as coefficient of absorbance. The activities of acid DNase II and RNase T2, and the activities of nucleases cleaving TLR3, TLR7/8 and TLR9 ligands (Poly I:C, poly U and unmethylated CpG), increased several times in PC, compared to the corresponding tumor adjacent and control tissue, exerting very high sensitivity and specificity of above 90%. Consequently higher levels of hypoxanthine and NF-κB p65 were reported in PC, whereas the opposite results were observed for miRNA biogenesis enzyme (Dicer RNase), miRNA processing protein (TARB2), miRNA-induced silencing complex protein (Argonaute-AGO) and PIWI-interacting RNAs silence transposon. Considering the crucial role of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides as energy carriers, subunits of nucleic acids and nucleotide cofactors, future explorations will be aimed to design novel anti-cancer immune strategies based on a specific acid endolysosomal nuclease inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Kocic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +381-63-8122522
| | | | - Miodrag Colic
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrej Veljkovic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Katarina Tomovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Stefanos Roumeliotis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andrija Smelcerovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Yuan C, Qin H, Ponnusamy M, Chen Y, Lin Z. PIWI‑interacting RNA in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible clinical implications (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 46:209. [PMID: 34328192 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PIWI‑interacting RNA is a class of non‑coding small RNA that is ~30 nt long and is primarily found in mammalian germ cells from mice and humans. In cooperation with the members of PIWI protein family, this macromolecule participates in germ cell development, inhibits DNA self‑-replication and maintains genomic stability. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that PIWI‑interacting RNA (piRNAs) are abnormally expressed in various human cancers, such as liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, osteosarcoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, etc. piRNAs abnormal expression is also associated with the occurrence and development of human cancers, such as liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, etc. Despite their unclear molecular mechanisms, piRNAs may act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors by interacting with multiple cancer‑related signal pathways including STAT3/Bcl‑xl or coding genes, such as heat shock transcription factor‑1. Hence, piRNAs may be potential markers and targets and provide new opportunities for cancer diagnosis, treatment or prognosis monitoring. The current review mainly aims to highlight the latest research progress made in the biological functions and regulation of piRNAs in mammals, their involvement in various cancer forms and their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yuan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, Immunology Lab, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Hao Qin
- Department of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Murugavel Ponnusamy
- Department of Basic Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, Immunology Lab, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhijuan Lin
- Department of Basic Medicine, Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, Immunology Lab, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
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Song SK, Jung WY, Park SK, Chung CW, Park Y. Significantly different expression levels of microRNAs associated with vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma and their prognostic significance after surgical resection. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216847. [PMID: 31513595 PMCID: PMC6742465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although gross vascular invasion (VI) has prognostic significance in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have undergone hepatic resection, few studies have investigated the relationship between gross VI and aberrant expression of microribonucleic acids (miRNAs and miRs). Thus, the objective of this study was to identify miRNAs selectively expressed in HCC with gross VI and investigate their prognostic significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible two datasets (accession number: GSE20594 and GSE67140) were collected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information's (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to compare miRNAs expression between HCC with and without gross VI. Differentially expressed miRNAs were externally validated using expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Prognostic significance and predicted functions of selected miRNAs for HCC were also investigated. RESULTS Thirty-five miRNAs were differentially expressed between HCC with and without gross VI in both datasets. Among them, three miRNAs were validated using TCGA database. miR-99a, miR-100, and miR-148a were downregulated to a greater extent in patients with HCC and gross VI than in those with HCC but no gross VI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed discriminatory power of these miRNAs in predicting gross VI. Multivariate survival analysis revealed that types of surgery, advanced tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and low expression of miR-100-5p were independently associated with tumor recurrence. It also revealed that types of surgery, advanced TNM stage, low expression of miR-100-5p and miR-148a-3p were independent risk factors for overall survival (OS) after hepatic resection for HCC. A text mining analysis revealed that these miRNAs were linked to multifaceted hallmarks of cancer, including "invasion and metastasis." CONCLUSIONS Low expressions of miR-100-5p and miR-148a-3p were associated with gross VI and poor survival of patients after hepatic resection for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Kyu Song
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Yong Jung
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Keun Park
- Department of Supercomputing M&S Technology Development, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Woon Chung
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongkeun Park
- Department of Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Chalbatani GM, Dana H, Memari F, Gharagozlou E, Ashjaei S, Kheirandish P, Marmari V, Mahmoudzadeh H, Mozayani F, Maleki AR, Sadeghian E, Nia EZ, Miri SR, Nia NZ, Rezaeian O, Eskandary A, Razavi N, Shirkhoda M, Rouzbahani FN. Biological function and molecular mechanism of piRNA in cancer. Pract Lab Med 2018; 13:e00113. [PMID: 30705933 PMCID: PMC6349561 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2018.e00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. piRNAs, which are a novel type of identified small noncoding RNA (ncRNA), play a crucial role in cancer genomics. In recent years, a relatively large number of studies have demonstrated that several piRNA are aberrantly expressed in various kinds of cancers including gastric cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer and Lung cancer and may probably serve as a novel therapeutic target and biomarker for cancer treatment. The present review summarized current advances in our knowledge of the roles of piRNAs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan Dana
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Feridon Memari
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Gharagozlou
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Ashjaei
- Department of Paramedical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Kheirandish
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Marmari
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Habibollah Mahmoudzadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mozayani
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Maleki
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sadeghian
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Zainali Nia
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Seyed Rohollah Miri
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Zainali Nia
- Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Omid Rezaeian
- Department of Biology, NourDanesh Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Anahita Eskandary
- Department of Biology, NourDanesh Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Narges Razavi
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shirkhoda
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouri Rouzbahani
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Zaporozhchenko IA, Ponomaryova AA, Rykova EY, Laktionov PP. The potential of circulating cell-free RNA as a cancer biomarker: challenges and opportunities. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:133-145. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1425143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A. Zaporozhchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Centre of New Surgical Technologies, E.N. Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Ponomaryova
- Laboratory of Immunology, Tomsk Cancer Research Institute of SB RAMS, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Applied Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Yu Rykova
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Centre of New Surgical Technologies, E.N. Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel P. Laktionov
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Centre of New Surgical Technologies, E.N. Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
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