1
|
Metsäniitty M, Hasnat S, Öhman C, Salo T, Eklund KK, Oscarsson J, Salem A. Zebrafish larvae as a model for studying the impact of oral bacterial vesicles on tumor cell growth and metastasis. Hum Cell 2024:10.1007/s13577-024-01114-6. [PMID: 39138804 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Oral bacteria naturally secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), which have attracted attention for their promising biomedical applications including cancer therapeutics. However, our understanding of EV impact on tumor progression is hampered by limited in vivo models. In this study, we propose a facile in vivo platform for assessing the effect of EVs isolated from different bacterial strains on oral cancer growth and dissemination using the larval zebrafish model. EVs were isolated from: wild-type Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and its mutant strains lacking the cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen; and wild-type Porphyromonas gingivalis. Cancer cells pretreated with EVs were xenotransplanted into zebrafish larvae, wherein tumor growth and metastasis were screened. We further assessed the preferential sites for the metastatic foci development. Interestingly, EVs from the CDT-lacking A. actinomycetemcomitans resulted in an increased tumor growth, whereas EVs lacking the lipopolysaccharide O-antigen reduced the metastasis rate. P. gingivalis-derived EVs showed no significant effects. Cancer cells pretreated with EVs from the mutant A. actinomycetemcomitans strains tended to metastasize less often to the head and tail compared to the controls. In sum, the proposed approach provided cost- and labor-effective yet efficient model for studying bacterial EVs in oral carcinogenesis, which can be easily extended for other cancer types. Furthermore, our results support the notion that these nanosized particles may represent promising targets in cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjut Metsäniitty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saika Hasnat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carina Öhman
- Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari K Eklund
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Oscarsson
- Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hashmi AA, Tola R, Rashid K, Ali AH, Dowlah T, Malik UA, Zia S, Saleem M, Anjali F, Irfan M. Clinicopathological Parameters Predicting Nodal Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e40744. [PMID: 37485190 PMCID: PMC10361629 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of malignancy of the head and neck region arising from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity and oropharynx. It is a multifactorial disease with a high rate of mortality. Lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic parameter associated with adverse prognosis. This study was conducted to establish a relationship between various clinicopathological characteristics and nodal metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods This retrospective study was conducted at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 306 biopsy-proven cases of HNSCC were included in the study. Clinical data, which included age, sex, and site of the lesion, were obtained from the clinical referral forms. Resections of the lesions were performed, and the specimens collected were sent to the laboratory for histological evaluation. The histological subtype, perineural invasion (PNI), depth of invasion (DOI), nodal metastasis, and extranodal extension were assessed, and the association of clinicopathological parameters with nodal metastasis was sought. Results The mean age at diagnosis was 50.26 ± 12.86 years with a female predominance (55.27%), and the mean tumor size was 3.37 ± 1.75 cm. The mean DOI was 1.08 ± 0.67 cm. The most common site of tumor was found to be the oral cavity (68.6%), followed by the tongue (24.2%). Keratinizing SCC (59.5%) was found to be the most prevalent histological subtype. At the time of diagnosis, the majority of the tumors were grade 2 (62.4%). PNI was present in 12.1% of the cases. Nodal metastasis was present in 44.8%, and extranodal extension was present in 17% of the cases. A significant association of nodal metastasis was noted with age, gender, tumor site, tumor size, and DOI. Male patients with HNSCC showed a higher frequency of nodal metastasis than female patients. Patients between the ages of 31 and 50 years with a tumor size of above 4 cm and a DOI of more than 1 cm had a higher frequency of nodal metastasis. Similarly, tumors arising in the oral cavity and the keratinizing subtype were more likely to possess nodal metastasis. Conclusion We found that HNSCCs were more prevalent among the female population, with the most common site being the oral cavity. Nodal metastasis was significantly associated with the keratinizing subtype of SCC, oral cavity location, male gender, and middle age group. Similarly, the tumor size and DOI were important predictors of nodal metastasis in HNSCC in our study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atif A Hashmi
- Pathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Rutaba Tola
- Internal Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Khushbakht Rashid
- Internal Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Abrahim H Ali
- Internal Medicine, Bangladesh Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Tanim Dowlah
- Internal Medicine, Bangladesh Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
| | | | - Shamail Zia
- Pathology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Fnu Anjali
- Internal Medicine, Sakhi Baba General Hospital, Sukkur, PAK
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Statistics, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deng Q, Chen Y, Lin L, Lin J, Wang H, Qiu Y, Pan L, Zheng X, Wei L, Wang J, Liu F, He B, Chen F. Exosomal hsa_circRNA_047733 integrated with clinical features for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis risk in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:37-46. [PMID: 36300546 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether exosomal circRNAs could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for the accurate preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) risk in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. METHODS A combinative strategy of exosomal circRNAs microarray and qRT-PCR verification was employed to dig LNM-related circRNA signatures. Then, a dynamic nomogram was developed based on candidate circRNAs and preoperative clinical features and the calibration, discrimination, and clinical use of the nomogram were evaluated. RESULTS According to the microarray, three circRNAs derived from the tumor were associated with preoperative LNM risk, including hsa_circRNA_047733, hsa_circRNA_024144 and hsa_circRNA_403472. The hsa_circRNA_047733 was further verified to be significantly downregulated in patients with LNM (+) as compared with those with LNM (-) (p = 0.007). Patients with the higher expression of hsa_circRNA_047733 showed a lower risk of LNM (multivariate-adjusted OR = 0.22, 95%CI: 0.06-0.83). The bioinformatics prediction showed that hsa_circRNA_047733 might sponge miR-4464/miR-4748 to regulate RPS21 expression. A dynamic nomogram integrating exosomal hsa_circRNA_047733 with five clinicopathological characteristics (tumor site, leukocyte level, maximum tumor diameter, and LNM reported by MRI and preoperative biopsy differentiation) was developed. The model displayed an excellent discrimination ability (AUC = 0.868, 95%CI: 0.781-0.955) and great calibration. The decision curve revealed a higher net benefit superior to the baseline model at an 80% threshold probability. CONCLUSION The data provide preliminary evidence that exosomal hsa_circRNA_047733 might be a novel biomarker for the LNM of OSCC. The hsa_circRNA_047733-based dynamic nomogram could serve as a convenient preoperative assessment tool to predict the risk of LNM for OSCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingrong Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lisong Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory Center, The Major Subject of Environment and Health of Fujian Key Universities, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fengqiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effect of PAIP1 on the metastatic potential and prognostic significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:9. [PMID: 35153296 PMCID: PMC8841500 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPoly Adenylate Binding Protein Interacting protein 1 (PAIP1) plays a critical role in translation initiation and is associated with the several cancer types. However, its function and clinical significance have not yet been described in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its associated features like lymph node metastasis (LNM). Here, we used the data available from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) to analyze PAIP1 expression in oral cancer. The publicly available data suggests that PAIP1 mRNA and protein levels were increased in OSCC. The high PAIP1 expression was more evident in samples with advanced stage, LNM, and worse pattern of invasion. Moreover, the in vitro experiments revealed that PAIP1 knockdown attenuated colony forming, the aggressiveness of OSCC cell lines, decreasing MMP9 activity and SRC phosphorylation. Importantly, we found a correlation between PAIP1 and pSRC through the analysis of the IHC scores and CPTAC data in patient samples. Our findings suggest that PAIP1 could be an independent prognostic factor in OSCC with LNM and a suitable therapeutic target to improve OSCC patient outcomes.
Collapse
|
5
|
Verma R, Singh A, Chowdhury N, Joshi PP, Durgapal P, Rao S, Kishore S. Evaluation of Histomorphological Parameters to Predict Occult Nodal Metastasis in Early-Stage Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Turk Patoloji Derg 2022; 38:227-234. [PMID: 34978064 PMCID: PMC10508408 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2021.01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) treatment protocol depends upon lymph node metastasis. Elective neck dissection for early-stage OSCC (pT1/T2) elective neck dissection reduces the morbidity rate. It also reduces the overall survival and thus it becomes important to detect lymph node metastasis in early-stage OSCC. MATERIAL AND METHOD Various histomorphological parameters have been studied to predict nodal metastasis in early-stage OSCC. We aim to evaluate these parameters in the context of nodal metastasis. 78 cases of early-stage OSCC were included in the study with histopathologic parameters like tumor size, grade, tumor depth of invasion (DOI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), and lymph node level. RESULTS Out of the 78 patients, 32 patients had lymph node metastasis. T stage, DOI, LVI, and WPOI showed statistically significant deviance from the null model (P-values of 0.007, 0.01, 0.04 and 0.02 respectively). The Odds Ratio (OR) of T stage, DOI, LVI and WPOI were 4.45 (95% C.I =1.47-14.1), 4.4 (95% C.I =1.32-15.88), 8.12 (95% C.I =1.002-198.20), and 3.39 (95% C.I =1.24-9.74) respectively. On multivariate analysis (Firth logistic regression) using DOI, LVI, and WPOI as independent variables, only T-stage and WPOI retained statistical significance. CONCLUSION The prognostic information supplied by evaluating DOI, LVI, and WPOI warrants the inclusion of these parameters in the standard reporting format for all cases of OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Verma
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Ashok Singh
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Nilotpal Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | | | - Prashant Durgapal
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Shalinee Rao
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kishore
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
An YZ, Cho E, Ling J, Zhang X. The Axin2-snail axis promotes bone invasion by activating cancer-associated fibroblasts in oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:987. [PMID: 33046030 PMCID: PMC7552517 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In bone-invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) infiltrate into bony tissue ahead of OSCC cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of the Axin2-Snail axis in the biological behaviour of CAFs and bone invasion in OSCC. Methods The clinicopathological significance of Axin2 and Snail expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in an OSCC cohort containing 217 tissue samples from patients with long-term follow-up. The influence of the Axin2-Snail axis on the biological behaviour of OSCC cells and CAFs was further investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Results Axin2 expression was significantly associated with Snail expression, the desmoplasia status, and bone invasion in patients with OSCC. In multivariate analysis, lymph node metastasis, desmoplasia, Axin2 expression, and Snail expression were independent poor prognostic factors in our cohort. Consistent with these findings, OSCC cells demonstrated attenuated oncogenic activity as well as decreased expression of Snail and various cytokines after Axin2 knockdown in vitro. Among the related cytokines, C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and interleukin 8 (IL8) demonstrated a strong influence on the biological behaviour of CAFs in vitro. Moreover, both the desmoplastic reaction and osteolytic lesions in the calvaria were predominantly decreased after Axin2 knockdown in OSCC cells in vivo using a BALB/c athymic nude mouse xenograft model. Conclusions Oncogenic activities of the Axin2-Snail axis are not limited to the cancer cells themselves but rather extend to CAFs via regulation of the cytokine-mediated cancer-stromal interaction, with further implications for bone invasion as well as a poor prognosis in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Zhe An
- Key laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Eunae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junqi Ling
- Key laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, 133000, Jilin Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumar T, Kanade SM, Singh R, Singh A, Kumar A, Hiremath VR. Analytical Study of Etiopathological Factors Responsible for Oral Squamous Cell Cancer in Bihar Population. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S222-S227. [PMID: 33149461 PMCID: PMC7595461 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_66_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of maxillofacial region is the most usual form of neoplasia causing malignancies in India and Asian continent. An increased prevalence of mortality rate by cancer of maxillofacial region was observed in various parts of the world. Objectives Our aim was to correlate age and gender with etiopathological factors contributing to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the urban population of Patna in 2 years. Materials and Methods Data were extracted from hospital records. A total of 236 cases of histologically confirmed mild to advance stage of OSCC in either gender of 15-80 years of age range were evaluated. Results Out of 236 histopathologically confirmed patients with OSCC, 172 were male and 64 were female. Insignificant difference was found in all age-groups and in all locations. Most common site was found to be buccal mucosa in both genders. Bony invasion was found to be least common. In our study, it was found that habits of chewing areca nuts, nicotine smoke addiction, consumption of alcohol, combination of chewing nuts and nicotine smoke addiction, and combination of alcohol and nicotine smoke addiction are significantly related to the development of OSCC. No significant association was found between histopathological conclusion and gender in all the four groups, and the prevalence was directly proportional to advancement of age. Conclusion We concluded that the OSCC do not have any significant relation with the age and gender. The habit of nicotine and areca nut chewing, nicotine smoke addiction, and combination of nicotine smoke addiction and alcohol and chewing nut and nicotine smoke addiction has significant relationship in the development of OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanoj Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjay Manohar Kanade
- Department of Otolaryngology, Rajiv Gandhi Medical College and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Hospital, Thane, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rohit Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Alisha Singh
- Periodontology and Implantalogy, Sir Aurbindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Avanindra Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Vardar R Hiremath
- Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Science, Bareilley, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matsuzaki Y, Watabe Y, Enatsu K, Shigematsu S, Shibahara T. Actinin-4 Expression Predicts Poor Disease-free Survival and Correlates with Delayed Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Completely Resected Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2020; 61:179-186. [PMID: 32801264 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2019-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is generally characterized by poor prognosis, and biomarkers are needed for development and selection of therapy. The purpose of this study was to assess expression of actinin-4, which has been implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis, to determine its viability as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical factors and tumor samples immunohistochemically stained for actinin-4 were retrospectively investigated in 55 patients who underwent curative surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Overall survival and disease-free survival were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Significant differences were detected using the Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with the Cox regression model. No association was found between expression of actinin-4 and clinical factors, including age or sex, or histopathological factors, including vascular invasion, lymphatic invasion, stage, mode of invasion, or histological atypicality. Expression of actinin-4 showed a positive correlation with delayed cervical lymph node metastasis. Disease-free survival was significantly lower in patients who were positive for expression of actinin-4 (p=0.010); overall survival showed no difference between patients with or without expression of actinin-4, however. The results revealed that actinin-4 was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Expression of actinin-4 showed a 73% sensitivity and 68% specificity for prediction of delayed cervical lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, actinin-4 may potentially be a useful biomarker for prediction of delayed cervical lymph node metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Matsuzaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center
| | - Yukio Watabe
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center
| | - Kazuaki Enatsu
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center
| | - Shiro Shigematsu
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kazmi F, Alkait S, Alghamdi H, Alhussain G, Tabassum A. Assessing Knowledge, Attitude and Practices for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma among Health Care Professionals in Princess Nourah University, Riyadh, KSA. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:539-545. [PMID: 32102536 PMCID: PMC7332148 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.2.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a growing public health problem affecting 2.2 million of the world’s population per year and the rates are increasing annually. The disease is usually diagnosed in later stages, and carries high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Proper awareness among health care professionals (HCP) is the most significant factor for ensuring early diagnosis and treatment. They should have thorough knowledge to identify all suspicious lesions or otherwise to seek specialist opinion when unsure. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of OSCC among dental and medical undergraduate students along with general practitioners and specialists of both disciplines. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University and its affiliated hospital. A total of 332 participants filled a close-ended online questionnaire. Responses to the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: Of the 450 health care professionals approached, 332 filled the questionnaire with a response rate of 73.77.%. It was observed that the mean knowledge index was higher among dental participants (10.96 ± 1.85). The attitude index was higher at medical side (6.89 ± 1.11), and the practice index was also higher among the dental participants (4.95 ± 0.91). Most of the health care professionals had knowledge regarding risk factors associated with OSCC. HCPs indicated their lack of training as the main barrier for conducting a comprehensive examination for OSCC. Interestingly, the vast majority of HCPs expressed their interest to have further educational and training sessions regarding this malignancy. Conclusion: The study puts forward, the need for intensive training and workshops for awareness and improvement of the abilities of the HCPs, (including dental and medical undergraduate students along with practitioners and specialists) to diagnose OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Kazmi
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Shahad Alkait
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Hend Alghamdi
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Ghaida Alhussain
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Afsheen Tabassum
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, KSA
| |
Collapse
|