Primary breast lymphoma: A single center study

Cancer-associated fibroblasts facilitate breast cancer progression through exosomal circTBPL1-mediated intercellular communication

Breast cancer is the major common malignancy worldwide among women. Previous studies reported that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) showed pivotal roles in regulating tumor progression via exosome-mediated cellular communication. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the exosomal circRNA from CAFs in breast cancer progression remains ambiguous. Here, exosomal circRNA profiling of breast cancer-derived CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) was detected by high-throughput sequencing, and upregulated circTBPL1 expression was identified in CAF exosomes. The exosomal circTBPL1 from CAFs could be transferred to breast cancer cells and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Consistently, circTBPL1 knockdown in CAFs attenuated their tumor-promoting ability. Further exploration identified miR-653-5p as an inhibitory target of circTBPL1, and ectopic expression of miR-653-5p could partially reverse the malignant phenotypes induced by circTBPL1 overexpression in breast cancer. Additionally, TPBG was selected as a downstream target gene, and circTBPL1 could protect TPBG from miR-653-5p-mediated degradation, leading to enhanced breast cancer progression. Significantly, the accelerated tumor progression triggered by exosomal circTBPL1 from CAFs was confirmed in xenograft models. Taken together, these results revealed that exosomal circTBPL1 derived from CAFs contributed to cancer progression via miR-653-5p/TPBG pathway, indicating the potential of exosomal circTBPL1 as a biomarker and novel therapeutic target for breast cancer.

An overview of the correlation between IPI and prognosis in primary breast lymphoma

Primary breast lymphoma (PBL), with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as the most histopathological type, is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is an important clinical characteristic for risk stratification of PBL patients with different prognoses. However, the prognostic value of the IPI in PBL is controversial and needs to be refined. In this review, we described the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, and treatment of PBL, with emphasis on the prognostic value of the IPI, its updated versions and IPIs for certain subtypes. A total of 9 types of IPIs were presented. In addition, the key issues with the various treatment modalities available were addressed, as well as the role of rituximab in therapy. We also summarized the current evidence and future challenges facing other types of prognostic indices. In particular, prospective clinical studies of treatment are rare, and the available data were mainly obtained from retrospective case series that included a small number of patients. Therefore, our conclusions and recommendations cannot serve as formal guidelines. However, this review attempts to provide an unbiased analysis of published data to provide clinicians with useful assistance in the treatment of this uncommon form of extranodal lymphoma.

CircPDSS1 promotes the proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT of breast cancer cell via regulating miR-320c/CKAP5 axis

Background

Breast cancer (BC) poses serious threats to women’s health. A large number of reports have proved that circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert vital functions in human cancers, including BC.

Methods

The function of circPDSS1 in BC cells was tested by CCK-8, colony formation, TUNEL, transwell-invasion, wound healing, and IF assays. RNA pull down, luciferase reporter and RIP assays were employed to verify the relationship among circPDSS1, miR-320c and CKAP5.

Results

CircPDSS1 was upregulated in BC cells, and circPDSS1 knockdown repressed BC cell malignant behaviors. Further, circPDSS1 was found to bind to miR-320c in BC cells, and miR-320c overexpression suppressed malignant processes of BC cells. MiR-320c could also bind to CKAP5. Moreover, miR-320c inhibition increased the level of CKAP5, but circPDSS1 downregulation decreased the level of CKAP5. Finally, rescue experiments indicated that CKAP5 knockdown countervailed the promoting effect of miR-320c inhibition on the malignant behaviors of circPDSS1-depleted BC cells.

Conclusions

CircPDSS1 promotes proliferation, invasion, migration as well as EMT of BC cells by modulating miR-320c/CKAP5 axis. Our finding may be useful for researchers to find new potential therapeutic or diagnostic targets for BC.

DRAIC promotes growth of breast cancer by sponging miR-432-5p to upregulate SLBP

Mounting evidence suggests that lncRNAs can exert functions in cancer progression in multiple manners. In recent years, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) has been widely reported in human cancers as a lncRNA-dominant molecular pathway. The current study aimed at proving the role of lncRNA downregulated RNA in cancer (DRAIC) in breast cancer (BRCA) progression. To be specific, qRT-PCR assay was conducted to measure the expression of DRAIC and other downstream target genes. It was uncovered that DRAIC was expressed at a high level in BRCA cells. Functional analyses, including CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU assays demonstrated that DRAIC depletion suppressed BRCA cell proliferation. In addition, cell apoptosis was promoted due to DRAIC knockdown. The inhibitory effect of DRAIC reduction on BRCA cell migration and invasion was proven by transwell assays. Mechanistically, DRAIC was confirmed to predominantly distribute in the cytoplasm and could interact with miR-432-5p. In addition, stem-loop binding protein (SLBP) was verified to be a downstream target of miR-432-5p and was positively regulated by DRAIC. Taken together, DRAIC sponged miR-432-5p to enhance SLBP expression, by which malignant behaviors of BRCA cells were promoted. Our findings may help to provide a promising therapeutic target for BRCA patients.

Circular RNA circ_IRAK3 contributes to tumor growth through upregulating KIF2A via adsorbing miR-603 in breast cancer

Background

Breast cancer (BC) threatens the health of women around the world. Researchers have proved that hsa_circ_0005505 (circ_IRAK3) facilitates BC cell invasion and migration, but the regulatory mechanisms of circ_IRAK3 in BC remain mostly unknown. We aim to explore a new mechanism by which circ_IRAK3 promotes BC progression.

Methods

Levels of circ_IRAK3, microRNA (miR)-603, and kinesin family member 2A (KIF2A) mRNA in BC tissues and cells were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cell cycle progression, colony formation, and proliferation of BC cells were evaluated by flow cytometry, plate clone, or 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assays. The migration, invasion, and apoptosis of BC cells were determined by transwell or flow cytometry assays. Several protein levels were detected using western blotting. The targeting relationship between circ_IRAK3 or KIF2A and miR-603 was verified via dual-luciferase reporter assay. The role of circ_IRAK3 in vivo was verified by xenograft assay.

Results

We observed higher levels of circ_IRAK3 in BC tissues and cell lines than their respective controls. Functional experiments presented that circ_IRAK3 silencing induced BC cell apoptosis, curbed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and decreased tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circ_IRAK3 could modulate kinesin family member 2A (KIF2A) expression through acting as a microRNA (miR)-603 sponge. miR-603 silencing impaired the effects of circ_IRAK3 inhibition on the malignant behaviors of BC cells. Also, the repressive effects of miR-603 mimic on the malignant behaviors of BC cells were weakened by KIF2A overexpression.

Conclusions

circ_IRAK3 exerted a promoting effect on BC progression by modulating the miR-603/KIF2A axis, providing a piece of novel evidence for circ_IRAK3 as a therapeutic target for BC.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02497-y.

CircARL8B Contributes to the Development of Breast Cancer Via Regulating miR-653-5p/HMGA2 Axis

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as essential regulators in breast cancer (BC) progression. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the functions of circARL8B in BC. The levels of circARL8B, ADP Ribosylation Factor Like GTPase 8B (ARL8B), miR-653-5p and high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) mRNA were examined by qRT-PCR. The stability of circARL8B was determined by RNase R assay and Actinomycin D assay. Cell viability and metastasis were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and transwell assay, respectively. The levels of cellular phospholipids and triglycerides were measured using relevant kits. Protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. The association between miR-653-5p and circARL8B or HMGA2 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. A murine xenograft model was established to explore the function of circARL8B in vivo. CircARL8B was increased in BC tissues and cells. CircARL8B silencing inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion and fatty acid metabolism in BC cells in vitro and blocked tumor growth in vivo. MiR-653-5p was identified as the target of circARL8B and miR-653-5p was negatively modulated by circARL8B. The suppressive role of circARL8B silencing in BC cell progression was abolished by miR-653-5p downregulation. Moreover, HMGA2 was the target gene of miR-653-5p. HMGA2 overexpression abrogated the effect of miR-653-5p on BC cell development. In addition, circARL8B knockdown might block PGE2/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Silencing of circARL8B inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion and fatty acid metabolism via miR-653-5p/HMGA2 axis in BC.

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, Giant Cell-Rich, Involving a Nonimplant Breast: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Primary breast lymphomas are uncommon tumors and account for <1% of all malignant neoplasms of the breast. They are almost always of non-Hodgkin type, with B-cell lymphomas being the most common subtype. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma that can involve the breast. Most of the articles in the literature describe ALCL in association with breast implants. We present a 48-year-old woman with a left breast enlargement and no history of an implant. Microscopic sections showed a high-grade CD30-positive lymphoid neoplasm with frequent giant cells, which turned out to be a primary ALCL of the breast, giant cell-rich pattern. To our knowledge, no cases of primary ALCL, giant cell-rich variant, have been reported in the breast in the absence of an implant making our case unique.

Long Noncoding RNA TTC39A-AS1 Promotes Breast Cancer Tumorigenicity by Sponging MicroRNA-483-3p and Thereby Upregulating MTA2

INTRODUCTION

In recent years, the regulatory activities of long noncoding RNAs have received increasing attention as an important research focus. This study aimed to characterize the expression and detailed roles of TTC39A antisense RNA 1 (TTC39A-AS1) in breast cancer (BC), in addition to concentrating on its downstream mechanisms.

METHODS

Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to determine the expression levels of TTC39A-AS1, microRNA-483-3p (miR-483-3p), and metastasis-associated gene 2 (MTA2). Further, the detailed functions of TTC39A-AS1 in BC cells were confirmed using the Cell Counting Kit 8 assay, flow cytometric analysis, and Transwell cell migration and invasion assays. The targeting relationship between TTC39A-AS1, miR-483-3p, and MTA2 in BC was predicted via bioinformatics analysis and further confirmed by performing the luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation.

RESULTS

TTC39A-AS1 was present in high levels in BC; this result was confirmed in our sample cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Patients with BC with a high level of TTC39A-AS1 had a shorter overall survival than those with a low level of TTC39A-AS1. Functionally, the absence of TTC39A-AS1 accelerated cell apo-ptosis but retained cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, TTC39A-AS1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA in BC by sponging miR-483-3p and thereby indirectly increasing MTA2 expression. Finally, rescue experiments revealed that the tumor-inhibiting actions of TTC39A-AS1 knockdown on the malignant characteristics of BC cells could be reversed by inhibiting miR-483-3p or upregulating MTA2.

CONCLUSION

The newly identified TTC39A-AS1/miR-483-3p/MTA2 pathway was revealed to be a critical regulator in the tumorigenicity of BC, possibly offering a novel therapeutic direction for the anticancer treatment of BC.

Prognostic and diagnostic roles of prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit α members in breast cancer

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of P4HAs in breast cancer (BC) patients. Materials & methods: Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to evaluate the prognostic values of P4HAs and correlations between their expression and clinical characteristics were assessed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Human Protein Atlas. Results: The current study showed that P4HAs were highly expressed in BC patients with clinical stage I compared with nontumor control and elevated P4HAs were correlated with poor survival outcomes. Subtypes analysis revealed that P4HA1 and P4HA2 were most expressed in HER2+ subtypes patients. Univariate analysis displayed that elevated P4HA1 and P4HA3 correlated with unfavorable recurrence-free survival in mutated TP53 patients. Conclusion: This study indicated the diagnostic and prognostic roles of P4HAs members and broadened the biomarker fields of early diagnosis and prognostic monitoring of BC patients.

Epidemiological features of primary breast lymphoma patients and development of a nomogram to predict survival

BACKGROUND

Studies on the epidemiology and prognosis of primary breast lymphoma (PBL) are lack for low incidence. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of PBL and develop nomograms to predict patient survival.

METHODS

Data of patients who were diagnosed with PBL from 1975 to 2011 and incidence rate of PBL from 1975 to 2017 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Time-varying multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Nomograms were constructed based on the independent prognostic factors identified in multivariate Cox regression analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 1427 patients diagnosed with PBL were identified with the average age of 67.1 years. The overall incidence of PBL is 1.35/1,000,000 (adjusted to the United States standard population in 2000) from 1975 to 2017, with a significant upward trend by an annual percentage change (APC) of 2.91 (95%CI 2.29-3.94, P < 0.05). Age, sex, race, year of diagnosis, marital status, histological subtype, Ann Arbor Stage, and treatment modality were assessed as independent prognostic factors for OS and DSS by multivariable Cox regression (P < 0.05). Nomograms were constructed to predict the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10- year OS and DSS. The concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots showed robustness and accuracy of the nomogram.

CONCLUSION

The overall incidence of PBL was steadily increasing over the past four decades. Nomograms constructed can predicting 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS and identify patients with high-risk PBL.

It's Not Always Gynecomastia: A Case of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Breast Mass in a Male Patient

We report a case of diffuse large B-cell breast lymphoma that presented as a palpable breast lump in a male patient evaluated with digital mammography and targeted breast ultrasound (US) but ultimately confirmed by US-guided core needle biopsy. We will discuss the appropriate workup algorithm for a palpable breast lump in a male patient as outlined by the American College of Radiology (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria. While gynecomastia is the most common reason for a new palpable breast lump in a male patient, male breast cancer (including lymphoma and metastasis) can have a similar appearance on imaging. Our goal is to provide clarity on proper radiographic assessment protocols and imaging features of palpable breast masses in men by emphasizing the role of anatomical location and symmetry in distinguishing it from more common causes, such as gynecomastia, in future diagnostic imaging scenarios.

Circular RNA circ_SETD2 represses breast cancer progression via modulating the miR-155-5p/SCUBE2 axis

Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Circular RNA circ_SETD2 (circ_SETD2), also termed as hsa_circ_0065173, is reported to be abnormally expressed in BC. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of circ_SETD2 in BC are unclear. Expression of circ_SETD2, miR-155-5p, and SCUBE2 mRNA was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were determined by flow cytometry, MTT, and transwell assays. The relationship between circ_SETD2 or SCUBE2 and miR-155-5p was verified through a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The role of circ_SETD2 in BC in vivo was confirmed by a xenograft assay. circ_SETD2 and SCUBE2 were downregulated, while miR-155-5p was upregulated in BC tissues and cells. Both circ_SETD2 and SCUBE2 elevation arrested cell cycle progression, inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and accelerated cell apoptosis in BC cells. Moreover, circ_SETD2 upregulation repressed BC growth in vivo. Importantly, circ_SETD2 modulated SCUBE2 expression through competitively binding to miR-155-5p in BC cells. Also, the inhibitory impacts of circ_SETD2 enhancement on the malignant behavior of BC cells were restored by miR-155-5p overexpression. Besides, SCUBE2 silencing abolished miR-155-5p downregulation mediated effects on the malignant behavior of BC cells. Therefore, circ_SETD2 curbed BC progression via upregulating SCUBE2 via binding to miR-155-5p.

LncRNA-SNHG7 Enhances Chemotherapy Resistance and Cell Viability of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-186

BACKGROUND

Clinical tolerance to trastuzumab greatly affects the therapeutic effect in breast cancer (BC). Long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the development of trastuzumab resistance, in which SNHG7 can promote the epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of breast cancer cells into, while EMT is related to trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer cells.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate whether lncRNA-SNHG7 can enhance chemotherapy resistance and cell viability of BC cells by regulating miR-186.

METHODS

SK-BR-3 and SNHG7 of HER2+BC cells were induced to enhance the resistance of BC cells to trastuzumab by regulating miR-186, and to regulate the expression levels of SNHG7 and miR-186. The sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to trastuzumab and the changes of cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and EMT were measured and verified by tumorigenesis in vivo. The effects of miR-186 on SNHG7 were investigated through rescue experiments; the regulatory relationship between the expression of SNHG7 and miR-186 was verified by the double luciferase reporter (DLR) and the mechanism of SNHG7 was explored.

RESULTS

Down-regulation of SNHG7 or up-regulation of miR-186 could increase the sensitivity of BC cells to trastuzumab, inhibit the proliferation, migration and EMT, and promote apoptosis. Compared with the down-regulation of SNHG7 or miR-186 alone, simultaneous down-regulation of SNHG7 and miR-186 on drug-resistant cells brought notably lower sensitivity to trastuzumab and apoptosis rate, and higher proliferation and apoptosis ability. The DLR showed that miR-186 could specifically inhibit the expression of SNHG7. The results of tumorigenesis in vivo revealed that down-regulation of SNHG7 or up-regulation of miR-186 could improve the therapeutic effect of trastuzumab and reduce the tumor volume, and miR-186 could also antagonize the effect of SNHG7.

CONCLUSION

Down-regulation of SNHG7-targeted miR-186 can reverse trastuzumab resistance of BC cells, inhibit the proliferation, migration, and EMT levels of BC cells, and promote apoptosis.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Primary Breast Lymphoma: The Cleveland Clinic Experience

Introduction Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare malignancy that accounts for less than 0.5% of all breast malignancies. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 36 PBL patients to report the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with indolent and aggressive histologic subtypes. Results Thirteen (36%) patients had aggressive and 23 (64%) had indolent PBL. Marginal zone lymphoma was the most common histologic subtype (33%). Stage IE, IIE, and IV disease were seen in 27 (75%), six (17%), and three (8%) patients, respectively. Patients with aggressive PBL more often presented with a breast lump and/or B symptoms (unexplained weight loss, fever, night sweats) (78% vs. 31%, p = 0.005). Commonly used treatment modalities for aggressive vs. indolent PBL were chemotherapy alone (23% vs. 26%, p = 0.8), chemoradiotherapy (46% vs. 9%, p = 0.009), radiotherapy alone (15% vs. 22%, p = 0.6), and observation (0% vs. 26%, p = 0.07), respectively. The five-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of PBL patients were 82% (95% CI: 67 - 100) and 63% (95% CI: 45 - 89), respectively. The five-year OS of patients with aggressive vs. indolent PBL were 92% (95% CI: 77 - 100) vs. 80% (95% CI: 63 - 100), respectively (p = 0.6). The five-year OS of patients who received > 1, 1, and 0 treatment modalities were 92% (95% CI: 77 - 100), 86% (95% CI: 63 - 100), and 53% (95% CI: 21 - 100), respectively. Conclusion In our cohort, the higher utilization of chemoradiotherapy in aggressive PBL was able to overcome the worse prognosis of these patients. At least one treatment modality should be considered in patients with indolent PBL, given that observation alone was associated with a poor prognosis.

Clinicopathological Features, Treatment, and Prognosis in Primary Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma of the Breast: A Retrospective Study of 46 Patients

BACKGROUND Primary lymphoma of the breast is rare, and primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the breast is very rare. This study aimed to identify the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment associated with prognosis in patients with primary DLBCL of the breast. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study included the clinical and treatment data from 46 women with a histological diagnosis of primary DLBCL. Patients were staged using Ann Arbor staging criteria, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and the international prognostic index (IPI) scores were obtained. Laboratory finding included serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and the immunohistochemistry findings were recorded. RESULTS Patients (n=46), included stage I (n=18), stage II (n=18), stage III (n=3), and stage IV DLBCL (n=9). Treatment included chemotherapy with rituximab (n=16), and radiotherapy (n=12). The median follow-up time was 40.5 months, the 5-year OS rate was 36.2%, and the 5-year PFS rate was 29.1%. Univariate analysis showed that clinical stage, serum LDH, the IPI score, chemotherapy cycles >3, and Bcl-2 and Bcl-6 expression were correlated with the 5-year OS and PFS. Multivariate risk regression analysis showed that the number of chemotherapy cycles (>3) and Bcl-6 expression were independent prognostic factors in primary DLBCL of the breast (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A retrospective study of 46 patients with primary DLBCL of the breast showed that >3 cycles of chemotherapy and expression of Bcl-6 resulted in improved OS and PFS. Radiotherapy controlled local tumor recurrence but did not improve the OS and PFS. Rituximab did not improve patient survival.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0072309 inhibits proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells via targeting miR-492

Background

Although the number of circular RNAs (circRNAs) that has been identified in multiple cancer tissues continues to increase, the relationship between circRNA expression and carcinogenesis remains unknown. The role of hsa_circ_0072309 in breast cancer has remained undefined until now. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0072309 in breast cancer progression.

Methods

hsa_circ_0072309 expression in breast cancer tissues was analyzed using qRT-PCR. A series of functional experiments were carried out to investigate hsa_circ_0072309 function in breast cancer development and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Results

hsa_circ_0072309 expression in breast cancer tissues was upregulated relative to that in adjacent normal tissues. hsa_circ_0072309 could serve as a prognostic biomarker of breast cancer. hsa_circ_0072309 overexpression dramatically inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro. In vivo assays revealed that the ectopic expression of hsa_circ_0072309 repressed breast cancer growth. The results of our mechanistic studies indicated that hsa_circ_0072309 could act as the sponge of miR-492, which exhibited increased expression in breast cancer tissues. Hsa_circ_0072309 suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by inhibiting miR-492.

Conclusion

Our findings revealed for the first time that the hsa_circ_0072309-miR-492 axis plays an essential role in breast cancer progression.

The construction and analysis of ceRNA networks in invasive breast cancer: a study based on The Cancer Genome Atlas

Background

Studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) make up the major proportion of the ceRNA network and can regulate gene expression by competitively binding to miRNAs. This reveals the existence of an RNA-miRNA regulatory pathway and is of great biological significance. CeRNAs, as competitive endogenous RNAs, have revealed a new mechanism of interaction between RNAs. Until now, the role of lncRNA-mediated ceRNAs in breast cancer and their regulatory mechanisms have been elucidated to some extent.

Purpose

In this study, comprehensive analysis of large-scale invasive breast cancer samples in TCGA were conducted to further explore the developmental mechanism of invasive breast cancer and the potential predictive markers for invasive breast cancer prognosis in the ceRNA network.

Methods

Abnormal expression profiles of invasive breast cancer associated mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs were obtained from the TCGA database. Through further alignment and prediction of target genes, an abnormal lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed for invasive breast cancer. Through the overall survival analysis, Identification prognostic bio-markers for invasive breast cancer patients. In addition, we used Cytoscape plug-in BinGo for the different mRNA performance functional cluster analysis.

Results

Differential analysis revealed that 1059 lncRNAs, 86 miRNAs, and 2138 mRNAs were significantly different in invasive breast cancer samples versus normal samples. Then we construct an abnormal lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network for invasive breast cancer, consisting of 90 DElncRNAs, 18 DEmiRNAs and 26 DEmRNAs.Further, 4 out of 90 lncRNAs, 3 out of 26 mRNAs, and 2 out of 18 miRNAs were useful as prognostic biomarkers for invasive breast cancer patients (P value < 0.05). It is worth noting that based on the ceRNA network, we found that the LINC00466-Hsa-mir-204- NTRK2 LINC00466-hsa-mir-204-NTRK2 axis was present in 9 RNAs associated with the prognosis of invasive breast cancer.

Conclusion

This study provides an effective bioinformatics basis for further understanding of the molecular mechanism of invasive breast cancerand for predicting outcomes, which can guide the use of invasive breast cancerdrugs and subsequent related research.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0008039 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating miR-432-5p/E2F3 axis

As the development of sequencing technology, more and more circular RNAs (circRNAs) are identified in human cancer tissues. Increasing evidences imply circRNAs are important regulators in tumor progression. Nevertheless, how circRNAs participate in breast cancer development and progression is not well understood. In the present study, we identified a novel circRNA hsa_circ_0008039 with upregulated expression level in breast cancer tissues. By functional experiments, we found that hsa_circ_0008039 depletion significantly suppressed the proliferation, arrested cell-cycle progression and reduced migration in breast cancer. Mechanistic investigations suggested that hsa_circ_0008039 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-432-5p. Subsequently, E2F3 was identified as the functional target of miR-432-5p and overexpression of hsa_circ_0008039 elevated E2F3 expression in breast cancer. On the whole, our study indicated that hsa_circ_0008039 exerted oncogenic roles in breast cancer and suggested the hsa_circ_0008039/miR-432-5p/E2F3 axis might be a potential therapeutic target.

Circular RNA circ-ABCB10 promotes breast cancer proliferation and progression through sponging miR-1271

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a key regulator in the development and progression of human cancers, however its role in breast cancer tumorigenesis is not well understood. The present study aims to investigate the expression profiles and potential modulation of circRNA on breast cancer carcinogenesis. Human circRNA microarray was performed to screen for abnormally expressed circRNA in breast cancer tissue. Results found circ-ABCB10, was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer tissue. And results were replicated in a larger sample size. In vitro, loss-of-function experiments showed circ-ABCB10 knockdown suppressed the proliferation and increased apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Bioinformatics prediction program predicted the complementary sequence within circ-ABCB10 and miR-1271, which was validated by luciferase reporter assay. Finally, miR-1271 rescued the function of circ-ABCB10 on breast cancer cells, confirming the sponge effect of circ-ABCB10 on miR-1271. Overall, results identified a new functional circ-ABCB10 in breast cancer tumorigenesis, and reveal the important regulatory role of circ-ABCB10 through sponging miR-1271, providing a novel insight for breast cancer pathogenesis.