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Khakwani MMAK, Ji XY, Khattak S, Sun YC, Yao K, Zhang L. Targeting colorectal cancer at the level of nuclear pore complex. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00245-5. [PMID: 38876192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are the architectures entrenched in nuclear envelop of a cell that regulate the nucleo-cytoplasmic transportation of materials, such as proteins and RNAs for proper functioning of a cell. The appropriate localization of proteins and RNAs within the cell is essential for its normal functionality. For such a complex transportation of materials across the NPC, around 60 proteins are involved comprising nucleoporins, karyopherins and RAN system proteins that play a vital role in NPC's structure formation, cargo translocation across NPC, and cargoes' rapid directed transportation respectively. In various cancers, the structure and function of NPC is often exaggerated, following altered expressions of its nucleoporins and karyopherins, affecting other proteins of associated signaling pathways. Some inhibitors of karyopherins at present, have potential to regulate the altered level/expression of these karyopherin molecules. AIM OF REVIEW This review summarizes the data from 1990 to 2023, mainly focusing on recent studies that illustrate the structure and function of NPC, the relationship and mechanisms of nucleoporins and karyopherins with colorectal cancer, as well as therapeutic values, in order to understand the pathology and underlying basis of colorectal cancer associated with NPC. This is the first review to our knowledge elucidating the detailed updated studies targeting colorectal cancer at NPC. The review also aims to target certain karyopherins, Nups and their possible inhibitors and activators molecules as a therapeutic strategy. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW NPC structure provides understanding, how nucleoporins and karyopherins as key molecules are responsible for appropriate nucleocytoplasmic transportation. Many studies provide evidences, describing the role of disrupted nucleoporins and karyopherins not only in CRC but also in other non-hematological and hematological malignancies. At present, some inhibitors of karyopherins have therapeutic potential for CRC, however development of more potent inhibitors may provide more effective therapeutic strategies for CRC in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mahtab Aslam Khan Khakwani
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Department of Oncology, Huaxian County Hospital, Huaxian, Henan Province 456400, China; Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Gong-Ming Rd, Mazhai Town, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450064, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ying-Chuan Sun
- Department of Internal Oncology (Section I), Xuchang Municipal Central Hospital, Xuchang, Henan 430000, China
| | - Kunhou Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
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2
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Xu M, Hu X, Xiao Z, Zhang S, Lu Z. Silencing KPNA2 Promotes Ferroptosis in Laryngeal Cancer by Activating the FoxO Signaling Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10655-8. [PMID: 38379037 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
We aim to clarify the specific role of Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) in the progression of laryngeal cancer, a kind of malignant tumor with a poor curative effect. We performed the bioinformatic analysis to obtain the ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes. KPNA2 was screened out. Then the CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were used to clarify the changes in the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of laryngeal cancer cells after silencing KPNA2. The concentrations of iron ions, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde were evaluated by the corresponding detection kits. The expression levels of cyclooxygenase 2, Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, glutathione peroxidase 4, forkhead box O (FoxO)1a and FoxO3a were determined by Western Blot. A total of 45 ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes in laryngeal cancer were obtained, and KPNA2 was selected after bioinformatic analysis. In ferroptosis-induced laryngeal cancer cells, the cell viability, migration rate, invasion ability, and the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase were further decreased and the expression of cyclooxygenase 2, Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, iron ions, and malondialdehyde were further increased after silencing KPNA2. The expression levels of FoxO1a and FoxO3a in laryngeal cancer cells were increased by silencing KPNA2. KPNA2 may be a promising therapeutic target for laryngeal cancer. Down-regulation of KPNA2 can promote ferroptosis in laryngeal cancer by stimulating the FoxO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoqi Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhixue Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhongming Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
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Wang DW, Yang ZS, Xu J, Yang LJ, Yang TC, Wang HQ, Feng MH, Su F. Identification of Prognostic Genes for Colon Cancer through Gene Co-expression Network Analysis. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:1012-1022. [PMID: 34542829 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was aimed to identify novel key genes, prognostic biomarkers and molecular pathways implicated in tumorigenesis of colon cancer. METHODS The microarray data GSE41328 containing 10 colon cancer samples and 10 adjacent normal tissues was analyzed to identify 4763 differentially expressed genes. Meanwhile, another microarray data GSE17536 was performed for weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). RESULTS In present study, 12 co-expressed gene modules associated with tumor progression were identified for further studies. The red module showed the highest association with pathological stage by Pearson's correlation analysis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that genes in red module focused on cell division, cell proliferation, cell cycle and metabolic related pathway. Then, a total of 26 key hub genes were identified, and GEPIA database was subsequently selected for validation. Holliday junction-recognizing protein (HJURP) and cell division cycle 25 homolog C (CDC25C) were identified as effective prognosis biomarkers, which were all detrimental to prognosis. Gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) found the two hub genes were enriched in "oocyte meiosis", "oocyte maturation that are progesterone-mediated", "p53 signaling pathway", and "cell cycle". Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that HJURP was highly expressed in colon cancer tissue. CONCLUSION HJURP was identified as a key gene associated with colon cancer progression and prognosis by WGCNA, which might influence the prognosis by regulating cell cycle pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Wen Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Center for Clinical Medicine of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Clinical Cancer Study Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhang-Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Clinical Cancer Study Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Li-Jie Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Center for Clinical Medicine of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Clinical Cancer Study Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tie-Cheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Center for Clinical Medicine of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Clinical Cancer Study Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hua-Qiao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Center for Clinical Medicine of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Clinical Cancer Study Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Mao-Hui Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Center for Clinical Medicine of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Clinical Cancer Study Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Fei Su
- Department of Oncology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Liang YC, Su Q, Liu YJ, Xiao H, Yin HZ. Centromere Protein A (CENPA) Regulates Metabolic Reprogramming in the Colon Cancer Cells by Transcriptionally Activating Karyopherin Subunit Alpha 2 (KPNA2). THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:2117-2132. [PMID: 34508688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The karyopherin α2 subunit gene (KPNA2) has been reported as an oncogene and is involved in metabolic reprogramming in cancer. This study aimed to explore the function of KPNα2 in the growth and glycolysis in colon cancer (CC) cells. Genes from the Oncomine database that were differentially expressed in multiple CC types were screened. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that KPNA2 was highly expressed in CC: High expression of KPNA2 was detected in the CC cell lines. Down-regulation of KPNA2 reduced viability and DNA-replication ability, and it increased apoptosis of HCT116 and LoVo cells. It also reduced glucose consumption, extracellular acidification rate, and the ATP production in cells. Centromere protein A (CENPA) was confirmed as an upstream transcription activator of KPNA2. There was significant H3K27ac modification in the promoter region of KPNA2. CENPA mainly recruited histone acetyltransferase general control of amino acid synthesis (GCN)-5 to the promoter region of KPNA2 to induce transcription activation. Overexpression of either CENPA or GCN-5 blocked the role of short hairpin KPNα2 and restored growth and glycolysis in CC cells. To conclude, the findings from this study suggest that CENPA recruits GCN-5 to the promoter region of KPNA2 to induce KPNα2 activation, which strengthens growth and glycolysis in, and augments the development of, CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Su
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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5
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Importins: Diverse roles in male fertility. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 121:82-98. [PMID: 34426066 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulated nucleocytoplasmic transport is central to the changes in gene expression that underpin cellular development and homeostasis, including in the testis, and proteins in the importin family are the predominant facilitators of cargo transport through the nuclear envelope. Reports documenting cell-specific profiles of importin transcripts and proteins during spermatogenesis led us to hypothesize that importins facilitate developmental switches in the testis. More recently, importins have been shown to serve additional functions, both inside and outside the nucleus; these include acting as subcellular scaffolding, mediating cellular stress responses, and controlling transcription. This paper seeks to provide an overview and update on the functions of importin proteins, with a focus on testis development and spermatogenesis. We present an extended survey of importins by combining published single cell RNAseq data with immunohistochemistry on developing and adult mouse testes. This approach reinforces and broadens knowledge of importins in biological processes, including in spermatogenesis and during testis development, revealing additional avenues for impactful investigations.
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He J, Yang L, Chang P, Yang S, Lin S, Tang Q, Wang X, Zhang YJ. Zika virus NS2A protein induces the degradation of KPNA2 (karyopherin subunit alpha 2) via chaperone-mediated autophagy. Autophagy 2020; 16:2238-2251. [PMID: 32924767 PMCID: PMC7751636 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1823122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
KPNA2/importin-alpha1 (karyopherin subunit alpha 2) is the primary nucleocytoplasmic transporter for some transcription factors to activate cellular proliferation and differentiation. Aberrant increase of KPNA2 level is identified as a prognostic marker in a variety of cancers. Yet, the turnover mechanism of KPNA2 remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that KPNA2 is degraded via the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and that Zika virus (ZIKV) enhances the KPNA2 degradation. KPNA2 contains a CMA motif, which possesses an indispensable residue Gln109 for the CMA-mediated degradation. RNAi-mediated knockdown of LAMP2A, a vital component of the CMA pathway, led to a higher level of KPNA2. Moreover, ZIKV reduced KPNA2 via the viral NS2A protein, which contains an essential residue Thr100 for inducing the CMA-mediated KPNA2 degradation. Notably, mutant ZIKV with T100A alteration in NS2A replicates much weaker than the wild-type virus. Also, knockdown of KPNA2 led to a higher ZIKV viral yield, which indicates that KPNA2 mediates certain antiviral effects. These data provide insights into the KPNA2 turnover and the ZIKV-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China,Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Liping Yang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Peixi Chang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Shixing Yang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA,CONTACT Xinping Wang
| | - Shaoli Lin
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Qiyi Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xinping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China,Yan-Jin Zhang
Present address of Shixing Yang is School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan-Jin Zhang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA,Yan-Jin Zhang
Present address of Shixing Yang is School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Han Y, Wang X. The emerging roles of KPNA2 in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 241:117140. [PMID: 31812670 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2, also known as importinα-1), a member of the nuclear transporter family, is involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway of a variety of tumor-associated proteins. Recent studies have found that KPNA2 is overexpressed in various cancers, which is associated with poor prognosis. In addition, it has been shown to promote tumor formation and progression by participating in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, immune response, and viral infection. It is indicated that KPNA2 also plays an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. Herein, we provide an overview of the function and mechanism of KPNA2 in cancer and the prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In the future, KPNA2 provides new ideas for the early diagnosis of malignant tumors, the development of molecularly targeted drugs, and prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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Leo R, Therachiyil L, Siveen SK, Uddin S, Kulinski M, Buddenkotte J, Steinhoff M, Krishnankutty AR. Protein Expression Profiling Identifies Key Proteins and Pathways Involved in Growth Inhibitory Effects Exerted by Guggulsterone in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1478. [PMID: 31581454 PMCID: PMC6826505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading killer cancer worldwide and one of the most common malignancies with increasing incidences of mortality. Guggulsterone (GS) is a plant sterol used for treatment of various ailments such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and arthritis. In the current study, anti-cancer effects of GS in human colorectal cancer cell line HCT 116 was tested, potential targets identified using mass spectrometry-based label-free shotgun proteomics approach and key pathways validated by proteome profiler antibody arrays. Comprehensive proteomic profiling identified 14 proteins as significantly dysregulated. Proteins involved in cell proliferation/migration, tumorigenesis, cell growth, metabolism, and DNA replication were downregulated while the protein with functional role in exocytosis/tumor suppression was found to be upregulated. Our study evidenced that GS treatment altered expression of Bcl-2 mediated the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c which triggered the formation of apoptosome as well as activation of caspase-3/7 leading to death of HCT 116 cells via intrinsic apoptosis pathway. GS treatment also induced expression of p53 protein while p21 expression was unaltered with no cell cycle arrest. In addition, GS was found to inhibit NF-kB signaling in colon cancer cells by quelling the expression of its regulated gene products Bcl-2, cIAP-1, and survivin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rari Leo
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Sivaraman K Siveen
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Michal Kulinski
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - And Roopesh Krishnankutty
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
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Müller T, Tolkach Y, Stahl D, Steiner S, Hauser S, Ellinger J, Rabien A, Ralla B, Jung K, Stephan C, Kristiansen G. Karyopherin Alpha 2 Is an Adverse Prognostic Factor in Clear-Cell and Papillary Renal-Cell Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 17:e167-e175. [PMID: 30448104 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) is involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transport system and is functionally involved in the pathogenesis of various solid tumors by the translocation of cancer associated cargo proteins. However, the role of KPNA2 in renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protein expression of KPNA2 in cancerous and healthy renal tissues to evaluate its prognostic value in RCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We assessed KPNA2 protein expression via immunohistochemistry in a well-characterized cohort of 240 RCC patients by using a quantitative image analysis software. In addition, we analyzed publicly available gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS A subgroup of clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) showed elevated protein expression levels of KPNA2. Most remarkably, we detected a correlation between high KPNA2 protein expression and shorter overall survival times as well as higher tumor stage and International Society of Urologic Pathology grade in ccRCC. However, the prognostic value of KPNA2 was not confirmed by multivariate Cox regression analysis when tested together with strong prognostic factors like tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, International Society of Urologic Pathology grade, and resection status. The results of the TCGA gene expression data analysis confirmed the prognostic value of KPNA2 in ccRCC. Additionally, KPNA2 expression was identified as an adverse factor in papillary RCC at the transcript level. CONCLUSION KPNA2 appears to be involved in the carcinogenesis of RCC and functions as a novel prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Müller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuri Tolkach
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Stahl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Steiner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Hauser
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Rabien
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ralla
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jung
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Stephan
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Qian K, Huang H, Jiang J, Xu D, Guo S, Cui Y, Wang H, Wang L, Li K. Identifying autophagy gene-associated module biomarkers through construction and analysis of an autophagy-mediated ceRNA‑ceRNA interaction network in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1083-1093. [PMID: 29916526 PMCID: PMC6065403 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is crucial in cellular homeostasis and has been implicated in the development of malignant tumors. However, the regulatory function of autophagy in cancer remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the autophagy-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-ceRNA interaction networks in colorectal cancer (CRC) were constructed by integrating systematically expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs. It was found that a large proportion of autophagy genes were inclined to target hub nodes, including a fraction of autophagy genes, by comparing with other genes within ceRNA networks, and showed preferential interaction with themselves. The present study also revealed that autophagy genes may be used as prognostic markers for cancer therapy. A risk score model based on multivariable Cox regression analysis was then used to capture novel biomarkers in connection with lncRNA for the prognosis of CRC. These biomarkers were confirmed in the test dataset and an additional independent dataset. Furthermore, the prognostic value of biomarkers is independent of conventional clinical factors. These results provide improved understanding of autophagy-mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms in CRC and provide novel potential molecular therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Huang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Dahua Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Guo
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cui
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Kongning Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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Zhao J, Shi L, Zeng S, Ma C, Xu W, Zhang Z, Liu Q, Zhang P, Sun Y, Xu C. Importin-11 overexpression promotes the migration, invasion, and progression of bladder cancer associated with the deregulation of CDKN1A and THBS1. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:311.e1-311.e13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Wang CI, Yu CJ, Huang Y, Yi JS, Cheng HW, Kao HK, Lao WWK, Chang KP. Association of overexpressed karyopherin alpha 2 with poor survival and its contribution to interleukin-1β-induced matrix metalloproteinase expression in oral cancer. Head Neck 2018. [PMID: 29542209 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to elucidate the clinicopathological associations and molecular mechanisms of karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) progression. METHODS The KPNA2 expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 209 tissues and 181 saliva samples, respectively. The functions of KPNA2 in migration and invasion were examined in KPNA2-knowdown cells. The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The subcellular fraction was used to obtain the nuclear distribution of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). RESULTS The KPNA2 overexpression was associated with extranodal extension (P < .05) and poor disease-specific survival in patients with oral cavity SCC (P < .05). The salivary KPNA2 levels were elevated in patients with oral cavity SCC (P < .05). The KPNA2 knockdown reduced cell migration and invasion. This knockdown also suppressed the interleukin (IL)-1β-induced nuclear import of NF-κB and MMP (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9) transcription. CONCLUSION The KPNA2 overexpression is an independent biomarker for poor prognosis of oral cavity SCC and is required for MMP-mediated metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-I Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yenlin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Shan Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Wen Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Kai Kao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - William Wei-Kai Lao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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13
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Karyopherins in cancer. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 52:30-42. [PMID: 29414591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Malfunction of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport contributes to many diseases including cancer. Defective nuclear transport leads to changes in both the physiological levels and temporal-spatial location of tumor suppressors, proto-oncogenes and other macromolecules that in turn affect the tumorigenesis process and drug sensitivity of cancer cells. In addition to their nuclear transport functions in interphase, Karyopherin nuclear transport receptors also have important roles in mitosis and chromosomal integrity. Therefore, alterations in the expressions or regular functions of Karyopherins may have substantial effects on the course and outcome of diseases.
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