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López-Cortés R, Muinelo-Romay L, Fernández-Briera A, Gil Martín E. High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry Analysis of N-Glycans and Protein Markers after FUT8 Knockdown in the Syngeneic SW480/SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cell Model. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1379-1398. [PMID: 38507902 PMCID: PMC11002942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Disruption of the glycosylation machinery is a common feature in many types of cancer, and colorectal cancer (CRC) is no exception. Core fucosylation is mediated by the enzyme fucosyltransferase 8 (FucT-8), which catalyzes the addition of α1,6-l-fucose to the innermost GlcNAc residue of N-glycans. We and others have documented the involvement of FucT-8 and core-fucosylated proteins in CRC progression, in which we addressed core fucosylation in the syngeneic CRC model formed by SW480 and SW620 tumor cell lines from the perspective of alterations in their N-glycosylation profile and protein expression as an effect of the knockdown of the FUT8 gene that encodes FucT-8. Using label-free, semiquantitative mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we found noticeable differences in N-glycosylation patterns in FUT8-knockdown cells, affecting core fucosylation and sialylation, the Hex/HexNAc ratio, and antennarity. Furthermore, stable isotopic labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based proteomic screening detected the alteration of species involved in protein folding, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi post-translational stabilization, epithelial polarity, and cellular response to damage and therapy. This data is available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD050012. Overall, the results obtained merit further investigation to validate their feasibility as biomarkers of progression and malignization in CRC, as well as their potential usefulness in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Cortés
- Doctoral
Program in Methods and Applications in Life Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra (Galicia), Spain
| | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Liquid
Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela
(IDIS), CIBERONC, Travesía da Choupana, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña
(Galicia), Spain
| | - Almudena Fernández-Briera
- Molecular
Biomarkers, Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO), Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra (Galicia), Spain
| | - Emilio Gil Martín
- Nutrition
and Food Science Group, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology,
Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra (Galicia), Spain
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2
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Chen M, Zhang Q, Xu F, Li Z, Li J, Wang W, Wang S, Wang M, Qiu T, Li J, Zhang H, Wang W. Ti 3C 2 and Ti 2C MXene materials for high-performance isolation of extracellular vesicles via coprecipitation. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1269:341426. [PMID: 37290854 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as MXenes, are usually well utilized in the field of catalysts and battery due to their good hydrophilicity and diversified surface terminals. However, their potential applications in the treatment of biological samples have not been widely concerned. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain unique molecular signatures and could be used as biomarkers for the detection of severe diseases such as cancer, as well as monitoring the therapeutic response. In this work, two kinds of MXene materials (Ti3C2 and Ti2C) were successfully synthesized and employed in the isolation of EVs from the biological samples by taking advantage of the affinity interaction between the titanium (Ti) in MXenes and the phospholipid membrane of EVs. Compared with Ti2C MXene materials, TiO2 beads and the other EVs isolation methods, Ti3C2 MXene materials exhibited excellent isolation performance via the coprecipitation with EVs due to the abundant unsaturated coordination of Ti2+/Ti3+, and the dosage of materials was the lowest. Meanwhile, the whole isolation process could be done within 30 min and integrated well with the following analysis of proteins and ribonucleic acids (RNAs), which was also convenient and economic. Furthermore, the Ti3C2 MXene materials were used to isolate the EVs from the blood plasma of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and healthy donors. Proteomics analysis of EVs showed that 67 proteins were up-regulated, in which most of them were closely related to CRC progression. These findings indicate that the MXene material-based EVs isolation method via coprecipitation provides an efficient tool for early diagnosis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fang Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tian Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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3
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Rotoli D, Díaz-Flores L, Gutiérrez R, Morales M, Ávila J, Martín-Vasallo P. AmotL2, IQGAP1, and FKBP51 Scaffold Proteins in Glioblastoma Stem Cell Niches. J Histochem Cytochem 2022; 70:9-16. [PMID: 34165350 PMCID: PMC8721575 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211025480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) live in a continuous process of stemness reprogramming to achieve specific cell commitment within the so-called GSC niches, specifically located in periarteriolar regions. In this review, we analyze the expression levels, cellular and subcellular location, and role of three scaffold proteins (IQGAP1, FKBP51, and AmotL2) in GSC niches. Scaffold proteins contribute to cell differentiation, migration, and angiogenesis in glioblastoma. It could be of diagnostic interest for establishing stages, for therapeutic targets, and for improving glioblastoma prognosis, which is still at the experimental level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Rotoli
- Department of Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain,Instituto de Tecnología Biomédicas de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain,Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Gaetano Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gutiérrez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales
- Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Julio Ávila
- Department of Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain,Instituto de Tecnología Biomédicas de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- Pablo Martín-Vasallo, UD Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Laguna, Av/Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. E-mail:
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4
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Yankaskas CL, Bera K, Stoletov K, Serra SA, Carrillo-Garcia J, Tuntithavornwat S, Mistriotis P, Lewis JD, Valverde MA, Konstantopoulos K. The fluid shear stress sensor TRPM7 regulates tumor cell intravasation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/28/eabh3457. [PMID: 34244134 PMCID: PMC8270498 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cell intravasation preferentially occurs in regions of low fluid shear because high shear is detrimental to tumor cells. Here, we describe a molecular mechanism by which cells avoid high shear during intravasation. The transition from migration to intravasation was modeled using a microfluidic device where cells migrating inside longitudinal tissue-like microchannels encounter an orthogonal channel in which fluid flow induces physiological shear stresses. This approach was complemented with intravital microscopy, patch-clamp, and signal transduction imaging techniques. Fluid shear-induced activation of the transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channel promotes extracellular calcium influx, which then activates RhoA/myosin-II and calmodulin/IQGAP1/Cdc42 pathways to coordinate reversal of migration direction, thereby avoiding shear stress. Cells displaying higher shear sensitivity due to higher TRPM7 activity levels intravasate less efficiently and establish less invasive metastatic lesions. This study provides a mechanistic interpretation for the role of shear stress and its sensor, TRPM7, in tumor cell intravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Yankaskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Kaustav Bera
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | | | - Selma A Serra
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Carrillo-Garcia
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soontorn Tuntithavornwat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Panagiotis Mistriotis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - John D Lewis
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Miguel A Valverde
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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5
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Peng X, Wang T, Gao H, Yue X, Bian W, Mei J, Zhang Y. The interplay between IQGAP1 and small GTPases in cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111243. [PMID: 33434854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastatic spread of tumor cells to distant anatomical locations is a critical cause for disease progression and leads to more than 90 % of cancer-related deaths. IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1), a prominent regulator in the cancer metastasis process, is a scaffold protein that interacts with components of the cytoskeleton. As a critical node within the small GTPase network, IQGAP1 acts as a binding partner of several small GTPases, which in turn function as molecular switches to control most cellular processes, including cell migration and invasion. Given the significant interaction between IQGAP1 and small GTPases in cancer metastasis, we briefly elucidate the role of IQGAP1 in regulating cancer metastasis and the varied interactions existing between IQGAP1 and small GTPases. In addition, the potential regulators for IQGAP1 activity and its interaction with small GTPases are also incorporated in this review. Overall, we comprehensively summarize the role of IQGAP1 in cancer tumorigenicity and metastasis, which may be a potential anti-tumor target to restrain cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafeng Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China; First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Han Gao
- School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Xin Yue
- First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Weiqi Bian
- First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China; Wuxi Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China.
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6
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Bone Metastasis Phenotype and Growth Undergo Regulation by Micro-Environment Stimuli: Efficacy of Early Therapy with HGF or TGFβ1-Type I Receptor Blockade. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102520. [PMID: 31121879 PMCID: PMC6567054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) are biological stimuli of the micro-environment which affect bone metastasis phenotype through transcription factors, but their influence on the growth is scarcely known. In a xenograft model prepared with 1833 bone metastatic cells, derived from breast carcinoma cells, we evaluated mice survival and Twist and Snail expression and localization after competitive inhibition of HGF with NK4, or after blockade of TGFβ1-type I receptor (RI) with SB431542: in the latter condition HGF was also measured. To explain the in vivo data, in 1833 cells treated with SB431542 plus TGFβ1 we measured HGF formation and the transduction pathway involved. Altogether, HGF seemed relevant for bone-metastatic growth, being hampered by NK4 treatment, which decreased Twist more than Snail in the metastasis bulk. TGFβ1-RI blockade enhanced HGF in metastasis and adjacent bone marrow, while reducing prevalently Snail expression at the front and bulk of bone metastasis. The HGF accumulation in 1833 cells depended on an auxiliary signaling pathway, triggered by TGFβ1 under SB431542, which interfered in the transcription of HGF activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) downstream of TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1): HGF stimulated Twist transactivation. In conclusion, the impairment of initial outgrowth with NK4 seemed therapeutically promising more than SB431542 chemotherapy; a functional correlation between Twist and Snail in bone metastasis seemed to be influenced by the biological stimuli of the micro-environment, and the targeting of these phenotype biomarkers might inhibit metastasis plasticity and colonization, even if it would be necessary to consider the changes of HGF levels in bone metastases undergoing TGFβ1-RI blockade.
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7
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Rotoli D, Morales M, Maeso MDC, Ávila J, Pérez-Rodríguez ND, Mobasheri A, van Noorden CJF, Martín-Vasallo P. IQGAP1, AmotL2, and FKBP51 Scaffoldins in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment. J Histochem Cytochem 2019; 67:481-494. [PMID: 30794467 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419833334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequently occurring and aggressive primary brain tumor. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) and astrocytoma cells are the predominant malignant cells occurring in GB besides a highly heterogeneous population of migrating, neovascularizing and infiltrating myeloid cells that forms a complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Cross talk between the TME cells is pivotal in the biology of this tumor and, consequently, adaptor proteins at critical junctions of signaling pathways may be crucial. Scaffold proteins (scaffolins or scaffoldins) integrate external and internal stimuli to regulate various signaling pathways, interacting simultaneously with multiple proteins involved. We investigated by double and triple immunofluorescence the localization of IQGAP1, AmotL2, and FKBP51, three closely related scaffoldins, in malignant cells and TME of human GB tumors. We found that IQGAP1 is preferentially expressed in astrocytoma cells, AmotL2 in GSCs, and FKBP51 in white blood cells in human GB tumors. As GSCs are specially the target for novel therapies, we will investigate in further studies whether AmotL2 inhibition is effective in the treatment of GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Rotoli
- UD of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias.,Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.,Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale Gaetano Salvatore, Naples, Italy.,Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales
- Oncología Médica.,Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz, Spain.,Oncología Médica, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz, Spain
| | - María-Del-C Maeso
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica.,Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz, Spain
| | - Julio Ávila
- UD of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias.,Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Cornelis J F van Noorden
- Department of Medical Biology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- UD of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias.,Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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8
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Regulating Cdc42 and Its Signaling Pathways in Cancer: Small Molecules and MicroRNA as New Treatment Candidates. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040787. [PMID: 29596304 PMCID: PMC6017947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of neoplasms, metastatic disease is still the leading cause of death in cancer patients, with mortality rates still rising. Given this background, new ways to treat cancer will be important for development of improved cancer control strategies. Cdc42 is a member of the Rho GTPase family and plays an important role in cell-to-cell adhesion, formation of cytoskeletal structures, and cell cycle regulation. It thus influences cellular proliferation, transformation, and homeostasis, as well as the cellular migration and invasion processes underlying tumor formation. Cdc42 acts as a collection point for signal transduction and regulates multiple signaling pathways. Moreover, recent studies show that in most human cancers Cdc42 is abnormally expressed and promoting neoplastic growth and metastasis. Regarding possible new treatments for cancer, miRNA and small molecules targeting Cdc42 and related pathways have been recently found to be effective on cancer. In this review, we analyze the newly recognized regulation mechanisms for Cdc42 and Cdc42-related signal pathways, and particularly new treatments using small molecules and miRNAs to inhibit the abnormal overexpression of Cdc42 that may slow down the metastasis process, improve cancer therapy and lead to novel strategies for development of antineoplastic drugs.
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9
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Rotoli D, Pérez-Rodríguez ND, Morales M, Maeso MDC, Ávila J, Mobasheri A, Martín-Vasallo P. IQGAP1 in Podosomes/Invadosomes Is Involved in the Progression of Glioblastoma Multiforme Depending on the Tumor Status. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010150. [PMID: 28098764 PMCID: PMC5297783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor. GBM is formed by a very heterogeneous astrocyte population, neurons, neovascularization and infiltrating myeloid cells (microglia and monocyte derived macrophages). The IQGAP1 scaffold protein interacts with components of the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion molecules, and several signaling molecules to regulate cell morphology and motility, cell cycle and other cellular functions. IQGAP1 overexpression and delocalization has been observed in several tumors, suggesting a role for this protein in cell proliferation, transformation and invasion. IQGAP1 has been identified as a marker of amplifying cancer cells in GBMs. To determine the involvement of IQGAP1 in the onco-biology of GBM, we performed immunohistochemical confocal microscopic analysis of the IQGAP1 protein in human GBM tissue samples using cell type-specific markers. IQGAP1 immunostaining and subcellular localization was heterogeneous; the protein was located in the plasma membrane and, at variable levels, in nucleus and/or cytosol. Moreover, IQGAP1 positive staining was found in podosome/invadopodia-like structures. IQGAP1⁺ staining was observed in neurons (Map2⁺ cells), in cancer stem cells (CSC; nestin⁺) and in several macrophages (CD31⁺ or Iba1⁺). Our results indicate that the IQGAP1 protein is involved in normal cell physiology as well as oncologic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Rotoli
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Natalia Dolores Pérez-Rodríguez
- Service of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - Manuel Morales
- Service of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
- Medical Oncology, Hospiten® Hospitals, 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - María Del Carmen Maeso
- Service of Pathology, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - Julio Ávila
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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