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Zhang Q, Ding L, Li J, Liu K, Xia C, Chen S, Huang X, Pu Y, Song Y, Hu Q, Wang Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing of OSCC primary tumors and lymph nodes reveals distinct origin and phenotype of fibroblasts. Cancer Lett 2024; 600:217180. [PMID: 39154702 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Desmoplasia in fibroblasts within metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs) serves as an indicator of extranodal extension (ENE), which led mortality in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, systematic studies on fibroblasts in MLNs are lacking. Therefore, this study characterized the differences in phenotype, function, and origin of fibroblasts between primary tumors (PTs) and lymph nodes (LNs) in OSCC. We generated single-cell maps of PTs and paired MLNs and draining LNs from three OSCC patients. The transcriptomic atlas, pseudotime analysis, intercellular communication networks and enrichment analysis of the single cells were characterized. Phenotype and function heterogeneity of fibroblast cells between PTs and MLNs were further verified in vitro. Among 44,052 fibroblasts, we identified two distinct subpopulations of cancer-associated myofibroblastic cells (mCAFs): RGS4+ mCAF1 and COMP + mCAF2. Notably, they exhibited distinct distributions, with mCAF1 predominantly localized in the PTs and mCAF2 in the MLNs. Moreover, pseudotime analysis revealed their distinct origins: mCAF1 originated from inherent normal myofibroblastic cells in the PT, whereas mCAF2 originated from fibroblastic reticular cells in the LNs. Further functional experiments using primary fibroblasts revealed that, compared to mCAF1, mCAF2 in MLNs exhibited weaker crosstalk with immune cells but enhanced extracellular matrix activity, which is closely linked to ENE formation in OSCC. Additionally, we identified two fibroblast subgroups in a transforming state, indicating a potential epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Our research offers profound insights into the heterogeneity of fibroblasts between the PT and MLN in OSCC, serving as an essential resource for future drug discovery endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Kunyu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Chengwan Xia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Pathology Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Pathology Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Yumei Pu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China.
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China.
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Machens A, Lorenz K, Brandenburg T, Führer D, Weber F, Dralle H. Latest Progress in Risk-Adapted Surgery for Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:917. [PMID: 38473279 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The wider adoption of a preoperative ultrasound and calcitonin screening complemented by an intraoperative frozen section has increased the number of patients with occult sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). These advances offer new opportunities to reduce the extent of the initial operations, minimizing operative morbidity and the risk of postoperative thyroxin supplementation without compromising the cure. (2) Methods: This systematic review of the international literature published in the English language provides a comprehensive update on the latest progress made in the risk-adapted surgery for sporadic and hereditary MTC guided by an intraoperative frozen section. (3) Results: The current evidence confirms the viability of a hemithyroidectomy for desmoplasia-negative sporadic MTC. To add an extra safety margin, the hemithyroidectomy may be complemented by a diagnostic ipsilateral central node dissection. Despite the limited extent of the surgery, all the patients with desmoplasia-negative sporadic tumors achieved a biochemical cure with excellent clinical outcomes. A hemithyroidectomy decreases the need for postoperative thyroxine substitution, but a total thyroidectomy may be required for bilateral nodular thyroid disease. Hereditary MTC is a different issue. Because each residual thyroid C cell carries its own risk of malignant progression, a total thyroidectomy remains mandatory for hereditary MTC. (4) Conclusion: In experienced hands, a hemithyroidectomy, which minimizes morbidity without compromising the cure, is an adequate therapy for desmoplasia-negative sporadic MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Machens
- Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kerstin Lorenz
- Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tim Brandenburg
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Führer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Frank Weber
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Dralle
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45147 Essen, Germany
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Machens A, Bensch C, Wickenhauser C, Dralle H, Lorenz K. Comparing nodal with primary tumor desmoplasia uncovers metastatic patterns in multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190:K21-K25. [PMID: 38147465 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While primary tumor desmoplasia is a powerful biomarker of node metastases in sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), information for hereditary MTC is sparse. METHODS This proof-of-concept study, comprising 3 consecutive children with multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B, evaluated simultaneously the metastatic behavior of multiple primary thyroid tumors of disparate size and extent of desmoplasia within patients. RESULTS Altogether, MTC typically involved the ipsilateral central neck before spreading to the ipsilateral lateral and the contralateral neck. Medullary thyroid cancer in the upper thyroid lobe leaped the ipsilateral central neck to invade the ipsilateral lateral neck. Unlike the desmoplasia-positive 6-mm high-grade and 7-mm low-grade primary thyroid tumors, the desmoplasia-negative 8-, 11-, and 16-mm low-grade primary thyroid tumors did not spread to ipsilateral neck nodes. With extranodal growth, the extent of nodal desmoplasia was greater than with intranodal growth. CONCLUSION This proof-of-concept study suggests that primary tumor desmoplasia is an equally powerful biomarker of node metastasis in hereditary MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Machens
- Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, Halle (Saale) D-06097, Germany
| | - Claudia Bensch
- Department of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Department of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Henning Dralle
- Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, Halle (Saale) D-06097, Germany
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Lorenz
- Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, Halle (Saale) D-06097, Germany
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Nam SJ, Song SH, Lee SH, Jeung SY, Ah JG, Lee SH, Ryu MO. Peritoneal carcinomatosis with desmoplasia and osseous metaplasia mimicking encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis in a cat: case report. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1298736. [PMID: 38105775 PMCID: PMC10722156 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1298736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A 13-year-old neutered male Korean short-hair cat presented with anorexia, lethargy, and a severely distended abdomen, suggestive of ascites. Abdominocentesis yielded serosanguineous fluid. A subsequent diagnostic workup, including blood tests, ascitic fluid analysis, imaging studies [radiography, ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT)], and histopathological examination, was performed to identify the underlying cause. Imaging studies revealed characteristics of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) such as peritoneal thickening, fat stranding, and calcification. During laparotomy, fibrous membranes encapsulating the abdominal organs and ascites were observed, and multiple calcified regions were detected on the abdominal wall. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of poorly differentiated invasive malignant neoplasms, which were further classified as carcinomatosis based on positive cytokeratin and negative vimentin immunohistochemistry results. To our knowledge, this is the first report of sclerosing peritoneal carcinomatosis with osseous metaplasia in a cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Jeong Nam
- VIP Animal Medical Center KR, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hye Song
- VIP Animal Medical Center KR, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Jae Gon Ah
- VIP Animal Medical Center KR, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Lee
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Min-Ok Ryu
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sorvina A, Antoniou M, Esmaeili Z, Kochetkova M. Unusual Suspects: Bone and Cartilage ECM Proteins as Carcinoma Facilitators. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030791. [PMID: 36765749 PMCID: PMC9913341 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the complex three-dimensional network of fibrous proteins and proteoglycans that constitutes an essential part of every tissue to provide support for normal tissue homeostasis. Tissue specificity of the ECM in its topology and structure supports unique biochemical and mechanical properties of each organ. Cancers, like normal tissues, require the ECM to maintain multiple processes governing tumor development, progression and spread. A large body of experimental and clinical evidence has now accumulated to demonstrate essential roles of numerous ECM components in all cancer types. Latest findings also suggest that multiple tumor types express, and use to their advantage, atypical ECM components that are not found in the cancer tissue of origin. However, the understanding of cancer-specific expression patterns of these ECM proteins and their exact roles in selected tumor types is still sketchy. In this review, we summarize the latest data on the aberrant expression of bone and cartilage ECM proteins in epithelial cancers and their specific functions in the pathogenesis of carcinomas and discuss future directions in exploring the utility of this selective group of ECM components as future drug targets.
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Zhu H, Liu X. Advances of Tumorigenesis, Diagnosis at Early Stage, and Cellular Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Malignancies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:666340. [PMID: 34434889 PMCID: PMC8381364 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.666340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, in 2018, 4.8 million new patients have a diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, while 3.4 million people died of such disorders. GI malignancies are tightly relevant to 26% of the world-wide cancer incidence and occupies 35% of all cancer-associated deaths. In this article, we principally investigated molecular and cellular mechanisms of tumorigenesis in five major GI cancers occurring at esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and colorectal region that illustrate high morbidity in Eastern and Western countries. Moreover, through this investigation, we not only emphasize importance of the tumor microenvironment in development and treatment of malignant tumors but also identify significance of M2PK, miRNAs, ctDNAs, circRNAs, and CTCs in early detection of GI cancers, as well as systematically evaluate contribution of personalized precision medicine including cellular immunotherapy, new antigen and vaccine therapy, and oncolytic virotherapy in treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zhu
- Precision and Personalized Cancer Treatment Center, Division of Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy, Ciming Boao International Hospital, Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, Qionghai, China.,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Division of Cellular & Biomedical Science, Ciming Boao International Hospital, Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, Qionghai, China
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