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Zhang J, Bai J, Gong C, Wang J, Cheng Y, Zhao J, Xiong H. Serine-associated one-carbon metabolic reprogramming: a new anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1184626. [PMID: 37664062 PMCID: PMC10471886 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1184626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour metabolism is a major focus of cancer research, and metabolic reprogramming is an important feature of malignant tumours. Serine is an important non-essential amino acid, which is a main resource of one-carbon units in tumours. Cancer cells proliferate more than normal cells and require more serine for proliferation. The cancer-related genes that are involved in serine metabolism also show changes corresponding to metabolic alterations. Here, we reviewed the serine-associated one-carbon metabolism and its potential as a target for anti-tumour therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huihua Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhou X, Tian C, Cao Y, Zhao M, Wang K. The role of serine metabolism in lung cancer: From oncogenesis to tumor treatment. Front Genet 2023; 13:1084609. [PMID: 36699468 PMCID: PMC9868472 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1084609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is an important hallmark of malignant tumors. Serine is a non-essential amino acid involved in cell proliferation. Serine metabolism, especially the de novo serine synthesis pathway, forms a metabolic network with glycolysis, folate cycle, and one-carbon metabolism, which is essential for rapidly proliferating cells. Owing to the rapid development in metabolomics, abnormal serine metabolism may serve as a biomarker for the early diagnosis and pathological typing of tumors. Targeting serine metabolism also plays an essential role in precision and personalized cancer therapy. This article is a systematic review of de novo serine biosynthesis and the link between serine and folate metabolism in tumorigenesis, particularly in lung cancer. In addition, we discuss the potential of serine metabolism to improve tumor treatment.
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miRNA-195-5p/PSAT1 feedback loop in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:39-47. [PMID: 36371491 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), play a vital role in human cancer. Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) is a serine biosynthesis-related member of the aminotransferase family and is closely associated with worse prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). OBJECTIVE The present study elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying PSAT1 regulation by miRNAs in TNBC. METHODS After collecting breast cancer and para-cancerous tissues, expression and functional testing of microRNA-195-5p (miR-195-5p) and PSAT1 were implemented both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Abnormally low miR-195-5p expression was confirmed in TNBC tissues and cells. The specific targeting effect of miR-195-5p on PSAT1 was screened. Our observations revealed that biological tumor behavior was inhibited after miR-195-5p upregulation and this inhibition could be reversed by PSAT1 overexpression both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Our study revealed the regulatory axis of miR-195-5p/PSAT1 in TNBC, suggesting a promising targeted therapy for clinical application.
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Van de Gucht M, Dufait I, Kerkhove L, Corbet C, de Mey S, Jiang H, Law KL, Gevaert T, Feron O, De Ridder M. Inhibition of Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase Radiosensitizes Human Colorectal Cancer Cells under Hypoxic Conditions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205060. [PMID: 36291844 PMCID: PMC9599856 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide. Treatment options for these patients consist of surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However, a subset of tumors will not respond to therapy or acquire resistance during the course of the treatment, leading to patient relapse. The interplay between reprogramming cancer metabolism and radiotherapy has become an appealing strategy to improve a patient’s outcome. Due to the overexpression of certain enzymes in a variety of cancer types, including colorectal cancer, the serine synthesis pathway has recently become an attractive metabolic target. We demonstrated that by inhibiting the first enzyme of this pathway, namely phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), tumor cells that are deprived of oxygen (as is generally the case in solid tumors) respond better to radiation, leading to increased tumor cell killing in an experimental model of human colorectal cancer. Abstract Augmented de novo serine synthesis activity is increasingly apparent in distinct types of cancers and has mainly sparked interest by investigation of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). Overexpression of PHGDH has been associated with higher tumor grade, shorter relapse time and decreased overall survival. It is well known that therapeutic outcomes in cancer patients can be improved by reprogramming metabolic pathways in combination with standard treatment options, for example, radiotherapy. In this study, possible metabolic changes related to radioresponse were explored upon PHGDH inhibition. Additionally, we evaluated whether PHGDH inhibition could improve radioresponse in human colorectal cancer cell lines in both aerobic and radiobiological relevant hypoxic conditions. Dysregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and dysfunction in mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption rate were indicative of potential radiomodulatory effects. We demonstrated that PHGDH inhibition radiosensitized hypoxic human colorectal cancer cells while leaving intrinsic radiosensitivity unaffected. In a xenograft model, the first hints of additive effects between PHGDH inhibition and radiotherapy were demonstrated. In conclusion, this study is the first to show that modulation of de novo serine biosynthesis enhances radioresponse in hypoxic colorectal cancer cells, mainly mediated by increased levels of intracellular ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Van de Gucht
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lisa Kerkhove
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cyril Corbet
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven de Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ka Lun Law
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Gevaert
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-4776144
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Feng M, Cui H, Tu W, Li L, Gao Y, Chen L, Li D, Chen X, Xu F, Zhou C, Cao Y. An integrated pan-cancer analysis of PSAT1: A potential biomarker for survival and immunotherapy. Front Genet 2022; 13:975381. [PMID: 36105075 PMCID: PMC9465327 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.975381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) may be an oncogene that plays an important role in various cancer types. However, there are still many gaps in the expression of PSAT1 gene and its biological impact in different types of tumors. Here, we performed an integrated pan-cancer analysis to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of PSAT1 in cancers. We found that most human tumors express higher levels of PSAT1 than normal tissues, and that higher PSAT1 expression is associated with worse prognosis in Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), Pan-kidney cohort (KIPAN) and breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), etc. In BRCA cases, the prognosis of patients with altered PSAT1 was worse than that of patients without alteration. In addition, PSAT1 hypermethylation is associated with T cell dysfunction and shortened survival time in BRCA. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis showed that PSAT1 can be enriched into the classic signaling pathways of cancer such as mTORC1 signaling, MYC targets and JAK STAT3. Further analysis demonstrated that PSAT1 was enriched in immune related signaling pathways in LUAD and BRCA. The results of immunoassay showed that PSAT1 was associated with immune cell infiltration in multiple cancer species. Furthermore, expression of PSAT1 was correlated with both tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in BRCA. Additionally, a remarkable correlation was found between PSAT1 expression and TMB in LUAD, and the expression of PSAT1 was negatively correlated with the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) value, suggesting a good effect of immunotherapy. Together, these data suggest that PSAT1 expression is associated with the clinical prognosis, DNA methylation, gene mutations, and immune cell infiltration, contributing to clarify the role of PSAT1 in tumorigenesis from a variety of perspectives. What’s more, PSAT1 may be a new biomarker for survival and predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy for LUAD and BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangdong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Deheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengfeng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Fengfeng Xu, ; Changshuai Zhou, ; Yiqun Cao,
| | - Changshuai Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Fengfeng Xu, ; Changshuai Zhou, ; Yiqun Cao,
| | - Yiqun Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Fengfeng Xu, ; Changshuai Zhou, ; Yiqun Cao,
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Chen H, He Y, Pan T, Zeng R, Li Y, Chen S, Li Y, Xiao L, Zhou H. Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature: A New Method for Personalized Risk Assessment in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:609-619. [PMID: 34079336 PMCID: PMC8165657 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s309846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a genetically heterogeneous disease, which makes prognostic prediction challenging. The rapid development of research on ferroptosis provides the possibility of its use in prognosis in cancer patients. The aim of the current investigation was to perform a systematic study of ferroptosis and DLBCL prognosis to identify prognostic biomarkers in DLBCL. Materials and Methods A total of 884 DLBCL patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were included in this study and were divided into a training set and a validation set. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to investigate relationships between gene expression and prognostic values. Ferroptosis-related genes associated with overall survival in the training set were then extracted, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model was used to establish an eight-gene signature, comprising ZEB1, PSAT1, NGB, NFE2L2, LAMP2, HIF1A, FH, and CXCL2. Results The signature exhibited significant independent prognostic value in both the training set and the validation set. It also exhibited strong prognostic value in subgroup analysis. A nomogram integrating the eight-gene signature and components of the International Prognostic Index facilitated reliable prognostic prediction. Conclusion A novel and reliable ferroptosis-related gene signature that can effectively classify DLBCL patients into high-risk and low-risk groups in terms of survival rate was developed. It could be used for prognostic prediction in DLBCL patients. Targeting ferroptosis may be a therapeutic alternative in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Department of Lymphoma & Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizi He
- Department of Lymphoma & Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Pan
- Department of Lymphoma & Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruolan Zeng
- Department of Lymphoma & Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of Lymphoma & Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Lymphoma & Hematology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Tang X, Luo L, Li Y, Wu H, Hu Q, Yue H, He X, Zou J, Min S. Therapeutic potential of targeting HSPA5 through dual regulation of two candidate prognostic biomarkers ANXA1 and PSAT1 in osteosarcoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1212-1235. [PMID: 33291071 PMCID: PMC7835002 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor that mostly affects young people's health. The prognosis of patients with unresectable or recurrent osteosarcoma still remains dismal. Based on gene integration analysis from GEO and TARGET databases by R language, the differentially expressed genes of osteosarcoma patients were identified. Biological molecular function analysis indicated that these genes were importantly enriched in the process of cell adhesion molecule binding. Gene significance highly-related to clinical traits of osteosarcoma was found by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to find prognostic markers in LASSO Cox regression model. Two candidate biomarkers, ANXA1 and PSAT1, for the prognosis of osteosarcoma were detected separately on the basis of WGCNA and LASSO model. Of note, their expression profiles were interrelated with an important therapeutic target HSPA5. In vitro pharmaceutical experiments were performed to explore the biological role and prognostic benefit of candidates. Suppression of HSPA5 effectively upregulated ANXA1 and inhibited PSAT1, resulting in osteosarcoma cell proliferation arrest and apoptosis. These findings suggest that HSPA5 serves as a core molecule for osteosarcoma therapy due to its bidirectional regulation of candidate prognostic biomarkers ANXA1 and PSAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopaedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lingli Luo
- Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yukun Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Department of Pathology, People’s Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Haiyan Yue
- Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang 422000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Juan Zou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shaoxiong Min
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopaedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
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Jia Q, Yan S, Huang J, Xu S. Restored microRNA-133a-3p or Depleted PSAT1 Restrains Endothelial Cell Damage-Induced Intracranial Aneurysm Via Suppressing the GSK3β/β-Catenin Pathway. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:177. [PMID: 32902711 PMCID: PMC7479668 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is unclear about the functional role of microRNA-133a-3p (miR-133a-3p) in intracranial aneurysm (IA). Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the regulatory role of miR-133a-3p on the regulation of vascular endothelial injury-induced IA through phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway. Normal intracranial arteriole tissues and IA tissues were gathered from patients with brain trauma and IA. The expression of miR-133a-3p, PSAT1, GSK3β, and β-catenin in tissues was determined by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The endothelial cells (ECs) of the human IA were cultured and treated with miR-133a-3p mimic and si-PSAT1 to determine their functions in endothelial cell migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. The expression of miR-133a-3p, PSAT1, GSK3β, β-catenin, Ki-67, CyclinD1, Bax, and Bcl-2 in ECs were tested by RT-qPCR or western blot analysis. Moreover, IA rat model was established to detect the pathological changes and the expression of miR-133a-3p, PSAT1, GSK3β, β-catenin, VEGF, and MMP-9 in IA tissues in vivo. Expression of miR-133a-3p was related to the number and size of IA. MiR-133a-3p expression was deceased and the PSAT1, GSK3β, and β-catenin expression was raised in IA. Restored miR-133a-3p and depleted PSAT1 alleviated the pathological change; reduced PSAT1, GSK3β, and β-catenin expression in IA; suppressed apoptosis and advanced proliferation and migration of IA ECs, as well as reduced VEGF and MMP-9 expression in IA tissues in vivo. Our study suggests that overexpression of miR-133a-3p or downregulation of PSAT1 restrains endothelial cell damage and advances endothelial cell proliferation via inhibiting the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway in IA. MiR-133a-3p might be a potential candidate marker and therapeutic target for IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Yan
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, 20 North Street, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Shixin Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An shan xin Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300000, Tianjin, China.
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Zhang Y, Li J, Dong X, Meng D, Zhi X, Yuan L, Yao L. PSAT1 Regulated Oxidation-Reduction Balance Affects the Growth and Prognosis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5443-5453. [PMID: 32606761 PMCID: PMC7295540 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A growing number of studies have found that the serine-glycine biosynthesis pathway is highly activated for biosynthesis in cancer progression and metastasis. Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) catalyzes the second step of the serine-glycine biosynthesis pathway; the effects and mechanism of PSAT1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. Materials and Methods The expression of PSAT1 in clinical EOC samples and normal ovarian tissues was conducted by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. Survival analysis of PSAT1 in ovarian cancer was performed by using the public database. Following the downregulation of PSAT1, the cell growth, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle in ovarian cancer cells were respectively examined by the soft agar colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis. Then the glutathione (GSH) levels, the GSH/GSSG ratio, the NADPH/NADP ratio, and the cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were tested to analyze the oxidation-reduction balance in PSAT1-depleted ovarian cancer cells. Results PSAT1 is markedly over-expressed in clinical EOC samples (n = 90) compared to that in normal ovarian tissues (n = 10), and the expression of PSAT1 is correlated with histological subtype, FIGO stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and the presence of ascites. Public database analysis shows that higher PSAT1 indicates poor survival in EOC patients. Downregulation of PSAT1 in EOC cells inhibits growth, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro. EOC cells with high PSAT1 levels have increased a higher GSH (reduced glutathione)/GSSG (oxidized glutathione) ratio and lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. The cancer-killing effects of PSAT1 knockdown are reversed by exogenous glutathione. PSAT1 participates in cancer growth by regulating oxidation-reduction balance. Conclusion Therefore, these results highlight the potential of PSAT1 inhibitors or metabolic substrate deprivation as therapeutic strategies for treating patients with EOC, especially those with advanced stages of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Zhi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangqing Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Serine Biosynthesis Pathway Supports MYC-miR-494-EZH2 Feed-Forward Circuit Necessary to Maintain Metabolic and Epigenetic Reprogramming of Burkitt Lymphoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030580. [PMID: 32138178 PMCID: PMC7139810 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a rapidly growing tumor, characterized by high anabolic requirements. The MYC oncogene plays a central role in the pathogenesis of this malignancy, controlling genes involved in apoptosis, proliferation, and cellular metabolism. Serine biosynthesis pathway (SBP) couples glycolysis to folate and methionine cycles, supporting biosynthesis of certain amino acids, nucleotides, glutathione, and a methyl group donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). We report that BLs overexpress SBP enzymes, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) and phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1). Both genes are controlled by the MYC-dependent ATF4 transcription factor. Genetic ablation of PHGDH/PSAT1 or chemical PHGDH inhibition with NCT-503 decreased BL cell lines proliferation and clonogenicity. NCT-503 reduced glutathione level, increased reactive oxygen species abundance, and induced apoptosis. Consistent with the role of SAM as a methyl donor, NCT-503 decreased DNA and histone methylation, and led to the re-expression of ID4, KLF4, CDKN2B and TXNIP tumor suppressors. High H3K27me3 level is known to repress the MYC negative regulator miR-494. NCT-503 decreased H3K27me3 abundance, increased the miR-494 level, and reduced the expression of MYC and MYC-dependent histone methyltransferase, EZH2. Surprisingly, chemical/genetic disruption of SBP did not delay BL and breast cancer xenografts growth, suggesting the existence of mechanisms compensating the PHGDH/PSAT1 absence in vivo.
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Anzmann AF, Pinto S, Busa V, Carlson J, McRitchie S, Sumner S, Pandey A, Vernon HJ. Multi-omics studies in cellular models of methylmalonic acidemia and propionic acidemia reveal dysregulation of serine metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165538. [PMID: 31449969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) and propionic acidemia (PA) are related disorders of mitochondrial propionate metabolism, caused by defects in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) and propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), respectively. These biochemical defects lead to a complex cascade of downstream metabolic abnormalities, and identification of these abnormal pathways has important implications for understanding disease pathophysiology. Using a multi-omics approach in cellular models of MMA and PA, we identified serine and thiol metabolism as important areas of metabolic dysregulation. METHODS We performed global proteomic analysis of fibroblasts and untargeted metabolomics analysis of plasma from individuals with MMA to identify novel pathways of dysfunction. We probed these novel pathways in CRISPR-edited, MUT and PCCA null HEK293 cell lines via targeted metabolomics, gene expression analysis, and flux metabolomics tracing utilization of 13C-glucose. RESULTS Proteomic analysis of fibroblasts identified upregulation of multiple proteins involved in serine synthesis and thiol metabolism including: phosphoserine amino transferase (PSAT1), cystathionine beta synthase (CBS), and mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST). Metabolomics analysis of plasma revealed significantly increased levels of cystathionine and glutathione, central metabolites in thiol metabolism. CRISPR-edited MUT and PCCA HEK293 cells recapitulate primary defects of MMA and PA and have upregulation of transcripts associated with serine and thiol metabolism including PSAT1. 13C-glucose flux metabolomics in MUT and PCCA null HEK293 cells identified increases in serine de novo biosynthesis, serine transport, and abnormal downstream TCA cycle utilization. CONCLUSION We identified abnormal serine metabolism as a novel area of cellular dysfunction in MMA and PA, thus introducing a potential new target for therapeutic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Franca Anzmann
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Sneha Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengalaru, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Veronica Busa
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - James Carlson
- LECO Corporation, St. Joseph, MI, United States of America; RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Susan McRitchie
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Nutrition Research Institute, Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Susan Sumner
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Nutrition Research Institute, Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Hilary J Vernon
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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Alsereihi R, Schulten HJ, Bakhashab S, Saini K, Al-Hejin AM, Hussein D. Leveraging the Role of the Metastatic Associated Protein Anterior Gradient Homologue 2 in Unfolded Protein Degradation: A Novel Therapeutic Biomarker for Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070890. [PMID: 31247903 PMCID: PMC6678570 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers can help in tracking disease progress, predict patients’ survival, and considerably affect the drive for successful clinical management. The present review aims to determine how the metastatic-linked protein anterior gradient homologue 2 (AGR2) operates to affect cancer progression, and to identify associated potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers, particularly in central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Studies that show a high expression level of AGR2, and associate the protein expression with the resilience to chemotherapeutic treatments or with poor cancer survival, are reported. The primary protein structures of the seven variants of AGR2, including their functional domains, are summarized. Based on experiments in various biological models, this review shows an orchestra of multiple molecules that regulate AGR2 expression, including a feedback loop with p53. The AGR2-associated molecular functions and pathways including genomic integrity, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, adhesion, migration, stemness, and inflammation, are detailed. In addition, the mechanisms that can enable the rampant oncogenic effects of AGR2 are clarified. The different strategies used to therapeutically target AGR2-positive cancer cells are evaluated in light of the current evidence. Moreover, novel associated pathways and clinically relevant deregulated genes in AGR2 high CNS tumors are identified using a meta-analysis approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Alsereihi
- Neurooncology Translational Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hans-Juergen Schulten
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sherin Bakhashab
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80218, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kulvinder Saini
- School of Biotechnology, Eternal University, Baru Sahib-173101, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Ahmed M Al-Hejin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Microbiology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Deema Hussein
- Neurooncology Translational Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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