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Stavilă C, Minuti AE, Herea DD, Lăbuşcă L, Gherca D, Lupu N, Chiriac H. Synergistic Effect of Chemotherapy and Magnetomechanical Actuation of Fe-Cr-Nb-B Magnetic Particles on Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:30518-30533. [PMID: 39035922 PMCID: PMC11256100 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The present study is aimed at developing an innovative method for efficient cancer cell destruction by exploiting the magnetomechanical actuation (MMA) of Fe-Cr-Nb-B magnetic particles (MPs), which are loaded with clinically approved chemotherapeutic drugs. To achieve this objective, Fe68.2Cr11.5Nb0.3B20 magnetic nanoparticles were produced by mechanically grinding amorphous ribbon precursors with the same composition. These nanoparticles display high anisotropy, a parallelepipedic shape with an amorphous structure, and a ferromagnetic behavior. MPs were loaded with the antitumoral drugs mitoxantrone (MTX) or doxorubicin (DOX). In our study, we used adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human osteosarcoma cells to test drug-loaded MPs for their biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and cellular internalization. Further tests involved exposing cells to magnetomechanical actuation and simultaneous MPs-targeted chemotherapy followed by cell viability/death assays, such as MTT and LDH, and live/dead cell staining. Results demonstrate that cancer cell death was induced by the synergistic action of chemotherapeutic drugs and magnetomechanical actuation. The nanoparticle vehicles helped overcome drug resistance, decreasing the high dose of drugs used in conventional therapies as well as the time intervals needed for MMA to affect cancer cell viability. The proposed approach highlights the possibility of using a new, targeted, and effective cancer treatment with very few side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Stavilă
- National
Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
- Faculty
of Physics, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Anca Emanuela Minuti
- National
Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
| | - Dumitru Daniel Herea
- National
Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
| | - Luminiţa Lăbuşcă
- National
Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
| | - Daniel Gherca
- National
Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Lupu
- National
Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
| | - Horia Chiriac
- National
Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi 700050, Romania
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Si Z, Shen Z, Luan F, Yan J. PINK1 regulates apoptosis of osteosarcoma as the target gene of cisplatin. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:132. [PMID: 36823640 PMCID: PMC9948348 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03615-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a common primary bone malignancy prevalent among adolescents and young adults. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) regulates Parkinson's disease, but its role in cancers is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to analyze the mechanism by which PINK1 affects osteosarcoma using bioinformatics and cell experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The gene expression profiles were downloaded from the TARGET database. Several online databases were used to analyze the expression and protein‒protein interaction networks. CCK-8 cell viability assays and cisplatin treatment were used to assess cell activity with or without cisplatin treatment. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescence staining was used to calculate the percentage of apoptotic cells. RESULTS Through bioinformatics analysis, we found that high expression of PINK1 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma, and PINK1 inhibited apoptosis and promoted proliferation pathways. Next, we found that both PINK1 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues. Additionally, we found that PTEN was reduced, while FOXO3a was markedly increased in osteosarcoma, suggesting that FOXO3a and not PTEN induced the overexpression of PINK1. CCK-8 and clonogenic assays showed that the knockdown of PINK1 decreased the growth of U2OS osteosarcoma cells. Ki67 immunofluorescence staining revealed that reduced cell proliferation in U2OS cells resulted in the depletion of PINK1. In addition, our AO/EB staining results indicated that the knockdown of PINK1 resulted in an increase in apoptotic cells and increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, our experiments revealed that cisplatin promotes OS cell apoptosis by downregulating PINK1. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings demonstrate that PINK1 is crucially involved in osteosarcoma and suggests that it can promote the apoptosis of OS cells as the downstream target gene of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Si
- grid.412596.d0000 0004 1797 9737Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong Shen
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Orthopedic Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Feiyu Luan
- grid.412596.d0000 0004 1797 9737Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Qi S, Xu L, Han Y, Chen H, Cheng A. miR-29a-3p mitigates the development of osteosarcoma through modulating IGF1 mediated PI3k/Akt/FOXO3 pathway by activating autophagy. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1980-1995. [PMID: 35575588 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2078614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), occurring in mesenchymal tissues and with a high degree of malignancy, is most common in children and adolescents. At present, we intend to figure out the expression and functions of miR-29a-3p in OS development. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was adopted to monitor the expression of miR-29a-3p and IGF1 in OS tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Then, the 3- (4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay, colony formation experiment, western blot and Transwell assay were conducted to validate OS cell proliferation, colony formation ability, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Next, the association between miR-29a-3p and IGF1 was corroborated by the dual-luciferase reporter assay and the Pearson correlation analysis. Finally, WB was implemented to test the levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3-I/LC3-II, Beclin-1, p62, and the IGF-1R/PI3k/Akt/FOXO3 axis in OS cells. As a result, miR-29a-3p was down-regulated in OS tissues (versus adjacent non-tumor tissues) and OS cell lines. Overexpressing miR-29a-3p aggravated apoptosis, dampened cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, and promoted autophagy of OS cells. IGF1 was identified as a target of miR-29a-3p. IGF1 induced oncogenic effects in OS by activating IGF-1R/ PI3k/Akt pathway, and it dampened the tumor-suppressive effect of miR-29a-3p on OS. Taken together, miR-29a-3p repressed the OS evolvement through inducing autophagy and inhibiting IGF1 mediated PI3k/Akt/FOXO3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Qi
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yongyuan Han
- Orthopedics Department I, Zaozhuang Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zaozhuang 277000, Shandong, China
| | - Hongkun Chen
- Pediatric Surgery, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang 277102, Shandong, China
| | - Anyuan Cheng
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
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Broussochalcone A Induces Apoptosis in Human Renal Cancer Cells via ROS Level Elevation and Activation of FOXO3 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2800706. [PMID: 34745413 PMCID: PMC8566040 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2800706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Broussochalcone A (BCA) is a chalcone compound extracted from the cortex of Broussonetiapapyrifera (L.) Ventenat that exerts various effects, such as potent antioxidant, antiplatelet, and anticancer effects. However, the effects of BCA against cancers have been seldom studied. This study is aimed at demonstrating the apoptotic mechanisms of BCA in A498 and ACHN cells, which are two types of human renal cancer cell lines. MTT, cell counting, and colony formation assays indicated that BCA treatment inhibited cell viability and cell growth. Further, cell cycle analysis revealed that BCA induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Annexin V/PI staining and TUNEL assays were performed to determine the apoptotic effects and DNA fragmentation after treatment with BCA. Based on western blot analysis, BCA induced the upregulation of cleaved PARP, FOXO3, Bax, p21, p27, p53, phosphorylated p53 (ser15, ser20, and ser46), and active forms of caspase-3, caspase-7, and caspase-9 proteins, but downregulated the proforms of the proteins. The expression levels of pAkt, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL were also found to be downregulated. Western blot analysis of nuclear fractionation results revealed that BCA induced the nuclear translocation of FOXO3, which might be induced by DNA damage owing to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Elevated intracellular ROS levels were also found following BCA treatment. Furthermore, DNA damage was detected after BCA treatment using a comet assay. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the apoptotic effects of BCA against renal cancer A498 and ACHN cells. Collectively, our study findings revealed that the apoptotic effects of BCA against human renal cancer cells occur via the elevation of ROS level and activation of the FOXO3 signaling pathway.
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Acetylshikonin Induces Apoptosis in Human Colorectal Cancer HCT-15 and LoVo Cells via Nuclear Translocation of FOXO3 and ROS Level Elevation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6647107. [PMID: 33953834 PMCID: PMC8057882 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6647107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acetylshikonin, a naphthoquinone, is a pigment compound derived from Arnebia sp., which is known for its anti-inflammatory potential. However, its anticarcinogenic effect has not been well investigated. Thus, in this study, we focused on investigating its apoptotic effects against HCT-15 and LoVo cells, which are human colorectal cancer cells. MTT assay, cell counting assay, and colony formation assay have shown acetylshikonin treatment induced cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against colorectal cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. DNA fragmentation was observed via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Also, the increase of subG1 phase in cell cycle arrest assay and early/late apoptotic rates in annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining assay was observed, which indicates an apoptotic potential of acetylshikonin against colorectal cancer cells. 2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) staining was used to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in acetylshikonin-treated colorectal cancer cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis showed that acetylshikonin induced an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and apoptotic rate in a dose- and time-dependent manner in HCT-15 and LoVo cells. In contrast, cotreatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) has reduced ROS generation and antiproliferative effects in colorectal cancer cells. Western blotting analysis showed that acetylshikonin treatment induced increase of cleaved PARP, γH2AX, FOXO3, Bax, Bim, Bad, p21, p27, and active forms of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, caspase-6, and caspase-8 protein levels, while those of inactive forms were decreased. Also, the expressions of pAkt, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, peroxiredoxin, and thioredoxin 1 were decreased. Furthermore, western blotting analysis of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractionated proteins showed that acetylshikonin treatment induced the nuclear translocation of FOXO3, which might result from DNA damage by the increased intracellular ROS level. This study represents apoptotic potential of acetylshikonin against colorectal cancer cells via translocation of FOXO3 to the nucleus and upregulation of ROS generation.
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Al-Mugotir M, Lovelace JJ, George J, Bessho M, Pal D, Struble L, Kolar C, Rana S, Natarajan A, Bessho T, Borgstahl GEO. Selective killing of homologous recombination-deficient cancer cell lines by inhibitors of the RPA:RAD52 protein-protein interaction. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248941. [PMID: 33784323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethality is a successful strategy employed to develop selective chemotherapeutics against cancer cells. Inactivation of RAD52 is synthetically lethal to homologous recombination (HR) deficient cancer cell lines. Replication protein A (RPA) recruits RAD52 to repair sites, and the formation of this protein-protein complex is critical for RAD52 activity. To discover small molecules that inhibit the RPA:RAD52 protein-protein interaction (PPI), we screened chemical libraries with our newly developed Fluorescence-based protein-protein Interaction Assay (FluorIA). Eleven compounds were identified, including FDA-approved drugs (quinacrine, mitoxantrone, and doxorubicin). The FluorIA was used to rank the compounds by their ability to inhibit the RPA:RAD52 PPI and showed mitoxantrone and doxorubicin to be the most effective. Initial studies using the three FDA-approved drugs showed selective killing of BRCA1-mutated breast cancer cells (HCC1937), BRCA2-mutated ovarian cancer cells (PE01), and BRCA1-mutated ovarian cancer cells (UWB1.289). It was noteworthy that selective killing was seen in cells known to be resistant to PARP inhibitors (HCC1937 and UWB1 SYr13). A cell-based double-strand break (DSB) repair assay indicated that mitoxantrone significantly suppressed RAD52-dependent single-strand annealing (SSA) and mitoxantrone treatment disrupted the RPA:RAD52 PPI in cells. Furthermore, mitoxantrone reduced radiation-induced foci-formation of RAD52 with no significant activity against RAD51 foci formation. The results indicate that the RPA:RAD52 PPI could be a therapeutic target for HR-deficient cancers. These data also suggest that RAD52 is one of the targets of mitoxantrone and related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Al-Mugotir
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J Lovelace
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Joseph George
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Mika Bessho
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Dhananjaya Pal
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Lucas Struble
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Carol Kolar
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Sandeep Rana
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Tadayoshi Bessho
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Gloria E O Borgstahl
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
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IL-17 Affects the Progression, Metastasis, and Recurrence of Laryngeal Cancer via the Inhibition of Apoptosis through Activation of the PI3K/AKT/FAS/FASL Pathways. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:2953191. [PMID: 33415169 PMCID: PMC7769679 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2953191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cytokines play important roles in the development and prognosis of laryngeal cancer (LC). Interleukin-17 (IL-17) from a distinct subset of CD4+ T cells may significantly induce cancer-elicited inflammation to prevent tumor immune surveillance. Methods The expression levels of IL-17 were examined among 60 patients with LC. Immunofluorescence colocalization experiments were performed to verify the localization of IL-17 and FAS/FASL in Hep-2 and Tu212 cells. The role of IL-17 was determined using siRNA techniques in the LC cell line. Results In the LC patients, cytokines were dysregulated in LC tissues compared with normal tissues. It was found that IL-17 was overexpressed in a cohort of 60 LC tumors paired with nontumor tissues. Moreover, high IL-17 expression was significantly associated with the advanced T category, the late clinical stage, differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence. In addition, the time course expression of FAS and FASL was observed after stimulation and treatment with the IL-17 stimulator. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that IL-17 functioned as an oncogene by inhibiting the apoptosis of LC cells via the PI3K/AKT/FAS/FASL pathways. Conclusions In summary, these findings demonstrated for the first time the role of IL-17 as a tumor promoter and a prometastatic factor in LC and indicated that IL-17 may have an oncogenic role and serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in LC.
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