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Clinical Studies on Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells: Lessons from Lymphoma Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236007. [PMID: 34885117 PMCID: PMC8656601 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms including over 70 different subtypes. Its biological characteristic of deriving from lymphoid tissues makes it ideal for immunotherapy. In this paper, we provide insights into lymphoma-specific clinical trials based on cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy. We also reviewed pre-clinical lymphoma models where CIK cells have been used along with other synergetic tumor-targeting immune modules to improve their therapeutic potential. From a broader perspective, we will highlight that CIK cell therapy has potential, and in this rapidly evolving landscape of cancer therapies its optimization (as a personalized therapeutic approach) will be beneficial in lymphomas. Abstract Cancer is a complex disease where resistance to therapies and relapses often pose a serious clinical challenge. The scenario is even more complicated when the cancer type itself is heterogeneous in nature, e.g., lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphocytes which constitutes more than 70 different subtypes. Indeed, the treatment options continue to expand in lymphomas. Herein, we provide insights into lymphoma-specific clinical trials based on cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy and other pre-clinical lymphoma models where CIK cells have been used along with other synergetic tumor-targeting immune modules to improve their therapeutic potential. From a broader perspective, we will highlight that CIK cell therapy has potential, and in this rapidly evolving landscape of cancer therapies its optimization (as a personalized therapeutic approach) will be beneficial in lymphomas.
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Zhang C, Xiong X, Li Y, Huang K, Liu L, Peng X, Weng W. Cytokine-induced killer cells/natural killer cells combined with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody increase cell death rate in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6525-6535. [PMID: 31807172 PMCID: PMC6876305 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial, solid, pediatric malignancies. Despite improvements in conventional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, the prognosis of stage IV NB remains poor, indicating that novel treatment strategies are required. Immunotherapies, such as anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies, used alone or in combination with cytokines, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells or cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs), have been indicated to cause NB cell death and to prolong patient survival in high-risk NB; however, they remain limited by severe cytotoxicity and side effects. In the present study, it was determined that anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody alone or CBMNC-isolated cytokine-induced killer (CIK)/natural killer (NK) cells alone significantly induced cell death of NB SK-N-SH cells, and the combination of anti-GD2 antibody and CIK/NK cells could significantly increase the cell death rate compared with either treatment alone. In addition, based on a method referred to our previous study, it was identified that a two-cytokine culture system, using interleukin IL-2 and IL-7, effectively stimulated the proliferation of CIK/NK cells. These results serve to suggest a novel treatment strategy for relapsed/refractory NB with high efficiency and few side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xilin Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Ke Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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