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Zha Z, Li D, Zhang P, Wang P, Fang X, Liu X, Weng C, Li B, Wu Y, Mao H, Wang L, Xu L, Dong J, Guan M, Lu L, Liu G. Neuron specific enolase promotes tumor metastasis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in small cell lung cancer. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101039. [PMID: 33618068 PMCID: PMC7905480 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has been used as a specific biomarker for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Nevertheless, the biological function and mechanism of NSE in SCLC are still unclear. In this study, we clarified the role of NSE in the progression of SCLC and found that NSE expression was positively correlated with distant metastasis. Functional analysis showed that overexpression of NSE promoted migration and invasion of SCLC cells. Mechanism analysis showed that NSE overexpression induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of SCLC cells. Moreover, overexpression of NSE increased the protein expression of β-catenin and its downstream target genes, and silencing β-catenin eliminated NSE-mediated cell migration, invasion and EMT process. Furthermore, NSE interacted with β-catenin and inhibited the degradation of β-catenin. Besides, the animal experiments also indicated that NSE could promote the EMT process and distant metastasis of SCLC cells in vivo. In summary, our results revealed that NSE could promote the EMT process of SCLC cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby promoting cell migration, invasion and distant metastasis, which might serve as a potential target for the therapy of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Dailing Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiling Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Xisheng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengyin Weng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoxiu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibo Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingmei Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guolong Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China.
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Tian Z, Liang C, Zhang Z, Wen H, Feng H, Ma Q, Liu D, Qiang G. Prognostic value of neuron-specific enolase for small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:116. [PMID: 32473655 PMCID: PMC7261386 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-01894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has become a widely used and easily attainable laboratory assay of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, the prognostic value of NSE for SCLC patients remains controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between elevated serum NSE before therapy and survival of SCLC patients. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register from the inception dates to December 2019. Eligible articles were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria; then, data extraction and quality assessment were performed. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS We identified 18 studies comprising 2981 patients. Pooled results revealed that elevated NSE was associated with worse OS (HR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.55-2.06, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.16-1.93, p = 0.002). In subgroup analysis, elevated NSE did not predict worse OS in patients who received only chemotherapy (HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.96-1.55, p = 0.10) or part of whom received surgical resection before chemotherapy and radiotherapy (HR = 2.16, 95% CI 0.82-5.69, p = 0.12). CONCLUSION Elevated serum NSE before any therapy of SCLC patients may be a negative prognostic factor for OS and PFS. The prognostic value of NSE for OS was particularly observed in patients treated by standard management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoujunyi Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chaoyang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huanshun Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongxiang Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Deruo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guangliang Qiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, #2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Ramirez-Celis A, Edmiston E, Schauer J, Vu T, Van de Water J. Peptides of neuron specific enolase as potential ASD biomarkers: From discovery to epitope mapping. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 84:200-208. [PMID: 31812776 PMCID: PMC7010557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an important health issue and affects 1 in 59 children in the US. Prior studies determined that maternal autoantibody related (MAR) autism is thought to be associated with ~23% of ASD cases. We previously identified seven MAR-specific autoantigens including CRMP1, CRMP2, GDA, LDHA, LDHB, STIP1, and YBX1. We subsequently described the epitope peptide sequences recognized by maternal autoantibodies for each of the seven ASD-specific autoantigens. The aim of the current study was to expand upon our previous work and identify additional antigens recognized by the ASD-specific maternal autoantibodies, as well as to map the unique ASD-specific epitopes using microarray technology. Fetal Rhesus macaque brain tissues were separated by molecular weight and a fraction containing bands between 37 and 45 kDa was analyzed using 2-D gel electrophoresis, followed by peptide mass mapping using MALDI-TOF MS and TOF/TOF tandem MS/MS. Using this methodology, Neuron specific enolase (NSE) was identified as a target autoantigen and selected for epitope mapping. The full NSE sequence was translated into 15-mer peptides with an overlap of 14 amino acids onto microarray slides and probed with maternal plasma from mothers with an ASD child and from mothers with a Typically Developing child (TD) (ASD = 27 and TD = 21). The resulting data were analyzed by T-test. We found 16 ASD-specific NSE-peptide sequences for which four sequences were statistically significant (p < 0.05) using both the t-test and SAM t-test: DVAASEFYRDGKYDL (p = 0.047; SAM score 1.49), IEDPFDQDDWAAWSK (p = 0.049; SAM score 1.49), ERLAKYNQLMRIEEE (p = 0.045; SAM score 1.57), and RLAKYNQLMRIEEEL (p = 0.017; SAM score 1.82). We further identified 5 sequences that were recognized by both ASD and TD antibodies suggesting a large immunodominant epitope (DYPVVSIEDPFDQDDWAAW). While maternal autoantibodies against the NSE protein are present both in mothers with ASD and mothers of TD children, there are several ASD-specific epitopes that can potentially be used as MAR ASD biomarkers. Further, studies including analysis of NSE as a target protein in combination with the previously identified MAR ASD autoantigens are currently underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ramirez-Celis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Edmiston
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Joseph Schauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Tam Vu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Judy Van de Water
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; UC Davis MIND Institute, 2825 50th St, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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