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Liu Y, Jin T, Chen R, Miao R, Zhou Y, Shao S. High expression of ABL2 promotes gastric cancer cells migration, invasion and proliferation via the TGF-β and YAP signaling pathways. J Cancer 2024; 15:5719-5728. [PMID: 39308677 PMCID: PMC11414612 DOI: 10.7150/jca.99307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The Abelson-Related Gene (ABL2) is expressed in various malignancies. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) regarding tumor proliferation, metastasis, and invasion remains unclear. Methods: ABL2 expression in clinical specimens was assessed using quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT-PCR). Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay determined protein levels. Additionally, Transwell migration and invasion, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony-formation assays analyzed the effect of ABL2 on GC cells. Protein levels related to GC cells were assessed through Western blotting. The effects of si-ABL2 combined with GA-017 that activated YAP on cell migration, invasion and proliferation were investigated. Results: ABL2 expression was upregulated in human GC tissues compared to paracancer tissues, and it was positively related to tumor node metastasis classification (TNM) stage. Furthermore, high ABL2 levels promoted the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion capacity in GC cells. Elevated ABL2 expression enhanced the expression of MMP2, MMP9, and PCNA while decreasing TIMP1 and TIMP2 expression. It also increased the p-SMAD2/3 expression and YAP expression, decreased the expression of p-YAP in GC cells. Furthermore, GA-017 increased ABL2 expression in MGC-803 cells and counteracted the effects of si-ABL2 on cell migration, invasion and proliferation. Conclusion: These findings indicated that heightened ABL2 expression could activate TGF-β/SMAD2/3 and YAP signaling pathway, promoting epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and enhancing multiplication, metastasis, and invasion in GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yixing people's hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruiyun Chen
- Department of gastrointestinal surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Renjie Miao
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Affiliated Third Hospital of Zhenjiang to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shihe Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yixing people's hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Zhou W, Lim A, Edderkaoui M, Osipov A, Wu H, Wang Q, Pandol S. Role of YAP Signaling in Regulation of Programmed Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:15-28. [PMID: 38164167 PMCID: PMC10750275 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Although recent advances in cancer treatment significantly improved the prognosis of patients, drug resistance remains a major challenge. Targeting programmed cell death is a major approach of antitumor drug development. Deregulation of programmed cell death (PCD) contributes to resistance to a variety of cancer therapeutics. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog TAZ, the main downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, are aberrantly activated in a variety of human malignancies. The Hippo-YAP pathway, which was originally identified in Drosophila, is well conserved in humans and plays a defining role in regulation of cell fate, tissue growth and regeneration. Activation of YAP signaling has emerged as a key mechanism involved in promoting cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Understanding the role of YAP/TAZ signaling network in PCD and drug resistance could facilitate the development of effective strategies for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Adrian Lim
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Arsen Osipov
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Jahin I, Phillips T, Marcotti S, Gorey MA, Cox S, Parsons M. Extracellular matrix stiffness activates mechanosensitive signals but limits breast cancer cell spheroid proliferation and invasion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1292775. [PMID: 38125873 PMCID: PMC10731024 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1292775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is characterized by physical changes that occur in the tumor microenvironment throughout growth and metastasis of tumors. Extracellular matrix stiffness increases as tumors develop and spread, with stiffer environments thought to correlate with poorer disease prognosis. Changes in extracellular stiffness and other physical characteristics are sensed by integrins which integrate these extracellular cues to intracellular signaling, resulting in modulation of proliferation and invasion. However, the co-ordination of mechano-sensitive signaling with functional changes to groups of tumor cells within 3-dimensional environments remains poorly understood. Here we provide evidence that increasing the stiffness of collagen scaffolds results in increased activation of ERK1/2 and YAP in human breast cancer cell spheroids. We also show that ERK1/2 acts upstream of YAP activation in this context. We further demonstrate that YAP, matrix metalloproteinases and actomyosin contractility are required for collagen remodeling, proliferation and invasion in lower stiffness scaffolds. However, the increased activation of these proteins in higher stiffness 3-dimensional collagen gels is correlated with reduced proliferation and reduced invasion of cancer cell spheroids. Our data collectively provide evidence that higher stiffness 3-dimensional environments induce mechano-signaling but contrary to evidence from 2-dimensional studies, this is not sufficient to promote pro-tumorigenic effects in breast cancer cell spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Zhao H, Jiang R, Zhang C, Feng Z, Wang X. LncRNA H19-rich extracellular vesicles derived from gastric cancer stem cells facilitate tumorigenicity and metastasis via mediating intratumor communication network. J Transl Med 2023; 21:238. [PMID: 37005676 PMCID: PMC10067256 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) transport biologically active molecules, and represent a recently identified way of intercellular communication. Recent evidence has also reported that EVs shed by cancer stem cells (CSCs) make a significant contribution to carcinogenesis and metastasis. Here, this study aims to explore the possible molecular mechanism of CSCs-EVs in gastric cancer (GC) by mediating intratumor communication network. METHODS CSCs and non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs) were sorted from GC cells, and EVs were isolated from CSCs. H19 was knocked down in CSCs, and CSCs-EVs or CSCs-EVs containing shRNA-H19 (CSCs-EVs-sh-H19) were co-cultured with NSCCs, followed by evaluation of the malignant behaviors and stemness of NSCCs. Mouse models of GC were established and injected with CSCs-EVs from sh-H19-treated NSCCs in vivo. RESULTS CSCs had notable self-renewal and tumorigenic capacity compared with NSCCs. CSCs promoted the malignant behaviors of NSCCs and expression of stemness marker proteins through secretion of EVs. Inhibited secretion of CSCs-EVs curtailed the tumorigenicity and metastasis of NSCCs in vivo. H19 could be delivered by CSCs-EVs into NSCCs. H19 promoted the malignant behaviors of NSCCs and stemness marker protein expression in vitro along with tumorigenicity and liver metastasis in vivo, which was mechanistically associated with activation of the YAP/CDX2 signaling axis. CONCLUSION Taken together, the present study points to the importance of a novel regulatory axis H19/YAP/CDX2 in carcinogenic and metastatic potential of CSCs-EVs in GC, which may be potential targets for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, No. 131 Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rongke Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, No. 131 Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijing Feng
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, No. 131 Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
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Targeting the Hippo Pathway in Gastric Cancer and Other Malignancies in the Digestive System: From Bench to Bedside. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102512. [PMID: 36289774 PMCID: PMC9599207 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionally conserved signaling cascade that controls organ size and tissue regeneration under physiological conditions, and its aberrations have been well studied to promote tumor initiation and progression. Dysregulation of the Hippo tumor suppressor signaling frequently occurs in gastric cancer (GC) and other solid tumors and contributes to cancer development through modulating multiple aspects, including cell proliferation, survival, metastasis, and oncotherapy resistance. In the clinic, Hippo components also possess diagnostic and prognostic values for cancer patients. Considering its crucial role in driving tumorigenesis, targeting the Hippo pathway may greatly benefit developing novel cancer therapies. This review summarizes the current research progress regarding the core components and regulation of the Hippo pathway, as well as the mechanism and functional roles of their dysregulation in gastrointestinal malignancies, especially in GC, and discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting the Hippo pathway against cancers.
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Asiaticoside Suppresses Gastric Cancer Progression and Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress through the miR-635/HMGA1 Axis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:1917585. [PMID: 35692504 PMCID: PMC9184171 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1917585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Gastric cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor with high morbidity and poor prognosis. Asiaticoside (AC) has antitumor effects, while its role in gastric cancer is elusive. Thus, this study investigated the effect of AC on gastric cancer progression. Methods Cell viability and migration were determined using the CCK-8 and Transwell migration assay. Endoplasmic reticulum stress was detected through measuring the expressions of GRP78, Chop, and hnRNPA1 by Western blot. The luciferase assay confirmed the relationship between miR-635 and High Mobility Group AT-Hook 1 (HMGA1). The effect of AC on tumor growth was evaluated by establishing a xenograft tumor. The survival rate of mice was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results AC suppressed gastric cancer cell viability and restrained cell migration. AC inhibited the expressions of the cell proliferation marker PCNA and EMT-related marker N-cadherin and increased E-cadherin expression. AC elevated the levels of GRP78 and Chop and suppressed the level of hnRNPA1. In addition, AC restrained gastric cancer proliferation and migration ability and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating miR-635 expression. Furthermore, HMGA1 was proven to be a target of miR-635. AC constrained gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration and promoted endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating HMGA1. Moreover, AC suppressed in vivo tumor growth and improved the survival time of mice. Additionally, AC elevated the expressions of miR-635, E-cadherin, GRP78, and Chop and inhibited Ki-67, HMGA1, N-cadherin, and hnRNPA1 expressions in tumor tissues of mice. Conclusion AC suppressed gastric cancer progression and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress via the miR-635/HMGA1 axis, providing a valuable drug against gastric cancer.
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Li M. The role of P53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) in ovarian development, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Apoptosis 2021; 26:235-247. [PMID: 33783663 PMCID: PMC8197724 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
P53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), a pro-apoptotic BCL-2 homology 3 (BH3)-only member of the BCL-2 family, is a direct transcriptional target of P53 that elicits mitochondrial apoptosis under treatment with radiation and chemotherapy. It also induces excessive apoptosis in cardiovascular and/or neurodegenerative diseases. PUMA has been found to play a critical role in ovarian apoptosis. In the present paper, we review the progress of the study in PUMA over the past two decades in terms of its inducement and/or amplification of programmed cell death and describe recent updates to the understanding of both P53-dependent and P53-independent PUMA-mediated apoptotic pathways that are implicated in physiology and pathology, including the development of the ovary and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. We propose that PUMA may be a key regulator during ovary development, provide a model for PUMA-mediated apoptotic pathways, including intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Park HS, Lee DH, Kang DH, Yeo MK, Bae G, Lee D, Yoo G, Kim JO, Moon E, Huh YH, Lee SH, Jo EK, Cho SY, Lee JE, Chung C. Targeting YAP-p62 signaling axis suppresses the EGFR-TKI-resistant lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1405-1417. [PMID: 33486901 PMCID: PMC7926029 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the progress of advanced target therapeutic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR-TKI resistance is still one of the biggest obstacles in treating lung cancer. Clinical studies with autophagy inhibitors are actively underway to overcome drug resistance. METHODS We used PC9, PC9/GR, and HCC827/GR cell lines to evaluate the activation of autophagy and EGFR-TKI resistance. Chloroquine was applied as an autophagic blocker and verteporfin was utilized as a YAP inhibitor. RESULTS In this study, we tried to reveal the effect of autophagy adaptor p62 which is accumulated by autophagy inhibitor in EGFR-TKI-resistant lung adenocarcinoma. We identified that p62 has oncogenic functions that induce cell proliferation and invasion of EGFR-TKI-resistant lung adenocarcinoma. Interestingly, we found for the first time that YAP regulates p62 transcription through ERK, and YAP inhibition can suppress the expression of oncogenic p62. We also confirmed that the expressions of p62 and YAP have a positive correlation in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. To block cell survival via perturbing YAP-p62 axis, we treated EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer cells with YAP inhibitor verteporfin. Remarkably, verteporfin effectively caused the death of EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer cells by decreasing the expressions of p62 with oncogenic function, YAP, and its target PD-L1. So, the cumulative effect of oncogenic p62 should be considered when using autophagy inhibitors, especially drugs that act at the last stage of autophagy such as chloroquine and bafilomycin A1. CONCLUSION Finally, we suggest that targeting YAP-p62 signaling axis can be useful to suppress the EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer. Therefore, drug repurposing of verteporfin for lung cancer treatment may be valuable to consider because it can inhibit critical targets: p62, YAP, and PD-L1 at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Lee
- Division of Chemical and Biological metrology, Korea Research Institute for Standards and Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Da Hyun Kang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Goeun Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Yoo
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Ock Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Moon
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Hoon Huh
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeon Cho
- Chungnam National University Schoolof Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeuk Chung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Han T, Cheng Z, Xu M, Wang X, Wu J, Fang X. Yes-Associated Protein Contributes to Cell Proliferation and Migration of Gastric Cancer via Activation of Gli1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10867-10876. [PMID: 33149604 PMCID: PMC7603417 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s266449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential oncogenic property and the internal mechanism of yes-associated protein (YAP) in gastric cancer (GC). Materials and Methods YAP protein levels were evaluated in human GC tissues and paired normal tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The role of YAP in regulating GC cell proliferation and migration was verified by genetic manipulation in vitro. Western blot analysis was used to determine the molecular signaling to explain the mechanism of the observed YAP effects in GC. Results Nuclear YAP protein expression was upregulated in GC tissues, and high nuclear YAP level was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage in patients suffered from GC. YAP knockdown inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress in vitro, whereas YAP elevation did the opposite. YAP regulated glioma-associated oncogene-1 (Gli1) expression independent of smoothened homolog (SMO). YAP modulated protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in GC cells. Conclusion YAP enhanced GC cell proliferation and migration potentially via its regulation of Gli1 expression through the non-classical Hedgehog pathway, indicating suppression of YAP/Gli1 signaling axis may highlight a new entry point for combination therapy of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwu Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosan Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, People's Republic of China
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Hu Y, Wang B, Wang L, Wang Z, Jian Z, Deng L. Mammalian STE20‑like kinase 1 regulates pancreatic cancer cell survival and migration through Mfn2‑mediated mitophagy. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:398-404. [PMID: 32377725 PMCID: PMC7248474 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian STE20-like kinase 1 (MST1) plays an important role in pancreatic cancer progression, but its downstream targets are still unknown. In the present study, our results indicated that MST1 expression was significantly downregulated in pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC‑1, BxPC‑3 and HPAC) compared with that in the normal ductal epithelial cell line (hTERT‑HPNE). Moreover, MST1 overexpression in PANC‑1 cells led to increased apoptosis as determined by MTT and TUNEL assays and inhibited cellular migration. Mechanistically, upregulation of MST1 expression caused mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased ATP production, and activation of the mitochondrial‑dependent apoptotic pathway via inhibition of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2)‑mediated mitophagy, which ultimately resulted in increased cellular apoptosis and decreased cellular migration. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that MST1 may regulate pancreatic cancer PANC‑1 cell survival, invasion and migration through Mfn2‑mediated mitophagy, laying the foundation for the exploration of novel therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, 900th Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of the PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, 900th Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of the PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenran Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Jian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of General Surgery, 900th Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of the PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
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11
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Ribera-Fonseca A, Jiménez D, Leal P, Riquelme I, Roa JC, Alberdi M, Peek RM, Reyes-Díaz M. The Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Invasive Effect of Leaf Extracts of Blueberry Plants Treated with Methyl Jasmonate on Human Gastric Cancer In Vitro Is Related to Their Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010045. [PMID: 31948009 PMCID: PMC7023271 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third main cause of cancerous tumors in humans in Chile. It is well-accepted that a diet rich in antioxidant plants could help in fighting cancer. Blueberry is a fruit crop with a high content of antioxidants. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a phytohormone involved in plant defenses under stress conditions. The exogenous application of MeJA can improve the antioxidant properties in plants. We studied in vitro and in vivo anticancer action on human gastric cancer (cell line AGS) and the antioxidant properties of extracts from blueberry plants untreated and treated with MeJA. The results demonstrated that leaf extracts displayed a higher inhibition of cancer cell viability as well as greater antioxidant properties compared to fruit extracts. Besides, MeJA applications to plants improved the antioxidant properties of leaf extracts (mainly anthocyanins), increasing their inhibition levels on cell viability and migration. It is noteworthy that leaf extract from MeJA-treated plants significantly decreased cancer cell migration and expression of gastric cancer-related proteins, mainly related to the mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Interestingly, in all cases the anticancer and antioxidant properties of leaf extracts were strongly related. Despite highlighted outcomes, in vivo results did not indicate significant differences in Helicobacter pylori colonization nor inflammation levels in Mongolian gerbils unfed and fed with blueberry leaf extract. Our findings demonstrated that MeJA increased antioxidant compounds, mainly anthocyanins, and decreased the viability and migration capacity of AGS cells. In addition, leaf extracts from MeJA-treated plants were also able to decrease the expression of gastric cancer-related proteins. Our outcomes also revealed that the anthocyanin-rich fraction of blueberry leaf extracts showed higher in vitro antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects than the crude leaf extracts. However, it is still uncertain whether the leaf extracts rich in anthocyanins of blueberry plants are capable of exerting a chemopreventive or chemoprotective effect against gastric cancer on an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Ribera-Fonseca
- Centro de Fruticultura, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Danae Jiménez
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Pamela Leal
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Biomedicine and Translational Research Laboratory, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Alemania 0458, 4th Floor, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4810296, Chile;
| | - Ismael Riquelme
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4180101, Chile;
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, UC Centre for Investigational Oncology (CITO), Advanced Centre for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), The Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile;
| | - Miren Alberdi
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Richard M. Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA
| | - Marjorie Reyes-Díaz
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-45-2325421
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