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Zhang C, Qin Y, Wu Y, Xu H, Shu Y. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in hematological malignancies and its clinical applications. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1151-1159. [PMID: 38557962 PMCID: PMC11101235 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 ( MALAT1 ) is a well-established oncogenic long non-coding RNA, the higher expression of which is strongly correlated with cancer events such as tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and treatment outcome in solid cancers. Recently, a series of studies has highlighted its potential role in hematological malignancies in terms of these events. Similar to solid cancers, MALAT1 can regulate various target genes via sponging and epigenetic mechanisms, but the miRNAs sponged by MALAT1 differ from those identified in solid cancers. In this review, we systematically describe the role and underlying mechanisms of MALAT1 in multiple types of hematological malignancies, including regulation of cell proliferation, metastasis, stress response, and glycolysis. Clinically, MALAT1 expression is related to poor treatment outcome and drug resistance, therefore exhibiting potential prognostic value in multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia. Finally, we discuss the evaluation of MALAT1 as a novel therapeutic target against cancer in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yun Qin
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of General Surgery, Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Badae NM, Abdelmonsif DA, Aly RG, Omar AM, Shoela MS, Omar EM. Effect of spermidine on long non-coding RNAs MALAT1 in a rotenone induced-rat model of Parkinson's disease. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38279557 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermidine is a natural biologically active substance that has widespread influences on the body. OBJECTIVE This study aims to enhance our understanding of the potential effect of spermidine on long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and explore the underlying mechanism in the rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. METHODS Rats were sacrificed after locomotor behavioral testing. Striatal tissues were used to assess the expression of MALAT1, oxidative stress markers, and autophagy markers. RESULTS Our study found that treatment with spermidine for 2 weeks during the induction of the model significantly improved behavioral assessment, dopamine levels, and attenuated the histopathological changes that occurred in PD in comparison to the non-treated group. CONCLUSION Our preliminary study supports the protective effect of spermidine on the activation of autophagy and its antioxidant properties. Part of the antioxidant activity is due to the inhibition of MALAT1. However, MALAT1 does not correlate with the spermidine-induced autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Mohamed Badae
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Abdelmonsif
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania Gaber Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira M Omar
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mai S Shoela
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman M Omar
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Bai S, Guo J, Zhang H. A meta-analysis of the clinicopathological significance of the lncRNA MALAT1 in human gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1257120. [PMID: 38239645 PMCID: PMC10794718 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1257120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of the long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been linked to some oncogenic pathways that induce cancer initiation and progression. This meta-analysis was conducted to specifically summarize the most recent research on MALAT1 function in human gastric cancer (GC). Methods The eligible studies were first identified by searching HowNet, Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Nature databases for studies published as of April 1, 2023. The meta-analysis included 14 studies assessing MALAT1 expression and presenting clinical parameters and survival outcomes. Results The results illustrated that high MALAT1 expression is predictive of lymph node metastasis (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 2.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.97-4.54, P < 0.001) and distant metastasis in GC (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.68-5.75, P < 0.001). In addition, MALAT1 was associated with GC tumor invasion (T3/T4 vs. T1/T2: OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.90- 4.41, P <0.001) and TNM stage (III/IV vs I/II: OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.80-4.77, P <0.001). Additionally, higher MALAT-1 expression predicted poorer overall survival in patients with GC (hazard ratio = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.20-2.09, P < 0.001). Conclusions The current findings suggest that the high MALAT1 expression is an adverse biomarker for prognostic outcomes, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and distant metastasis in GC and MALAT1 could be a prognostic biomarker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxiong Bai
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Zhang Y, Tang J, Wang C, Zhang Q, Zeng A, Song L. Autophagy-related lncRNAs in tumor progression and drug resistance: A double-edged sword. Genes Dis 2024; 11:367-381. [PMID: 37588204 PMCID: PMC10425854 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of cancer are increasing every year worldwide but the survival rate of cancer patients is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor development and drug resistance to improve cancer cure or survival rates. In recent years, autophagy has become a hot topic in the field of oncology research, which plays a double-edged role in tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance. Meanwhile, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has also been shown to regulate autophagy, and the two-sided nature of autophagy determines the dual regulatory role of autophagy-related lncRNAs (ARlncRNAs). Therefore, ARlncRNAs can be effective therapeutic targets for various cancers. Furthermore, the high abundance and stability of ARlncRNAs in tumor tissues make them promising biomarkers. In this review, we summarized the roles and mechanisms of ARlncRNAs in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, drug resistance, angiogenesis, radiation resistance, and immune regulation. In addition, we described the clinical significance of these ARlncRNAs, including as biomarkers/therapeutic targets and their association with clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Zhang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiayu Tang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Qinxiu Zhang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
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5
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Batista DMDO, da Silva JMC, Gigek CDO, Smith MDAC, de Assumpção PP, Calcagno DQ. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 molecular mechanisms in gastric cancer progression. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1520-1530. [PMID: 37746646 PMCID: PMC10514724 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i9.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains among the most common cancers worldwide with a high mortality-to-incidence ratio. Accumulated evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in gastric carcinogenesis. These transcripts are longer than 200 nucleotides and modulate gene expression at multiple molecular levels, inducing or inhibiting biological processes and diseases. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the best-studied lncRNAs with comprehensive actions contributing to cancer progression. This lncRNA regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels through interactions with microRNAs and proteins. In the present review, we discussed the molecular mechanism of MALAT1 and summarized the current knowledge of its expression in GC. Moreover, we highlighted the potential use of MALAT1 as a biomarker, including liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marília de Arruda Cardoso Smith
- Disciplina de Genética,Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang Z, Liu J, Xie J, Yuan X, Wang B, Shen W, Zhang Y. Regulation of autophagy by non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:947332. [PMID: 36353541 PMCID: PMC9637602 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.947332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved cellular self-digesting process that degrades obsoleting proteins and cellular components and plays a crucial role in the tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance of various tumors such as gastric cancer (GC). As a hotspot in molecular biology, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of multiple biological processes, such as autophagy. Increasing evidence indicate that various ncRNAs exert double roles in the initiation and progression of GC, either serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Recent studies have shown that some ncRNAs could modulate autophagy activity in GC cells, which would affect the malignant transformation and drug resistance. Whether the function of ncRNAs in GC is dependent on autophagy is undefined. Therefore, identifying the underlying moleculr targets of ncRNAs in autophagy pathways and the role of ncRNA-regulated autophagy in GC could develop new treatment interventions for this disease. This review summarizes the autophagy process and its role in GC, and the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs, as well as focuses on the dual role of ncRNAs-mediated autophagy in GC, for the development of potential therapeutic strategies in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Wang
- Graduate College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingri Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Graduate College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Graduate College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjuan Shen
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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7
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Lu L, Liang Q, Zhang X, Xu Y, Meng D, Liang Z. Autophagy Related Noncoding RNAs: Emerging Regulatory Factors of Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:2215-2224. [PMID: 35898946 PMCID: PMC9309173 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s364761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant cancers that seriously affect human health. Autophagy is a highly conserved self-defense mechanism found to plays an important role in the occurrence, progression, drug resistance, and prognosis of GC. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases including GC. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to research on autophagy-related ncRNAs, such as miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in GC. Herein, we briefly summarize the roles, functions, and the research progress of autophagy and autophagy-related ncRNAs in GC with a focus on the potential application in GC tumorigenesis, development, prognosis, and drug resistance. We also discussed prospects of clinical application, future research direction, and challenges in future research of autophagy-related ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lu
- Child Healthcare Department, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyan Liang
- Health Care Department, People's Liberation Army Navy No. 971 Hospital, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehua Meng
- Department of Allergy, Dongtai People's Hospital, Yancheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofeng Liang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Chowdhury SG, Bhattacharya D, Karmakar P. Exosomal long noncoding RNAs - the lead thespian behind the regulation, cause and cure of autophagy-related diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7013-7024. [PMID: 35655053 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in exosome biology have revealed significant roles of exosome and their contents in intercellular communication. Among various exosomal content, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have a large size (˃ 200 nt) and lack protein coding potential, are known to play key roles in intercellular communication and novel biomarkers of various metabolic disorders. Moreover, long non-coding RNAs are often involved in the regulation of various cellular processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, cell proliferation. On the other hand, autophagy is the central regulating point that controls the various metabolic functions of the body. This process is known to prevent diseases and promote longevity. Therefore, the present review discusses the relationship between diseases and autophagy, and also look into the biological functions of exosome-associated lncRNAs in regulating autophagy. Furthermore, this review will summarize some of the studies that provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of autophagy-related diseases followed by the non-canonical roles played by autophagy and related proteins in the development of exosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India.
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9
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Rahman MA, Ahmed KR, Rahman MDH, Park MN, Kim B. Potential Therapeutic Action of Autophagy in Gastric Cancer Managements: Novel Treatment Strategies and Pharmacological Interventions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:813703. [PMID: 35153766 PMCID: PMC8834883 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.813703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), second most leading cause of cancer-associated mortality globally, is the cancer of gastrointestinal tract in which malignant cells form in lining of the stomach, resulting in indigestion, pain, and stomach discomfort. Autophagy is an intracellular system in which misfolded, aggregated, and damaged proteins, as well as organelles, are degraded by the lysosomal pathway, and avoiding abnormal accumulation of huge quantities of harmful cellular constituents. However, the exact molecular mechanism of autophagy-mediated GC management has not been clearly elucidated. Here, we emphasized the role of autophagy in the modulation and development of GC transformation in addition to underlying the molecular mechanisms of autophagy-mediated regulation of GC. Accumulating evidences have revealed that targeting autophagy by small molecule activators or inhibitors has become one of the greatest auspicious approaches for GC managements. Particularly, it has been verified that phytochemicals play an important role in treatment as well as prevention of GC. However, use of combination therapies of autophagy modulators in order to overcome the drug resistance through GC treatment will provide novel opportunities to develop promising GC therapeutic approaches. In addition, investigations of the pathophysiological mechanism of GC with potential challenges are urgently needed, as well as limitations of the modulation of autophagy-mediated therapeutic strategies. Therefore, in this review, we would like to deliver an existing standard molecular treatment strategy focusing on the relationship between chemotherapeutic drugs and autophagy, which will help to improve the current treatments of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Global Biotechnology and Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Rejvee Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - MD. Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Global Biotechnology and Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Bangladesh
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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10
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Turkieh A, El Masri Y, Pinet F, Dubois-Deruy E. Mitophagy Regulation Following Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020199. [PMID: 35053316 PMCID: PMC8774240 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy, which mediates the selective elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria, is essential for cardiac homeostasis. Mitophagy is regulated mainly by PTEN-induced putative kinase protein-1 (PINK1)/parkin pathway but also by FUN14 domain-containing 1 (FUNDC1) or Bcl2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) and BNIP3-like (BNIP3L/NIX) pathways. Several studies have shown that dysregulated mitophagy is involved in cardiac dysfunction induced by aging, aortic stenosis, myocardial infarction or diabetes. The cardioprotective role of mitophagy is well described, whereas excessive mitophagy could contribute to cell death and cardiac dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms involved in the regulation of cardiac mitophagy and its role in physiological condition. We focused on cardiac mitophagy during and following myocardial infarction by highlighting the role and the regulation of PI NK1/parkin-; FUNDC1-; BNIP3- and BNIP3L/NIX-induced mitophagy during ischemia and reperfusion.
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Liu Y, Yang Y, Zhang L, Lin J, Li B, Yang M, Li H, Chen K, Zhao W. LncRNA ASAP1-IT1 enhances cancer cell stemness via regulating miR-509-3p/YAP1 axis in NSCLC. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:572. [PMID: 34715859 PMCID: PMC8555224 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and cancer stem cell is responsible for the poor clinical outcome of NSCLC. Previous reports indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in maintaining cancer stemness, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates the role of ASAP1 Intronic Transcript 1 (ASAP1-IT1) in cancer cell stemness of NSCLC. Methods The expression of ASAP1-IT1, microRNA-509-3p (miR-509-3p) and apoptosis-/stemness-related genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR in NSCLC tissues, cancer cells and spheres of cancer stem cells. Knockdown of ASAP1-IT1 or overexpression of miR-509-3p in NSCLC cells by infection or transfection of respective plasmids. Sphere formation and colony formation were used to detect NSCLC stem cell-like properties and tumor growth in vitro. Luciferase reporter assays, RNA immunoprecitation (RIP) and qRT-PCR assays were used to analyze the interaction between lncRNA and miRNA. The expression of expression of regulated genes of ASAP1-IT1/miR-509-3p axis was evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The NSCLC xenograft mouse model was used to validate the role of ASAP1-IT1 in NSCLC stemness and tumor growth in vivo. Results ASAP1-IT1 was up-regulated in NSCLC tissues, cancer cells, and in spheres of A549-derived cancer stem cells. Downregulation of ASAP1-IT1 or overexpression of miR-509-3p significantly decreased cell colony formation and stem cell-like properties of A549-dereived stem cells with decreased expression of stem cell biomarkers SOX2, CD34, and CD133, and suppressing the expression of cell growth-related genes, Cyclin A1, Cyclin B1, and PCNA. Furthermore, knockdown of ASAP1-IT1 or overexpression of miR-509-3p repressed tumor growth in nude mice via reducing expression of tumorigenic genes. ASAP1-IT1 was found to interact with miR-509-3p. Moreover, overexpression of ASAP1-IT1 blocked the inhibition by miR-509-3p on stem cell-like properties and cell growth of A549-dereived stem cells both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the level of YAP1 was regulated by ASAP1-IT1 and miR-509-3p. Conclusions YAP1-involved ASAP1-IT1/miR-509-3p axis promoted NSCLC progression by regulating cancer cell stemness, and targeting this signaling pathway could be is a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome NSCLC stemness. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02270-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuping Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqiang Lin
- School of Laboratory Medicine Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghui Li
- Department of Refractive Surgery, Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangwu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Laboratory Medicine Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Xu J, Xu W, Xuan Y, Liu Z, Sun Q, Lan C. Pancreatic Cancer Progression Is Regulated by IPO7/p53/LncRNA MALAT1/MiR-129-5p Positive Feedback Loop. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:630262. [PMID: 34660566 PMCID: PMC8517143 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.630262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy with poor prognosis. Importin 7 (IPO7) is a soluble nuclear transport factor, which has been linked to the pathogenesis of several human diseases. However, its role and underlying mechanism in pancreatic cancer are still obscure. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed to determine IPO7 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. Western blot was used to measure IPO7 expression at the protein level in cell lines. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), flow cytometry, and Transwell assays were employed to explore the biological functions of IPO7. Subcutaneous xenograft transplanted tumor model and caudal vein injection model in mice were also established to validate the oncogenic role of IPO7. Western blot and qPCR were utilized to detect the regulatory function of IPO7 on p53 and metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), respectively. Interaction between MALAT1 and miR-129-5p and interaction between miR-129-5p and IPO7 were verified by bioinformatics prediction, qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and pull-down assay. Results: Upregulation of IPO7 in pancreatic cancer tissues was associated with adverse prognosis of the patients with pancreatic cancer. Knocking down IPO7 remarkably suppressed cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, while it promoted apoptosis. Overexpression of IPO7 facilitated the malignant phenotypes of pancreatic cancer cells. Mechanistically, IPO7 could repress the expression of p53 and induce the expression of MALAT1 but reduce miR-129-5p expression. Furthermore, miR-129-5p was identified as a posttranscriptional regulator for IPO7, and its inhibition led to IPO7 overexpression in pancreatic cancer cells. Conclusion: IPO7 is a novel oncogene for pancreatic cancer, and IPO7/p53/MALAT1/miR-129-5p positive feedback loop facilitates the progression of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Thyroid Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weixue Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Thyroid Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Xuan
- Department of Pancreatic and Thyroid Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Thyroid Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qinyun Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Thyroid Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hainan Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, China
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Roy SG. Regulation of autophagy by miRNAs in human diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 64:317-329. [PMID: 34690368 PMCID: PMC8520464 DOI: 10.1007/s13237-021-00378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a homeostatic process designed to eliminate dysfunctional and aging organelles and misfolded proteins through a well-concerted pathway, starting with forming a double-membrane vesicle and culminating in the lysosomal degradation of the cargo enclosed inside the mature vesicle. As a vital sentry of cellular health, autophagy is regulated in every human disease condition and is an essential target for non-coding RNAs like microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are short oligonucleotides that specifically bind to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs, thus leading to mRNA silencing, degradation, or translation blockage. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the regulation of autophagy and autophagy-related genes by different miRNAs in various pathological conditions, including cancer, kidney and liver disorders, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disorders, infectious diseases, aging-related conditions, and inflammation-related diseases. As miRNAs are being identified as prime regulators of autophagy in human disease, pharmacological molecules and traditional medicines targeting these miRNAs are also being tested in disease models, thus initiating a new series of therapeutic interventions targeting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounak Ghosh Roy
- Department of Internal Medicine – Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
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14
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Lu HY, Wang GY, Zhao JW, Jiang HT. Knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 ameliorates acute kidney injury by mediating the miR-204/APOL1 pathway. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23881. [PMID: 34240756 PMCID: PMC8373329 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) was characterized by loss of renal function, associated with chronic kidney disease, end‐stage renal disease, and length of hospital stay. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participated in AKI development and progression. Here, we aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of lncRNA MALAT1 in AKI. Methods AKI serum samples were obtained from 129 AKI patients. ROC analysis was conducted to confirm the diagnostic value of MALAT1 in differentiating AKI from healthy volunteers. After hypoxic treatment on HK‐2 cells, the expressions of inflammatory cytokines, MALAT1, miR‐204, APOL1, p65, and p‐p65, were measured by RT‐qPCR and Western blot assays. The targeted relationship between miR‐204 and MALAT1 or miR‐204 and APOL1 was determined by luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull‐down analysis. After transfection, CCK‐8, flow cytometry, and TUNEL staining assays were performed to evaluate the effects of MALAT1 and miR‐204 on AKI progression. Results From the results, lncRNA MALAT1 was strongly elevated in serum samples from AKI patients, with the high sensitivity and specificity concerning differentiating AKI patients from healthy controls. In vitro, we established the AKI cell model after hypoxic treatment. After experiencing hypoxia, we found significantly increased MALAT1, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α expressions along with decreased miR‐204 level. Moreover, the targeted relationship between MALAT1 and miR‐204 was confirmed. Silencing of MALAT1 could reverse hypoxia‐triggered promotion of HK‐2 cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, the increase of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α after hypoxia treatment could be repressed by MALAT1 knockdown as well. After co‐transfection with MALAT1 silencing and miR‐204 inhibition, we found that miR‐204 could counteract the effects of MALAT1 on HK‐2 cell progression and inflammation after under hypoxic conditions. Finally, NF‐κB signaling was inactivated while APOL1 expression was increased in HK‐2 cells after hypoxia treatment, and lncRNA MALAT1 inhibition reactivated NF‐κB signaling while suppressed APOL1 expression by sponging miR‐204. Conclusions Collectively, these results illustrated that knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 could ameliorate AKI progression and inflammation by targeting miR‐204 through APOL1/NF‐κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yuan Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Guo-Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jin-Wen Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Hai-Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
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15
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Ye J, Li J, Zhao P. Roles of ncRNAs as ceRNAs in Gastric Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071036. [PMID: 34356052 PMCID: PMC8305186 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although ignored in the past, with the recent deepening of research, significant progress has been made in the field of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Accumulating evidence has revealed that microRNA (miRNA) response elements regulate RNA. Long ncRNAs, circular RNAs, pseudogenes, miRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) form a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network that plays an essential role in cancer and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, with a high degree of malignancy. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanism and treatment of GC, but GC’s mortality rate is still high. Studies have shown a complex ceRNA crosstalk mechanism in GC. lncRNAs, circRNAs, and pseudogenes can interact with miRNAs to affect mRNA transcription. The study of the involvement of ceRNA in GC could improve our understanding of GC and lead to the identification of potential effective therapeutic targets. The research strategy for ceRNA is mainly to screen the different miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, pseudogenes, and mRNAs in each sample through microarray or sequencing technology, predict the ceRNA regulatory network, and, finally, conduct functional research on ceRNA. In this review, we briefly discuss the proposal and development of the ceRNA hypothesis and the biological function and principle of ceRNAs in GC, and briefly introduce the role of ncRNAs in the GC’s ceRNA network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Jifu Li
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-23-6825-0885
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16
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The Effect of Genomic DNA Contamination on the Detection of Circulating Long Non-Coding RNAs: The Paradigm of MALAT1. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11071160. [PMID: 34202021 PMCID: PMC8305527 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of contaminating gDNA in RNA preparations is a frequent cause of false positives in RT-PCR-based analysis. However, in some cases, this cannot be avoided, especially when there are no exons-intron junctions in the lncRNA sequences. Due to the lack of exons in few of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the lack of DNAse treatment step in most studies reported so far, serious questions are raised about the specificity of lncRNA detection and the potential of reporting false-positive results. We hypothesized that minute amounts of gDNA usually co-extracted with RNA could give false-positive signals since primers would specifically bind to gDNA due to the lack of junction. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of gDNA and other forms of DNA like extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) contamination and the importance of including a DNAse treatment step on lncRNAsexpression.As a model, we have chosen as one of the most widely studied lncRNAs in cancer namely MALAT1, which lacks exons. When we tested this hypothesis in plasma and primary tissue samples from NSCLC patients, our findings clearly indicated that results on MALAT1 expression are highly affected by the presence of DNA contamination and that the DNAse treatment step is absolutely necessary to avoid false positive results.
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Xie SJ, Diao LT, Cai N, Zhang LT, Xiang S, Jia CC, Qiu DB, Liu C, Sun YJ, Lei H, Hou YR, Tao S, Hu YX, Xiao ZD, Zhang Q. mascRNA and its parent lncRNA MALAT1 promote proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activating ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:110. [PMID: 34001866 PMCID: PMC8128908 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MALAT1-associated small cytoplasmic RNA (mascRNA) is a cytoplasmic tRNA-like small RNA derived from nucleus-located long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1). While MALAT1 was extensively studied and was found to function in multiple cellular processes, including tumorigenesis and tumor progression, the role of mascRNA was largely unknown. Here we show that mascRNA is upregulated in multiple cancer cell lines and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) clinical samples. Using HCC cells as model, we found that mascRNA and its parent lncRNA MALAT1 can both promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Correspondingly, both of them can enhance the tumor growth in mice subcutaneous tumor model and can promote metastasis by tail intravenous injection of HCC cells. Furthermore, we revealed that mascRNA and MALAT1 can both activate ERK/MAPK signaling pathway, which regulates metastasis-related genes and may contribute to the aggressive phenotype of HCC cells. Our results indicate a coordination in function and mechanism of mascRNA and MALAT1 during development and progress of HCC, and provide a paradigm for deciphering tRNA-like structures and their parent transcripts in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Juan Xie
- Vaccine Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Li-Ting Diao
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Nan Cai
- Vaccine Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Li-Ting Zhang
- Vaccine Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Sha Xiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chang-Chang Jia
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Dong-Bo Qiu
- Vaccine Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yu-Jia Sun
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hang Lei
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ya-Rui Hou
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shuang Tao
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yan-Xia Hu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Xiao
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Vaccine Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. .,Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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18
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Fathy N, Kortam MA, Shaker OG, Sayed NH. Long Noncoding RNAs MALAT1 and ANRIL Gene Variants and the Risk of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke: An Association Study. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1351-1362. [PMID: 33818067 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is one of the primary causes of death worldwide and a major cause of long-term disability. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial mediators in the pathology of CIS; however, their potential importance is yet to be discovered. Herein, we examined the association of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of CIS, their correlation with the lncRNAs, MALAT1 and ANRIL, expression, and the potential of serum MALAT1 and ANRIL as biomarkers for CIS. A total of 100 CIS patients and 100 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Genotyping and expression analysis of MALAT1 and ANRIL SNPs were carried out by qPCR. The present results showed that serum MALAT1 was downregulated, while serum ANRIL was overexpressed in CIS patients, relative to controls. MALAT1 downregulation discriminated CIS patients from controls by receiver-operating-characteristic analysis. Moreover, serum ANRIL denoted good diagnostic accuracy. MALAT1 rs619586 AA and rs3200401 CT, TT were associated with increased CIS risk, whereas ANRIL rs10965215 GG was found to be protective. The studied ANRIL rs10738605 polymorphism was not associated with CIS susceptibility. Notably, the G variant of MALAT1 rs619586 demonstrated a higher serum MALAT1 expression level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed serum MALAT1 as well as MALAT1 rs3200401 CT + TT as independent predictors of CIS. Additionally, a negative association was found between the serum MALAT1 level and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. In conclusion, MALAT1 rs619586 and rs3200401 and ANRIL rs10965215 are novel prospective noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for CIS predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevine Fathy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mona A. Kortam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Noha H. Sayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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19
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Wan J, Guo C, Fang H, Xu Z, Hu Y, Luo Y. Autophagy-Related Long Non-coding RNA Is a Prognostic Indicator for Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:647236. [PMID: 33869042 PMCID: PMC8049181 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.647236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant urinary system tumors, and its prognosis is poor. In recent years, autophagy has been closely linked to the development of BC. Therefore, we investigated the potential prognostic role of autophagy-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in patients with BC. We obtained the lncRNA information and autophagy genes, respectively, from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set and the human autophagy database (HADb) and performed a co-expression analysis to identify autophagy gene-associated lncRNAs. Then, we divided the data into training group and testing group. In the training group, 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs were found to have a prognostic value (AC026369.3, USP30-as1, AC007991.2, AC104785.1, AC010503.4, AC037198.1, AC010331.1, AF131215.6, AC084357.2, THUMPD3-AS1, U62317.4, MAN1B1-DTt, AC024060.1, AL662844.4, and AC005229.4). The patients were divided into low-risk group and high-risk group based on the prognostic lncRNAs. The overall survival (OS) time for the high-risk group was shorter than that for the low-risk group [risk ratio (hazard ratio, HR) = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06-1.10; p < 0.0001]. Using our model, the defined risk value can predict the prognosis of a patient. Next, the model was assessed in the TCGA testing group to further validate these results. A total of 203 patients with BC were recruited to verify the lncRNA characteristics. We divided these patients into high-risk group and low-risk group. The results of testing data set show that the survival time of high-risk patients is shorter than that of low-risk patients. In the training group, the area under the curve (AUC) was more than 0.7, indicating a high level of accuracy. The AUC for a risk model was greater than that for each clinical feature alone, indicating that the risk value of a model was the best indicator for predicting the prognosis. Further training data analysis showed that the gene set was significantly enriched in cancer-related pathways, including actin cytoskeleton regulation and gap junctions. In conclusion, our 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs have a prognostic potential for BC, and may play key roles in the biology of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongpeng Fang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongye Xu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongwei Hu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Syllaios A, Moris D, Karachaliou GS, Sakellariou S, Karavokyros I, Gazouli M, Schizas D. Pathways and role of MALAT1 in esophageal and gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:343. [PMID: 33747200 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) often have an unfavorable prognosis. Therefore, research is being conducted to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis and progression of GC and EC, and to indicate novel therapeutic targets and clinically applicable biomarkers. The dysregulations and roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported, and current published literature has shown that lncRNAs play important regulatory roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of EC and GC. The lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been investigated in a number of studies with regard to its pathogenic pathways and association with the prognosis of gastric and esophageal malignancies. As literature on the topic of MALAT1 in EC and GC continues to emerge, the present review aims to summarize all current knowledge on the association between MALAT1 expression and esophagogastric malignancies and to describe the pathogenic pathways and possible prognostic role of MALAT1 in esophagogastric cancer. As research studies on MALAT1 pathways in esophagogastric malignancies are ongoing, new possibilities for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of GC and EC are likely to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Syllaios
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Moris
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Georgia Sofia Karachaliou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Stratigoula Sakellariou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Ioannis Karavokyros
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
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21
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Small in Size, but Large in Action: microRNAs as Potential Modulators of PTEN in Breast and Lung Cancers. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020304. [PMID: 33670518 PMCID: PMC7922700 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-known regulators of biological mechanisms with a small size of 19–24 nucleotides and a single-stranded structure. miRNA dysregulation occurs in cancer progression. miRNAs can function as tumor-suppressing or tumor-promoting factors in cancer via regulating molecular pathways. Breast and lung cancers are two malignant thoracic tumors in which the abnormal expression of miRNAs plays a significant role in their development. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor-suppressor factor that is capable of suppressing the growth, viability, and metastasis of cancer cells via downregulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling. PTEN downregulation occurs in lung and breast cancers to promote PI3K/Akt expression, leading to uncontrolled proliferation, metastasis, and their resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. miRNAs as upstream mediators of PTEN can dually induce/inhibit PTEN signaling in affecting the malignant behavior of lung and breast cancer cells. Furthermore, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs can regulate the miRNA/PTEN axis in lung and breast cancer cells. It seems that anti-tumor compounds such as baicalein, propofol, and curcumin can induce PTEN upregulation by affecting miRNAs in suppressing breast and lung cancer progression. These topics are discussed in the current review with a focus on molecular pathways.
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22
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Zhu B, Cui H, Xu W. Hydrogen inhibits the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by modulating lncRNA MALAT1/miR-124-3p/EZH2 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:70. [PMID: 33482814 PMCID: PMC7821405 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01743-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly malignancies without efficient treatment option. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hydrogen gas on the behavior of gastric cancer cells. Methods Gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and BGC-823 were treated with or without H2 /O2 gas mixture (66.7%:33.3% v/v). Proliferation and migration were assessed by MTT and scratch wound healing assays respectively. The expression of lncRNA MALAT1, miR-124-3p, and EZH2 was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and/or western blot. Tumor growth was estimated using xenograft mouse model. Results H2 gas significantly inhibited gastric tumor growth in vivo and the proliferation, migration, and lncRNA MALAT1 and EZH2 expression of gastric cancer cells while upregulated miR-124-3p expression. LncRNA MALAT1 overexpression abolished all the aforementioned effects of H2. LncRNA MALAT1 and miR-124-3p reciprocally inhibited the expression of each other. MiR-124-3p mimics abrogated lncRNA MALAT1 promoted EZH2 expression and gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions These data demonstrated that H2 might be developed as a therapeutics of gastric cancer and lncRNA MALAT1/miR-124-3p/EZH2 axis could be a target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocheng Zhu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengguan Cui
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqiang Xu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1158 Park East Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai, 201700, China.
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23
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Deng J, Zhang Q, Lu L, Fan C. Long Noncoding RNA DLGAP1-AS1 Promotes the Aggressive Behavior of Gastric Cancer by Acting as a ceRNA for microRNA-628-5p and Raising Astrocyte Elevated Gene 1 Expression. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2947-2960. [PMID: 32431541 PMCID: PMC7197941 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s246166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The long noncoding RNA DLGAP1 antisense RNA 1 (DLGAP1-AS1) plays well-defined roles in the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether DLGAP1-AS1 affects the aggressive behavior of gastric cancer (GC). Methods DLGAP1-AS1 expression in GC tissue samples and cell lines was determined by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. GC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vitro as well as in vivo were examined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow-cytometric analysis, transwell migration and invasion assays, and xenograft model experiments, respectively. Results DLGAP1-AS1 was overexpressed in GC tissue samples and cell lines. Among patients with GC, the increased level of DLGAP1-AS1 correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and shorter overall survival. The knockdown of DLGAP1-AS1 suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, as well as promoted cell apoptosis and hindered tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, DLGAP1-AS1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-628-5p (miR-628-5p) in GC cells, thereby increasing the expression of the miR-628-5p target astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1). Functionally, the recovery of the miR-628-5p/AEG-1 axis output attenuated the effects of DLGAP1-AS1 knockdown in GC cells. Conclusion DLGAP1-AS1 is a pleiotropic oncogenic lncRNA in GC. DLGAP1-AS1 plays a pivotal part in the oncogenicity of GC in vitro and in vivo by regulating the miR-628-5p/AEG-1 axis. DLGAP1-AS1, miR-628-5p, and AEG-1 form a regulatory pathway to facilitate GC progression, suggesting this pathway as an effective target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, Shandong 261500, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, Shandong 261500, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianwei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, Shandong 261500, People's Republic of China
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