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Lin J, Chen ZF, Guo GD, Chen X. Impact of Alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff expression on the prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:687-698. [PMID: 38577442 PMCID: PMC10989384 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Alcian blue (AB) and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stains are representative mucus markers in gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). They are low-cost special staining methods used to detect acidic mucus and neutral mucus, respectively. However, the clinical importance of the special combined AB and PAS stain is unclear. AIM To investigate AB expression, PAS expression and the AB-to-PAS (A/P) ratio in gastric SRCC patients and to assess patient prognosis. METHODS Paraffin-embedded sections from 83 patients with gastric SRCC were stained with AB and PAS, and signet ring cell positivity was assessed quantitatively. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki67, protein 53 (P53) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was performed simultaneously. The cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate was estimated via Kaplan-Meier analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used for univariate and multivariate survival analyses. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the 3-year CSS rate was significantly greater in the high-PAS-expression subgroup than in the low-PAS-expression subgroup (P < 0.001). The 3-year CSS rate in the A/P ≤ 0.5 group was significantly greater than that in the A/P > 0.5 group (P = 0.042). Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the factors affecting prognosis included tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, vessel carcinoma embolus, tumor stage, the A/P ratio and the expression of Ki67, P53 and the PAS. Cox multivariate regression analysis confirmed that low PAS expression [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.809, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.563-9.283, P = 0.003] and large tumor diameter (HR = 2.761, 95%CI: 1.086-7.020, P = 0.033) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis. CONCLUSION A/P > 0.5 is potentially a risk factor for prognosis, and low PAS expression is an independent risk factor in the prognosis of gastric SRCC. PAS expression and the A/P ratio could help in predicting the clinical prognosis of patients with SRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhu-Feng Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Guo-Dong Guo
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
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Kozłowska-Masłoń J, Guglas K, Kolenda T, Lamperska K, Makałowska I. miRNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: promising but still distant future of personalized oncology. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2023; 28:681-697. [PMID: 38179293 PMCID: PMC10764040 DOI: 10.5603/rpor.96666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common and fatal cancers worldwide. Lack of appropriate preventive screening tests, late detection, and high heterogeneity of these tumors are the main reasons for the unsatisfactory effects of therapy and, consequently, unfavorable outcomes for patients. An opportunity to improve the quality of diagnostics and treatment of this group of cancers are microRNAs (miRNAs) - molecules with a great potential both as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review aims to present the characteristics of these short non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and summarize the current reports on their use in oncology focused on medical strategies tailored to patients' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kozłowska-Masłoń
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater oland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Kacper Guglas
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater oland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kolenda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater oland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Research and Implementation Unit, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lamperska
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater oland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Research and Implementation Unit, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Makałowska
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
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Molecular biological features of cyst wall of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3049. [PMID: 36810626 PMCID: PMC9944325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular biological differences between cyst walls and those in solid bodies are the foundation of the outcomes. In this study, the CTNNB1 mutations were confirmed by DNAsequencing; CTNNB1 expression levels were detected by PCR; the differences between solid bodies and cyst walls in proliferative capacity and tumor stem cell niches were assessed by immunohistochemistry; the effect of the residual cyst wall on recurrence was assessed by follow-up. Mutations in the CTNNB1 in the cyst wall and the solid body were identical in each case. No differences were found in the transcriptional level of CTNNB1 between the cyst walls and the solid bodies (P = 0.7619). The cyst wall showed a pathological structure similar to the solid body. Proliferative capacity of cyst walls was stronger than that of solid body (P = 0.0021), and β-catenin nuclear positive cells (cell clusters) in cyst walls were more than that in solid tumor (P = 0.0002). The retrospective 45 ACPs showed residual cyst wall was significantly associated with tumor recurrence or regrowth (P = 0.0176). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed there was a significant difference in the prognosis between GTR and STR (P < 0.0001).The cyst wall of ACP contained more tumor stem cell niches which could lead to the recurrence. According to the above-mentioned, a special attention to the management of the cyst wall should be paid.
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Thomaidou AC, Batsaki P, Adamaki M, Goulielmaki M, Baxevanis CN, Zoumpourlis V, Fortis SP. Promising Biomarkers in Head and Neck Cancer: The Most Clinically Important miRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158257. [PMID: 35897831 PMCID: PMC9367895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors that extend from the oral cavity to the upper gastrointestinal tract. The principal etiologic factors for oral tumors include tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, while human papillomavirus (HPV) infections have been accused of a high incidence of pharyngeal tumors. Accordingly, HPV detection has been extensively used to categorize carcinomas of the head and neck. The diverse nature of HNC highlights the necessity for novel, sensitive, and precise biomarkers for the prompt diagnosis of the disease, its successful monitoring, and the timely prognosis of patient clinical outcomes. In this context, the identification of certain microRNAs (miRNAs) and/or the detection of alterations in their expression patterns, in a variety of somatic fluids and tissues, could serve as valuable biomarkers for precision oncology. In the present review, we summarize some of the most frequently studied miRNAs (including miR-21, -375, -99, -34a, -200, -31, -125a/b, -196a/b, -9, -181a, -155, -146a, -23a, -16, -29, and let-7), their role as biomarkers, and their implication in HNC pathogenesis. Moreover, we designate the potential of given miRNAs and miRNA signatures as novel diagnostic and prognostic tools for successful patient stratification. Finally, we discuss the currently ongoing clinical trials that aim to identify the diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility of miRNAs in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsinoe C. Thomaidou
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.C.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Panagiota Batsaki
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Maria Adamaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.C.T.); (M.A.)
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Constantin N. Baxevanis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece; (A.C.T.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (V.Z.); (S.P.F.); Tel.: +30-210-727-3730 (V.Z.); +30-210-640-9462 (S.P.F.)
| | - Sotirios P. Fortis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (M.G.); (C.N.B.)
- Correspondence: (V.Z.); (S.P.F.); Tel.: +30-210-727-3730 (V.Z.); +30-210-640-9462 (S.P.F.)
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Zhao J, Li B, Ren Y, Liang T, Wang J, Zhai S, Zhang X, Zhou P, Zhang X, Pan Y, Gao F, Zhang S, Li L, Yang Y, Deng X, Li X, Chen L, Yang D, Zheng Y. Histone demethylase KDM4A plays an oncogenic role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by promoting cell migration and invasion. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1207-1217. [PMID: 34385569 PMCID: PMC8417295 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence has indicated the vital role of lysine-specific demethylase 4 A (KDM4A), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether KDM4A affects NPC progression by regulating the HIF1α/DDIT4/mTOR signaling pathway. First, NPC and adjacent tissue samples were collected, and KDM4A protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. Then, the interactions among KDM4A, HIF1α and DDIT4 were assessed. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches were used to alter KDM4A, HIF1α and DDIT4 expression in NPC cells. The mechanism of KDM4A in NPC was evaluated both in vivo and in vitro via RT-qPCR, Western blot analysis, MTT assay, Transwell assay, flow cytometry and tumor formation experiments. KDM4A, HIF1α, and DDIT4 were highly expressed in NPC tissues and cells. Mechanistically, KDM4A inhibited the enrichment of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) in the HIF1α promoter region and thus inhibited the methylation of HIF1α to promote HIF1α expression, thus upregulating DDIT4 and activating the mTOR signaling pathway. Overexpression of KDM4A, HIF1α, or DDIT4 or activation of the mTOR signaling pathway promoted SUNE1 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion but inhibited apoptosis. KDM4A silencing blocked the mTOR signaling pathway by inhibiting the HIF1α/DDIT4 axis to inhibit the growth of SUNE1 cells in vivo. Collectively, KDM4A silencing could inhibit NPC progression by blocking the activation of the HIF1α/DDIT4/mTOR signaling pathway by increasing H3K9me3, highlighting a promising therapeutic target for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhao
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yongxia Ren
- Radiotherapy Department, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China
| | - Tiansong Liang
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Suna Zhai
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiangxian Zhang
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Pan
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Fangfang Gao
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Sulan Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Therapy and Tumor Critical Care of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Liming Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Deng
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaole Li
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Linhui Chen
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Daoke Yang
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Yingjuan Zheng
- Radiotherapy Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
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Multifunctional Roles of miR-34a in Cancer: A Review with the Emphasis on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Thyroid Cancer with Clinical Implications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10080563. [PMID: 32764498 PMCID: PMC7459507 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-34a belongs to the class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs and functions as a tumor suppressor. Under physiological conditions, miR-34a has an inhibitory effect on all processes related to cell proliferation by targeting many proto-oncogenes and silencing them on the post-transcriptional level. However, deregulation of miR-34a was shown to play important roles in tumorigenesis and processes associated with cancer progression, such as tumor-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, further understanding of miR-34a molecular mechanisms in cancer are indispensable for the development of effective diagnosis and treatments. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on miR-34a functions in human disease with an emphasis on its regulation and dysregulation, its role in human cancer, specifically head and neck squamous carcinoma and thyroid cancer, and emerging role as a disease diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and the novel therapeutic target in oncology.
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