Autoantibody to GNAS in Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Large-Scale Sample Study Combined with Verification in Serial Sera from HCC Patients.
Biomedicines 2022;
10:biomedicines10010097. [PMID:
35052777 PMCID:
PMC8773227 DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines10010097]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the value of autoantibody to GNAS in the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In a large-scale sample set of 912 participants (228 cases in each of HCC, liver cirrhosis (LC), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and normal controls (NCs) groups), autoantibody to GNAS was detected with a positive result in 47.8% of HCC patients, which was significantly higher than that in patients with LC (35.1%), CHB (19.7%), and NCs (19.7%). Further analysis showed that the frequency of autoantibody to GNAS started increasing in compensated cirrhosis patients (37.0%) with a jump in decompensated cirrhosis patients (53.2%) and reached a peak in early HCC patients (62.4%). The increasing autoantibody response to GNAS in patients at different stages was closely associated with the progression of chronic liver lesions. The result from 44 human serial sera demonstrated that 5 of 11 (45.5%) HCC patients had elevated autoantibody to GNAS before and/or at diagnosis of HCC. Moreover, 46.1% and 62.4% of high positive rates in alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative and early-stage HCC patients can supplement AFP in early detection of HCC. These findings suggest that autoantibody to GNAS could be used as a potential biomarker for the early detection of HCC.
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