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Song Y, Dong QQ, Ni YK, Xu XL, Chen CX, Chen W. Nano-Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (Nano-PROTACs) in Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5739-5761. [PMID: 38882545 PMCID: PMC11180470 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s448684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional molecules that have the capability to induce specific protein degradation. While playing a revolutionary role in effectively degrading the protein of interest (POI), PROTACs encounter certain limitations that impede their clinical translation. These limitations encompass off-target effects, inadequate cell membrane permeability, and the hook effect. The advent of nanotechnology presents a promising avenue to surmount the challenges associated with conventional PROTACs. The utilization of nano-proteolysis targeting chimeras (nano-PROTACs) holds the potential to enhance specific tissue accumulation, augment membrane permeability, and enable controlled release. Consequently, this approach has the capacity to significantly enhance the controllable degradation of target proteins. Additionally, they enable a synergistic effect by combining with other therapeutic strategies. This review comprehensively summarizes the structural basis, advantages, and limitations of PROTACs. Furthermore, it highlights the latest advancements in nanosystems engineered for delivering PROTACs, as well as the development of nano-sized PROTACs employing nanocarriers as linkers. Moreover, it delves into the underlying principles of nanotechnology tailored specifically for PROTACs, alongside the current prospects of clinical research. In conclusion, the integration of nanotechnology into PROTACs harbors vast potential in enhancing the anti-tumor treatment response and expediting clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qing Dong
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ke Ni
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao-Xiang Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310015, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
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Zuo X, Gu Y, Guo X, Zheng W, Zheng H, An Y, Xu C, Wang F. Preparation of Budesonide-Loaded Liposomal Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Delivery and Their Therapeutic Effect in OVA-Induced Asthma in Mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:673-688. [PMID: 38283200 PMCID: PMC10811423 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s441345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inhaled corticosteroids, including budesonide (BUD), are widely employed for the treatment of asthma. However, the frequent use of corticosteroids is associated with numerous adverse effects and poses challenges to ongoing drug therapy and patient adherence. Budesonide liposomal nanoparticles (BUD-LNPs) were developed to improve the bioavailability of the drug and thereby improve the effectiveness of asthma treatment. Methods BUD-LNPs were prepared via thin-film hydration, and the characterizations, stability, and in vitro release of BUD-LNPs were studied. In vitro cellular uptake was observed by laser-scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) and flow cytometry. And the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of BUD-LNPs was evaluated by measuring the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in activated macrophages. Besides, the accumulation time in the lung of drugs delivered via liposomal carriers and free drugs was compared in vivo. And the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of BUD-LNPs was assessed in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Finally, in vivo biosafety assessment was performed. Results The particle size, PDI, and zeta potential of BUD-LNPs were 127.63±1.33 nm, 0.27±0.02, and 3.33±0.13 mV, respectively. BUD-LNPs exhibited excellent biosafety and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Furthermore, compared with the free drugs, the utilization of liposomal nano-vehicles for drugs delivery could effectively extend the duration of drugs accumulation in the pulmonary system. Additionally, treatment with BUD-LNPs alleviated airway hyperresponsiveness, reduced airway mucus secretion, and mitigated pulmonary inflammation in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. And the BUD-LNPs demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy compared to free BUD. Conclusion BUD-LNPs was successfully prepared with excellent stability and sustained release for 24 h in vitro. The data of anti-inflammatory activity, asthma therapeutic effects and safety studies indicated that drug delivery mediated by liposomal nano-vehicles was a feasible and desirable strategy for medical strategy and showed great promise in the clinical therapy of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zuo
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinuo Gu
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxue Zheng
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Zheng
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming An
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caina Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
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Xiao Q, Zhang Y, Zhao A, Duan Z, Yao J. Application and development of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1268454. [PMID: 38026877 PMCID: PMC10657196 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1268454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence worldwide. Currently, there are a lack of effective early diagnosis and treatment methods for esophageal cancer. However, delivery systems based on nanoparticles (NPs) have shown ideal efficacy in real-time imaging and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy, and phototherapy for tumors, which has led to their recent widespread design as novel treatment strategies. Compared to traditional drugs, nanomedicine has unique advantages, including strong targeting ability, high bioavailability, and minimal side effects. This article provides an overview of the application of NPs in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer and provides a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jun Yao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Zhang L, Li X, Yue G, Guo L, Hu Y, Cui Q, Wang J, Tang J, Liu H. Nanodrugs systems for therapy and diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1233476. [PMID: 37520291 PMCID: PMC10373894 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1233476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of esophageal cancer, its diagnosis and treatment have become one of the key issues in medical research today. However, the current diagnostic and treatment methods face many unresolved issues, such as low accuracy of early diagnosis, painful treatment process for patients, and high recurrence rate after recovery. Therefore, new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer need to be further explored, and the rapid development of nanomaterials has brought new ideas for solving this problem. Nanomaterials used as drugs or drug delivery systems possess several advantages, such as high drug capacity, adjustably specific targeting capability, and stable structure, which endow nanomaterials great application potential in cancer therapy. However, even though the nanomaterials have been widely used in cancer therapy, there are still few reviews on their application in esophageal cancer, and systematical overview and analysis are deficient. Herein, we overviewed the application of nanodrug systems in therapy and diagnosis of esophageal cancer and summarized some representative case of their application in diagnosis, chemotherapy, targeted drug, radiotherapy, immunity, surgery and new therapeutic method of esophageal cancer. In addition, the nanomaterials used for therapy of esophageal cancer complications, esophageal stenosis or obstruction and oesophagitis, are also listed here. Finally, the challenge and the future of nanomaterials used in cancer therapy were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihan Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangxing Yue
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihao Guo
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingli Cui
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Tang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huaimin Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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The development and progress of nanomedicine for esophageal cancer diagnosis and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:873-885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Reactive oxygen species-sensitive polymeric nanocarriers for synergistic cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:17-31. [PMID: 34058390 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocarriers have aroused widespread interest in recent years. On the one hand, a high ROS level has been detected in many types of tumor cells. On the other hand, ROS generation is also induced during photodynamic, sonodynamic, or chemodynamic therapy. In addition, multiple types of polymers are sensitive to ROS. Therefore, numerous ROS-responsive polymeric nanocarriers with unique ROS-responsive characteristics have been developed. This review discusses ROS-sensitive polymeric nanocarriers to improve drug delivery efficacy. In particular, ROS-responsive nanocarriers for synergistic cancer therapy are highlighted. The development of novel ROS-sensitive nanocarriers holds great potential for combining ROS-mediated therapy, such as photodynamic therapy, and other therapies to achieve synergistic anticancer efficacy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocarriers aroused widespread interest in recent years. On the one hand, a high level of ROS has been found in many types of tumor cells. On the other hand, the ROS generation can also be induced during the photodynamic, sonodynamic, or chemodynamic therapy. Besides, multiple types of polymers were sensitive to the ROS. Therefore, numerous ROS-responsive polymeric nanocarriers with unique ROS responsive characteristics have been developed. This review focuses on the ROS-sensitive polymeric nanocarriers to improve drug delivery efficacy for synergistic cancer therapy.
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