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Vukotić M, Kapor S, Simon F, Cokic V, Santibanez JF. Mesenchymal stromal cells in myeloid malignancies: Immunotherapeutic opportunities. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25081. [PMID: 38314300 PMCID: PMC10837636 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid malignancies are clonal disorders of the progenitor cells or hematopoietic stem cells, including acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative malignancies, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Myeloid neoplastic cells affect the proliferation and differentiation of other hematopoietic lineages in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, leading to severe and life-threatening complications. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) residing in the bone marrow exert immunosuppressive functions by suppressing innate and adaptive immune systems, thus creating a supportive and tolerant microenvironment for myeloid malignancy progression. This review summarizes the significant features of MSCs in myeloid malignancies, including their role in regulating cell growth, cell death, and antineoplastic resistance, in addition to their immunosuppressive contributions. Understanding the implications of MSCs in myeloid malignancies could pave the path for potential use in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Vukotić
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Suncica Kapor
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Center “Dr. Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje,” University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Felipe Simon
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vladan Cokic
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan F. Santibanez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
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Chin HL, Lam JCM, Christopher D, Michelle PL, Junrong BY. Challenges associated with the identification of germline variants on myeloid malignancy genomic profiling-a Singaporean experience. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1182639. [PMID: 37860182 PMCID: PMC10582742 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1182639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic profiling to identify myeloid-malignancy-related gene mutations is routinely performed for patients with suspected or definite myeloid malignancies. The most common specimen types in our experience are peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirates. Although primarily intended to identify somatic mutations, not infrequently, potentially clinically significant germline variants are also identified. Confirmation of the germline status of these variants is typically performed by hair follicle or skin fibroblast testing. If the germline variant is classified as a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant and occurs in a gene known to be associated with a disease relevant to the patient's phenotype (for example, the identification of a DDX41 pathogenic variant in an individual with acute myeloid leukemia), the management algorithm is typically quite straightforward. Challenging situations may occur such as when the germline variant is classified as a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant and occurs in a gene not known to be associated with the patient's phenotype/presenting complaint. We have encountered several such challenging cases in which potentially clinically significant germline variants were identified on the initial genomic profiling of peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirate. In this article, we present these cases and discuss the genetic counseling and management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Chin
- Khoo Teck Puat National University Children's Medical Institute, Department of Paediatrics, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joyce Ching Mei Lam
- Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dheepa Christopher
- Department of Haematology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Poon Limei Michelle
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benedict Yan Junrong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Marques FK, Sabino ADP. Myelodysplastic neoplasms: An overview on diagnosis, risk-stratification, molecular pathogenesis, and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Xiong X, Yan Z, Jiang W, Jiang X. ETS variant transcription factor 6 enhances oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced inflammatory response in atherosclerotic macrophages via activating NF-κB signaling. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:20587384221076472. [PMID: 35306921 PMCID: PMC8943319 DOI: 10.1177/20587384221076472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Macrophages play a critical role in atherosclerosis by contributing to plaque development, local inflammation, and thrombosis. Elucidation of the molecular cascades in atherosclerotic macrophages is important for preventing and treating atherosclerosis. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the function of aorta macrophage in atherosclerosis. Methods: In the current study, the expression and function of ETS variant transcription factor 6 (ETV6) in aorta macrophages in a mouse atherosclerosis model. Aorta macrophages were enriched by flow cytometry. ETV6 expression was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. The role of ETV6 in macrophage-mediated pro-inflammatory response was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo after ETV6 silencing. Results: A remarkable elevation of ETV6 in aorta macrophages of atherosclerotic mice was observed. In addition, in vitro analysis indicated that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) up-regulated ETV6 in macrophages via the NF-κB pathway. ETV6 silencing suppressed oxLDL-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in macrophages in vitro. However, ETV6 silencing did not impact the uptake of either oxLDL or cholesterol by macrophages. Furthermore, ETV6 silencing suppressed oxLDL-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway in macrophages, as evidenced by less phosphorylation of IKKβ and NF-κB p65, more cytoplasmic IκBα, and lower nuclear NF-κB p65. Moreover, ETV6 silencing inhibited the production of IL-1β and TNF-α in aorta macrophages in vivo. Conclusion: ETV6 supports macrophage-mediated inflammation in atherosclerotic aortas. This is a novel mechanism regulating the pro-inflammatory activity of atherosclerotic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Xiong
- The Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuchang, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- The Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuchang, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- The Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuchang, Hubei, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- The Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Hubei Gneral Hospital), Wuchang, Hubei, China
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Kapor S, Santibanez JF. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Myeloid Malignancies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2788. [PMID: 34202907 PMCID: PMC8268878 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid malignancies arise from an altered hematopoietic stem cell and mainly comprise acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative malignancies, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Myeloid neoplastic leukemic cells may influence the growth and differentiation of other hematopoietic cell lineages in peripheral blood and bone marrow. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) display immunoregulatory properties by controlling the innate and adaptive immune systems that may induce a tolerant and supportive microenvironment for neoplasm development. This review analyzes the main features of MDSCs and MSCs in myeloid malignancies. The number of MDSCs is elevated in myeloid malignancies exhibiting high immunosuppressive capacities, whereas MSCs, in addition to their immunosuppression contribution, regulate myeloid leukemia cell proliferation, apoptosis, and chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, MSCs may promote MDSC expansion, which may mutually contribute to the creation of an immuno-tolerant neoplasm microenvironment. Understanding the implication of MDSCs and MSCs in myeloid malignancies may favor their potential use in immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suncica Kapor
- Clinical Hospital Center “Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje”, Department of Hematology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan F. Santibanez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, 8370993 Santiago, Chile
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Kapor S, Santibanez JF. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Myeloid Malignancies. J Clin Med 2021. [PMID: 34202907 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132788.pmid:34202907;pmcid:pmc8268878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid malignancies arise from an altered hematopoietic stem cell and mainly comprise acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative malignancies, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Myeloid neoplastic leukemic cells may influence the growth and differentiation of other hematopoietic cell lineages in peripheral blood and bone marrow. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) display immunoregulatory properties by controlling the innate and adaptive immune systems that may induce a tolerant and supportive microenvironment for neoplasm development. This review analyzes the main features of MDSCs and MSCs in myeloid malignancies. The number of MDSCs is elevated in myeloid malignancies exhibiting high immunosuppressive capacities, whereas MSCs, in addition to their immunosuppression contribution, regulate myeloid leukemia cell proliferation, apoptosis, and chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, MSCs may promote MDSC expansion, which may mutually contribute to the creation of an immuno-tolerant neoplasm microenvironment. Understanding the implication of MDSCs and MSCs in myeloid malignancies may favor their potential use in immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suncica Kapor
- Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", Department of Hematology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan F Santibanez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 8370993 Santiago, Chile
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