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Liu N, Tu J, Huang Y, Yang W, Wang Q, Li Z, Sheng C. Target- and prodrug-based design for fungal diseases and cancer-associated fungal infections. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114819. [PMID: 37024014 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are emerging as a serious threat to public health and are associated with high incidence and mortality. IFIs also represent a frequent complication in patients with cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy. However, effective and safe antifungal agents remain limited, and the development of severe drug resistance further undermines the efficacy of antifungal therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel antifungal agents to treat life-threatening fungal diseases, especially those with new mode of action, favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and anti-resistance activity. In this review, we summarize new antifungal targets and target-based inhibitor design, with a focus on their antifungal activity, selectivity, and mechanism. We also illustrate the prodrug design strategy used to improve the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles of antifungal agents. Dual-targeting antifungal agents offer a new strategy for the treatment of resistant infections and cancer-associated fungal infections.
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Wang X, Zhang W, Wu W, Wu S, Young A, Yan Z. Is Candida albicans a contributor to cancer? A critical review based on the current evidence. Microbiol Res 2023; 272:127370. [PMID: 37028206 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The association between Candida albicans (C. albicans) and cancer has been noticed for decades. Whether C. albicans infection is a complication of cancer status or as a contributor to cancer development remains to be discussed. This review systematically summarized the up-to-date knowledge about associations between C. albicans and various types of cancer, and discussed the role of C. albicans in cancer development. Most of the current clinical and animal evidence support the relationship between C. albicans and oral cancer development. However, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate the role of C. albicans in other types of cancer. Moreover, this review explored the underlying mechanisms for C. albicans promoting cancer. It was hypothesized that C. albicans may promote cancer progression by producing carcinogenic metabolites, inducing chronic inflammation, remodeling immune microenvironment, activating pro-cancer signals, and synergizing with bacteria.
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Huang Y, Liu N, Pan Z, Li Z, Sheng C. BET-HDAC Dual Inhibitors for Combinational Treatment of Breast Cancer and Concurrent Candidiasis. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1239-1253. [PMID: 36622852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is susceptible to Candida infections, and candidiasis has an enhancing effect on the progression and metastasis of tumor. Breast cancer and concurrent candidiasis represent a significant challenge in clinical therapy. Herein, a series of novel small molecule inhibitors simultaneously targeting bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) were designed for combinational treatment of breast cancer and resistant Candida albicans infections. Among them, compounds 13c and 17b exhibited excellent and balanced inhibitory activity against both BET family proteins BRD4 and HDAC1. As compared with BRD4 or HDAC1 inhibitors, dual inhibitors 13c and 17b displayed improved in vivo antitumor efficacy in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenograft models. Notably, they synergized with fluconazole (FLC) to effectively reduce the kidney fungal burden in a murine model of disseminated candidiasis. Thus, the BET-HDAC dual inhibitors represented a novel therapeutic strategy for combinational treatment of breast cancer and concurrent candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhi Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Xueren Road 2, Dali 671000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Chen SM, Zou Z, Qiu XR, Hou WT, Zhang Y, Fang W, Chen YL, Wang YD, Jiang YY, Shen H, An MM. The critical role of Dectin-1 in host controlling systemic Candida krusei infection. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:721-732. [PMID: 30899374 PMCID: PMC6413270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There are increasing invasive fungal infections associated with non-albicans, which causes mortal infections in immune deficiency population. Candida krusei is a major non-albicans that exhibits intrinsic resistance to fluconazole and makes clinical treatment difficult. Previous studies revealed that C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) Dectin-1 plays critical roles in host defense against C. albicans infections. C. krusei and C. albicans are phylogenetically different although in the same genus. Whether Dectin-1 contributes to host immune response against C. krusei infection is still unknown. In the present study, we explored the potential roles of the Dectin-1 in host defense against C. krusei. We found that Dectin-1 ligand β-(1,3)-glucan markedly exposed on the cell surface of C. krusei, while β-(1,3)-glucan of C. albicans is masked. Dectin-1 is required for host myeloid cells recognition, killing of C. krusei, and development of subsequent Th1 and Th17 cell-mediated adaptive immune response. Furthermore, Dectin-1-deficient mice (Dectin-1-/- ) are more susceptible to C. krusei infection. Together, we confirmed the important roles of Dectin-1 in host defense against C. krusei infection, demonstrating a previously unknown mechanism for C. krusei infection. Our study, therefore, provides a further understanding of host immune response against C. krusei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zui Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xi Ran Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tong Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yi Da Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ying Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Mao Mao An
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
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Chen SM, Shen H, Zhang T, Huang X, Liu XQ, Guo SY, Zhao JJ, Wang CF, Yan L, Xu GT, Jiang YY, An MM. Dectin-1 plays an important role in host defense against systemic Candida glabrata infection. Virulence 2017; 8:1643-1656. [PMID: 28658592 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1346756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida glabrata is the second most common pathogen of severe candidiasis in immunocompromised hosts, following C. albicans. Although C. glabrata and C. albicans belong to the same genus, they are phylogenetically distinct. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), acting as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), play critical roles in host defense against C. albicans infections. However, our understanding of the specific roles of CLRs in host defense against C. glabrata is limited. Here, we explored the potential roles of the C-type lectins Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 in host defense against C. glabrata. We found that both Dectin-1-deficient mice (Dectin-1-/-) and Dectin-2-deficient mice (Dectin-2-/-) are more susceptible to C. glabrata infection. Dectin-1confers host higher sensitivity for sensing C. glabrata infections, while the effect of Dectin-2 in the host defense against C. glabrata is infection dose dependent. Dectin-1 is required for host myeloid cells recognition, killing of C. glabrata, and development of subsequent Th1 and Th17 cell-mediated adaptive immune response. Significantly impaired inflammatory responses such as inflammatory cells recruitment and cytokines release that were induced by C. glabrata were manifested in Dectin-1-deficient mice. Together, our study demonstrates that Dectin-1 plays an important role in host defense against systemic Candida glabrata infections, indicating a previous unknown control mechanism for this particular type of infection in host. Our study, therefore, provides new insights into the host defense against C. glabrata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Min Chen
- a Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Hui Shen
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Teng Zhang
- a Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- c Department of Dermatology , Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Xiao Qi Liu
- a Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Shi Yu Guo
- a Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Jing Jun Zhao
- c Department of Dermatology , Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Chun Fang Wang
- d R&D Center of New Drug, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Lan Yan
- d R&D Center of New Drug, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Guo Tong Xu
- a Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Yuan Ying Jiang
- a Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China.,d R&D Center of New Drug, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Mao Mao An
- a Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Department of Pharmacology , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
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Setlhare G, Malebo N, Shale K, Lues R. Identification of airborne microbiota in selected areas in a health-care setting in South Africa. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:100. [PMID: 24750818 PMCID: PMC4016773 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of bio-aerosols in the spread of disease and spoilage of food has been described in numerous studies; nevertheless this information at South African hospitals is limited. Attributable to their size, bio-aerosols may be suspended in the air for long periods placing patients at risk of infection and possibly settling on surfaces resulting in food contamination. The aim of the study is to assess the microbial composition of the air in the kitchen and selected wards at a typical district hospital in South Africa. Air samples were collected using the settle plates and an SAS Super 90 air sampler by impaction on agar. These microbial samples were quantified and identified using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and Analytic Profile Index (API). RESULTS Microbial counts were found to be higher in the fourth (≤6.0 × 101 cfu/m(-3)) sampling rounds when compared to the first (≥2 cfu/m(-3)), second (≤3.0 × 101 cfu/m(-3)) and third (≤1.5 × 101 cfu/m(-3)) sampling rounds. Genera identified included Bacillus, Kocuria, Staphylococcus, Arthrobacter, Candida, Aureobasidium, Penicillium and Phoma amongst others. The presence of these pathogens is of concern, attributable to their ability to cause diseases in humans especially in those with suppressed host immunity defenses. Furthermore, fungal genera identified (e.g. Candida) in this study are also known to cause food spoilage and fungal infections in patients. CONCLUSION Results from this study indicate the importance of air quality monitoring in health-care settings to prevent possible hospital-acquired infections and contamination of hospital surfaces including food contact surfaces by airborne contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ntsoaki Malebo
- Department of Life Sciences, Unit for Applied Food Science and -Biotechnology, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X 20539, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
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Abdul Hafid SR, Chakravarthi S, Nesaretnam K, Radhakrishnan AK. Tocotrienol-adjuvanted dendritic cells inhibit tumor growth and metastasis: a murine model of breast cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74753. [PMID: 24069344 PMCID: PMC3777960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil is reported to possess anti-cancer and immune-enhancing effects. In this study, TRF supplementation was used as an adjuvant to enhance the anti-cancer effects of dendritic cells (DC)-based cancer vaccine in a syngeneic mouse model of breast cancer. Female BALB/c mice were inoculated with 4T1 cells in mammary pad to induce tumor. When the tumor was palpable, the mice in the experimental groups were injected subcutaneously with DC-pulsed with tumor lysate (TL) from 4T1 cells (DC+TL) once a week for three weeks and fed daily with 1 mg TRF or vehicle. Control mice received unpulsed DC and were fed with vehicle. The combined therapy of using DC+TL injections and TRF supplementation (DC+TL+TRF) inhibited (p<0.05) tumor growth and metastasis. Splenocytes from the DC+TL+TRF group cultured with mitomycin-C (MMC)-treated 4T1 cells produced higher (p<0.05) levels of IFN-γ and IL-12. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) assay also showed enhanced tumor-specific killing (p<0.05) by CD8(+) T-lymphocytes isolated from mice in the DC+TL+TRF group. This study shows that TRF has the potential to be used as an adjuvant to enhance effectiveness of DC-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitti Rahma Abdul Hafid
- Pathology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Nutrition Unit, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Srikumar Chakravarthi
- Pathology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Ammu Kutty Radhakrishnan
- Pathology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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