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Shao Z, Wang Y, He Y, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Li Q, Wang J. The high expression of ADRM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma is closely related to tumor immune infiltration and is regulated by miR-891a-5p. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14002. [PMID: 38890391 PMCID: PMC11189539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64928-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Although some progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the diagnosis and treatment of HCC is still facing great challenges because of the high mortality rate and poor prognosis of HCC. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between adhesion-regulating molecule1 (ADRM1), and liver cancer, and the relationship between prognoses. ADRM1 is highly expressed in tumors and is closely associated with the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. In our previous study, we found that ADRM1 was highly expressed in HCC and was closely related to tumor immune and immune checkpoint levels in HCC. We validated the immune expression of ADRM1 in liver cancer cells using flow cytometry. In hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, miR-891a-5p regulates ADRM1. Upregulation of miR-891a-5p upregulates ADRM1, and downregulation of miR-891a-5p downregulates ADRM1. It is suggested that ADRM1 plays a key role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. This study is expected to provide new ideas for the research and development of anti-HCC drugs targeting miR-891a-5p/ADRM1. However, further trials are needed to confirm these results and explore the actual results in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Shao
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuejun He
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yandong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mimi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of General Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 of Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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2
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Wu J, Sheng J, Qin H, Cui M, Yang Y, Zhang X. The Application Progress of Patient-Derived Tumor Xenograft Models After Cholangiocarcinoma Surgeries. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628636. [PMID: 34367944 PMCID: PMC8339899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment is the only possible cure for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) at present. However, the high recurrence rate of postoperative CCA leads to a very poor prognosis for patients, effective postoperative chemotherapy is hence the key to preventing the recurrence of CCA. The sensitivity of CCA to cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs and targeted drugs varies from person to person, and therefore, the screening of sensitive drugs has become an important topic after CCA surgeries. Patient-Derived tumor Xenograft models (PDX) can stably retain the genetic and pathological characteristics of primary tumors, and better simulate the tumor microenvironment of CCA. The model is also of great significance in screening therapeutic targeted drugs after CCA, analyzing predictive biomarkers, and improving signal pathways in prognosis and basic research. This paper will review the current established methods and applications of the patient-derived tumor xenograft model of cholangiocarcinoma, aiming to provide new ideas for basic research and individualized treatment of cholangiocarcinoma after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengying Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Soong RS, Anchoori RK, Roden RBS, Cho RL, Chen YC, Tseng SC, Huang YL, Liao PC, Shyu YC. Bis-benzylidine Piperidone RA190 treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma via binding RPN13 and inhibiting NF-κB signaling. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:386. [PMID: 32375699 PMCID: PMC7201939 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06896-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to GLOBOSCAN, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) claimed 782,000 lives in 2018. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor sofafenib is used to treat HCC, but new anticancer agents targeting different pathways are urgently needed to improve outcomes for patients with advanced disease. The aberrant metabolism and aggressive growth of cancer cells can render them particularly susceptible to proteasome inhibition, as demonstrated by bortezomib treatment of multiple myeloma. However, resistance does emerge, and this 20S proteasome inhibitor has not proven active against HCC. The bis-benzylidine piperidone RA190 represents a novel class of proteasome inhibitor that covalently binds to cysteine 88 of RPN13, an ubiquitin receptor subunit of the proteasome's 19S regulatory particle. RA190 treatment inhibits proteasome function, causing rapid accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins. Considerable evidence suggests that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling, which is dependent upon the proteasome, is a major driver of inflammation-associated cancers, including HCC. METHODS Human HCC cell lines were treated with titrations of RA190. The time course of endoplasmic reticulum stress and NF-κB-related mechanisms by which RA190 may trigger apoptosis were assessed. The therapeutic activity of RA190 was also determined in an orthotopic HCC xenograft mouse model. RESULTS RA190 is toxic to HCC cells and synergizes with sofafenib. RA190 triggers rapid accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins, unresolved endoplasmic reticulum stress, and cell death via apoptosis. RA190 blocks proteasomal degradation of IκBα and consequent release of NF-κB into the nuclei of HCC cells. Treatment of mice bearing an orthotopic HCC model with RA190 significantly reduced tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS RA190 has therapeutic activity in a xenograft model, and with sorafenib exhibited synergetic killing of HCC cells in vitro, suggesting further exploration of such a combination treatment of HCC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Shyang Soong
- Department of General Surgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Medical College Taoyuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.200, Ln 208, Jijin 1st Rd, Anle Dist, 204, Keelung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ravi K Anchoori
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard B S Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rou-Ling Cho
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.200, Ln 208, Jijin 1st Rd, Anle Dist, 204, Keelung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Chan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chieh Tseng
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.200, Ln 208, Jijin 1st Rd, Anle Dist, 204, Keelung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yun-Li Huang
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.200, Ln 208, Jijin 1st Rd, Anle Dist, 204, Keelung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Cheng Liao
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.200, Ln 208, Jijin 1st Rd, Anle Dist, 204, Keelung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.200, Ln 208, Jijin 1st Rd, Anle Dist, 204, Keelung City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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4
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Hemmis CW, Heard SC, Hill CP. Phosphorylation of Tyr-950 in the proteasome scaffolding protein RPN2 modulates its interaction with the ubiquitin receptor RPN13. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:9659-9665. [PMID: 31064842 PMCID: PMC6597823 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac119.008881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein substrates are targeted to the 26S proteasome through several ubiquitin receptors. One of these receptors, RPN13, is recruited to the proteasome by binding of its N-terminal pleckstrin-like receptor of ubiquitin (PRU) domain to C-terminal residues of the scaffolding protein RPN2. The RPN13 PRU domain is followed by a flexible linker and a C-terminal deubiquitylase adaptor (DEUBAD) domain, which recruits and activates the deubiquitylase UCH37. Both RPN13 and UCH37 have been implicated in human cancers, and inhibitors of the RPN2-RPN13 interaction are being developed as potential therapeutic anticancer agents. Our current study builds on the recognition that a residue central to the RPN2-RPN13 interaction, RPN2 Tyr-950, is phosphorylated in Jurkat cells. We found that the Tyr-950 phosphorylation enhances binding to RPN13. The crystal structure of the RPN2-RPN13 pTyr-950-ubiquitin complex was determined at 1.76-Å resolution and reveals specific interactions with positively charged side chains in RPN13 that explain how phosphorylation increases binding affinity without inducing conformational change. Mutagenesis and quantitative binding assays were then used to validate the crystallographic interface. Our findings support a model in which RPN13 recruitment to the proteasome is enhanced by phosphorylation of RPN2 Tyr-950, have important implications for efforts to develop specific inhibitors of the RPN2-RPN13 interaction, and suggest the existence of a previously unknown stress-response pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie C. Heard
- Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Christopher P. Hill
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and , To whom correspondence should be addressed:
Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5650. Fax:
801-581-7957; E-mail:
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5
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Jiang RT, Yemelyanova A, Xing D, Anchoori RK, Hamazaki J, Murata S, Seidman JD, Wang TL, Roden RBS. Early and consistent overexpression of ADRM1 in ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma. J Ovarian Res 2017; 10:53. [PMID: 28784174 PMCID: PMC5547474 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-017-0347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian carcinoma is highly dependent on the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), but its clinical response to treatment with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been disappointing. This has driven exploration of alternate approaches to target the UPS in ovarian cancer. Recently, proteasome inhibitors targeting the 19S regulatory particle-associated RPN13 protein have been described, such as RA190. RPN13, which is encoded by ADRM1, facilitates the recognition by the proteasome of its polyubiquinated substrates. Inhibition of RPN13 produces a rapid, toxic accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins in ovarian and other cancer cells, triggering apoptosis. Here, we sought to determine if RPN13 is available as a target in precursors of ovarian/fallopian tube cancer as well as all advanced cases, and the impact of increased ADRM1 gene copy number on sensitivity of ovarian cancer to RA190. Methods ADRM1 mRNA was quantified by RNAscope in situ hybridization and RPN13 protein detected by immunohistochemistry in high grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) of the ovary and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). Amplification of ADRM1 and sensitivity to RA190 were determined in ovarian cancer cell lines. Results Here, we demonstrate that expression of ADRM1mRNA is significantly elevated in STIC and HGSC as compared to normal fallopian tube epithelium. ADRM1 mRNA and RPN13 were ubiquitously and robustly expressed in ovarian carcinoma tissue and cell lines. No correlation was found between ADRM1 amplification and sensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines to RA190, but all were susceptible. Conclusions RPN13 can potentially be targeted by RA190 in both in situ and metastatic ovarian carcinoma. Ovarian cancer cell lines are sensitive to RA190 regardless of whether the ADRM1 gene is amplified. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13048-017-0347-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie T Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Anna Yemelyanova
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Deyin Xing
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Ravi K Anchoori
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Jun Hamazaki
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murata
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeffrey D Seidman
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Pathology, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Division of Gynecologic Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Richard B S Roden
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. .,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. .,Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
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6
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VanderLinden RT, Hemmis CW, Yao T, Robinson H, Hill CP. Structure and energetics of pairwise interactions between proteasome subunits RPN2, RPN13, and ubiquitin clarify a substrate recruitment mechanism. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9493-9504. [PMID: 28442575 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.785287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The 26S proteasome is a large cellular assembly that mediates the selective degradation of proteins in the nucleus and cytosol and is an established target for anticancer therapeutics. Protein substrates are typically targeted to the proteasome through modification with a polyubiquitin chain, which can be recognized by several proteasome-associated ubiquitin receptors. One of these receptors, RPN13/ADRM1, is recruited to the proteasome through direct interaction with the large scaffolding protein RPN2 within the 19S regulatory particle. To better understand the interactions between RPN13, RPN2, and ubiquitin, we used human proteins to map the RPN13-binding epitope to the C-terminal 14 residues of RPN2, which, like ubiquitin, binds the N-terminal pleckstrin-like receptor of ubiquitin (PRU) domain of RPN13. We also report the crystal structures of the RPN13 PRU domain in complex with peptides corresponding to the RPN2 C terminus and ubiquitin. Through mutational analysis, we validated the RPN2-binding interface revealed by our structures and quantified binding interactions with surface plasmon resonance and fluorescence polarization. In contrast to a previous report, we find that RPN13 binds ubiquitin with an affinity similar to that of other proteasome-associated ubiquitin receptors and that RPN2, ubiquitin, and the deubiquitylase UCH37 bind to RPN13 with independent energetics. These findings provide a detailed characterization of interactions that are important for proteasome function, indicate ubiquitin affinities that are consistent with the role of RPN13 as a proteasomal ubiquitin receptor, and have major implications for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T VanderLinden
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Casey W Hemmis
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Tingting Yao
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, and
| | - Howard Robinson
- the Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Christopher P Hill
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112,
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7
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Song Y, Ray A, Li S, Das DS, Tai YT, Carrasco RD, Chauhan D, Anderson KC. Targeting proteasome ubiquitin receptor Rpn13 in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2016; 30:1877-86. [PMID: 27118409 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is an effective therapy for relapsed and newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM); however, dose-limiting toxicities and the development of resistance can limit its long-term utility. Recent research has focused on targeting ubiquitin receptors upstream of 20S proteasome, with the aim of generating less toxic therapies. Here we show that 19S proteasome-associated ubiquitin receptor Rpn13 is more highly expressed in MM cells than in normal plasma cells. Rpn13-siRNA (small interfering RNA) decreases MM cell viability. A novel agent RA190 targets Rpn13 and inhibits proteasome function, without blocking the proteasome activity or the 19S deubiquitylating activity. CRISPR/Cas9 Rpn13-knockout demonstrates that RA190-induced activity is dependent on Rpn13. RA190 decreases viability in MM cell lines and patient MM cells, inhibits proliferation of MM cells even in the presence of bone marrow stroma and overcomes bortezomib resistance. Anti-MM activity of RA190 is associated with induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis and unfolded protein response-related apoptosis. MM xenograft model studies show that RA190 is well tolerated, inhibits tumor growth and prolongs survival. Combining RA190 with bortezomib, lenalidomide or pomalidomide induces synergistic anti-MM activity. Our preclinical data validates targeting Rpn13 to overcome bortezomib resistance, and provides the framework for clinical evaluation of Rpn13 inhibitors, alone or in combination, to improve patient outcome in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Song
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Ray
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D S Das
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y T Tai
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R D Carrasco
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Chauhan
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K C Anderson
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Network Biomarkers of Bladder Cancer Based on a Genome-Wide Genetic and Epigenetic Network Derived from Next-Generation Sequencing Data. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:4149608. [PMID: 27034531 PMCID: PMC4789422 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4149608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic and microRNA (miRNA) regulation are associated with carcinogenesis and the development of cancer. By using the available omics data, including those from next-generation sequencing (NGS), genome-wide methylation profiling, candidate integrated genetic and epigenetic network (IGEN) analysis, and drug response genome-wide microarray analysis, we constructed an IGEN system based on three coupling regression models that characterize protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs), gene regulatory networks (GRNs), miRNA regulatory networks (MRNs), and epigenetic regulatory networks (ERNs). By applying system identification method and principal genome-wide network projection (PGNP) to IGEN analysis, we identified the core network biomarkers to investigate bladder carcinogenic mechanisms and design multiple drug combinations for treating bladder cancer with minimal side-effects. The progression of DNA repair and cell proliferation in stage 1 bladder cancer ultimately results not only in the derepression of miR-200a and miR-200b but also in the regulation of the TNF pathway to metastasis-related genes or proteins, cell proliferation, and DNA repair in stage 4 bladder cancer. We designed a multiple drug combination comprising gefitinib, estradiol, yohimbine, and fulvestrant for treating stage 1 bladder cancer with minimal side-effects, and another multiple drug combination comprising gefitinib, estradiol, chlorpromazine, and LY294002 for treating stage 4 bladder cancer with minimal side-effects.
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A High Affinity hRpn2-Derived Peptide That Displaces Human Rpn13 from Proteasome in 293T Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140518. [PMID: 26466095 PMCID: PMC4605517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rpn13 is a proteasome ubiquitin receptor that has emerged as a therapeutic target for human cancers. Its ubiquitin-binding activity is confined to an N-terminal Pru (pleckstrin-like receptor for ubiquitin) domain that also docks it into the proteasome, while its C-terminal DEUBAD (DEUBiquitinase ADaptor) domain recruits deubiquitinating enzyme Uch37 to the proteasome. Bis-benzylidine piperidone derivatives that were found to bind covalently to Rpn13 C88 caused the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins as well as ER stress-related apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, including bortezomib-resistant multiple myeloma lines. We find that a 38-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminus of proteasome PC repeat protein hRpn2/PSMD1 binds to hRpn13 Pru domain with 12 nM affinity. By using NMR, we identify the hRpn13-interacting amino acids in this hRpn2 fragment, some of which are conserved among eukaryotes. Importantly, we find the hRpn2-derived peptide to immunoprecipitate endogenous Rpn13 from 293T cells, and to displace it from the proteasome. These findings indicate that this region of hRpn2 is the primary binding site for hRpn13 in the proteasome. Moreover, the hRpn2-derived peptide was no longer able to interact with endogenous hRpn13 when a strictly conserved phenylalanine (F948 in humans) was replaced with arginine or a stop codon, or when Y950 and I951 were substituted with aspartic acid. Finally, over-expression of the hRpn2-derived peptide leads to an increased presence of ubiquitinated proteins in 293T cells. We propose that this hRpn2-derived peptide could be used to develop peptide-based strategies that specifically target hRpn13 function in the proteasome.
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10
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Zhang J, Li C, Tang X, Lu Q, Sa R, Zhang H. High Concentrations of Atmospheric Ammonia Induce Alterations in the Hepatic Proteome of Broilers (Gallus gallus): An iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123596. [PMID: 25901992 PMCID: PMC4406733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of the poultry industry, ammonia, as a main contaminant in the air, is causing increasing problems with broiler health. To date, most studies of ammonia toxicity have focused on the nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract in mammals. However, few detailed studies have been conducted on the hepatic response to ammonia toxicity in poultry. The molecular mechanisms that underlie these effects remain unclear. In the present study, our group applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis to investigate changes in the protein profile change in hepatic tissue of broilers exposed to high concentrations of atmospheric ammonia, with the goal of characterizing the molecular mechanisms of chronic liver injury from exposure to high ambient levels of ammonia. Overall, 30 differentially expressed proteins that are involved in nutrient metabolism (energy, lipid, and amino acid), immune response, transcriptional and translational regulation, stress response, and detoxification were identified. In particular, two of these proteins, beta-1 galactosidase (GLB1) and a kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 8-like (AKAP8 L), were previously suggested to be potential biomarkers of chronic liver injury. In addition to the changes in the protein profile, serum parameters and histochemical analyses of hepatic tissue also showed extensive hepatic damage in ammonia-exposed broilers. Altogether, these findings suggest that longtime exposure to high concentrations of atmospheric ammonia can trigger chronic hepatic injury in broilers via different mechanisms, providing new information that can be used for intervention using nutritional strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jize Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Renna Sa
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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11
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Shenoy N. Is ADRM1 a Good Target for Cancer Therapy? Acta Haematol 2015; 134:86-7. [PMID: 25895922 DOI: 10.1159/000381658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Shenoy
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y., USA
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