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Timeus F. Noonan Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Adults: The Importance of a Correct Multidisciplinary Approach during Childhood. Acta Haematol 2021; 143:518-519. [PMID: 32155617 DOI: 10.1159/000506388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Timeus
- Department of Pediatrics, Chivasso Hospital, Turin, Italy,
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2
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Baltanás FC, Zarich N, Rojas-Cabañeros JM, Santos E. SOS GEFs in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188445. [PMID: 33035641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SOS1 and SOS2 are the most universal and widely expressed family of guanine exchange factors (GEFs) capable or activating RAS or RAC1 proteins in metazoan cells. SOS proteins contain a sequence of modular domains that are responsible for different intramolecular and intermolecular interactions modulating mechanisms of self-inhibition, allosteric activation and intracellular homeostasis. Despite their homology, analyses of SOS1/2-KO mice demonstrate functional prevalence of SOS1 over SOS2 in cellular processes including proliferation, migration, inflammation or maintenance of intracellular redox homeostasis, although some functional redundancy cannot be excluded, particularly at the organismal level. Specific SOS1 gain-of-function mutations have been identified in inherited RASopathies and various sporadic human cancers. SOS1 depletion reduces tumorigenesis mediated by RAS or RAC1 in mouse models and is associated with increased intracellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Since WT RAS is essential for development of RAS-mutant tumors, the SOS GEFs may be considered as relevant biomarkers or therapy targets in RAS-dependent cancers. Inhibitors blocking SOS expression, intrinsic GEF activity, or productive SOS protein-protein interactions with cellular regulators and/or RAS/RAC targets have been recently developed and shown preclinical and clinical effectiveness blocking aberrant RAS signaling in RAS-driven and RTK-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando C Baltanás
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer - IBMCC (CSIC-USAL) and CIBERONC, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Natasha Zarich
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC) and CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Rojas-Cabañeros
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC) and CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugenio Santos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer - IBMCC (CSIC-USAL) and CIBERONC, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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Yin HM, Yan LF, Liu Q, Peng Z, Zhang CY, Xia Y, Su D, Gu AH, Zhou Y. Activating transcription factor 3 coordinates differentiation of cardiac and hematopoietic progenitors by regulating glucose metabolism. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay9466. [PMID: 32494702 PMCID: PMC7202888 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay9466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The cardiac and hematopoietic progenitors (CPs and HPs, respectively) in the mesoderm ultimately form a well-organized circulation system, but mechanisms that reconcile their development remain elusive. We found that activating transcription factor 3 (atf3) was highly expressed in the CPs, HPs, and mesoderm, in zebrafish. The atf3 -/- mutants exhibited atrial dilated cardiomyopathy and a high ratio of immature myeloid cells. These manifestations were primarily caused by the blockade of differentiation of both CPs and HPs within the anterior lateral plate mesoderm. Mechanistically, Atf3 targets cebpγ to repress slc2a1a-mediated glucose utilization. The high rate of glucose metabolism in atf3 -/- mutants inhibited the differentiation of progenitors by changing the redox state. Therefore, atf3 could provide CPs and HPs with metabolic adaptive capacity to changes in glucose levels. Our study provides new insights into the role of atf3 in the coordination of differentiation of CPs and HPs by regulating glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li-Feng Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chi-Yuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dan Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ai-Hua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Corresponding author. (A.-H.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Corresponding author. (A.-H.G.); (Y.Z.)
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Kollek M, Müller A, Egle A, Erlacher M. Bcl-2 proteins in development, health, and disease of the hematopoietic system. FEBS J 2016; 283:2779-810. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kollek
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center of Freiburg; Germany
- Faculty of Biology; University of Freiburg; Germany
| | - Alexandra Müller
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center of Freiburg; Germany
| | - Alexander Egle
- Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research; 3rd Medical Department for Hematology; Paracelsus Private Medical University Hospital; Salzburg Austria
| | - Miriam Erlacher
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; University Medical Center of Freiburg; Germany
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Timing of the loss of Pten protein determines disease severity in a mouse model of myeloid malignancy. Blood 2016; 127:1912-22. [PMID: 26764354 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-646216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is an aggressive pediatric mixed myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN). JMML leukemogenesis is linked to a hyperactivated RAS pathway, with driver mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, NF1, PTPN11, or CBL genes. Previous murine models demonstrated how those genes contributed to the selective hypersensitivity of JMML cells to granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a unifying characteristic in the disease. However, it is unclear what causes the early death in children with JMML, because transformation to acute leukemia is rare. Here, we demonstrate that loss of Pten (phosphatase and tensin homolog) protein at postnatal day 8 in mice harboring Nf1 haploinsufficiency results in an aggressive MPN with death at a murine prepubertal age of 20 to 35 days (equivalent to an early juvenile age in JMML patients). The death in the mice was due to organ infiltration with monocytes/macrophages. There were elevated activities of protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in cells at physiological concentrations of GM-CSF. These were more pronounced in mice with Nf1 haploinsufficiency than in littermates with wild-type Nf1,but this model is insufficient to cause cells to be GM-CSF hypersensitive. This new model represents a murine MPN model with features of a pediatric unclassifiable mixed MDS/MPN and mimics many clinical manifestations of JMML in terms of age of onset, aggressiveness, and organ infiltration with monocytes/macrophages. Our data suggest that the timing of the loss of PTEN protein plays a critical role in determining the disease severity in myeloid malignancies. This model may be useful for studying the pathogenesis of pediatric diseases with alterations in the Ras pathway.
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Čizmárová M, Hlinková K, Bertok S, Kotnik P, Duba HC, Bertalan R, Poločková K, Košťálová Ľ, Pribilincová Z, Hlavatá A, Kovács L, Ilenčíková D. New Mutations Associated with Rasopathies in a Central European Population and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations. Ann Hum Genet 2015; 80:50-62. [PMID: 26607044 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We performed the genetic analysis of Rasopathy syndromes in patients from Central European by direct sequencing followed by next generation sequencing of genes associated with Rasopathies. All 51 patients harboured the typical features of Rasopathy syndromes. Thirty-five mutations were identified in the examined patients (22 in PTPN11, two in SOS1, one in RIT1, one in SHOC2, two in HRAS, three in BRAF, two in MAP2K1 and two in the NF1 gene). Two of them (p.Gly392Glu in the BRAF gene and p.Gln164Lys in the MAP2K1 gene) were novel with a potentially pathogenic effect on the structure of these proteins. Statistically significant differences in the presence of pulmonary stenosis (63.64% vs. 23.81%, P = 0.013897) and cryptorchidism (76.47% vs. 30%, P = 0.040224) were identified as the result of comparison of the prevalence of phenotypic features in patients with the phenotype of Noonan syndrome and mutation in the PTPN11 gene, with the prevalence of the same features in patients without PTPN11 mutation. Cryptorchidism as a statistically significant feature in our patients with PTPN11 mutation was not reported as significant in other European countries (Germany, Italy and Greece). The majority of mutations were clustered in exons 3 (45.45%), 8 (22.73%), and 13 (22.73%) of the PTPN11 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Čizmárová
- 2nd Department of Pediatrcs, University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - K Hlinková
- 2nd Department of Pediatrcs, University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - S Bertok
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Kotnik
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - H C Duba
- Department of Human Genetics, Women's and Children's Clinic, Linz, Austria
| | - R Bertalan
- Department od Pediatric Endocrinology, University Teaching Hospital, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - K Poločková
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital with Policlinic, Karviná, Czech Republic
| | - Ľ Košťálová
- 2nd Department of Pediatrcs, University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Z Pribilincová
- 2nd Department of Pediatrcs, University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A Hlavatá
- 2nd Department of Pediatrcs, University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - L Kovács
- 2nd Department of Pediatrcs, University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - D Ilenčíková
- 2nd Department of Pediatrcs, University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Human Genetics, Women's and Children's Clinic, Linz, Austria
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Peripheral blood cells from children with RASopathies show enhanced spontaneous colonies growth in vitro and hyperactive RAS signaling. Blood Cancer J 2015; 5:e324. [PMID: 26186557 PMCID: PMC4526778 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2015.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in genes coding for molecules involved in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway are the hallmarks of a newly classified family of autosomal dominant syndromes termed RASopathies. Myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs), in particular, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, can lead to potentially severe complications in children with Noonan syndrome (NS). We studied 27 children with NS or other RASopathies and 35 age-matched children as control subjects. Peripheral blood (PB) cells from these patients were studied for in vitro colony-forming units (CFUs) activity, as well as for intracellular phosphosignaling. Higher spontaneous growth of both burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) and CFU-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) colonies from RAS-mutated patients were observed as compared with control subjects. We also observed a significantly higher amount of GM-colony-stimulating factor-induced p-ERK in children with RASopathies. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that PB cells isolated from children suffering from NS or other RASopathies without MPD display enhanced BFU-E and CFU-GM colony formation in vitro. The biological significance of these findings clearly awaits further studies. Collectively, our data provide a basis for further investigating of only partially characterized hematological alterations present in children suffering from RASopathies, and may provide new markers for progression toward malignant MPD in these patients.
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Strullu M, Caye A, Lachenaud J, Cassinat B, Gazal S, Fenneteau O, Pouvreau N, Pereira S, Baumann C, Contet A, Sirvent N, Méchinaud F, Guellec I, Adjaoud D, Paillard C, Alberti C, Zenker M, Chomienne C, Bertrand Y, Baruchel A, Verloes A, Cavé H. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia and Noonan syndrome. J Med Genet 2014; 51:689-97. [PMID: 25097206 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants with Noonan syndrome (NS) are predisposed to developing juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) or JMML-like myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Whereas sporadic JMML is known to be aggressive, JMML occurring in patients with NS is often considered as benign and transitory. However, little information is available regarding the occurrence and characteristics of JMML in NS. METHODS AND RESULTS Within a large prospective cohort of 641 patients with a germline PTPN11 mutation, we identified MPD features in 36 (5.6%) patients, including 20 patients (3%) who fully met the consensus diagnostic criteria for JMML. Sixty percent of the latter (12/20) had severe neonatal manifestations, and 10/20 died in the first month of life. Almost all (11/12) patients with severe neonatal JMML were males. Two females who survived MPD/JMML subsequently developed another malignancy during childhood. Although the risk of developing MPD/JMML could not be fully predicted by the underlying PTPN11 mutation, some germline PTPN11 mutations were preferentially associated with myeloproliferation: 10/48 patients with NS (20.8%) with a mutation in codon Asp61 developed MPD/JMML in infancy. Patients with a p.Thr73Ile mutation also had more chances of developing MPD/JMML but with a milder clinical course. SNP array and whole exome sequencing in paired tumoral and constitutional samples identified no second acquired somatic mutation to explain the occurrence of myeloproliferation. CONCLUSIONS JMML represents the first cause of death in PTPN11-associated NS. Few patients have been reported so far, suggesting that JMML may sometimes be overlooked due to early death, comorbidities or lack of confirmatory tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Strullu
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Caye
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Julie Lachenaud
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Cassinat
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France Service de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Steven Gazal
- INSERM UMR_1137, IAME, Plateforme de Génétique constitutionnelle-Nord (PfGC-Nord), Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Odile Fenneteau
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Pouvreau
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Pereira
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Clarisse Baumann
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Contet
- Service d'Onco-Hématologie pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants de Brabois, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Sirvent
- Service d'Onco-Hématologie pédiatrique, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | | | - Isabelle Guellec
- Réanimation néonatale pédiatrique, Paris Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Dalila Adjaoud
- Service d'Onco-Hématologie pédiatrique, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Corinne Alberti
- Unité d'Epidémiolgie Clinique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France INSERM, U1123 et CIC-EC 1426, ECEVE, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christine Chomienne
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France Service de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Département d'Immunologie et Hématologie Pédiatrique, Institut d'Hémato-Oncologie Pédiatrique (IHOP), Lyon, France
| | - André Baruchel
- Service d'Hématologie pédiatrique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Alain Verloes
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France INSERM UMR_S1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Cavé
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris-Sorbonne-Cité, Paris, France Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
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