1
|
Khodadadi E, Mir SM, Memar MY, Sadeghi H, Kashiri M, Faeghiniya M, Jamalpoor Z, Sheikh Arabi M. Shelterin complex at telomeres: Roles in cancers. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
2
|
Berei J, Eckburg A, Miliavski E, Anderson AD, Miller RJ, Dein J, Giuffre AM, Tang D, Deb S, Racherla KS, Patel M, Vela MS, Puri N. Potential Telomere-Related Pharmacological Targets. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:458-484. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200109114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres function as protective caps at the terminal portion of chromosomes, containing
non-coding nucleotide sequence repeats. As part of their protective function, telomeres preserve genomic
integrity and minimize chromosomal exposure, thus limiting DNA damage responses. With
continued mitotic divisions in normal cells, telomeres progressively shorten until they reach a threshold
at a point where they activate senescence or cell death pathways. However, the presence of the enzyme
telomerase can provide functional immortality to the cells that have reached or progressed past
senescence. In senescent cells that amass several oncogenic mutations, cancer formation can occur due
to genomic instability and the induction of telomerase activity. Telomerase has been found to be expressed
in over 85% of human tumors and is labeled as a near-universal marker for cancer. Due to this
feature being present in a majority of tumors but absent in most somatic cells, telomerase and telomeres
have become promising targets for the development of new and effective anticancer therapeutics.
In this review, we evaluate novel anticancer targets in development which aim to alter telomerase
or telomere function. Additionally, we analyze the progress that has been made, including preclinical
studies and clinical trials, with therapeutics directed at telomere-related targets. Furthermore, we review
the potential telomere-related therapeutics that are used in combination therapy with more traditional
cancer treatments. Throughout the review, topics related to medicinal chemistry are discussed,
including drug bioavailability and delivery, chemical structure-activity relationships of select therapies,
and the development of a unique telomere assay to analyze compounds affecting telomere elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Berei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Adam Eckburg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Edward Miliavski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Austin D. Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Rachel J. Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Joshua Dein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Allison M. Giuffre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Diana Tang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Shreya Deb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Kavya Sri Racherla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Meet Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Monica Saravana Vela
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| | - Neelu Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Novel combination of tanshinone I and lenalidomide induces chemo-sensitivity in myeloma cells by modulating telomerase activity and expression of shelterin complex and its associated molecules. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2429-2439. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4409-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
4
|
Kim MK. Novel insight into the function of tankyrase. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6895-6902. [PMID: 30546421 PMCID: PMC6256358 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tankyrases are multifunctional poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases that regulate a variety of cellular processes, including Wnt signaling, telomere maintenance and mitosis regulation. Tankyrases interact with target proteins and regulate their interactions and stability through poly(ADP-ribosyl) ation. In addition to their roles in telomere maintenance and regulation of mitosis, tankyrase proteins regulate tumor suppressors, including AXIN, phosphatase and tensin homolog and angiomotin. Therefore, tankyrases may be effective targets for cancer treatment. Tankyrase inhibitors could affect a variety of carcinogenic pathways that promote uncontrolled proliferation, including Wnt, AKT, yes-associated protein, telomere maintenance and mitosis regulation. Recently, novel aspects of the function and mechanism of tankyrases have been reported, and a number of tankyrase inhibitors have been identified. A combination of conventional chemotherapy agents with tankyrase inhibitors may have synergistic anticancer effects. Therefore, it is expected that more advanced and improved tankyrase inhibitors will be developed, enabling novel therapeutic strategies against cancer and other tankyrase-associated diseases. The present review discusses tankyrase function and the role of tankyrase inhibitors in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang Y, Liang SH, Xiang LB, Han XT, Zhang W, Tang J, Wu XH, Zhang MQ. miR-218 promoted the apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma cells via suppression of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893317030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
6
|
Abstract
It is well known that a decreased expression or inhibited activity of telomerase in cancer cells is accompanied by an increased sensitivity to some drugs (e.g., doxorubicin, cisplatin, or 5-fluorouracil). However, the mechanism of the resistance resulting from telomerase alteration remains elusive. There are theories claiming that it might be associated with telomere shortening, genome instability, hTERT translocation, mitochondria functioning modulation, or even alterations in ABC family gene expression. However, association of those mechanisms, i.e., drug resistance and telomerase alterations, is not fully understood yet. We review the current theories on the aspect of the role of telomerase in cancer cells resistance to therapy. We believe that revealing/unravelling this correlation might significantly contribute to an increased efficiency of cancer cells elimination, especially the most difficult ones, i.e., drug resistant.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Jiang W, Liu X, Zhang Y. Tankyrase 2 (TNKS2) polymorphism associated with risk in developing non-small cell lung cancer in a Chinese population. Pathol Res Pract 2015; 211:766-71. [PMID: 26293798 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase Tankyrase 2 (TNKS2) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of developing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a Han Chinese population. METHODS Five-hundred NSCLC cases and 500 healthy controls were genotyped for four TNKS2 tagging SNPs (rs1538833, rs1538833, rs1340420, and rs1340420). The association between genotype and NSCLC risk was evaluated by computing the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using multivariate unconditional logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Individual alleles of the four TNKS2 SNPs were not associated with NSCLC risk in the studied Chinese population. However, patients carrying TNKS2 rs1340420 G/G and A/G genotypes were associated with a lower risk of developing NSCLC and adenocarcinoma (OR=0.14; 95% CI=0.02-1.15 and OR=0.11; 95% CI=0.03-0.91, respectively), whereas females patients homozygous for the TNKS2 rs1770474 T allele, a rare type, were associated with a higher risk of developing squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) (OR=4.67; 95% CI=0.87-25.01). CONCLUSION TNKS2 rs1340420 SNP was associated with lower NSCLC risk, whereas rs1770474 SNP was associated with higher SCC risk, suggesting that these two SNPs may be useful predictors of risk of developing NSCLC and SCC in this Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiaogu Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Haikarainen T, Krauss S, Lehtio L. Tankyrases: structure, function and therapeutic implications in cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 20:6472-88. [PMID: 24975604 PMCID: PMC4262938 DOI: 10.2174/1381612820666140630101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several cellular signaling pathways are regulated by ADP-ribosylation, a posttranslational modification catalyzed by members of the ARTD superfamily. Tankyrases are distinguishable from the rest of this family by their unique domain organization, notably the sterile alpha motif responsible for oligomerization and ankyrin repeats mediating protein-protein interactions. Tankyrases are involved in various cellular functions, such as telomere homeostasis, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, glucose metabolism, and cell cycle progression. In these processes, Tankyrases regulate the interactions and stability of target proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. Modified proteins are subsequently recognized by the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF146, poly-ubiquitinated and predominantly guided to 26S proteasomal degradation. Several small molecule inhibitors have been described for Tankyrases; they compete with the co-substrate NAD+ for binding to the ARTD catalytic domain. The recent, highly potent and selective inhibitors possess several properties of lead compounds and can be used for proof-of-concept studies in cancer and other Tankyrase linked diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lari Lehtio
- SFI-CAST Biomedical Innovation Center, Unit for Cell Signaling, Oslo University Hospital, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fan Z, Yu H, Cui N, Kong X, Liu X, Chang Y, Wu Y, Sun L, Wang G. ABT737 enhances cholangiocarcinoma sensitivity to cisplatin through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Exp Cell Res 2015; 335:68-81. [PMID: 25936772 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma responses weakly to cisplatin. Mitochondrial dynamics participate in the response to various stresses, and mainly involve mitophagy and mitochondrial fusion and fission. Bcl-2 family proteins play critical roles in orchestrating mitochondrial dynamics, and are involved in the resistance to cisplatin. Here we reported that ABT737, combined with cisplatin, can promote cholangiocarcinoma cells to undergo apoptosis. We found that the combined treatment decreased the Mcl-1 pro-survival form and increased Bak. Cells undergoing cisplatin treatment showed hyperfused mitochondria, whereas fragmentation was dominant in the mitochondria of cells exposed to the combined treatment, with higher Fis1 levels, decreased Mfn2 and OPA1 levels, increased ratio of Drp1 60kD to 80kD form, and more Drp1 located on mitochondria. More p62 aggregates were observed in cells with fragmented mitochondria, and they gradually translocated to mitochondria. Mitophagy was induced by the combined treatment. Knockdown p62 decreased the Drp1 ratio, increased Tom20, and increased cell viability. Our data indicated that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in the response of cholangiocarcinoma to cisplatin. ABT737 might enhance cholangiocarcinoma sensitivity to cisplatin through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and the balance within Bcl-2 family proteins. Furthermore, p62 seems to be critical in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqi Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Huimei Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ni Cui
- Bethune Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Yulei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lupo B, Trusolino L. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in cancer: old and new paradigms revisited. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:201-15. [PMID: 25026313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases actualized the biological concept of synthetic lethality in the clinical practice, yielding a paradigmatic example of translational medicine. The profound sensitivity of tumors with germline BRCA mutations to PARP1/2 blockade owes to inherent defects of the BRCA-dependent homologous recombination machinery, which are unleashed by interruption of PARP DNA repair activity and lead to DNA damage overload and cell death. Conversely, aspirant BRCA-like tumors harboring somatic DNA repair dysfunctions (a vast entity of genetic and epigenetic defects known as "BRCAness") not always align with the familial counterpart and appear not to be equally sensitive to PARP inhibition. The acquisition of secondary resistance in initially responsive patients and the lack of standardized biomarkers to identify "BRCAness" pose serious threats to the clinical advance of PARP inhibitors; a feeling is also emerging that a BRCA-centered perspective might have missed the influence of additional, not negligible and DNA repair-independent PARP contributions onto therapy outcome. While regulatory approval for PARP1/2 inhibitors is still pending, novel therapeutic opportunities are sprouting from different branches of the PARP family, although they remain immature for clinical extrapolation. This review is an endeavor to provide a comprehensive appraisal of the multifaceted biology of PARPs and their evolving impact on cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lupo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aredia F, Scovassi AI. Poly(ADP-ribose): a signaling molecule in different paradigms of cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:157-63. [PMID: 24976506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) results from the conversion of NAD(+) into ADP-ribose and the following addition of ADP-ribose units to form polymers, further bound to acceptor proteins; once post-translationally ADP-ribosylated, proteins could change their function in basic processes. Poly(ADP-ribosylation) is activated under critical situations represented by DNA damage and cellular stress, and modulated in different paradigms of cell death. The hallmarks of the main death processes, i.e. apoptosis, parthanatos, necroptosis and autophagy, will be described, focusing on the role of poly(ADP-ribose) as a signaling molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Aredia
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Ivana Scovassi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|