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Wang Y, Jin B, Wu X, Xing J, Zhang B, Chen X, Liu X, Wan X, Du S. Exploration of prognostic and treatment markers in hepatocellular carcinoma via GPCR-related genes analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29659. [PMID: 38694033 PMCID: PMC11058304 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the biggest family of signaling receptors, account for 34 % of all the drug targets approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It has been gradually recognized that GPCRs are of significance for tumorigenesis, but in-depth studies are still required to explore specific mechanisms. In this study, the role of GPCRs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was elucidated, and GPCR-related genes were employed for building a risk-score model for the prognosis and treatment efficacy prediction of HCC patients. Methods Patients' data on HCC were sourced from the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Japan (LIRI-JP) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, while GPCR-related genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Univariant and multivariant Cox regression analyses, as well as least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were performed with the aim of identifying differentially expressed GPCR-related genes and grouping patients. Differential expression and functional enrichment analyses were performed; protein-protein interaction (PPI) mechanisms were explored; hub genes and micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA)-target gene regulatory networks were constructed. The tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm was utilized to evaluate immune infiltration levels and genetic variations. Sensitivity to immunotherapy and common antitumor drugs was predicted via the database Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC). Results A GPCR-related risk score containing eight GPCR-related genes (atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3), C-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3), CCR7, frizzled homolog 5 (FZD5), metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8), hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A (HTR5A) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6)) was set up. In addition, patients were classified into groups with high and low risks. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited a worse prognosis but demonstrated a more favorable immunotherapy response rate compared with those in the low-risk group. Distinct sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs was observed. A clinical prediction model on the basis of GPCR-related risk scores was constructed. Areas under the curves (AUC) corresponding to one-, three- and five-year survival were 0.731, 0.765 and 0.731, respectively. Conclusions In this study, an efficient HCC prognostic prediction model was constructed by only GPCR-related genes, which are all potential targets for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Bao Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xiangan Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Xing
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Baoluhe Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokun Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xueshuai Wan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Shunda Du
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
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Li Y, Lin K, Ren X, Xu J, Yuan H, Bian L, He Y. Activated fibroblasts induce immune escape of TSCC through CCL25/AKT pathway. Oral Dis 2024; 30:448-461. [PMID: 36437627 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulating evidence suggests that activated fibroblasts are the key cells in the T-cell response to tumor immunosuppression. We attempted to investigate the effect of activated fibroblasts on PD-L1 expression and the related immune escape mechanism in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS Western blotting, qPCR, and other techniques were used to study the expression of PD-L1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells and the nude mouse model of transplanted tumors in vivo; clinical tissue samples were verified. In addition, we established a direct coculture model of T cells and tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells explore the mechanisms of immune escape. RESULTS We found that PDGF-BB induces fibroblast activation by facilitating the oversecretion of chemokine CCL25. Further analysis showed that CCL25 derived from activated fibroblasts activated the Akt signaling pathway to promote PD-L1 expression. The activated fibroblasts inhibited T-cell IFN-γ secretion through the CCL25/Akt/PD-L1 pathway, which indirectly inhibited T-cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Activated fibroblasts can induce the high expression of PD-L1 in the oral and tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Cal-27 via the CCL25/CCR9/p-Akt axis, to significantly inhibit the proliferation and IFN-γ secretion of T cells and promote the immune escape of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Li
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ken Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaobin Ren
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Haiming Yuan
- Department of Oral Prevention, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongwen He
- Department of Dental Research, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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3
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Kobayashi H, Asano T, Suzuki H, Tanaka T, Yoshikawa T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Establishment of a Sensitive Monoclonal Antibody Against Mouse CCR9 (C 9Mab-24) for Flow Cytometry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2023; 42:15-21. [PMID: 36516144 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9), also known as CD199, is one of chemokine receptors. The CC chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) is known to be the only ligand for CCR9. The CCR9-CCL25 interaction plays important roles in chemotaxis of lymphocytes and tumor cell migration. Therefore, CCR9-CCL25 axis is a promising target for tumor therapy and diagnosis. In this study, we established a sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against mouse CCR9 (mCCR9) using N-terminal peptide immunization method. The established anti-mCCR9 mAb, C9Mab-24 (rat immunoglobulin [IgG]2a, kappa), reacted with mCCR9-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary-K1 (CHO/mCCR9) and mCCR9-endogenously expressed cell line, RL2, through flow cytometry. Kinetic analyses using flow cytometry showed that the dissociation constants (KD) of C9Mab-24 for CHO/mCCR9 and RL2 cell lines were 6.0 × 10-9 M and 4.7 × 10-10 M, respectively. Results indicated that C9Mab-24 is useful for detecting mCCR9 through flow cytometry, thereby providing a possibility for targeting mCCR9-expressing cells in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiyori Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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4
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Saito M, Suzuki H, Harigae Y, Li G, Tanaka T, Asano T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. C 9Mab-1: An Anti-Mouse CCR9 Monoclonal Antibody for Immunocytochemistry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:120-124. [PMID: 35471047 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
C-C motif chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) is a G protein-coupled receptor, which is highly expressed in T-lymphocytes and different cancer cells. CCR9 aggravates immune diseases and cancer progression and is considered a biomarker and a therapeutic target of diseases. The development of specific monoclonal antibody (mAbs) for human CCR9 (hCCR9) is required to diagnose and treat immune diseases and cancers. Previously, we established the cell-based immunization and screening (CBIS) method, which does not need purified target proteins. Anti-hCCR9 mAb (clone C9Mab-1; mouse IgG1, kappa) was also developed using the CBIS method. C9Mab-1 is usable for flow cytometry against exogenously and endogenously expressing hCCR9. This study showed that C9Mab-1 and its recombinant antibody (recC9Mab-1) specifically detected exogenous hCCR9 stably overexpressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells and endogenous hCCR9 expressed in a human T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line MOLT-4 cells through immunocytochemistry. This study provides a new application of C9Mab-1 and recC9Mab-1 in immunocytochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Harigae
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Nanamiya R, Takei J, Asano T, Tanaka T, Sano M, Nakamura T, Yanaka M, Hosono H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Development of Anti-Human CC Chemokine Receptor 9 Monoclonal Antibodies for Flow Cytometry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2021; 40:101-106. [PMID: 34161159 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) belongs to the beta chemokine receptor family and is mainly distributed on the surface of immature T lymphocytes and enterocytes. This receptor is highly expressed in rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, type 2 diabetes, and various tumors. Therefore, more sensitive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) need to be developed to predict the prognosis of many high CCR9 expression diseases. Because CCR9 is a structurally unstable G protein-coupled receptor, it has been difficult to develop anti-CCR9 mAbs using the traditional method. This study developed anti-human CCR9 (hCCR9) mAbs for flow cytometry using a Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CBIS) method. Two mice were immunized with hCCR9-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells (CHO/hCCR9), and hybridomas showing strong signals from CHO/hCCR9 and no signals from CHO-K1 cells were selected by flow cytometry. We established an anti-hCCR9 mAb, C9Mab-1 (IgG1, kappa), which detected hCCR9 in MOLT-4 leukemia T lymphoblast cells and CHO/hCCR9 cells by flow cytometry. Our study showed that an anti-hCCR9 mAb was developed more rapidly by the CBIS method than the previous method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Nanamiya
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Hosono
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Morikawa R, Nakamoto N, Amiya T, Chu PS, Koda Y, Teratani T, Suzuki T, Kurebayashi Y, Ueno A, Taniki N, Miyamoto K, Yamaguchi A, Shiba S, Katayama T, Yoshida K, Takada Y, Ishihara R, Ebinuma H, Sakamoto M, Kanai T. Role of CC chemokine receptor 9 in the progression of murine and human non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2021; 74:511-521. [PMID: 33038434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The number of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing globally. Recently, specific chemokine receptors have garnered interest as therapeutic targets in NASH. This is the first report to examine the role of the C-C chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9)/C-C chemokine receptor ligand 25 (CCL25) axis, and to reveal its therapeutic potential in NASH. METHODS Patients with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) were recruited and their serum and hepatic chemokine expression was examined. Furthermore, wild-type (WT) and Ccr9-/- mice were fed a high-fat high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet for 24 weeks to establish NASH. RESULTS Serum CCL25, and hepatic CCR9 and CCL25 expression levels were increased in patients with NASH compared to healthy volunteers. Furthermore, Ccr9-/- mice were protected from HFHC diet-induced NASH progression both serologically and histologically. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that CCR9+CD11b+ inflammatory macrophages accumulated in the inflamed livers of HFHC diet-fed mice, while the number was reduced in Ccr9-/- mice. Consistent with human NASH livers, CCR9 was also expressed on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in mice with NASH, while CCR9-deficient HSCs showed less fibrogenic potential in vitro. Administration of a CCR9 antagonist hampered further fibrosis progression in mice with NASH, supporting its potential clinical application. Finally, we showed that CCR9 blockade attenuated the development of NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma in HF diet-fed mice injected with diethylnitrosamine. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the role of the CCR9/CCL25 axis on macrophage recruitment and fibrosis formation in a murine NASH model, providing new insights into therapeutic strategies for NASH. LAY SUMMARY Herein, we show that a specific chemokine axis involving a receptor (CCR9) and its ligand (CCL25) contributes to the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and carcinogenesis in humans and mice. Furthermore, treatment with a CCR9 antagonist ameliorates the development of steatohepatitis and holds promise for the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Morikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeru Amiya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Research Unit/Frontier Therapeutic Sciences, Soyaku, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Po-Sung Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzo Koda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Research Unit/Frontier Therapeutic Sciences, Soyaku, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Teratani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Miyairisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kurebayashi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihisa Ueno
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Taniki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Miyamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Miyairisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Shiba
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Katayama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rino Ishihara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Ebinuma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiie Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Xu B, Deng C, Wu X, Ji T, Zhao L, Han Y, Yang W, Qi Y, Wang Z, Yang Z, Yang Y. CCR9 and CCL25: A review of their roles in tumor promotion. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9121-9132. [PMID: 32401349 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines constitute a superfamily of small chemotactic cytokines with functions that are based on interactions with their corresponding receptors. It has been found that, among other functions, chemokines regulate the migratory and invasive abilities of cancer cells. Multiple studies have confirmed that chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) and its exclusive ligand, chemokine 25 (CCL25), are overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors and are closely associated with tumor proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration and drug resistance. This review evaluates recent advances in understanding the role of CCR9/CCL25 in cancer development. First, we outline the general background of chemokines in cancer and the structure and function of CCR9 and CCL25. Next, we describe the basic function of CCR9/CCL25 in the cancer process. Then, we introduce the role of CCR9/CCL25 and related signaling pathways in various cancers. Finally, future research directions are proposed. In general, this paper is intended to serve as a comprehensive repository of information on this topic and is expected to contribute to the design of other research projects and future efforts to develop treatment strategies for ameliorating the effects of CCR9/CCL25 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuehu Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yating Qi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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8
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Immunohistochemical staining with chemokine panel of non-specific colitis predicts future IBD diagnosis. Cytokine 2020; 127:154935. [PMID: 31770615 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Siracusano G, Tagliamonte M, Buonaguro L, Lopalco L. Cell Surface Proteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Bench to Bedside. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010041. [PMID: 31991677 PMCID: PMC7157713 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface proteins act as the go-between in carrying the information from the extracellular environment to the intracellular signaling proteins. However, these proteins are often deregulated in neoplastic diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma. This review discusses several recent studies that have investigated the role of cell surface proteins in the occurrence and progression of HCC, highlighting the possibility to use them as biomarkers of the disease and/or targets for vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Siracusano
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-022643-4957
| | - Maria Tagliamonte
- Cancer Immunoregulation Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS, “Fondazione Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Cancer Immunoregulation Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS, “Fondazione Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Lucia Lopalco
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
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Yang Z, Tao Y, Xu X, Cai F, Yu Y, Ma L. Bufalin inhibits cell proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via APOBEC3F induced intestinal immune network for IgA production signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2124-2131. [PMID: 30100060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate functions of APOBEC3F gene in biological process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and anti-tumor mechanisms of bufalin. METHODS Effect of APOBEC3F and bufalin on cell proliferation and migration abilities were evaluated by CCK-8, wounding healing tests and transwell assays in SK-Hep1 and Bel-7404 cells. Bioinformatic analysis were also used to compare APOBEC3F expression levels, detect coexpressed genes and enrichment of pathways. RESULTS APOBEC3F was overexpressed in tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissues in HCC patients. And, APOBEC3F promotes cell proliferation and migration in SK-Hep1 and Bel-7404 cells. Bufalin inhibits cell proliferation and migration and reduces APOBEC3F expression. GO and KEGG enrichment of APOBEC3F-coexpressed genes revealed that APOBEC3F might active intestinal immune network for IgA production signaling pathway, leading to malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells. Additionally, siAPOBEC3F could decrease pIgR, CCR9, CCR10 and CXCR4 protein levels. And, bufalin inhibits the pIgR, CCR9, CCR10 and CXCR4 protein expressions. CONCLUSIONS Bufalin inhibits cell proliferation and migration of HCC cells via APOBEC3F induced intestinal immune network for IgA production signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongguo Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, PR China; Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, PR China
| | - Yuquan Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, PR China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, PR China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, PR China; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, PR China.
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Wang C, Liu Z, Xu Z, Wu X, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Wei J. The role of chemokine receptor 9/chemokine ligand 25 signaling: From immune cells to cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2071-2077. [PMID: 30008902 PMCID: PMC6036326 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) and chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) are important regulators of migration, proliferation and apoptosis in leukocytes and cancer cells. Blocking of the CCR9/CCL25 signal has been demonstrated to be a potential novel cancer therapy. Research into CCR9 and CCL25 has revealed their associated upstream and downstream signaling pathways; CCR9 is regulated by several immunological factors, including NOTCH, interleukin 2, interleukin 4 and retinoic acid. NOTCH in particular, has been revealed to be a crucial upstream regulator of CCR9. Furthermore, proteins including matrix metalloproteinases, P-glycoprotein, Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin and Livin are regulated via phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B, which are in turn stimulated by CCR9/CCL25. This is a review of the current literature on the functions and signaling pathways of CCR9/CCL25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghuan Liu
- Department of Urology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dongyang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jianqin Wei
- The University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33136, USA
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Peng WT, Sun WY, Li XR, Sun JC, Du JJ, Wei W. Emerging Roles of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051366. [PMID: 29734668 PMCID: PMC5983678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among a great variety of cell surface receptors, the largest superfamily is G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors. GPCRs can modulate diverse signal-transduction pathways through G protein-dependent or independent pathways which involve β-arrestins, G protein receptor kinases (GRKs), ion channels, or Src kinases under physiological and pathological conditions. Recent studies have revealed the crucial role of GPCRs in the tumorigenesis and the development of cancer metastasis. We will sum up the functions of GPCRs—particularly those coupled to chemokines, prostaglandin, lysophosphatidic acid, endothelin, catecholamine, and angiotensin—in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of hepatoma cells and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in this review. We also highlight the potential avenues of GPCR-based therapeutics for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Peng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Wu-Yi Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Xin-Ran Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jia-Chang Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jia-Jia Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
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13
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Peng Z, Jiang M, Cai H, Chan T, Dong Z, Luo Y, Li ZP, Feng ST. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging combined with T1 mapping predicts the degree of differentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:625. [PMID: 27520833 PMCID: PMC4983030 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variable degrees of differentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)under Edmondson-Steiner grading system has been proven to be an independent prognostic indicator for HCC. Up till now, there has been no effective radiological method that can reveal the degree of differentiation in HCC before surgery. This paper aims to evaluate the use of Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging combined with T1 mapping for the diagnosis of HCC and assessing its degree of differentiation. METHODS Forty-four patients with 53 pathologically proven HCC had undergone Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI with T1 mapping before surgery. Out of the 53 lesions,13 were grade I, 27 were gradeII, and 13 were grade III. The T1 values of each lesion were measured before and at 20 min after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration (T1p and T1e). The absolute reduction in T1 value (T1d) and the percentage reduction (T1d %) were calculated. The one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation were used for comparisons between the T1 mapping values. RESULTS The T1d and T1d % of grade I, II and III of HCC was 660.5 ± 422.8ms、295.0 ± 99.6ms、276.2 ± 95.0ms and 54.0 ± 12.2 %、31.5 ± 6.9 %、27.7 ± 6.7 % respectively. The differences between grade Iand II, grade Iand III were statistically significant (p < 0.05), but there was no statically significant difference between grade II and III. The T1d % was the best marker for grading of HCC, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of -0.676. CONCLUSIONS T1 mapping before and after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration can predict degree of differentiation in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Peng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58th, The Second Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Mengjie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58th, The Second Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.,Department of Radiology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Huasong Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58th, The Second Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Tao Chan
- Medical Imaging Department, Union Hospital, Hong Kong, 18 Fu Kin Street, Tai Wai, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi Dong
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58th, The Second Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yanji Luo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58th, The Second Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zi-Ping Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58th, The Second Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Shi-Ting Feng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58th, The Second Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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14
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Xu Z, Mei F, Liu H, Sun C, Zheng Z. C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 9 Exacerbates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003342. [PMID: 27146447 PMCID: PMC4889199 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy is a major risk factor for heart failure, which is the leading cause of death worldwide. C‐C motif chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9), a subfamily of the G protein–coupled receptor supergene family, has been highlighted as an immunologic regulator in the development and homing of immune cells and in immune‐related diseases. Recently, CCR9 was found to be involved in the pathogenesis of other diseases such as cardiovascular diseases; however, the effects that CCR9 exerts in cardiac hypertrophy remain elusive. Methods and Results We observed significantly increased CCR9 protein levels in failing human hearts and in a mouse or cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model. In loss‐ and gain‐of‐function experiments, we found that pressure overload–induced hypertrophy was greatly attenuated by CCR9 deficiency in cardiac‐specific CCR9 knockout mice, whereas CCR9 overexpression in cardiac‐specific transgenic mice strikingly enhanced cardiac hypertrophy. The prohypertrophic effects of CCR9 were also tested in vitro, and a similar phenomenon was observed. Consequently, we identified a causal role for CCR9 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Mechanistically, we revealed a lack of difference in the expression levels of mitogen‐activated protein kinases between groups, whereas the phosphorylation of AKT/protein kinase B and downstream effectors significantly decreased in CCR9 knockout mice and increased in CCR9 transgenic mice after aortic binding surgery. Conclusions The prohypertrophic effects of CCR9 were not attributable to the mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway but rather to the AKT–mammalian target of rapamycin–glycogen synthase kinase 3β signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fanghua Mei
- Animal Experiment Center and Animal Biosafety Level-III Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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15
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Tu Z, Xiao R, Xiong J, Tembo KM, Deng X, Xiong M, Liu P, Wang M, Zhang Q. CCR9 in cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic targeting. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:10. [PMID: 26879872 PMCID: PMC4754913 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is currently one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is one of the most challenging major public health problems. The main challenges faced by clinicians in the management and treatment of cancer mainly arise from difficulties in early diagnosis and the emergence of tumor chemoresistance and metastasis. The structures of chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) and its specific ligand chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) have been elucidated, and, interestingly, a number of studies have demonstrated that CCR9 is a potential tumor biomarker in diagnosis and therapy, as it has been found to be highly expressed in a wide range of cancers. This expression pattern suggests that CCR9 may participate in many important biological activities involved in cancer progression. Researchers have shown that CCR9 that has been activated by its specific ligand CCL25 can interact with many signaling pathways, especially those involved in tumor chemoresistance and metastasis. This review, therefore, focuses on CCR9 induction activity and summarizes what is currently known regarding its role in cancers and its potential application in tumor-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Tu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Ruijing Xiao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Kingsley M Tembo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xinzhou Deng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Meng Xiong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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16
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Zhong Y, Jiang L, Lin H, Li B, Lan J, Liang S, Shen B, Lei Z, Zheng W. Expression of CC chemokine receptor 9 predicts poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:101. [PMID: 26168791 PMCID: PMC4501107 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis in various cancers. Our previous studies have shown the aberrant expression of CCR9 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, revealing that the CCR9-CCL25 axis modulates cell migration and invasion, and supports cancer cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and possible prognostic role of CCR9 in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis of CCR9 expression was performed on 144 lung adenocarcinoma tissues and 30 adjacent normal lung parenchymal tissues. We assessed the correlation of CCR9 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Results The expression of CCR9 was increased in lung adenocarcinoma tissue compared with normal lung tissue. Moreover, such an expression was positively correlated with tumor size (p = 0.032), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.002) and advanced TNM stage (p = 0.012). In addition, the patients with negative CCR9 expression exhibited a higher overall survival (OS) compared with those with positive CCR9 expression. Multivariate analysis showed that the CCR9 expression was an independent prognostic factor for the OS of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusions We, for the first time, reported that CCR9 could be beneficial in predicting lymph node metastasis, and it might act as a novel prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglong Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Lingyu Jiang
- Intensive Care Unit, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Baijun Li
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Jiao Lan
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Shengjing Liang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Zhenniu Lei
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Weiping Zheng
- Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, P.R. China.
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17
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Liang CM, Chen L, Hu H, Ma HY, Gao LL, Qin J, Zhong CP. Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:1390-1402. [PMID: 26052384 PMCID: PMC4450202 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i10.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine system consists of four different subclasses with over 50 chemokines and 19 receptors. Their functions in the immune system have been well elucidated and research during the last decades unveils their new roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The chemokines and their receptors in the microenvironment influence the development of HCC by several aspects including: inflammation, effects on immune cells, angiogenesis, and direct effects on HCC cells. Regarding these aspects, pre-clinical research by targeting the chemokine system has yielded promising data, and these findings bring us new clues in the chemokine-based therapies for HCC.
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Li B, Wang Z, Zhong Y, Lan J, Li X, Lin H. CCR9-CCL25 interaction suppresses apoptosis of lung cancer cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Med Oncol 2015; 32:66. [PMID: 25691296 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor-9 (CCR9) is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cell lines. However, the biological functions and the signals elicited by the interaction between CCR9 and its natural ligand CCL25 in NSCLC are unknown. Here, we selectively depleted CCR9 and inhibited CCR9-CCL25 interaction in NSCLC cells using small recombinant lentivirus-mediated miRNA, and investigated the tumorigenic effects in vitro and in vivo. Compromised CCR9-CCL25 interaction promoted apoptosis in NSCLC cells by activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt in vitro. In addition, we showed that CCR9-CCL25 interaction mediated the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in NSCLC cells, resulting in the up-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins, as well as the down-regulation of apoptotic proteins in a PI3K-/Akt-dependent manner. These CCR9-CCL25-mediated effects were abrogated in the presence of a PI3K inhibitor (wortmannin 10 nM) or by inhibiting the CCR9-CCL25 interaction through CCR9 silencing, which also suggested that the biological function of CCR9-CCL25 was mainly regulated by PI3K. In vivo studies also demonstrated a significantly lower tumor burden in mice receiving CCR9-silence cells than those in mice receiving control cells. Together, these data suggested that CCR9-CCL25 interaction induced tumorigenesis of NSCLC cells and that this induction might be accomplished through the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings may lead to a better understanding of the biological effects of CCR9-CCL25 interaction and provide clues for identifying novel therapeutic and preventive molecular markers for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baijun Li
- The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
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