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Xia Y, Wang D, Zhao H, Meng T, Jiang Q, Pan Z, Wang G, An T, Li B, Bi S, Wang H, Lu J, Liu H, Lin H, Lin C, Zheng Q, Li D. Silencing of tropomodulin 1 inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation and tumor growth by elevating karyopherin alpha 2-mediated autophagy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107327. [PMID: 39079577 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Evidence shows that tropomodulin 1 (TMOD1) is a powerful diagnostic marker in the progression of several cancer types. However, the regulatory mechanism of TMOD1 in tumor progression is still unclear. Here, we showed that TMOD1 was highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) specimens, and TMOD1-silencing inhibited cell proliferation by inducing autophagy in AML THP-1 and MOLM-13 cells. Mechanistically, the C-terminal region of TMOD1 directly bound to KPNA2, and TMOD1-overexpression promoted KPNA2 ubiquitylation and reduced KPNA2 levels. In contrast, TMOD1-silencing increased KPNA2 levels and facilitated the nuclear transfer of KPNA2, then subsequently induced autophagy and inhibited cell proliferation by increasing the nucleocytoplasmic transport of p53 and AMPK activation. KPNA2/p53 inhibitors attenuated autophagy induced by silencing TMOD1 in AML cells. Silencing TMOD1 also inhibited tumor growth by elevating KPNA2-mediated autophagy in nude mice bearing MOLM-13 xenografts. Collectively, our data demonstrated that TMOD1 could be a novel therapeutic target for AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xia
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Huijie Zhao
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Tingyi Meng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Qingling Jiang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Zhaohai Pan
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Guoli Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Tianyue An
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Bohan Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Sixue Bi
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Huikai Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Hongfu Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
| | - Defang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
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Chen Y, Li J, Ma J, Bao Y. ZNF143 facilitates the growth and migration of glioma cells by regulating KPNA2-mediated Hippo signalling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11097. [PMID: 37423952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The disordered expression of ZNF143 is closely related to the malignant progression of tumours. However, the basic control mechanism of ZNF143 in glioma has not yet been clarified. Therefore, we tried to find a new pathway to illustrate the function of ZNF143 in glioma. To explore the function of KPNA2 in the development of glioma, we used survival analysis by the Kaplan‒Meier method to assess the overall survival (OS) of patients with low and high KPNA2 expression in the TCGA and CGGA cohorts. Western blotting assays and RT‒PCR assays were utilized to determine the expression level of KPNA2 in glioma cells. The interaction between ZNF143 and KPNA2 was confirmed by ChIP assays. Proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assays, and migration was evaluated by wound healing and Transwell assays. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression level of YAP/TAZ was visualized using an immunofluorescence assay. The expression levels of LATS1, LATS2, YAP1, and p-YAP1 were determined. Patients with low KPNA2 expression showed a better prognosis than those with high KPNA2 expression. KPNA2 was found to be upregulated in human glioma cells. ZNF143 can bind to the promoter region of KPNA2. Downregulation of ZNF143 and KPNA2 can activate the Hippo signalling pathway and reduce YAP/TAZ expression in human glioma cells, thus inducing apoptosis of human glioma cells and weakening their proliferation, migration and invasion. In conclusion, ZNF143 mediates the Hippo/YAP signalling pathway and inhibits the growth and migration of glioma cells by regulating KPNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitao Li
- Department of Oncology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, 257034, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangchun Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yizhong Bao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China.
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Saikia M, Bhattacharyya DK, Kalita JK. Identification of Potential Biomarkers Using Integrative Approach: A Case Study of ESCC. SN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2023; 4:114. [PMID: 36573207 PMCID: PMC9769493 DOI: 10.1007/s42979-022-01492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a consensus-based approach that incorporates three microarray and three RNA-Seq methods for unbiased and integrative identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as potential biomarkers for critical disease(s). The proposed method performs satisfactorily on two microarray datasets (GSE20347 and GSE23400) and one RNA-Seq dataset (GSE130078) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Based on the input dataset, our framework employs specific DE methods to detect DEGs independently. A consensus based function that first considers DEGs common to all three methods for further downstream analysis has been introduced. The consensus function employs other parameters to overcome information loss. Differential co-expression (DCE) and preservation analysis of DEGs facilitates the study of behavioral changes in interactions among DEGs under normal and diseased circumstances. Considering hub genes in biologically relevant modules and most GO and pathway enriched DEGs as candidates for potential biomarkers of ESCC, we perform further validation through biological analysis as well as literature evidence. We have identified 25 DEGs that have strong biological relevance to their respective datasets and have previous literature establishing them as potential biomarkers for ESCC. We have further identified 8 additional DEGs as probable potential biomarkers for ESCC, but recommend further in-depth analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaswita Saikia
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028 India
| | - Dhruba K Bhattacharyya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028 India
| | - Jugal K Kalita
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA
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Liu J, Yang M, Zhao W, Zhou X. CCPE: cell cycle pseudotime estimation for single cell RNA-seq data. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:704-716. [PMID: 34931240 PMCID: PMC8789092 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudotime analysis from scRNA-seq data enables to characterize the continuous progression of various biological processes, such as the cell cycle. Cell cycle plays an important role in cell fate decisions and differentiation and is often regarded as a confounder in scRNA-seq data analysis when analyzing the role of other factors. Therefore, accurate prediction of cell cycle pseudotime and identification of cell cycle stages are important steps for characterizing the development-related biological processes. Here, we develop CCPE, a novel cell cycle pseudotime estimation method to characterize cell cycle timing and identify cell cycle phases from scRNA-seq data. CCPE uses a discriminative helix to characterize the circular process of the cell cycle and estimates each cell's pseudotime along the cell cycle. We evaluated the performance of CCPE based on a variety of simulated and real scRNA-seq datasets. Our results indicate that CCPE is an effective method for cell cycle estimation and competitive in various applications compared with other existing methods. CCPE successfully identified cell cycle marker genes and is robust to dropout events in scRNA-seq data. Accurate prediction of the cell cycle using CCPE can also effectively facilitate the removal of cell cycle effects across cell types or conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Liu
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, Shanghai 201804, China
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weiling Zhao
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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van der Watt PJ, Okpara MO, Wishart A, Parker MI, Soares NC, Blackburn JM, Leaner VD. Nuclear transport proteins are secreted by cancer cells and identified as potential novel cancer biomarkers. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:347-361. [PMID: 34591985 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified increased expression of members of the nuclear transport protein family in cancer cells. Recently, certain nuclear transport proteins have been reported to be secreted by cells and found in the serum. The aims of our study were to investigate the levels of multiple nuclear transport proteins secreted from cancer cells, and to determine their potential as diagnostic markers for cervical and oesophageal cancer. Mass spectrometry identified 10 nuclear transport proteins in the secretome and exosomes of cultured cancer cells, and Western blot analysis confirmed increased secreted levels in cancer cells compared to normal. To investigate their presence in patient serum, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed and revealed significantly increased levels of KPNβ1, CRM1, CAS, IPO5 and TNPO1 in cervical and oesophageal cancer patient serum compared to non-cancer controls. Significantly elevated KPNα2 and RAN levels were also identified in oesophageal cancer serum samples. Logistics regression analyses revealed IPO5 and TNPO1 to be the best performing individual candidate biomarkers in discriminating between cancer cases and controls. The combination of KPNβ1, CRM1, KPNα2, CAS, RAN, IPO5 and TNPO1 as a panel of biomarkers had the highest diagnostic capacity with an area under the curve of 0.944 and 0.963, for cervical cancer and oesophageal cancer, and sensitivity of 92.5% at 86.8% specificity and 95.3% sensitivity at 87.5% specificity, respectively. These results suggest that nuclear transport proteins have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for cervical and oesophageal cancers, with a combination of protein family members being the best predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline J van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michael O Okpara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrew Wishart
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Iqbal Parker
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nelson C Soares
- Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan M Blackburn
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Virna D Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,SAMRC Gynaecology Cancer Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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6
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Cui X, Jing X, Wu X, Xu J, Liu Z, Huo K, Wang H. Analyses of DNA Methylation Involved in the Activation of Nuclear Karyopherin Alpha 2 Leading to Identify the Progression and Prognostic Significance Across Human Breast Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6665-6677. [PMID: 32801900 PMCID: PMC7416187 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s261290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) is a nuclear import factor that plays a crucial role in nucleocytoplasmic transport, as well as cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in several cancers. However, the roles of KPNA2 in breast cancer as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. Materials and Methods To evaluate gene expression alterations during breast carcinogenesis, KPNA2 expression was analyzed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Oncomine analyses. The correlation between methylation and expression was analyzed using the MEXPRESS tool, UALCAN cancer database, and cBioPortal browser. Then, the expression and prognostic value of KPNA2 were investigated by our own breast cancer samples using RT-PCR. KPNA2 methylation level was detected by methylation-specific PCR. Results We obtained the following important results. (1) KPNA2 expression was significantly higher in breast cancer than normal samples and regulated by aberrant DNA hypomethylation of promoter region. (2) Among patients with breast cancer, those with higher KPNA2 expression had a lower survival rate. (3) The major mutation type of KPNA2 in breast cancer samples was missense mutation. (4) Homer1 was able to promote breast cancer progression may be through upregulating TPX2 expression. Conclusion Our findings suggest that aberrant DNA hypomethylation of promoter regions contributes to the aberrant expression of KPNA2 in breast cancer, which might be a potential indicator of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Cui
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Jing
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Province People's Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Hematology, 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Department of Hematology, 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Huo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Hematology, 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
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van der Watt PJ, Roden LC, Davis KT, Parker MI, Leaner VD. Circadian Oscillations Persist in Cervical and Esophageal Cancer Cells Displaying Decreased Expression of Tumor-Suppressing Circadian Clock Genes. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1340-1353. [PMID: 32503923 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence for a link between circadian clock disruption and cancer progression. In this study, the circadian clock was investigated in cervical and esophageal cancers, to determine whether it is disrupted in these cancer types. Oncomine datamining revealed downregulation of multiple members of the circadian clock gene family in cancer patient tissue compared with matched normal epithelium. Real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed significant downregulation of CLOCK, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1, CRY2, REV-ERBα, and RORα in esophageal tumor tissue. In cell line models, expression of several circadian clock genes was significantly decreased in transformed and cancer cells compared with noncancer controls, and protein levels were dysregulated. These effects were mediated, at least in part, by methylation, where CLOCK, CRY1, and RORα gene promoter regions were found to be methylated in cancer cells. Overexpression of CLOCK and PER2 in cancer cell lines inhibited cell proliferation and activation of RORα and REV-ERBα using agonists resulted in cancer cell death, while having a lesser effect on normal epithelial cells. Despite dysregulated circadian clock gene expression, cervical and esophageal cancer cells maintain functional circadian oscillations after Dexamethasone synchronization, as revealed using real-time bioluminescence imaging, suggesting that their circadian clock mechanisms are intact. IMPLICATIONS: This study is a first to describe dysregulated, yet oscillating, circadian clock gene expression in cervical and esophageal cancer cells, and knowledge of circadian clock functioning in these cancer types has the potential to inform chronotherapy approaches, where the timing of administration of chemotherapy is optimized on the basis of the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline J van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Laura C Roden
- School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Kate T Davis
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Iqbal Parker
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Virna D Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Han Y, Wang X. The emerging roles of KPNA2 in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 241:117140. [PMID: 31812670 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2, also known as importinα-1), a member of the nuclear transporter family, is involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway of a variety of tumor-associated proteins. Recent studies have found that KPNA2 is overexpressed in various cancers, which is associated with poor prognosis. In addition, it has been shown to promote tumor formation and progression by participating in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, immune response, and viral infection. It is indicated that KPNA2 also plays an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. Herein, we provide an overview of the function and mechanism of KPNA2 in cancer and the prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In the future, KPNA2 provides new ideas for the early diagnosis of malignant tumors, the development of molecularly targeted drugs, and prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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Fan X, Li Z, Wang X, Wang J, Hao Z. Silencing of KPNA2 inhibits high glucose-induced podocyte injury via inactivation of mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:1017-1023. [PMID: 31727365 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of apoptotic and autophagic function are characterized as the main pathogeneses of diabetic nephropathy (DN). It has been reported that Karyopherin Alpha 2 (KPNA2) contributes to apoptosis and autophagy in various cells, but its role in DN development remains unknown. The purpose of present study was to explore the function and underling mechanisms of KPNA2 in development of DN. In this study, 30 mM high glucose (HG)-evoked podocytes were used as DN model. The expression of KPNA2 was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot assays. The cell viability was tested by CCK-8 kit, the apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry assay, the apoptotic and the autophagy related genes was detected by Western blot. Our results indicated that KPNA2 was significantly increased after HG stimulation. Knockdown of KPNA2 inhibited apoptosis, and promoted cell viability and autophagy in HG-treated podocytes. In addition, silencing of KPNA2 deactivated mTORC1/p70S6K pathway activation via regulating SLC1A5. Further results demonstrated that activating mTORC1/p70S6K pathway strongly ameliorated the effect of KPNA2 on cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy. Therefore, our study suggested that knockdown of KPNA2 rescued HG-induced injury via blocking activation of mTORC1/p70S6K pathway by mediating SLC1A5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobao Fan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China; Nephrotic Hemodialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710068, China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- Nephrotic Hemodialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710068, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Nephrotic Hemodialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710068, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Nephrotic Hemodialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710068, China
| | - Zhiming Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China.
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Song H, Song J, Lu L, Li S. SNHG8 is upregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and directly sponges microRNA-411 to increase oncogenicity by upregulating KPNA2. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6991-7004. [PMID: 31695414 PMCID: PMC6717851 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s214881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The long noncoding RNA, small nucleolar RNA host gene 8 (SNHG8), is upregulated in multiple human cancer types. However, whether SNHG8 is aberrantly expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its biological functions have yet to be elucidated. Thus, we aimed to determine the expression status of SNHG8 in ESCC, explore the effects of SNHG8 on the oncogenicity of ESCC, and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. Methods SNHG8 expression in ESCC tissues and cell lines was determined via reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The actions of SNHG8 on the malignant characteristics of ESCC were explored using CCK-8 assay, flow-cytometric analysis, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and tumor xenografts in nude mice. Results SNHG8 expression was significantly higher in ESCC tissues and cell lines. High SNHG8 expression was revealed to closely correlate with primary tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastases, TNM stage, and worse overall survival among patients with ESCC. Functional investigation showed that ablation of SNHG8 notably restricted ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis in vitro and hindered tumor growth in vivo. In the meantime, SNHG8 acted as a molecular sponge of microRNA-411 (miR-411) in ESCC. Furthermore, miR-411 exerted a tumor-suppressive effect on ESCC cells, and karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) turned out to be a direct target gene of miR-411. Restoring KPNA2 expression neutralized the inhibitory effects of miR-411 overexpression on the malignant behaviors of ESCC cells. Moreover, silencing of miR-411 abrogated the influence of SNHG8 downregulation in ESCC cells. Conclusion SNHG8 may play oncogenic roles in the malignancy of ESCC by sponging miR-411 to increase KPNA2 expression. The SNHG8–miR-411–KPNA2 pathway may be a novel target for the treatment of patients with ESCC and offer potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxia Song
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianwei Lu
- Department of Imaging, Binhai Hospital, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 262737, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoubo Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Weifang Binhai Economic and Technological Development Zone, Weifang, Shandong 262737, People's Republic of China
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Wang P, Zhao Y, Liu K, Liu X, Liang J, Zhou H, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Xu N. Wip1 cooperates with KPNA2 to modulate the cell proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer via a p53-dependent manner. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15709-15718. [PMID: 31127650 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing incidence and mortality, the early diagnosis, specific targeted therapies, and prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC) attract more and more attention. Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) and karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) have been regarded as oncogenes in many cancers, including CRC. Wip1 dephosphorylates p53 to inactivate it. TP53 activator and Wip1 inhibitor downregulate KPNA2 expression. Therefore, we speculate that Wip1 may co-operate with KPNA2 to modulate CRC progression in a p53-dependent manner. Here, Wip1 and KPNA2 messenger RNA expression and protein levels are significantly increased in CRC tissues and cell lines and are positively correlated with each other. Wip1 silence increases p53 phosphorylation while decreases KPNA2 protein. Wip1 knockdown remarkably suppresses CRC cell proliferation and migration while KPNA2 overexpression exerts an opposing effect. KPNA2 overexpression could partially rescue Wip1 silence-inhibited CRC cell proliferation and migration. Finally, Wip1 interacts with KPNA2 to modulate the activation of AKT/GSK-3β signaling and metastasis-related factors. In summary, Wip1 could co-operate with KPNA2 to modulate CRC cell proliferation and migration, possibly via a p53-dependent manner, through downstream AKT/GSK-3β pathway. We provided a novel mechanism of Wip1 interacting with KPNA2, therefore modulating CRC cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kuijie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianghe Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Liang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Xu X, Zhang X, Xing H, Liu Z, Jia J, Jin C, Zhang Y. Importin-4 functions as a driving force in human primary gastric cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12638-12646. [PMID: 30861176 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Importin-4 (IPO4) is responsible for transporting histones H3 and H4 into the nucleus for chromatin assembly. But, the role of IPO4 in cancer, especially in gastric cancer (GC), has not been fully understood. We aim to determine the expression and function of IPO4 in GC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was used to study the association of IPO4 and GC using GEO data and the Kaplan-Meier plotter. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were used to determine the IPO4 level in GC cells and tissues. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to knockdown endogenous IPO4 expression in GC cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation and transwell assays were used to examine the effect of IPO4 on cell proliferation and migration. RESULTS IPO4 mRNA is overexpressed in GC tissues using bioinformatics analysis of three groups' transcriptome data, and high level of IPO4 is negatively correlated with poor long-term survival using the Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis. Western blot analysis further shows that IPO4 protein levels are also overexpressed in GC tissues and a number of GC cell lines. Endogenous IPO4 level can be inhibited by specific siRNA effectively. Importantly, CCK-8, colony formation, and transwell assays demonstrate that IPO4 knockdown by siRNA impairs GC cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that IPO4 contributes to GC progression and poor prognosis, and may function as a driving force in GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinchao Zhang
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaixin Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Institue of Cancer Prevention and Control Affiliated to Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jihui Jia
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyuan Jin
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Institute of Cancer Prevention and Control Affiliated to Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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13
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Müller T, Tolkach Y, Stahl D, Steiner S, Hauser S, Ellinger J, Rabien A, Ralla B, Jung K, Stephan C, Kristiansen G. Karyopherin Alpha 2 Is an Adverse Prognostic Factor in Clear-Cell and Papillary Renal-Cell Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 17:e167-e175. [PMID: 30448104 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) is involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transport system and is functionally involved in the pathogenesis of various solid tumors by the translocation of cancer associated cargo proteins. However, the role of KPNA2 in renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protein expression of KPNA2 in cancerous and healthy renal tissues to evaluate its prognostic value in RCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We assessed KPNA2 protein expression via immunohistochemistry in a well-characterized cohort of 240 RCC patients by using a quantitative image analysis software. In addition, we analyzed publicly available gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS A subgroup of clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) showed elevated protein expression levels of KPNA2. Most remarkably, we detected a correlation between high KPNA2 protein expression and shorter overall survival times as well as higher tumor stage and International Society of Urologic Pathology grade in ccRCC. However, the prognostic value of KPNA2 was not confirmed by multivariate Cox regression analysis when tested together with strong prognostic factors like tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, International Society of Urologic Pathology grade, and resection status. The results of the TCGA gene expression data analysis confirmed the prognostic value of KPNA2 in ccRCC. Additionally, KPNA2 expression was identified as an adverse factor in papillary RCC at the transcript level. CONCLUSION KPNA2 appears to be involved in the carcinogenesis of RCC and functions as a novel prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Müller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuri Tolkach
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Stahl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Steiner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Hauser
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Rabien
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ralla
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jung
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Stephan
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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14
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Vuorinen EM, Rajala NK, Ihalainen TO, Kallioniemi A. Depletion of nuclear import protein karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7) induces mitotic defects and deformation of nuclei in cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:325. [PMID: 29580221 PMCID: PMC5870926 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nucleocytoplasmic transport is a tightly regulated process carried out by specific transport machinery, the defects of which may lead to a number of diseases including cancer. Karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7), the newest member of the karyopherin alpha nuclear importer family, is expressed at a high level during embryogenesis, reduced to very low or absent levels in most adult tissues but re-expressed in cancer cells. Methods We used siRNA-based knock-down of KPNA7 in cancer cell lines, followed by functional assays (proliferation and cell cycle) and immunofluorescent stainings to determine the role of KPNA7 in regulation of cancer cell growth, proper mitosis and nuclear morphology. Results In the present study, we show that the silencing of KPNA7 results in a dramatic reduction in pancreatic and breast cancer cell growth, irrespective of the endogenous KPNA7 expression level. This growth inhibition is accompanied by a decrease in the fraction of S-phase cells as well as aberrant number of centrosomes and severe distortion of the mitotic spindles. In addition, KPNA7 depletion leads to reorganization of lamin A/C and B1, the main nuclear lamina proteins, and drastic alterations in nuclear morphology with lobulated and elongated nuclei. Conclusions Taken together, our data provide new important evidence on the contribution of KPNA7 to the regulation of cancer cell growth and the maintenance of nuclear envelope environment, and thus deepens our understanding on the impact of nuclear transfer proteins in cancer pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4261-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Vuorinen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina K Rajala
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu O Ihalainen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland.,Tampere Imaging Facility, BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland. .,Fimlab Laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
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15
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Wang CI, Yu CJ, Huang Y, Yi JS, Cheng HW, Kao HK, Lao WWK, Chang KP. Association of overexpressed karyopherin alpha 2 with poor survival and its contribution to interleukin-1β-induced matrix metalloproteinase expression in oral cancer. Head Neck 2018. [PMID: 29542209 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to elucidate the clinicopathological associations and molecular mechanisms of karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) progression. METHODS The KPNA2 expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 209 tissues and 181 saliva samples, respectively. The functions of KPNA2 in migration and invasion were examined in KPNA2-knowdown cells. The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The subcellular fraction was used to obtain the nuclear distribution of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). RESULTS The KPNA2 overexpression was associated with extranodal extension (P < .05) and poor disease-specific survival in patients with oral cavity SCC (P < .05). The salivary KPNA2 levels were elevated in patients with oral cavity SCC (P < .05). The KPNA2 knockdown reduced cell migration and invasion. This knockdown also suppressed the interleukin (IL)-1β-induced nuclear import of NF-κB and MMP (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9) transcription. CONCLUSION The KPNA2 overexpression is an independent biomarker for poor prognosis of oral cavity SCC and is required for MMP-mediated metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-I Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yenlin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Shan Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Wen Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Kai Kao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - William Wei-Kai Lao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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16
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Zhou LN, Tan Y, Li P, Zeng P, Chen MB, Tian Y, Zhu YQ. Prognostic value of increased KPNA2 expression in some solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:303-314. [PMID: 27974678 PMCID: PMC5352121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2), a member of the Karyopherin α family, has recently been reported to play an important role in tumor progression. However, the association between KPNA2 expression and prognosis in cancer remains controversial. So we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate whether expression of KPNA2 was associated with prognosis in patients with solid tumor. Methods/Findings 24 published eligible studies, including 6164 cases, were identified and included in this meta-analysis through searching of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. We found that KPNA2 expression was an independent predictor for the prognosis of solid tumor with primary outcome (overall survival [OS]: pooled HR=1.767, 95% CI=1.503-2.077, P<0.001) and secondary outcomes (time to recurrence [TTR], recurrence free survival [RFS] and progression free survival [PFS]). However, the association between KPNA2 overexpression and disease free survival [DFS] in solid tumors was not significant (pooled HR=1.653, 95% CI=0.903-3.029, P=0.104). Furthermore, the subgroup analysis revealed that KPNA2 overexpression was associated with poor OS in East-Asian patients and European patients, as well as patients with gastric and colorectal cancer. Conclusion KPNA2 expression may be a useful prognostic biomarker to monitor cancer prognosis. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Tan
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min-Bin Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Ya-Qun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
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17
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Wang CI, Chen YY, Wang CL, Yu JS, Chang YS, Yu CJ. mTOR regulates proteasomal degradation and Dp1/E2F1- mediated transcription of KPNA2 in lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:25432-42. [PMID: 27009856 PMCID: PMC5041915 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Karyopherin subunit alpha-2 (KPNA2) is overexpressed in various human cancers and is associated with cancer invasiveness and poor prognosis in patient. Nevertheless, the regulation of KPNA2 expression in cancers remains unclear. We herein applied epidermal growth factor (EGF) and five EGF receptor (EGFR)-related kinase inhibitors to investigate the role of EGFR signaling in KPNA2 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that EGFR signaling, particularly the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity was positively correlated with KPNA2 protein levels in NSCLC cells. The mTOR inhibitors and mTOR knockdown reduced the protein and mRNA levels of KPNA2 in NSCLC and breast cancer cells. Specifically, rapamycin treatment induced proteasome-mediated KPNA2 protein decay and attenuated the transcriptional activation of KPNA2 by decreasing Dp1/E2F1 level in vivo. Immunoprecipitation assay further revealed that KPNA2 physically associated with the phospho-mTOR/mTOR and this association was abolished by rapamycin treatment. Collectively, our results show for the first time that KPNA2 is transcriptionally and post-translationally regulated by the mTOR pathway and provide new insights into targeted therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-I Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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18
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Sheng C, Qiu J, He Z, Wang H, Wang Q, Guo Z, Zhu L, Ni Q. Suppression of Kpnβ1 expression inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation by abrogating nuclear transport of Her2. Oncol Rep 2017; 39:554-564. [PMID: 29251332 PMCID: PMC5783623 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most fatal diseases and poses critical health problems worldwide. However, its mechanisms remain unclear. Consequently, there is an urgency to investigate the mechanisms involved in BC initiation and progression and identify novel therapeutics for its prevention and treatment. In this study, we identified karyopherin β-1 (Kpnβ1) as a possible novel therapeutic target for BC. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of Kpnβ1 in four pairs of tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous tissues. The results revealed that the protein level of Kpnβ1 was higher in the cancer samples compared with those in the corresponding normal samples. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 140 BC cases and indicated that Kpnβ1 was significantly associated with clinical pathological variables. Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that high expression of Kpnβ1 was related to poor BC patient prognosis. A starvation and re-feeding assay was used to imitate the cell cycle using the SKBR-3 cell line, indicating that Kpnβ1 plays a critical role in cell proliferation. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay revealed that SKBR-3 cells treated with Kpnβ1-siRNA (siKpnβ1) grew more slowly than the control cells, while flow cytometry revealed that low-Kpnβ1 expressing SKBR-3 cells exhibited increased BC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the interaction between Kpnβ1 and Her2 was clearly observed by immunoprecipitation, indicating that Kpnβ1-knockdown abrogated nuclear transport of Her2. In summary, our findings revealed that Kpnβ1 is involved in the progression of BC and may be a useful therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zhixian He
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zengya Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Lianxin Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Lu'an People's Hospital Tumor Center, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, Anhui 237000, P.R. China
| | - Qichao Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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19
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Huang L, Zhou Y, Cao XP, Lin JX, Zhang L, Huang ST, Zheng M. KPNA2 is a potential diagnostic serum biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and correlates with poor prognosis. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28651492 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317706289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether serum karyopherin alpha 2 levels can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Karyopherin alpha 2 protein was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples from 162 epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients and 48 healthy controls. Serum karyopherin alpha 2 levels in epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients were significantly higher than in healthy controls ( p < 0.001). When a karyopherin alpha 2 serum level of 2.52 µg/mL was used as a cut-off, the sensitivity and specificity of the assay for diagnosing epithelial ovarian carcinoma were 71.4% and 81.2%, respectively. High serum karyopherin alpha 2 levels (>485 µg/mL) correlated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage ( p < 0.0001), lymphatic metastasis ( p = 0.045), overall survival ( p = 0.001), and disease-free progression ( p = 0.006). Serum karyopherin alpha 2 represents a potential diagnostic biomarker for epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Huang
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,3 Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,4 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ping Cao
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,4 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,5 Department of Radiation, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xin Lin
- 6 Department of Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,4 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Ting Huang
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,4 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zheng
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,4 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Liu Z, Zhang D, Sun C, Tao R, Xu X, Xu L, Cheng H, Xiao M, Wang Y. KPNA2 Contributes to the Inflammatory Processes in Synovial Tissue of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and SW982 Cells. Inflammation 2016; 38:2224-34. [PMID: 26135850 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Karyopherin-α2 (KPNA2) functions as an adaptor that transports several proteins to the nucleus. We investigated the function and possible mechanisms of KPNA2 involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed the protein expression of KPNA2 increased in synovial tissue of RA patients compared with the healthy controls. Double immunofluorescent staining indicated that KPNA2 co-localized with T cells, macrophage-like synoviocytes, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and neutrophils in synovial tissue of RA patients. Moreover, the expression of KPNA2 in SW982 cells was increased in a time-dependent manner in response to TNFα stimulation. Both Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining assay revealed the co-localization of KPNA2 and P65 and their translocation from cytoplasma in TNFα-treated SW982 cells. Furthermore, knocking down the expression of KPNA2 by siRNA inhibited TNFα-induced expression of IL-6, MMP-1, and MMP-13 and, more importantly, decreased the P65 phosphorylation in SW982 cells. We therefore suggested that KPNA2 may play a key role in the inflammation process of RA via NF-κB P65 signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbing Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chi Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinbao Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongbing Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Youhua Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Ostasiewicz B, Ostasiewicz P, Duś-Szachniewicz K, Ostasiewicz K, Ziółkowski P. Quantitative analysis of gene expression in fixed colorectal carcinoma samples as a method for biomarker validation. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:5084-92. [PMID: 27121919 PMCID: PMC4878534 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers have been described as the future of oncology. Modern proteomics provide an invaluable tool for the near-whole proteome screening for proteins expressed differently in neoplastic vs. healthy tissues. However, in order to select the most promising biomarkers, an independent method of validation is required. The aim of the current study was to propose a methodology for the validation of biomarkers. Due to material availability the majority of large scale biomarker studies are performed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, therefore these were selected for use in the current study. A total of 10 genes were selected from what have been previously described as the most promising candidate biomarkers, and the expression levels were analyzed with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using calibrator normalized relative quantification with the efficiency correction. For 6/10 analyzed genes, the results were consistent with the proteomic data; for the remaining four genes, the results were inconclusive. The upregulation of karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) and chromosome segregation 1-like (CSE1L) in colorectal carcinoma, in addition to downregulation of chloride channel accessory 1 (CLCA1), fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1), sodium channel, voltage gated, type VII α subunit (SCN7A) and solute carrier family 26 (anion exchanger), member 3 (SLC26A3) was confirmed. With the combined use of proteomic and genetic tools, it was reported, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, that SCN7A was downregulated in colorectal carcinoma at mRNA and protein levels. It had been previously suggested that the remaining five genes served an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis, however the current study provided strong evidence to support their use as biomarkers. Thus, it was concluded that combination of RT-qPCR with proteomics offers a powerful methodology for biomarker identification, which can be used to analyze FFPE samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Ostasiewicz
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław 50‑368, Poland
| | - Paweł Ostasiewicz
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław 50‑368, Poland
| | | | | | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław 50‑368, Poland
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Song KH, Jung SY, Kang SM, Kim MH, Ahn J, Hwang SG, Lee JH, Lim DS, Nam SY, Song JY. Induction of immunogenic cell death by radiation-upregulated karyopherin alpha 2 in vitro. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:219-27. [PMID: 27107455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests the potential for radiation therapy to generate antitumor immune responses against tumor cells by inducing immunogenic cell death and phenotypic changes. We recently found that ionizing radiation upregulated karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) in HT-29 colorectal tumor cells using quantitative proteomic analysis. To determine whether this increased KPNA2 could function as a damage-associated molecular pattern to induce antitumor immune responses, mouse bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were treated with KPNA2. KPNA2 enhanced the surface expression of CD40, CD54, CD80, CD86, and MHC class I/II on BMDCs. DCs treated with KPNA2 exhibited increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-α. Co-culture of CD4(+) T cells and KPNA2-treated DCs resulted in induction of Th1/17 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-17) and reduction of TGF-β production. Moreover, KPNA2-treated DCs were capable of increasing granzyme B and perforin expression in cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These results demonstrated that radiation-induced dying colorectal cancer cells released considerable amounts of KPNA2 that induce the maturation and activation of DCs for synergistic antitumor effect of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hee Song
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Youn Jung
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Mook Kang
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyoung Kim
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ahn
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seog Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seon Young Nam
- Low-Dose Radiation Research Team, Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Seoul 01450, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea.
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Stelma T, Chi A, van der Watt PJ, Verrico A, Lavia P, Leaner VD. Targeting nuclear transporters in cancer: Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:268-80. [PMID: 26970212 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Karyopherin superfamily is a major class of soluble transport receptors consisting of both import and export proteins. The trafficking of proteins involved in transcription, cell signalling and cell cycle regulation among other functions across the nuclear membrane is essential for normal cellular functioning. However, in cancer cells, the altered expression or localization of nuclear transporters as well as the disruption of endogenous nuclear transport inhibitors are some ways in which the Karyopherin proteins are dysregulated. The value of nuclear transporters in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer is currently being elucidated with recent studies highlighting their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Stelma
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alicia Chi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Pauline J van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Annalisa Verrico
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, C/O University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, C/O University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Virna D Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Upregulated Expression of Karyopherin α2 is Involved in Neuronal Apoptosis Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Adult Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 36:755-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Prognostic significance of SLC9A9 in patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6797-803. [PMID: 25835977 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival rate of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) patients is still dismal. Therefore, novel prognostic biomarkers are critically needed for patients with ESCC. SLC9A9 has been reported to be downregulated in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer; however, the correlations between SLC9A9 and ESCC prognosis are unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression and prognostic significance of SLC9A9 in resectable ESCC. Fresh frozen or paraffin-embedded samples were collected from 167 or 59 patients with resectable ESCC, respectively. The expression of SLC9A9 was assessed by reverse transcription and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (167 patients) and immunohistochemistry (61 patients). The expression of SLC9A9 was not associated with patient clinicopathological characteristics at both transcription and protein levels. The 5-year overall survival in the high SLC9A9 messenger RNA (mRNA) group (n = 106) was poorer than that in the low expression group (n = 61) (34.6 vs. 65.9 %, P < 0.001). Notably, higher SLC9A9 protein expression was also correlated with lower 5-year overall survival (33.1 vs. 66.5 %, P = 0.023). Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that SLC9A9 mRNA (HR, 2.41; 95 % CI, 1.47-3.97; P = 0.001) and protein (HR, 2.31; 95 %CI, 1.06-5.02; P = 0.034) were independent prognostic factors. In conclusion, the expression of SLC9A9 can be a prognostic predictor for ESCC.
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