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Jin L, Liu Y, Wu Y, Huang Y, Zhang D. REST Is Not Resting: REST/NRSF in Health and Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1477. [PMID: 37892159 PMCID: PMC10605157 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin modifications play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression. The repressor element-1 (RE1) silencing transcription factor (REST), also known as neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF) and X2 box repressor (XBR), was found to regulate gene transcription by binding to chromatin and recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes. Earlier studies revealed that REST plays an important role in the development and disease of the nervous system, mainly by repressing the transcription of neuron-specific genes. Subsequently, REST was found to be critical in other tissues, such as the heart, pancreas, skin, eye, and vascular. Dysregulation of REST was also found in nervous and non-nervous system cancers. In parallel, multiple strategies to target REST have been developed. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive summary of the research progress made over the past 28 years since the discovery of REST, encompassing both physiological and pathological aspects. These insights into the effects and mechanisms of REST contribute to an in-depth understanding of the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of genes and their roles in the development and progression of disease, with a view to discovering potential therapeutic targets and intervention strategies for various related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Dianbao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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2
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Perez Garcia G, Bicak M, Buros J, Haure-Mirande JV, Perez GM, Otero-Pagan A, Gama Sosa MA, De Gasperi R, Sano M, Gage FH, Barlow C, Dudley JT, Glicksberg BS, Wang Y, Readhead B, Ehrlich ME, Elder GA, Gandy S. Beneficial effects of physical exercise and an orally active mGluR2/3 antagonist pro-drug on neurogenesis and behavior in an Alzheimer's amyloidosis model. FRONTIERS IN DEMENTIA 2023; 2:1198006. [PMID: 39081972 PMCID: PMC11285632 DOI: 10.3389/frdem.2023.1198006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Modulation of physical activity represents an important intervention that may delay, slow, or prevent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD). One mechanism proposed to underlie the beneficial effect of physical exercise (PE) involves the apparent stimulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). BCI-838 is a pro-drug whose active metabolite BCI-632 is a negative allosteric modulator at group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2/3). We previously demonstrated that administration of BCI-838 to a mouse model of brain accumulation of oligomeric AβE22Q (APP E693Q = "Dutch APP") reduced learning behavior impairment and anxiety, both of which are associated with the phenotype of Dutch APP mice. Methods 3-month-old mice were administered BCI-838 and/or physical exercise for 1 month and then tested in novel object recognition, neurogenesis, and RNAseq. Results Here we show that (i) administration of BCI-838 and a combination of BCI-838 and PE enhanced AHN in a 4-month old mouse model of AD amyloid pathology (APP KM670/671NL /PSEN1 Δexon9= APP/PS1), (ii) administration of BCI-838 alone or with PE led to stimulation of AHN and improvement in recognition memory, (iii) the hippocampal dentate gyrus transcriptome of APP/PS1 mice following BCI-838 treatment showed up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), PIK3C2A of the PI3K-mTOR pathway, and metabotropic glutamate receptors, and down-regulation of EIF5A involved in modulation of mTOR activity by ketamine, and (iv) validation by qPCR of an association between increased BDNF levels and BCI-838 treatment. Conclusion Our study points to BCI-838 as a safe and orally active compound capable of mimicking the beneficial effect of PE on AHN and recognition memory in a mouse model of AD amyloid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Perez Garcia
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Mesude Bicak
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacqueline Buros
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Gissel M. Perez
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Alena Otero-Pagan
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Miguel A. Gama Sosa
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rita De Gasperi
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mary Sano
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fred H. Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
- BrainCells, Inc., La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Carrolee Barlow
- BrainCells, Inc., La Jolla, CA, United States
- E-Scape Bio, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joel T. Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Benjamin S. Glicksberg
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yanzhuang Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Benjamin Readhead
- Arizona State University-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gregory A. Elder
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Neurology Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Cognitive Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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The NRSF/REST transcription factor in hallmarks of cancer: From molecular mechanisms to clinical relevance. Biochimie 2023; 206:116-134. [PMID: 36283507 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST), or neuron restrictive silencing factor (NRSF), was first identified as a repressor of neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissue. Interestingly, this transcription factor may act as a tumor suppressor or an oncogenic role in developing neuroendocrine and other tumors in patients. The hallmarks of cancer include six biological processes, including proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis. In addition to two emerging hallmarks, the reprogramming of energy metabolism and evasion of the immune response are all implicated in the development of human tumors. It is essential to know the role of these processes as they will affect the outcome of alternatives for cancer treatment. Various studies in this review demonstrate that NRSF/REST affects the different hallmarks of cancer that could position NRSF/REST as an essential target in the therapy and diagnosis of certain types of cancer.
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Xue WJ, He CF, Zhou RY, Xu XD, Xiang LX, Wang JT, Wang XR, Zhou HG, Guo JC. High glucose and palmitic acid induces neuronal senescence by NRSF/REST elevation and the subsequent mTOR-related autophagy suppression. Mol Brain 2022; 15:61. [PMID: 35850767 PMCID: PMC9290252 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is a basic aging mechanism. Previous studies have found that the cellular senescence in adipose tissue and other tissues, such as the pancreas, muscle and liver, is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of type 2 diabetes; however, strong evidence of whether diabetes directly causes neuronal senescence in the brain is still lacking. In this study, we constructed a high glucose and palmitic acid (HGP) environment on PC12 neuronal cells and primary mouse cortical neurons to simulate diabetes. Our results showed that after HGP exposure, neurons exhibited obvious senescence-like phenotypes, including increased NRSF/REST level, mTOR activation and cell autophagy suppression. Downregulation of NRSF/REST could remarkably alleviate p16, p21 and γH2A.X upregulations induced by HGP treatment, and enhance mTOR-autophagy of neurons. Our results suggested that the diabetic condition could directly induce neuronal senescence, which is mediated by the upregulation of NRSF/REST and subsequent reduction of mTOR-autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jiao Xue
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Feng He
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Die Xu
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv-Xuan Xiang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Tao Wang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology of Huashan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Ru Wang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology of Huashan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hou-Guang Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Neurology of Huashan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Chun Guo
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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The Role of Zinc Finger Proteins in Various Oral Conditions. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:4612054. [PMID: 35463825 PMCID: PMC9033369 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4612054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The zinc finger proteins (ZNFs) are essential transcription factors, and the genes encoding them constitute about 3% of the entire human genome. They are involved in the development of several tissues, and any alterations in their structure may promote chronic conditions like diabetes and tumorigenesis. Lately, their role in the development, progression, and metastasis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), Epithelial Dysplasia, Oral Lichen Planus, and Periodontitis has been found. The present review aims to describe their role in various oral conditions. Electronic databases like Medline (PubMed) and Scopus were searched for original studies related to the role of ZNFs in various oral conditions. It yielded 48 studies included in the review. It was found that the ZNFs influenced chronic conditions like Oral Cancer and Periodontitis. They act both as tumor suppressors and oncogenes and have an anti-inflammatory effect. The knowledge from the present review may be utilized in designing drugs that prevent unusual expression of specific ZNFs. Besides, they may be applied as prognostic markers due to their high expression specificity in some tumors.
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Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhang C, Xu X, Xu J, Ren H, Shao X, Zhen X, Zhang L, Yu Y. Comprehensive Analysis of REST/NRSF Gene in Glioma and Its ceRNA Network Identification. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:739624. [PMID: 34859007 PMCID: PMC8631926 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.739624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We sought to clarify the clinical relationship between REST/NRSF expression and the prognosis of glioma and explore the REST-associated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in glioma. We downloaded RNA-seq, miRNA-seq and correlated clinical data of 670 glioma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas and analyzed the correlation between REST expression, clinical characteristics and prognosis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with DESeq2 and analyzed with Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) using the Profiler package. Starbase was used to explore the regulatory interaction between REST and miRNAs or LncRNAs. The lncRNA-miRNA-REST ceRNA network was constructed with Cytoscape. RT-qPCR, WB, CCK8, wound-healing, and luciferase assays were performed to validate the ceRNA network. Results showed that REST expression was significantly higher in glioma patients than normal samples. Higher REST expression was significantly associated with worse overall survival, progression-free interval, and worse disease-specific survival in glioma patients. The DEGs of mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA were identified, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed. Finally, REST-associated ceRNA networks, including NR2F2-AS1-miR129-REST and HOTAIRM1-miR137-REST, were experimentally validated. Thus, REST may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma, and its regulatory network validated in this study may provide insights into glioma's molecular regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zai Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanpeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxiang Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xueke Zhen
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbing Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Low REST Expression Indicates a Biomarker of Poor Prognosis in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6682758. [PMID: 33834072 PMCID: PMC8012131 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6682758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It was initially found that neural-restrictive silencer factor/repressor 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) is a transcriptional repressor of neuronal genes in nonneuronal cells. However, it is reported to be abundantly expressed in various types of aggressive cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the expression patterns of REST in renal cell carcinoma and found that its expression is lower in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. The chi-square test showed that the low REST expression was closely related to patients' clinicopathologic parameters, including the pathologic stage and survival status. ROC curve showed that REST had excellent clinical diagnostic prospect. In addition, patients with low REST expression had poor over survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that the low REST expression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma. Gene set enrichment analysis identified P53 pathway, reactive oxygen species pathway, glycolysis, DNA repair, cholesterol homeostasis, and MYC targets V2 enriched with low REST expression phenotype. These results suggested that REST may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma in clinical applications.
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Ma M, Zhou Y, Sun R, Shi J, Tan Y, Yang H, Zhang M, Shen R, Xu L, Wang Z, Fei J. STAT3 and AKT signaling pathways mediate oncogenic role of NRSF in hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:1063-1070. [PMID: 32556117 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF) is a zinc finger protein that acts as a negative transcriptional regulator by recruiting histone deacetylases and other co-factors. It plays a crucial role in nervous system development and is recently reported to be involved in tumorigenesis in a tumor type-dependent manner; however, the role of NRSF in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here, we found that NRSF expression was up-regulated in 27 of 49 human HCC tissue samples examined. Additionally, mice with conditional NRSF-knockout in the liver exhibited a higher tolerance against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced acute liver injury and were less sensitive to DEN-induced HCC initiation. Our results showed that silencing NRSF in HepG2 cells using RNAi technology significantly inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation and severely hindered their migration and invasion potentials. Our results demonstrated that NRSF plays a pivotal role in promoting DEN-induced HCC initiation via a mechanism related to the STAT3 and AKT signaling pathways. Thus, NRSF could be a potential therapeutic target for treating human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunhe Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Sports and Health Research Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ruilin Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, SMOC, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jiahao Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yutong Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ruling Shen
- Joint Laboratory for Model Organism, Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Leon Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhugang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, SMOC, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jian Fei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, SMOC, Shanghai 201318, China
- Joint Laboratory for Model Organism, Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China
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Zhang AP, Zhang YY, Liu AF, Wang K, Li C, Liu YE, Zhang YQ, Zhou J, Lv J, Jiang WJ. Molecular mechanism of long-term neuroprotective effects of gradual flow restoration on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in MCAO rats. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105041. [PMID: 32807453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ischemia-reperfusion injuries (IRIs) can aggravate the condition of some patients with acute occlusion of major intracranial artery (AOMIA) who received endovascular thrombectomy. Here, we provided data confirming the association of Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription factor (REST) with the long-term neuroprotective effect of the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats underwent Gradual Flow Restoration (GFR). METHODS Long term neuroprotective effects of GFR intervention were evaluated on MCAO rats model after 3d and 7d reperfusion. The neurological deficit score and TTC staining were performed to evaluate the degree of brain damage in GFR and other interventions at different time. Differentially expressed genes related to cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) were initially screened and identified using GSE32529 microarray analysis. REST protein expression in rat brain cortex infarction was detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS MCAO rats intervened with GFR exhibited reduced neurological deficit (P < 0.05) and alleviated brain infarction volume (P < 0.01). The REST gene with up-regulated expression and its downstream genes with down-regulated expression were screened by Microarray analysis. The brain cortex infarction in MCAO rats produced high levels of REST expression. The GFR intervention inhibited REST expression, and alleviated brain injury on MCAO rats. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that GFR intervention plays a long-term neuroprotective role and reduces brain edema and damage at reperfusion, possibly by inhibiting REST expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ping Zhang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123; The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China; Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Ao-Fei Liu
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Yun-E Liu
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Yi-Qun Zhang
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Jin Lv
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China; Central Laboratory of Research Department, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR china.
| | - Wei-Jian Jiang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123; The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China; Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute, The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, PR China.
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Xie X, Hanson C, Sinha S. Mechanistic interpretation of non-coding variants for discovering transcriptional regulators of drug response. BMC Biol 2019; 17:62. [PMID: 31362726 PMCID: PMC6664756 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of functional non-coding variants and their mechanistic interpretation is a major challenge of modern genomics, especially for precision medicine. Transcription factor (TF) binding profiles and epigenomic landscapes in reference samples allow functional annotation of the genome, but do not provide ready answers regarding the effects of non-coding variants on phenotypes. A promising computational approach is to build models that predict TF-DNA binding from sequence, and use such models to score a variant's impact on TF binding strength. Here, we asked if this mechanistic approach to variant interpretation can be combined with information on genotype-phenotype associations to discover transcription factors regulating phenotypic variation among individuals. RESULTS We developed a statistical approach that integrates phenotype, genotype, gene expression, TF ChIP-seq, and Hi-C chromatin interaction data to answer this question. Using drug sensitivity of lymphoblastoid cell lines as the phenotype of interest, we tested if non-coding variants statistically linked to the phenotype are enriched for strong predicted impact on DNA binding strength of a TF and thus identified TFs regulating individual differences in the phenotype. Our approach relies on a new method for predicting variant impact on TF-DNA binding that uses a combination of biophysical modeling and machine learning. We report statistical and literature-based support for many of the TFs discovered here as regulators of drug response variation. We show that the use of mechanistically driven variant impact predictors can identify TF-drug associations that would otherwise be missed. We examined in depth one reported association-that of the transcription factor ELF1 with the drug doxorubicin-and identified several genes that may mediate this regulatory relationship. CONCLUSION Our work represents initial steps in utilizing predictions of variant impact on TF binding sites for discovery of regulatory mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation. Future advances on this topic will be greatly beneficial to the reconstruction of phenotype-associated gene regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Xie
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Casey Hanson
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Mampay M, Sheridan GK. REST: An epigenetic regulator of neuronal stress responses in the young and ageing brain. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 53:100744. [PMID: 31004616 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional repressor REST (Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription factor) is a key modulator of the neuronal epigenome and targets genes involved in neuronal differentiation, axonal growth, vesicular transport, ion channel conductance and synaptic plasticity. Whilst its gene expression-modifying properties have been examined extensively in neuronal development, REST's response towards stress-induced neuronal insults has only recently been explored. Overall, REST appears to be an ideal candidate to fine-tune neuronal gene expression following different forms of cellular, neuropathological, psychological and physical stressors. Upregulation of REST is reportedly protective against premature neural stem cell depletion, neuronal hyperexcitability, oxidative stress, neuroendocrine system dysfunction and neuropathology. In contrast, neuronal REST activation has also been linked to neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Here, we highlight key findings and discrepancies surrounding our current understanding of REST's function in neuronal adaptation to stress and explore its potential role in neuronal stress resilience in the young and ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe Mampay
- Neuroimmunology & Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Graham K Sheridan
- Neuroimmunology & Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK.
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12
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Deng P, Zuo Y, Feng S, Li Z, Chen W, Li H, Wang X. Knockdown of NRSF inhibits cell proliferation of ovarian cancer via activating Hippo pathway. Life Sci 2018; 215:73-79. [PMID: 30391650 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ovarian cancer is the most leading cause of deaths among gynecologic malignancies, and Neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF) can be upregulated or downregulated according to the type of tumor. However, the expression and function of NRSF in ovarian cancer is still unknown. MAIN METHODS Expression of NRSF in normal ovary and ovarian cancer cells were evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). NRSF expression in normal ovary and ovarian cancer tissue samples were examined by qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). MTT, colony formation, anchorage-independent growth assay were applied to examine the effect of NRSF on ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) labeling and flow cytometry assay were carried out to investigate the role of NRSF on cell cycle of ovarian cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assay and western blotting, immunofluorescence labeling were devoted to explore the mechanism by which NRSF contributes to proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. KEY FINDINGS The results demonstrated that NRSF is significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer cells and tissues and negatively related with the survival of patients with ovarian cancer, and knockout of NRSF inhibit proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Further analysis showed that NRSF can influence G1/S transition of cell cycle via regulating the transcription of Hippo pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Herein, our study suggest that NRSF is associated with the progression of ovarian cancer, and NRSF may be a valuable early detection marker of ovarian cancer and inhibiting NRSF expression may be an effective method to treat ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China; Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Yan Zuo
- Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Shuxian Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Zongtao Li
- Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Huawen Li
- Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China; Department of Gynecology, The First Affliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
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Chen J, Jiang Y, Zhou J, Liu S, Qin N, Du J, Jin G, Hu Z, Ma H, Shen H, Dai J. Evaluation of CpG-SNPs in miRNA promoters and risk of breast cancer. Gene 2018; 651:1-8. [PMID: 29374520 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CpG-SNPs in gene promoter regions are proposed to be associated with multiple diseases. To date, few studies have focused on the associations between CpG-SNPs in miRNA promoters and the risk of breast cancer. In this study, 138 miRNAs differentially expressed between breast cancer and non-cancer tissues (fold change >2, P < 0.05) were identified using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research database. In total, 13 SNPs were selected in the promoters of the miRNAs and were evaluated in a case-control study of Chinese women including 1486 cases and 1519 controls. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that three CpG-SNPs: rs1190983, rs155247, and rs62382272, were significantly associated with breast-cancer susceptibility in the population (Additive model: rs1190983: adjusted OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.99, P = 0.034; rs155247: adjusted OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.93, P = 0.002; rs62382272: adjusted OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04-1.47, P = 0.016). eQTL analysis showed that these three SNPs were correlated with the expression of the related miRNAs in TCGA breast cancer tissues (P = 0.006,0.009,0.001 for rs1190983, rs155247, and rs62382272). Furthermore, rs1190983 was found to be associated with CpG site (cg20488673) methylation (meQTL) (P = 0.004), which was in turn correlated with miR-342 expression (P = 0.016). These findings indicated that the three CpG-SNPs in the promoters of miRNAs were likely to possess important biological functions to breast cancer in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Sijun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Qin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiangbo Du
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Bayram Y, White JJ, Elcioglu N, Cho MT, Zadeh N, Gedikbasi A, Palanduz S, Ozturk S, Cefle K, Kasapcopur O, Coban Akdemir Z, Pehlivan D, Begtrup A, Carvalho CM, Paine IS, Mentes A, Bektas-Kayhan K, Karaca E, Jhangiani SN, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Lupski JR, Lupski JR. REST Final-Exon-Truncating Mutations Cause Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 101:149-156. [PMID: 28686854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is the most common genetic form of gingival fibromatosis that develops as a slowly progressive, benign, localized or generalized enlargement of keratinized gingiva. HGF is a genetically heterogeneous disorder and can be transmitted either as an autosomal-dominant or autosomal-recessive trait or appear sporadically. To date, four loci (2p22.1, 2p23.3-p22.3, 5q13-q22, and 11p15) have been mapped to autosomes and one gene (SOS1) has been associated with the HGF trait observed to segregate in a dominant inheritance pattern. Here we report 11 individuals with HGF from three unrelated families. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed three different truncating mutations including two frameshifts and one nonsense variant in RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) in the probands from all families and further genetic and genomic analyses confirmed the WES-identified findings. REST is a transcriptional repressor that is expressed throughout the body; it has different roles in different cellular contexts, such as oncogenic and tumor-suppressor functions and hematopoietic and cardiac differentiation. Here we show the consequences of germline final-exon-truncating mutations in REST for organismal development and the association with the HGF phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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15
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Song Z, Shah SZA, Yang W, Dong H, Yang L, Zhou X, Zhao D. Downregulation of the Repressor Element 1-Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) Is Associated with Akt-mTOR and Wnt-β-Catenin Signaling in Prion Diseases Models. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:128. [PMID: 28515679 PMCID: PMC5413570 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of infectious diseases characterized by multiple neuropathological changes, yet the mechanisms that preserve function and protect against prion-associated neurodegeneration are still unclear. We previously reported that the repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) alleviates neurotoxic prion peptide (PrP106-126)-induced toxicity in primary neurons. Here we confirmed the findings of the in vitro model in 263K infected hamsters, an in vivo model of prion diseases and further showed the relationships between REST and related signaling pathways. REST was depleted from the nucleus in prion infected brains and taken up by autophagosomes in the cytoplasm, co-localizing with LC3-II. Importantly, downregulation of the Akt–mTOR and at least partially inactivation of LRP6-Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways correlated with the decreased levels of REST in vivo in the brain of 263K-infected hamsters and in vitro in PrP106-126-treated primary neurons. Overexpression of REST in primary cortical neurons alleviated PrP106-126 peptide-induced neuronal oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and partly inhibition of the LRP6-Wnt-β-catenin and Akt–mTOR signaling. Based on our findings, a model of REST-mediated neuroprotection in prion infected animals is proposed, with Akt–mTOR and Wnt-β-catenin signaling as the key pathways. REST-mediated neuronal survival signaling could be explored as a viable therapeutic target for prion diseases and related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Song
- The State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Syed Z A Shah
- The State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Haodi Dong
- The State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Lifeng Yang
- The State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Zhou
- The State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Deming Zhao
- The State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
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16
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miR-218 Involvement in Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Is Likely through Targeting REST. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060848. [PMID: 27258257 PMCID: PMC4926382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as key players in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, which is associated with significant risks of heart failure. However, many microRNAs are still not recognized for their functions in pathophysiological processes. In this study, we evaluated effects of miR-218 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy using both in vitro and in vivo models. We found that miR-218 was evidently downregulated in a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model. Overexpression of miR-218 is sufficient to reduce hypertrophy, whereas the suppression of miR-218 aggravates hypertrophy in primary cardiomyocytes induced by isoprenaline (ISO). In addition, we identified RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) as a novel target of miR-218; it negatively regulated the expression of REST in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and the TAC model. These results showed that miR-218 plays a crucial role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, likely via targeting REST, suggesting a potential candidate target for interfering hypertrophy.
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