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Ghosh C, Hu J, Kebebew E. Advances in translational research of the rare cancer type adrenocortical carcinoma. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:805-824. [PMID: 37857840 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy with an annual worldwide incidence of 1-2 cases per 1 million and a 5-year survival rate of <60%. Although adrenocortical carcinoma is rare, such rare cancers account for approximately one third of patients diagnosed with cancer annually. In the past decade, there have been considerable advances in understanding the molecular basis of adrenocortical carcinoma. The genetic events associated with adrenocortical carcinoma in adults are distinct from those of paediatric cases, which are often associated with germline or somatic TP53 mutations and have a better prognosis. In adult primary adrenocortical carcinoma, the main somatic genetic alterations occur in genes that encode proteins involved in the WNT-β-catenin pathway, cell cycle and p53 apoptosis pathway, chromatin remodelling and telomere maintenance pathway, cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway or DNA transcription and RNA translation pathways. Recently, integrated molecular studies of adrenocortical carcinomas, which have characterized somatic mutations and the methylome as well as gene and microRNA expression profiles, have led to a molecular classification of these tumours that can predict prognosis and have helped to identify new therapeutic targets. In this Review, we summarize these recent translational research advances in adrenocortical carcinoma, which it is hoped could lead to improved patient diagnosis, treatment and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiangnan Hu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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2
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El-Dakroury WA, Midan HM, Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, El-Husseiny AA, Fathi D, Abdelmaksoud NM, Abdel Mageed SS, Elballal MS, Zaki MB, Abd-Elmawla MA, Al-Noshokaty TM, Rizk NI, Elrebehy MA, Hashem AH, Moustafa YM, Doghish AS. miRNAs orchestration of adrenocortical carcinoma - Particular emphasis on diagnosis, progression and drug resistance. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154665. [PMID: 37418996 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon aggressive endocrine malignancy that is nonetheless associated with significant mortality and morbidity rates because of endocrine and oncological consequences. Recent genome-wide investigations of ACC have advanced our understanding of the disease, but substantial obstacles remain to overcome regarding diagnosis and prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) play a crucial role in the development and metastasis of a wide range of carcinomas by regulating the expression of their target genes through various mechanisms causing translational repression or messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation. Along with miRNAs in the adrenocortical cancerous tissue, circulating miRNAs are considered barely invasive diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of ACC. miRNAs may serve as treatment targets that expand the rather-limited therapeutic repertoire in the field of ACC. Patients with advanced ACC still have a poor prognosis when using the available treatments, despite a substantial improvement in understanding of the illness over the previous few decades. Accordingly, in this review, we provide a crucial overview of the recent studies in ACC-associated miRNAs regarding their diagnostic, prognostic, and potential therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829 Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231 Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231 Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | | | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
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3
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Midan HM, Helal GK, Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, El-Husseiny AA, Fathi D, Abdelmaksoud NM, Abdel Mageed SS, Elballal MS, Zaki MB, Abd-Elmawla MA, Al-Noshokaty TM, Rizk NI, Elrebehy MA, El-Dakroury WA, Hashem AH, Doghish AS. The potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of adrenocortical carcinoma - A focus on signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154690. [PMID: 37473498 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a highly malignant infrequent tumor with a dismal prognosis. microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are crucial in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation. Due to their ability to regulate multiple gene networks, miRNAs are central to the hallmarks of cancer, including sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, replicative immortality, induction/access to the vasculature, activation of invasion and metastasis, reprogramming of cellular metabolism, and avoidance of immune destruction. ACC represents a singular form of neoplasia associated with aberrations in the expression of evolutionarily conserved short, non-coding RNAs. Recently, the role of miRNAs in ACC has been examined extensively despite the disease's rarity. Hence, the current review is a fast-intensive track elucidating the potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ACC besides their association with the survival of ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Gouda Kamel Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11231, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt.
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | | | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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Karapanagioti A, Nasiri-Ansari N, Moustogiannis A, Trigas GC, Zografos G, Aggeli C, Kyriakopoulos G, Choreftaki T, Philippou A, Kaltsas G, Kassi E, Angelousi A. What is the role of CHCHD2 in adrenal tumourigenesis? Endocrine 2023:10.1007/s12020-023-03393-9. [PMID: 37221428 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE CHCHD2 is an antiapoptotic mitochondrial protein acting through the BCL2/BAX pathway in various cancers. However, data on the regulatory role of CHCHD2 in adrenal tumourigenesis are scarce. METHODS We studied the expression of CHCHD2, BCL2, and BAX in human adrenocortical tissues and SW13 cells. mRNA and protein levels were analyzed through qPCR and immunoblotting, respectively, in 16 benign adrenocortical neoplasms (BANs), along with their adjacent normal adrenal tissues (controls), and 10 adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs). BCL2/BAX mRNA expression was also analyzed in SW13 cells after CHCHD2 silencing. MTS, flow cytometry and scratch assays were performed to assess cell viability, apoptosis, and invasion, respectively. RESULTS BCL2 and CHCHCD2 mRNA and protein expression was increased in BANs compared to normal adrenal tissues whereas BAX was decreased. BAX and CHCHD2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in ACCs compared with either BANs or controls. Expression of the studied genes was not different among cortisol-secreting and nonfunctional ACAs. No significant association was found between genes' expression and other established prognostic markers of ACCs patients. In vitro analysis showed that CHCHD2 silencing resulted in reduced cell viability and invasion as well as increased SW13 cells apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS CHCHD2 expression seems to be implicated in adrenal tumourigenesis and its absence resulted to increased apoptosis in vitro. However, the exact mechanism of action and particularly its association with the BAX/BCL2 pathway needs to be further studied and evaluate whether it could be a protentional therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Karapanagioti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Narjes Nasiri-Ansari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Moustogiannis
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George C Trigas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Zografos
- 3rd Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Aggeli
- 3rd Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | | | - Theodosia Choreftaki
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Angelousi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Kumar V, Pandey A, Arora A, Gautam P, Bisht D, Gupta S, Chaurasia A, Sachan M. Diagnostics and Therapeutic Potential of miR-205 and miR-34a in Ovarian Cancer Management: A miRNA-Target-Based Analysis. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:151-162. [PMID: 36779980 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treatment strategies mainly focused on surgery combined with chemotherapy. Recent targeted therapy techniques emerge as milestone and could be used for management of ovarian cancer (OC) progression with more efficacy. The aim is to evaluate the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of microRNA (miRNA) in management of EOC using in silico and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) expression analysis. We performed functional enrichment and miRNA-Target genes expression analysis in 48 EOC and 22 normal tissue samples using qRT-PCR and correlated with miRNA expression data in matched samples to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNA in OC management. In silico functional enrichment analysis revealed miRNA association with disease. Target genes of miRNAs participate in several biologically important pathways leading to cancer progression. Targets of miRNA-205 and miRNA-34a were significantly downregulated, and upregulated, respectively, in EOC. Moreover, significant negative correlation between relative expression of miRNA-205 and target genes (BCL2, ZEB1, E2F1, and TP53) was observed with r = -0.813; r = -0.755; r = -0.559; and r = -0.767, respectively. Similarly, miRNA-34a also showed higher negative correlation with target genes (MDM4, MAPK3, BRCA1, AREG) with r = -0.840; r = -0.870; r = -0.622; and r = -0.623, respectively. In addition, receiver operating characteristics analysis of combined miRNA panel, miRNA-205-Target gene panel, and miRNA-34a-Target gene panel exhibited higher diagnostics value with area under the curve (AUC) of 92.7 (p < 0.0001), 94.8 (p < 0.0001), and 98.3 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Negative Correlation between miRNA and target genes expression data in matched samples highlights therapeutic potential of miRNA in EOC management. Moreover, combined diagnostic potential of miRNA-target gene panel could predict risk of EOC with higher AUC, sensitivity, and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Archana Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Arisha Arora
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Priyanka Gautam
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Deepa Bisht
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Amrita Chaurasia
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Motilal Nehru Medical College Allahabad, Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Manisha Sachan
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
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Detomas M, Pivonello C, Pellegrini B, Landwehr LS, Sbiera S, Pivonello R, Ronchi CL, Colao A, Altieri B, De Martino MC. MicroRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Adrenocortical Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:2234. [PMID: 35883677 PMCID: PMC9324008 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a type of genetic material that do not encode proteins but regulate the gene expression at an epigenetic level, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The role played by ncRNAs in many physiological and pathological processes has gained attention during the last few decades, as they might be useful in the diagnosis, treatment and management of several human disorders, including endocrine and oncological diseases. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive endocrine cancer, still characterized by high mortality and morbidity due to both endocrine and oncological complications. Despite the rarity of this disease, recently, the role of ncRNA has been quite extensively evaluated in ACC. In order to better explore the role of the ncRNA in human ACC, this review summarizes the current knowledge on ncRNA dysregulation in ACC and its potential role in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Detomas
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.D.); (L.-S.L.); (S.S.); (C.L.R.); (B.A.)
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (B.P.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Bianca Pellegrini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (B.P.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Laura-Sophie Landwehr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.D.); (L.-S.L.); (S.S.); (C.L.R.); (B.A.)
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.D.); (L.-S.L.); (S.S.); (C.L.R.); (B.A.)
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (B.P.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
- Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina L. Ronchi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.D.); (L.-S.L.); (S.S.); (C.L.R.); (B.A.)
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (B.P.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
- Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.D.); (L.-S.L.); (S.S.); (C.L.R.); (B.A.)
| | - Maria Cristina De Martino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (B.P.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
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7
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Turai PI, Herold Z, Nyirő G, Borka K, Micsik T, Tőke J, Szücs N, Tóth M, Patócs A, Igaz P. Tissue miRNA Combinations for the Differential Diagnosis of Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Adenoma Established by Artificial Intelligence. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040895. [PMID: 35205648 PMCID: PMC8870702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The histological differential diagnosis of adrenocortical adenoma and carcinoma is difficult and requires great expertise. MiRNAs were shown to be useful for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors of several organs, and several findings have suggested their utility in adrenocortical tumors as well. Here, we have selected tissue miRNAs based on the literature search, and used machine learning to identify novel clinically applicable miRNA combinations. Combinations with high sensitivity and specificity (both over 90%) have been identified that could be promising for clinical use. Besides being a useful adjunct to histological examination, these miRNA combinations could enable preoperative adrenal biopsy in patients with adrenal tumors suspicious for malignancy. Abstract The histological analysis of adrenal tumors is difficult and requires great expertise. Tissue microRNA (miRNA) expression is distinct between benign and malignant tumors of several organs and can be useful for diagnostic purposes. MiRNAs are stable and their expression can be reliably reproduced from archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks. Our purpose was to assess the potential applicability of combinations of literature-based miRNAs as markers of adrenocortical malignancy. Archived FFPE tissue samples from 10 adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), 10 adrenocortical adenoma (ACA) and 10 normal adrenal cortex samples were analyzed in a discovery cohort, while 21 ACC and 22 ACA patients were studied in a blind manner in the validation cohort. The expression of miRNA was determined by RT-qPCR. Machine learning and neural network-based methods were used to find the best performing miRNA combination models. To evaluate diagnostic applicability, ROC-analysis was performed. We have identified three miRNA combinations (hsa-miR-195 + hsa-miR-210 + hsa-miR-503; hsa-miR-210 + hsa-miR-375 + hsa-miR-503 and hsa-miR-210 + hsa-miR-483-5p + hsa-miR-503) as unexpectedly good predictors to determine adrenocortical malignancy with sensitivity and specificity both of over 90%. These miRNA panels can supplement the histological examination of removed tumors and could even be performed from small volume adrenal biopsy samples preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter István Turai
- Department of Endocrinology, ENS@T Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary; (P.I.T.); (G.N.); (J.T.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Herold
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Gábor Nyirő
- Department of Endocrinology, ENS@T Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary; (P.I.T.); (G.N.); (J.T.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Katalin Borka
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, H-1091 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Micsik
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Judit Tőke
- Department of Endocrinology, ENS@T Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary; (P.I.T.); (G.N.); (J.T.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolette Szücs
- Department of Endocrinology, ENS@T Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary; (P.I.T.); (G.N.); (J.T.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Tóth
- Department of Endocrinology, ENS@T Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary; (P.I.T.); (G.N.); (J.T.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
- MTA-SE Hereditary Tumors Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Igaz
- Department of Endocrinology, ENS@T Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary; (P.I.T.); (G.N.); (J.T.); (N.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-1-266-0816
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8
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The Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Role of miRNAs in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111501. [PMID: 34829730 PMCID: PMC8614733 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with a dismal prognosis and a high rate of recurrence and mortality. Therapeutic options are limited. In some cases, the distinction of ACCs from benign adrenal neoplasms with the existing widely available pathological and histopathological tools is difficult. Thus, new biomarkers have been tested. We conducted a review of the recent literature on the advances of the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic role of miRNAs on ACC patients. More than 10 miRNAs validated by multiple studies were found to present a diagnostic and prognostic role for ACC patients, from which miR-483-5p and miR-195 were the most frequently met biomarkers. In particular, upregulation of miR-483-5p and downregulation of miR-195 were the most commonly validated molecular alterations. Unfortunately, data on the therapeutic role of miRNA are still scarce and limited mainly at the experimental level. Thus, the role of miRNA regulation in ACC remains an area of active research.
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9
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Chehade M, Bullock M, Glover A, Hutvagner G, Sidhu S. Key MicroRNA's and Their Targetome in Adrenocortical Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2198. [PMID: 32781574 PMCID: PMC7465134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited response to available systemic therapies. Although complete surgical resection gives the best chance for long-term survival, ACC has a two-year recurrence rate of 50%, which poses a therapeutic challenge. High throughput analyses focused on characterizing the molecular signature of ACC have revealed specific micro-RNAs (miRNAs) that are associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by inhibiting mRNA translation or degrading mRNA transcripts and have been generally implicated in carcinogenesis. This review summarizes the current insights into dysregulated miRNAs in ACC tumorigenesis, their known functions, and specific targetomes. In addition, we explore the possibility of particular miRNAs to be exploited as clinical biomarkers in ACC and as potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Chehade
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.C.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Martyn Bullock
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.C.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Anthony Glover
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.C.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Gyorgy Hutvagner
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Stan Sidhu
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.C.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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10
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Zhang Z, He X, Xu J, Zhang G, Yang Y, Ma J, Sun Y, Ni H, Wang F. Advantages of Restoring miR-205-3p Expression for Better Prognosis of Gastric Cancer via Prevention of Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition. J Gastric Cancer 2020; 20:212-224. [PMID: 32596004 PMCID: PMC7311212 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2020.20.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose miR-205 is a tumor suppressor and plays an important role in tumor invasiveness. However, the role of miR-205 in human gastric cancer (GC) epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-205 in the regulation of EMT in GC invasion. Materials and Methods Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-205 in GC. Further, the correlation between the pathological parameters and prognosis of GC was statistically analyzed. A transwell model was used to evaluate the effect of miR-205-3p on the invasion and migration of GC cells. qPCR, western blotting, and luciferase assay were performed to analyze the relationship and target effects between miR-205-3p and the expression of zinc finger electron box binding homologous box 1 (ZEB1) and 2 (ZEB2). Results We found that the levels of miR-205-3p were significantly lower (P<0.05) in GC tissues than in matched normal tissues. Additionally, the expression of miR-205-3p was related to the tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, lymph node invasion, and tumor, node, metastasis stage. Patients with lower miR-205-3p expression levels in the tumors had a poorer prognosis. The in vitro assays indicated that miR-205-3p could affect the invasion ability and EMT of GC cells by targeting the expression of both ZEB1 and ZEB2. Conclusions miR-205-3p promotes GC progression and affects the prognosis of patients by targeting both ZEB1 and ZEB2 to directly influence EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xujun He
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Genhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Pathology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanshui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibin Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengyong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Decmann A, Perge P, Turai PI, Patócs A, Igaz P. Non-Coding RNAs in Adrenocortical Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Diagnosis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020461. [PMID: 32079166 PMCID: PMC7072220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNA molecules including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several tumors and numerous data support their applicability in diagnosis as well. Despite recent advances, the pathogenesis of adrenocortical cancer still remains elusive and there are no reliable blood-borne markers of adrenocortical malignancy, either. Several findings show the potential applicability of microRNAs as biomarkers of malignancy and prognosis, and there are some data on lncRNA as well. In this review, we present a synopsis on the potential relevance of non-coding RNA molecules in adrenocortical pathogenesis and their applicability in diagnosis from tissue and blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Decmann
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Str. 46., H-1088 Budapest, Hungary; (A.D.); (P.P.); (P.I.T.)
| | - Pál Perge
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Str. 46., H-1088 Budapest, Hungary; (A.D.); (P.P.); (P.I.T.)
| | - Peter Istvan Turai
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Str. 46., H-1088 Budapest, Hungary; (A.D.); (P.P.); (P.I.T.)
| | - Attila Patócs
- MTA-SE Lendület Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, H-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Igaz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Str. 46., H-1088 Budapest, Hungary; (A.D.); (P.P.); (P.I.T.)
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-1-266-0816
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12
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Pereira SS, Monteiro MP, Antonini SR, Pignatelli D. Apoptosis regulation in adrenocortical carcinoma. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:R91-R104. [PMID: 30978697 PMCID: PMC6510712 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis evading is a hallmark of cancer. Tumor cells are characterized by having an impaired apoptosis signaling, a fact that deregulates the balance between cell death and survival, leading to tumor development, invasion and resistance to treatment. In general, patients with adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) have an extremely bad prognosis, which is related to disease progression and significant resistance to treatments. In this report, we performed an integrative review about the disruption of apoptosis in ACC that may underlie the characteristic poor prognosis in these patients. Although the apoptosis has been scarcely studied in ACC, the majority of the deregulation phenomena already described are anti-apoptotic. Most importantly, in a near future, targeting apoptosis modulation in ACC patients may become a promising therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia S Pereira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Department of Anatomy, Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS/UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana P Monteiro
- Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Department of Anatomy, Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS/UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sonir R Antonini
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Duarte Pignatelli
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital S. João, Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence should be addressed to D Pignatelli:
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13
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Wang W, Yang C, Nie H, Qiu X, Zhang L, Xiao Y, Zhou W, Zeng Q, Zhang X, Wu Y, Liu J, Ying M. LIMK2 acts as an oncogene in bladder cancer and its functional SNP in the microRNA-135a binding site affects bladder cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1345-1355. [PMID: 30006972 PMCID: PMC6587996 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
LIM kinases modulate multiple aspects of cancer development, including cell proliferation and survival. As the mechanisms of LIMK-associated tumorigenesis are still unclear, we analyzed the tumorigenic functions of LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) in human bladder cancer (BC) and explored whether the newly identified LIMK2 3´-UTR SNP rs2073859 (G-to-A allele) is correlated with clinical features. Expression levels of LIMK2 in 38 human BC tissues and eight cell lines were examined using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. LIMK2 was overexpressed in most BC tissues (27/38, 71%) and BC-derived cell lines (6/8), and was more frequently overexpessed in high-grade than low-grade BC (80% vs. 47%). The effects of LIMK2 on BC cell proliferation, survival and migration, were studied by overexpression and RNA interference approaches in vitro and in vivo. LIMK2 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells, while LIMK2 depletion inhibited cell invasion and viability and induced growth arrest in vitro and in vivo. PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) was used to genotype LIMK2 SNP rs2073859 and multivariate logistic regression applied to assess the relationship between allele frequency and clinical features in 139 BC patients. Functional analyses localized SNP rs2073859 within the microRNA-135a seed-binding region and revealed significantly lower LIMK2 G allele expression. The frequency of A genotypes (AG + AA) was higher in the BC group than normal controls and correlated with risks of high-grade and high-stage BC. In conclusion, LIMK2 may function as an oncogene in human BC, while allele-specific regulation by microRNA-135a may influence disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Yang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Nie
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofu Qiu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong NO.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianbo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuansong Xiao
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuer Zhou
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinsong Zeng
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yigao Wu
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Ying
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Agosta C, Laugier J, Guyon L, Denis J, Bertherat J, Libé R, Boisson B, Sturm N, Feige JJ, Chabre O, Cherradi N. MiR-483-5p and miR-139-5p promote aggressiveness by targeting N-myc downstream-regulated gene family members in adrenocortical cancer. Int J Cancer 2018. [PMID: 29516499 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a tumor with poor prognosis in which overexpression of a panel of microRNAs has been associated with malignancy but a very limited number of investigations on their role in ACC pathogenesis have been conducted. We examined the involvement of miR-483-5p and miR-139-5p in adrenocortical cancer aggressiveness. Using bioinformatics predictions and mRNA/miRNA expression profiles, we performed an integrated analysis to identify inversely correlated miRNA-mRNA pairs in ACC. We identified N-myc downstream-regulated gene family members 2 and 4 (NDRG2 and NDRG4) as targets of miR-483-5p and miR-139-5p, respectively. NDRG2 and NDRG4 expressions were inversely correlated respectively with miR-483-5p and miR-139-5p levels in aggressive ACC samples from two independent cohorts of 20 and 44 ACC. Moreover, upregulation of miR-139-5p and downregulation of NDRG4 demonstrated a striking prognostic value. A direct interaction between miR-483-5p or miR-139-5p and their targets was demonstrated in reporter assays. Downregulation of miR-483-5p or miR-139-5p in the ACC cell lines NCI-H295R and SW13 increased NDRG2 or NDRG4 mRNA and protein expression, compromised adrenocortical cancer cell invasiveness and anchorage-independent growth. MiR-483-5p or miR-139-5p overexpression and NDRG2 or NDRG4 inhibition produce similar changes, which are rescued by NDRG2 or NDRG4 ectopic expression. We established that key factors mediating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition are downstream effectors of miR-483-5p/NDRG2 and miR-139-5p/NDRG4 pathways. Collectively, our data show for the first time that miR-483-5p/NDRG2 and miR-139-5p/NDRG4 axes promote ACC aggressiveness, with potential implications for prognosis and therapeutic interventions in adrenocortical malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Agosta
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Service d'Endocrinologie, Grenoble, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1036, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Jonathan Laugier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1036, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Guyon
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1036, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Josiane Denis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1036, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8104, Unité 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Département d'Endocrinologie, Centre Expert Cancers Rares de la Surrénale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Rossella Libé
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8104, Unité 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Département d'Endocrinologie, Centre Expert Cancers Rares de la Surrénale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Boisson
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Grenoble, France
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Feige
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1036, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Chabre
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Service d'Endocrinologie, Grenoble, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1036, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Nadia Cherradi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1036, Grenoble, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, Grenoble, France
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15
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Lima CR, Gomes CC, Santos MF. Role of microRNAs in endocrine cancer metastasis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 456:62-75. [PMID: 28322989 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The deregulation of transcription and processing of microRNAs (miRNAs), as well as their function, has been involved in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including cancer. Despite advances in therapeutic approaches, cancer still represents one of the major health problems worldwide. Cancer metastasis is an aggravating factor in tumor progression, related to increased treatment complexity and a worse prognosis. After more than one decade of extensive studies of miRNAs, the fundamental role of these molecules in cancer progression and metastasis is beginning to be elucidated. Recent evidences have demonstrated a significant role of miRNAs on the metastatic cascade, acting either as pro-metastatic or anti-metastatic. They are involved in distinct steps of metastasis including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, migration/invasion, anoikis survival, and distant organ colonization. Studies on the roles of miRNAs in cancer have focused mainly on two fronts: the establishment of a miRNA signature for different tumors, which may aid in early diagnosis using these miRNAs as markers, and functional studies of specific miRNAs, determining their targets, function and regulation. Functional miRNA studies on endocrine cancers are still scarce and represent an important area of research, since some tumors, although not frequent, present a high mortality rate. Among the endocrine tumors, thyroid cancer is the most common and best studied. Several miRNAs show lowered expression in endocrine cancers (i.e. miR-200s, miR-126, miR-7, miR-29a, miR-30a, miR-137, miR-206, miR-101, miR-613, miR-539, miR-205, miR-9, miR-195), while others are commonly overexpressed (i.e. miR-21, miR-183, miR-31, miR-let7b, miR-584, miR-146b, miR-221, miR-222, miR-25, miR-595). Additionally, some miRNAs were found in serum exosomes (miR-151, miR-145, miR-31), potentially serving as diagnostic tools. In this review, we summarize studies concerning the discovery and functions of miRNAs and their regulatory roles in endocrine cancer metastasis, which may contribute for the finding of novel therapeutic targets. The review focus on miRNAs with at least some identified targets, with established functions and, if possible, upstream regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cilene Rebouças Lima
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Prédio I, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cibele Crastequini Gomes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Prédio I, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marinilce Fagundes Santos
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Prédio I, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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16
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Kwok GT, Zhao JT, Weiss J, Mugridge N, Brahmbhatt H, MacDiarmid JA, Robinson BG, Sidhu SB. Translational applications of microRNAs in cancer, and therapeutic implications. Noncoding RNA Res 2017; 2:143-150. [PMID: 30159433 PMCID: PMC6084838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for targeted novel therapies for cancer is ongoing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) display a number of characteristics making them an attractive and realisable option. In this review, we explore these applications, ranging from diagnostics, prognostics, disease surveillance, to being a primary therapy or a tool to sensitise patients to treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We take a particular perspective towards miRNAs and their impact on rare cancers. Advancement in the delivery of miRNAs, from viral vectors and liposomal delivery to nanoparticle based, has led to a number of pre-clinical and clinical applications for microRNA cancer therapeutics. This is promising, especially in the setting of rare cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace T. Kwok
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, 2065 NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, 2065 Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, 2065 Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jing Ting Zhao
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, 2065 NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, 2065 Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jocelyn Weiss
- EnGeneIC Pty Ltd, Lane Cove West, 2066 NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Bruce G. Robinson
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, 2065 NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, 2065 Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stan B. Sidhu
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, 2065 NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, 2065 Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, 2065 Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Abstract
Human cancers are characterized by a number of hallmarks, including sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, activated invasion and metastasis, replicative immortality, angiogenesis, resistance to cell death, and evasion of immune destruction. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are deregulated in virtually all human cancers, they show involvement in each of the cancer hallmarks as well. In this chapter, we describe the involvement of miRNAs in cancer from a cancer hallmarks and targeted therapeutics point of view. As no miRNA-based cancer therapeutics are available to date, and the only clinical trial on miRNA-based cancer therapeutics (MRX34) was terminated prematurely due to serious adverse events, we are focusing on protein-coding miRNA targets for which targeted therapeutics in oncology are already approved by the FDA. For each of the cancer hallmarks, we selected major protein-coding players and describe the miRNAs that target them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George A Calin
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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Cherradi N. microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Adrenocortical Cancer: Progress and Challenges. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:195. [PMID: 26834703 PMCID: PMC4719100 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Over the last decade, pan-genomic analyses of genetic and epigenetic alterations and genome-wide expression profile studies allowed major advances in the understanding of the molecular genetics of ACC. Besides the well-known dysfunctional molecular pathways in adrenocortical tumors, such as the IGF2 pathway, the Wnt pathway, and TP53, high-throughput technologies enabled a more comprehensive genomic characterization of adrenocortical cancer. Integration of expression profile data with exome sequencing, SNP array analysis, methylation, and microRNA (miRNA) profiling led to the identification of subgroups of malignant tumors with distinct molecular alterations and clinical outcomes. miRNAs post-transcriptionally silence their target gene expression either by degrading mRNA or by inhibiting translation. Although our knowledge of the contribution of deregulated miRNAs to the pathogenesis of ACC is still in its infancy, recent studies support their relevance in gene expression alterations in these tumors. Some miRNAs have been shown to carry potential diagnostic and prognostic values, while others may be good candidates for therapeutic interventions. With the emergence of disease-specific blood-borne miRNAs signatures, analyses of small cohorts of patients with ACC suggest that circulating miRNAs represent promising non-invasive biomarkers of malignancy or recurrence. However, some technical challenges still remain, and most of the miRNAs reported in the literature have not yet been validated in sufficiently powered and longitudinal studies. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the deregulation of tumor-associated and circulating miRNAs in ACC patients, while emphasizing their potential significance in pathogenic pathways in light of recent insights into the role of miRNAs in shaping the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Cherradi
- U1036, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France
- Biologie du Cancer et de l’Infection, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire BCI, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
- *Correspondence: Nadia Cherradi,
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