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Bicer E, Bese T, Tuzun DD, Ilvan S, Kayan BO, Demirkiran F. The Relationship Between Melatonin 1-2 Receptor Expression in Patients With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Survival. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2024; 43:190-199. [PMID: 37922887 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin has antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, apoptotic, and immunomodulatory properties in ovarian cancer. Considering those, we evaluated the relationship between melatonin 1 (MT1) and melatonin 2 receptor (MT2) expression in tumor tissues of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Patients who received primary surgical treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer in our clinic between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively scanned through patient files, electronic databases, and telephone calls. One hundred forty-two eligible patients were included in the study, their tumoral tissues were examined to determine MT1 and MT2 expression by immunohistochemical methods. The percentage of receptor-positive cells and intensity of staining were determined. MT1 receptor expression ( P = 0.002 for DFS and P = 0.002 for OS) showed a significant effect on DFS and OS. MT2 expression had no effect on survival ( P = 0.593 for DFS and P = 0.209 for OS). The results showed that the higher the MT1 receptor expression, the longer the DFS and OS. It is suggested that melatonin should be considered as adjuvant therapy for ovarian cancer patients in addition to standard treatment, and clinical progress should be observed.
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2
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Mafi A, Rismanchi H, Gholinezhad Y, Mohammadi MM, Mousavi V, Hosseini SA, Milasi YE, Reiter RJ, Ghezelbash B, Rezaee M, Sheida A, Zarepour F, Asemi Z, Mansournia MA, Mirzaei H. Melatonin as a regulator of apoptosis in leukaemia: molecular mechanism and therapeutic perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1224151. [PMID: 37645444 PMCID: PMC10461318 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1224151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukaemia is a dangerous malignancy that causes thousands of deaths every year throughout the world. The rate of morbidity and mortality is significant despite many advancements in therapy strategies for affected individuals. Most antitumour medications used now in clinical oncology use apoptotic signalling pathways to induce cancer cell death. Accumulated data have shown a direct correlation between inducing apoptosis in cancer cells with higher tumour regression and survival. Until now, the efficacy of melatonin as a powerful antitumour agent has been firmly established. A change in melatonin concentrations has been reported in multiple tumours such as endometrial, hematopoietic, and breast cancers. Findings show that melatonin's anticancer properties, such as its prooxidation function and ability to promote apoptosis, indicate the possibility of utilizing this natural substance as a promising agent in innovative cancer therapy approaches. Melatonin stimulates cell apoptosis via the regulation of many apoptosis facilitators, including mitochondria, cytochrome c, Bcl-2, production of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis receptors. This paper aimed to further assess the anticancer effects of melatonin through the apoptotic pathway, considering the role that cellular apoptosis plays in the pathogenesis of cancer. The effect of melatonin may mean that it is appropriate for use as an adjuvant, along with other therapeutic approaches such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Rismanchi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Gholinezhad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vahide Mousavi
- School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Yaser Eshaghi Milasi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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3
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Chan YT, Tan HY, Lu Y, Zhang C, Cheng CS, Wu J, Wang N, Feng Y. Pancreatic melatonin enhances anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma through regulating tumor-associated neutrophils infiltration and NETosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1554-1567. [PMID: 37139434 PMCID: PMC10150138 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment contributes to poor prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) patients. Proper regulation could improve survival. Melatonin is an endogenous hormone that delivers multiple bioactivities. Here we showed that pancreatic melatonin level is associated with patients' survival. In PAAD mice models, melatonin supplementation suppressed tumor growth, while blockade of melatonin pathway exacerbated tumor progression. This anti-tumor effect was independent of cytotoxicity but associated with tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and TANs depletion reversed effects of melatonin. Melatonin induced TANs infiltration and activation, therefore induced cell apoptosis of PAAD cells. Cytokine arrays revealed that melatonin had minimal impact on neutrophils but induced secretion of Cxcl2 from tumor cells. Knockdown of Cxcl2 in tumor cells abolished neutrophil migration and activation. Melatonin-induced neutrophils presented an N1-like anti-tumor phenotype, with increased neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) causing tumor cell apoptosis through cell-to-cell contact. Proteomics analysis revealed that this reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated inhibition was fueled by fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in neutrophils, while FAO inhibitor abolished the anti-tumor effect. Analysis of PAAD patient specimens revealed that CXCL2 expression was associated with neutrophil infiltration. CXCL2, or TANs, combined with NET marker, can better predict patients' prognosis. Collectively, we discovered an anti-tumor mechanism of melatonin through recruiting N1-neutrophils and beneficial NET formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yau-tuen Chan
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hor-yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanjun Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chien-shan Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Junyu Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Corresponding authors.
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4
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Targhazeh N, Hutt KJ, Winship AL, Reiter R, Yousefi B. Melatonin as an oncostatic agent: Review of the modulation of tumor microenvironment and overcoming multidrug resistance. Biochimie 2022; 202:71-84. [PMID: 36116742 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Multi drug resistance (MDR) generally limits the efficacy of chemotherapy in cancer patients and can be categorized into primary or acquired resistance. Melatonin (MLT), a lipophilic hormone released from pineal gland, is a molecule with oncostatic effects. Here, we will briefly review the contribution of different microenvironmental components including fibroblasts, immune and inflammatory cells, stem cells and vascular endothelial cells in tumor initiation, progression and development. Then, the mechanisms by which MLT can potentially affect these elements and regulate drug resistance will be presented. Finally, we will explain how different studies have used novel strategies incorporating MLT to suppress cancer resistance against therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Targhazeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karla J Hutt
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy L Winship
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Russel Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Hosseini F, Shanehbandi D, Soleimanpour J, Yousefi B, Alemi F. Melatonin Increases the Sensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells to
Chemotherapy Drug Cisplatin. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72:312-318. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1830-8716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChemotherapy, which is one of the common treatments for osteosarcoma (OS), has
many side effects and in some cases has low effectiveness due to
chemoresistance, hence it is vital to study new therapies for OS. In this
regard, we combined melatonin with cisplatin and evaluate their effect on MG63
OS cells. Since melatonin has anti-cancer properties, we hypothesized that its
combination with cisplatin could increase the effectiveness of cisplatin.
Firstly, MTT assay was used to evaluate the cell viability and cytotoxicity of
cisplatin on MG63 cells and the results showed that melatonin in combination
with cisplatin increases the sensitivity of MG63 cells to cisplatin. In
addition, qRT-PCR results showed that the expressions of miR-181 and P53, CYLD,
CBX7 and BCL2 genes change in MG63 cells after treatment with the combination of
cisplatin and melatonin, so that the expression of P53, CYLD and CBX7 increased
and the expression of BCL2 and miR-181b decreases significantly. Furthermore,
analysis of Annexin V/FITC assay data revealed that the rate of
apoptosis in MG63 OS cell line remarkably promoted after treated with cisplatin
and melatonin combination. As a result, our findings show that melatonin in
combination with cisplatin increases the effectiveness of cisplatin in
osteosarcoma cells and this study provides a new therapeutic approach for
OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroogh Hosseini
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of
Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical
Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimanpour
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Shohada Teaching Hospital, Tabriz
University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of
Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of
Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Tran QH, Hoang DH, Song M, Choe W, Kang I, Kim SS, Ha J. Melatonin and doxorubicin synergistically enhance apoptosis via autophagy-dependent reduction of AMPKα1 transcription in human breast cancer cells. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1413-1422. [PMID: 34584194 PMCID: PMC8492618 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin is one of the most effective agents used to treat various cancers, including breast cancer, but its usage is limited by the risk of adverse effects, including cardiotoxicity. Melatonin, a natural hormone that functions as a major regulator of circadian rhythms, has been considered a supplemental component for doxorubicin due to its potential to improve its effectiveness. However, the mechanisms and biological targets of the combination of melatonin and doxorubicin with respect to cancer cell death are not well understood. In the present study, we found that melatonin synergized with doxorubicin to induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells by decreasing the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPK α1), which acts as a critical survival factor for cancer cells. This cotreatment-induced reduction in AMPKα1 expression occurred at the transcriptional level via an autophagy-dependent mechanism. The synergistic effects of the combined treatment were evident in many other cancer cell lines, and melatonin was also highly effective in inducing cancer death when combined with other cancer drugs, including cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and sorafenib. AMPKα1 expression was decreased in all of these cases, suggesting that reducing AMPKα1 can be considered an effective method to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to doxorubicin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Hoa Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh city University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Dang Hieu Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyeok Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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Molecular targets for the management of gastrointestinal cancer using melatonin, a natural endogenous body hormone. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111782. [PMID: 34087693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most common cancers globally. Melatonin, a natural endogenous body hormone, has been of interest for years, due to its anti-cancer characteristics, such as antiproliferative, antimetastatic, and cytotoxic as well as apoptotic induction. Through regulating several proteins such as melatonin upregulated mRNAs and proteins of downregulated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), as well as cytoplasmic protein such as calcium-binding proteins calmodulin or tubulin, and nuclear receptors, including RORα/RZR, and acts by non-receptor-regulated mechanisms, melatonin can exert anti-cancer efficacy. Moreover, melatonin modulates angiogenesis by targeting mRNA and protein expression of endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1) protein. In the present review, we address in vivo, in vitro and clinical reports on its anti-cancer efficacies, and the molecular mechanisms of action responsible for these effects. We advance the possibility of therapeutic melatonin administration for cancer therapy.
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Estaras M, Gonzalez-Portillo MR, Fernandez-Bermejo M, Mateos JM, Vara D, Blanco-Fernandez G, Lopez-Guerra D, Roncero V, Salido GM, González A. Melatonin Induces Apoptosis and Modulates Cyclin Expression and MAPK Phosphorylation in Pancreatic Stellate Cells Subjected to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115555. [PMID: 34074034 PMCID: PMC8197391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In certain diseases of the pancreas, pancreatic stellate cells form an important part of fibrosis and are critical for the development of cancer cells. A hypoxic condition develops within the tumor, to which pancreatic stellate cells adapt and are able to proliferate. The consequence is the growth of the tumor. Melatonin, the product of the pineal gland, is gaining attention as an agent with therapeutic potential against pancreatic cancers. Its actions on tumor cells lead, in general, to a reduction in cell viability and proliferation. However, its effects on pancreatic stellate cells subjected to hypoxia are less known. In this study, we evaluated the actions of pharmacological concentrations of melatonin (1 mM–1 µM) on pancreatic stellate cells subjected to hypoxia. The results show that melatonin induced a decrease in cell viability at the highest concentrations tested. Similarly, the incorporation of BrdU into DNA was diminished by melatonin. The expression of cyclins A and D also was decreased in the presence of melatonin. Upon treatment of cells with melatonin, increases in the expression of major markers of ER stress, namely BIP, phospho-eIF2α and ATF-4, were detected. Modulation of apoptosis was noticed as an increase in caspase-3 activation. In addition, changes in the phosphorylated state of p44/42, p38 and JNK MAPKs were detected in cells treated with melatonin. A slight decrease in the content of α-smooth muscle actin was detected in cells treated with melatonin. Finally, treatment of cells with melatonin decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 3, 9 and 13. Our observations suggest that melatonin, at pharmacological concentrations, diminishes the proliferation of pancreatic stellate cells subjected to hypoxia through modulation of cell cycle, apoptosis and the activation of crucial MAPKs. Cellular responses might involve certain ER stress regulator proteins. In view of the results, melatonin could be taken into consideration as a potential therapeutic agent for pancreatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Estaras
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Manuel R. Gonzalez-Portillo
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Miguel Fernandez-Bermejo
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (J.M.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Jose M. Mateos
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (J.M.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Daniel Vara
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (J.M.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Gerardo Blanco-Fernandez
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital, 06080 Badajoz, Spain; (G.B.-F.); (D.L.-G.)
| | - Diego Lopez-Guerra
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital, 06080 Badajoz, Spain; (G.B.-F.); (D.L.-G.)
| | - Vicente Roncero
- Unit of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Gines M. Salido
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Antonio González
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Estaras M, Gonzalez-Portillo MR, Martinez R, Garcia A, Estevez M, Fernandez-Bermejo M, Mateos JM, Vara D, Blanco-Fernández G, Lopez-Guerra D, Roncero V, Salido GM, Gonzalez A. Melatonin Modulates the Antioxidant Defenses and the Expression of Proinflammatory Mediators in Pancreatic Stellate Cells Subjected to Hypoxia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040577. [PMID: 33918063 PMCID: PMC8070371 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) play a major role in the formation of fibrotic tissue in pancreatic tumors. On its side, melatonin is a putative therapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer and inflammation. In this work, the actions of melatonin on PSC subjected to hypoxia were evaluated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) levels of glutathione, and protein and lipid oxidation were analyzed. The phosphorylation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), and the regulatory protein nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-alpha (IκBα) was studied. The expression of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were also studied. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was assayed. Finally, cell viability was studied. Under hypoxia and in the presence of melatonin generation of ROS was observed. No increases in the oxidation of proteins or lipids were detected. The phosphorylation of Nrf2 and the expression of the antioxidant enzymes catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalase, NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1, heme oxygenase-1, SOD1, and of SOD2 were augmented. The TAC was increased. Protein kinase C was involved in the effects of melatonin. Melatonin decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio at the highest concentration tested. Cell viability dropped in the presence of melatonin. Finally, melatonin diminished the phosphorylation of NF-kB and the expression of COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α. Our results indicate that melatonin, at pharmacological concentrations, modulates the red-ox state, viability, and the expression of proinflammatory mediators in PSC subjected to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Estaras
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Manuel R. Gonzalez-Portillo
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Remigio Martinez
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Alfredo Garcia
- Department of Animal Production, CICYTEX-La Orden, 06187 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Mario Estevez
- IPROCAR Research Institute, Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Miguel Fernandez-Bermejo
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (J.M.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Jose M. Mateos
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (J.M.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Daniel Vara
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (J.M.M.); (D.V.)
| | - Gerardo Blanco-Fernández
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Infanta Cristina Hospital, 06080 Badajoz, Spain; (G.B.-F.); (D.L.-G.)
| | - Diego Lopez-Guerra
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Infanta Cristina Hospital, 06080 Badajoz, Spain; (G.B.-F.); (D.L.-G.)
| | - Vicente Roncero
- Unit of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Gines M. Salido
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (M.E.); (M.R.G.-P.); (G.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Bonmati-Carrion MA, Tomas-Loba A. Melatonin and Cancer: A Polyhedral Network Where the Source Matters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020210. [PMID: 33535472 PMCID: PMC7912767 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is one of the most phylogenetically conserved signals in biology. Although its original function was probably related to its antioxidant capacity, this indoleamine has been “adopted” by multicellular organisms as the “darkness signal” when secreted in a circadian manner and is acutely suppressed by light at night by the pineal gland. However, melatonin is also produced by other tissues, which constitute its extrapineal sources. Apart from its undisputed chronobiotic function, melatonin exerts antioxidant, immunomodulatory, pro-apoptotic, antiproliferative, and anti-angiogenic effects, with all these properties making it a powerful antitumor agent. Indeed, this activity has been demonstrated to be mediated by interfering with various cancer hallmarks, and different epidemiological studies have also linked light at night (melatonin suppression) with a higher incidence of different types of cancer. In 2007, the World Health Organization classified night shift work as a probable carcinogen due to circadian disruption, where melatonin plays a central role. Our aim is to review, from a global perspective, the role of melatonin both from pineal and extrapineal origin, as well as their possible interplay, as an intrinsic factor in the incidence, development, and progression of cancer. Particular emphasis will be placed not only on those mechanisms related to melatonin’s antioxidant nature but also on the recently described novel roles of melatonin in microbiota and epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Angeles Bonmati-Carrion
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, 28090 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.-A.B.-C.); (A.T.-L.)
| | - Antonia Tomas-Loba
- Circadian Rhythm and Cancer Laboratory, Department of Physiology, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.-A.B.-C.); (A.T.-L.)
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11
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Moloudizargari M, Moradkhani F, Hekmatirad S, Fallah M, Asghari MH, Reiter RJ. Therapeutic targets of cancer drugs: Modulation by melatonin. Life Sci 2020; 267:118934. [PMID: 33385405 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of melatonin range beyond the regulation of the circadian rhythm. With regard to cancer, melatonin's potential to suppress cancer initiation, progression, angiogenesis and metastasis as well as sensitizing malignant cells to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy are among its most interesting effects. The targets at which melatonin initiates its anti-cancer effects are in common with those of a majority of existing anti-cancer agents, giving rise to the notion that this molecule is a pleiotropic agent sharing many features with other antineoplastic drugs in terms of their mechanisms of action. Among these common mechanisms of action are the regulation of several major intracellular pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) signaling. The important mediators affected by melatonin include cyclins, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), heat shock proteins (HSPs) and c-Myc, all of which can serve as potential targets for cancer drugs. Melatonin also exerts some of its anti-cancer effects via inducing epigenetic modifications, DNA damage and mitochondrial disruption in malignant cells. The regulation of these mediators by melatonin mitigates tumor growth and invasiveness via modulating their downstream responsive genes, housekeeping enzymes, telomerase reverse transcriptase, apoptotic gene expression, angiogenic factors and structural proteins involved in metastasis. Increasing our knowledge on how melatonin affects its target sites will help find ways of exploiting the beneficial effects of this ubiquitously-acting molecule in cancer therapy. Acknowledging this, here we reviewed the most studied target pathways attributed to the anti-cancer effects of melatonin, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradkhani
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hekmatirad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Medicinal Plant Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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12
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New insights into antimetastatic signaling pathways of melatonin in skeletomuscular sarcoma of childhood and adolescence. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:303-320. [PMID: 32086631 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an indole produced by the pineal gland at night under normal light or dark conditions, and its levels, which are higher in children than in adults, begin to decrease prior to the onset of puberty and continue to decline thereafter. Apart from circadian regulatory actions, melatonin has significant apoptotic, angiogenic, oncostatic, and antiproliferative effects on various cancer cells. Particularly, the ability of melatonin to inhibit skeletomuscular sarcoma, which most commonly affects children, teenagers, and young adults, is substantial. In the past few decades, the vast majority of references have focused on the concept of epithelial-mesenchymal transition involvement in invasion and migration to allow carcinoma cells to dissociate from each other and to degrade the extracellular matrix. Recently, researchers have applied this idea to sarcoma cells of mesenchymal origin, e.g., osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, with their ability to initiate the invasion-metastasis cascade. Similarly, interest of the effects of melatonin has shifted from carcinomas to sarcomas. Herein, in this state-of-the-art review, we compiled the knowledge related to the molecular mechanism of antimetastatic actions of melatonin on skeletomuscular sarcoma as in childhood and during adolescence. Utilization of melatonin as an adjuvant with chemotherapeutic drugs for synergy and fortification of the antimetastatic effects for the reinforcement of therapeutic actions are considered.
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13
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Hermawan A, Putri H, Utomo RY. Functional network analysis reveals potential repurposing of β-blocker atenolol for pancreatic cancer therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:685-699. [PMID: 33098056 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00375-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer is low; therefore, continuous discovery and development of novel pancreatic cancer drugs are required. Functional network analysis is an integrated bioinformatics approach based on gene, target, and disease networks interaction, and it is extensively used in drug discovery and development. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify if atenolol, a selective adrenergic inhibitor, can be repurposed for the treatment of pancreatic cancer using functional network analysis. METHODS Direct target proteins (DTPs) and indirect target proteins (ITPs) were obtained from STITCH and STRING databases, respectively. Atenolol-mediated proteins (AMPs) were collected from DTPs and ITPs and further analyzed for gene ontology, KEGG pathway enrichment, genetic alterations, overall survival, and molecular docking. RESULTS We obtained 176 AMPs that consisted of 10 DTPs and 166 ITPs. Among the AMPs involved in the pancreatic cancer pathways, several AMPs such as MAPK1, RELA, MAPK8, STAT1, and STAT3 were identified. Genetic alterations in seven AMPs were identified in 0.9%-16% of patients. Patients with high mRNA levels of MAPK1, RELA, STAT3, GNB1, and MMP9 had significantly worse overall survival rates compared with patients with low expression. Molecular docking studies showed that RELA and MMP9 are potential target candidates of atenolol in the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSION In conclusion, atenolol can potentially be repurposed to target pancreatic cancer cells by modulating MMP9 and NF-κB signaling. The results of this study need to be further validated in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hermawan
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Herwandhani Putri
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rohmad Yudi Utomo
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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14
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Pourhanifeh MH, Mehrzadi S, Kamali M, Hosseinzadeh A. Melatonin and gastrointestinal cancers: Current evidence based on underlying signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173471. [PMID: 32877658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leading causes of cancer-related deaths, have been serious challenging human diseases up to now. Because of high rates of mortality, late-stage diagnosis, metastasis to distant locations, and low effectiveness and adverse events of routine standard therapies, the quality of life and survival time are low in patients with GI cancers. Hence, many efforts need to be done to explore and find novel efficient treatments. Beneficial effects of melatonin have been reported in a wide variety of human diseases. Melatonin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. Various studies have showed the regulatory effects of melatonin on apoptotsis, autophagy and angiogenesis; these properties result in the inhibition of invasion, migration, and proliferation of GI cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Together, this review suggests that melatonin in combination with anticancer agents may improve the efficacy of routine medicine and survival rate of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Kvietkauskas M, Zitkute V, Leber B, Strupas K, Stiegler P, Schemmer P. The role of melatonin in colorectal cancer treatment: a comprehensive review. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920931714. [PMID: 32733605 PMCID: PMC7370547 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920931714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, known as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths annually. Currently, multimodal treatment strategies, including surgical resection, combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have been used as conventional treatments in patients with CRC. However, clinical outcome of advanced stage disease remains relatively discouraging, due mainly to appearance of CRC chemoresistance, toxicity, and other detrimental side effects. New strategies to overcome these limitations are essential. During the last decades, melatonin (MLT) has been shown to be a potent antiproliferative, anti-metastatic agent with cytotoxic effects on different types of human malignancies, including CRC. Hence, this comprehensive review compiles the available experimental and clinical data analyzing the effects of MLT treatment in CRC patients and its underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindaugas Kvietkauskas
- General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Zitkute
- General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Bettina Leber
- General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Philipp Stiegler
- General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Transplant Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Peter Schemmer
- General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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16
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Taskin E, Guven C, Kaya ST, Sahin L, Kocahan S, Degirmencioglu AZ, Gur FM, Sevgiler Y. The role of toll-like receptors in the protective effect of melatonin against doxorubicin-induced pancreatic beta cell toxicity. Life Sci 2019; 233:116704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Moradkhani F, Moloudizargari M, Fallah M, Asghari N, Heidari Khoei H, Asghari MH. Immunoregulatory role of melatonin in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:745-757. [PMID: 31270813 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a ubiquitous indole amine that plays a fundamental role in the regulation of the biological rhythm. Disrupted circadian rhythm alters the expression of clock genes and deregulates oncogenes, which finally promote tumor development and progression. An evidence supporting this notion is the higher risk of developing malignancies among night shift workers. Circadian secretion of the pineal hormone also synchronizes the immune system via a reciprocal association that exists between the immune system and melatonin. Immune cells are capable of melatonin biosynthesis in addition to the expression of its receptors. Melatonin induces big changes in different immune cell proportions, enhances their viability and improves immune cell metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. These effects might be directly mediated by melatonin receptors or indirectly through alterations in hormonal and cytokine release. Moreover, melatonin induces apoptosis in tumor cells via the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis, while it protectsthe immune cells. In general, melatonin has a profound impact on immune cell trafficking, cytokine production and apoptosis induction in malignant cells. On such a basis, using melatonin and resynchronization of sleep cycle may have potential implications in immune function enhancement against malignancies, which will be the focus of the present paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moradkhani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Narjes Asghari
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Heidar Heidari Khoei
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Mortezaee K, Najafi M, Farhood B, Ahmadi A, Potes Y, Shabeeb D, Musa AE. Modulation of apoptosis by melatonin for improving cancer treatment efficiency: An updated review. Life Sci 2019; 228:228-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Jin UH, Karki K, Kim SB, Safe S. Inhibition of pancreatic cancer Panc1 cell migration by omeprazole is dependent on aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation of JNK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 501:751-757. [PMID: 29758193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-active pharmaceuticals were screened as inhibitors of pancreatic cancer cell invasion and identified two compounds, omeprazole, that inhibited invasion. Inhibition of highly invasive Panc1 cell invasion by omeprazole involves an AhR-dependent non-genomic pathway, and omeprazole-mediated inhibition of Panc1 cell invasion was dependent on Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and mitogen-activated kinase kinase 7 (MKK7). The failure of omeprazole to induce nuclear translocation of the AhR was not due to overexpression of cytosolic AhR partner proteins Hsp90 or XAP2, and results of DNA sequencing show that the AhR expressed in Panc1 cells was not mutated. Results of RNAseq studies indicate that omeprazole induced an AhR-dependent downregulation of several pro-invasion factors including activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), long chain fatty acid CoA-synthase (CSL4), stathmin 3 (STMN3) and neuropillin 2 (NRP2), and the specific functions of these genes are currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un-Ho Jin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Keshav Karki
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Sang-Bae Kim
- Human Genomic Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Dutta S, Mahalanobish S, Saha S, Ghosh S, Sil PC. Natural products: An upcoming therapeutic approach to cancer. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 128:240-255. [PMID: 30991130 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death across the world. Different environmental and anthropogenic factors initiate mutations in different functional genes of growth factors and their receptors, anti-apoptotic proteins, self-renewal developmental proteins, tumor suppressors, transcription factors, etc. This phenomenon leads to altered protein homeostasis of the cell which in turn induces cancer initiation, development, progression and survival. From ancient times various natural products have been used as traditional medicine against different diseases. Natural products are readily applicable, inexpensive, accessible and acceptable therapeutic approach with minimum cytotoxicity. As most of the target-specific anticancer drugs failed to achieve the expected result so far, new multi-targeted therapies using natural products have become significant. In this review, we have summarized the efficacy of different natural compounds against cancer. They are capable of modulating cancer microenvironment and diverse cell signaling cascades; thus playing a major role in combating cancer. These compounds are found to be effective against several signaling pathways, mainly cell death pathways (apoptosis and autophagy) and embryonic developmental pathways (Notch pathway, Wnt pathway and Hedgehog pathway). This review article is expected to be helpful in understanding the recent progress of natural product research for the development of anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayanta Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Sushweta Mahalanobish
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Sukanya Saha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Shatadal Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India.
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21
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Bojková B, Kubatka P, Qaradakhi T, Zulli A, Kajo K. Melatonin May Increase Anticancer Potential of Pleiotropic Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3910. [PMID: 30563247 PMCID: PMC6320927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is not only a pineal hormone, but also an ubiquitary molecule present in plants and part of our diet. Numerous preclinical and some clinical reports pointed to its multiple beneficial effects including oncostatic properties, and as such, it has become one of the most aspiring goals in cancer prevention/therapy. A link between cancer and inflammation and/or metabolic disorders has been well established and the therapy of these conditions with so-called pleiotropic drugs, which include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins and peroral antidiabetics, modulates a cancer risk too. Adjuvant therapy with melatonin may improve the oncostatic potential of these drugs. Results from preclinical studies are limited though support this hypothesis, which, however, remains to be verified by further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Bojková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárová 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
| | - Karol Kajo
- St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Heydukova 10, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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High Glucose-Induced ROS Production Stimulates Proliferation of Pancreatic Cancer via Inactivating the JNK Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6917206. [PMID: 30584464 PMCID: PMC6280312 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6917206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant glucose metabolism of diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia stimulates pancreatic tumorigenesis and progression. Hyperglycemic environment can increase the ROS level of tumors, but the role of upregulation of ROS levels in pancreatic cancer (PC) still remains controversial. Here, the same as other reports, we demonstrate that high glucose promoted pancreatic cancer cell growth and resulted in an increase in the level of ROS. However, it is interesting that the phosphorylation of JNK was reduced. When treating PC cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), the intracellular ROS generation is repressed, but the expression of phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun increased. Moreover, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 significantly promoted cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells under high glucose conditions. Collectively, high levels of ROS induced by high glucose conditions stimulated the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, and it may be achieved by inactivating the JNK pathway.
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23
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Gundogdu G, Dodurga Y, Cetin M, Secme M, Cicek B. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of daidzein on MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic carcinoma cells and HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:581-587. [PMID: 30394111 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1527849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Daidzein (DZ) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, as well as the dose-dependent inhibition effect on cancer cells. In this study, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of DZ on HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells) and MIA PaCa-2 (human pancreatic cancer cells) cell lines were determined using the XTT method and Comet assay, respectively. IC50 concentrations of DZ were found to be 200 µM in both MIA PaCa-2 and HT-29 cells treated with DZ for 48 hours (h). When the cells were treated with 200 μM of DZ for 48 h, DNA damage was observed in both cell lines. DNA tail length (TL), tail moment (TM), and tail intensity (TI) increased more in MIA PaCa-2 cells treated with 200 μM of DZ than those in the control cell (untreated MIA PaCa-2 cell) group (p < 0.01). However, only DNA-TI and DNA-TM exhibited higher increases in HT-29 cells treated with 200 μM of DZ than those in the control cell (untreated HT-29 cell) group (p < 0.01). This shows that DZ has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on both cell lines. The observed genotoxic effects of DZ still need to be confirmed in additional future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Gundogdu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Dodurga
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Meltem Cetin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mucahit Secme
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Tamtaji OR, Mirhosseini N, Reiter RJ, Behnamfar M, Asemi Z. Melatonin and pancreatic cancer: Current knowledge and future perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5372-5378. [PMID: 30229898 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate due to the absence of early symptoms and subsequent late diagnosis; additionally, pancreatic cancer has a high resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. Multiple inflammatory pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer. Melatonin an indoleamine produced in the pineal gland mediated and receptor-independent action is the pancreas and other where has both receptors. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and tissue protector against inflammation and oxidative stress. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that melatonin supplementation is an appropriate therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer. Melatonin may be an effective apoptosis inducer in cancer cells through regulation of a large number of molecular pathways including oxidative stress, heat shock proteins, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Limited clinical studies, however, have evaluated the role of melatonin in pancreatic cancer. This review summarizes what is known regarding the effects of melatonin on pancreatic cancer and the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science, Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Morteza Behnamfar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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25
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Wang X, Wang B, Xie J, Hou D, Zhang H, Huang H. Melatonin inhibits epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells via attenuation of IL‑1β/NF‑κB/MMP2/MMP9 signaling. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2221-2228. [PMID: 30066836 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although melatonin has been shown to exert marked antitumor effects against a variety of cancers, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. It has been hypothesized that the anticancer properties of melatonin are associated with its ability to suppress epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells. In the present study, melatonin effectively suppressed interleukin (IL)‑1β‑induced EMT in human gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) cells. Sequential treatment of GA cells with melatonin after IL‑1β challenge markedly reversed the IL‑1β‑induced morphological changes, reduced cell invasion and migration, increased β‑catenin and E‑cadherin expression, and downregulated fibronectin, vimentin, Snail, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 expression. Moreover, IL‑1β‑induced activation of NF‑κB was attenuated following treatment with melatonin. Knockdown of NF‑κB significantly reduced the IL‑1β‑induced EMT in GA cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that melatonin may act by suppressing EMT and tumor progression by inhibiting NF‑κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jieqiong Xie
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Diyu Hou
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drugs, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Huang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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Leja-Szpak A, Nawrot-Porąbka K, Góralska M, Jastrzębska M, Link-Lenczowski P, Bonior J, Pierzchalski P, Jaworek J. Melatonin and its metabolite N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (afmk) enhance chemosensitivity to gemcitabine in pancreatic carcinoma cells (PANC-1). Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:1079-1088. [PMID: 30308458 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gemcitabine is a standard chemotherapeutic agent for patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. However, the applied therapy is not effective due to the resistance of tumor cells to cytostatics, caused by inefficiency of the apoptotic mechanisms. Herein, we present the hypothesis that melatonin and its metabolite N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) modify the effect of gemcitabine on PANC-1 cells and that this phenomenon is dependent on the modulation of apoptosis. METHODS PANC-1 cells have been incubated with melatonin, AFMK or gemcitabine alone or in combination to determine the cytotoxity and proliferative effects. In subsequent part of the study, cells were harvested, the proteins were isolated and analyzed employing immunoprecipitation/immunoblotting. RESULTS Incubation of PANC-1 cells with gemcitabine resulted in upregulation of pro-apoptotic bax and caspases proteins expression, downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, heat shock proteins (HSPs) and modulation of cellular inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs). Both melatonin and AFMK administered to PANC-1 in combination with gemcitabine inhibited the production of HSP70 and cIAP-2 as compared to the results obtained with gemcitabine alone. These changes were accompanied by upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and reduction of procaspases-9 and -3 abundance, followed by an increase in the formation of active caspase of PANC-1 cells with combination of gemcitabine plus low doses of melatonin or AFMK led to enhanced cytotoxicity and resulted in the inhibition of PANC-1 cells growth as compared to effects of gemcitabine alone. CONCLUSION Melatonin and AFMK could improve the anti-tumor effect of gemcitabine in PANC-1 cells presumably through the modulation of apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leja-Szpak
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Nawrot-Porąbka
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Góralska
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martyna Jastrzębska
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Link-Lenczowski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Bonior
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Pierzchalski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Jaworek
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
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Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Wu H, Xie Z, Wu Y, Song X, Wang J, Shu W, Xu J, Liu B, Wan L, Yan Y, Ding X, Shi X, Pan Y, Li X, Yang J, Zhao X, Wang L. Effect of verbascoside on apoptosis and metastasis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Molecular, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Heming Wu
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Zhuoying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing China
| | - Yunong Wu
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Biochemical Molecular, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Wei Shu
- Stomatology Department; Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Junyong Xu
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Linzhong Wan
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yanan Yan
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xu Ding
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xinghui Shi
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Reproductive Medicine Center; The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital; China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources; Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
| | - Lin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Institute of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
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Kocyigit A, Guler EM, Karatas E, Caglar H, Bulut H. Dose-dependent proliferative and cytotoxic effects of melatonin on human epidermoid carcinoma and normal skin fibroblast cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 829-830:50-60. [PMID: 29704993 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
New in vitro studies have demonstrated that N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (Melatonin) has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on various cell types although most of the previous investigations document that it is a potent antioxidant. However, the precise molecular mechanism(s) of its effects are not fully elucidated. In this study, we examined dose-dependent cytotoxic, genotoxic, apoptotic and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating effects of melatonin in human epidermoid carcinoma cells (A-431) and human normal skin fibroblastic cells (CCD-1079Sk). The cells were incubated with different doses of melatonin (0.031-5 mM) for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed based on luminometric ATP cell viability assay. Intracellular ROS was detected using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate (H2DCF-DA) fluorescent probes. Genotoxicity was evaluated by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet Assay). Apoptosis was evaluated by western blotting, DAPI staining, acridine orange/ethidium bromide and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double staining methods Mitochondrial membrane potentials were measured by flow cytometry. Although lower doses of melatonin (0.031-0.06 mM) increased cell proliferation and decreased ROS generation, higher doses (0.125-5 mM) markedly inhibited the cell viability, induced DNA damage, apoptosis and ROS generation. Cytotoxic, genotoxic, apoptotic and ROS generating effects were significantly higher in cancer cells than those observed in normal cells. Melatonin-induced cell death, and ROS generating activity were effectively inhibited by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) In conclusion, at low doses, melatonin has proliferative effects on both cancer and normal cells, whereas high concentrations have cytotoxic effects. Cytotoxic, genotoxic and apoptotic effects at higher doses of melatonin may be due to its ROS production capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 93034 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Eray Metin Guler
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 93034 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ersin Karatas
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 93034 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hifa Caglar
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 93034 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Huri Bulut
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 93034 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Zhou H, Ma Q, Zhu P, Ren J, Reiter RJ, Chen Y. Protective role of melatonin in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury: From pathogenesis to targeted therapy. J Pineal Res 2018; 64. [PMID: 29363153 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. In patients with MI, the treatment option for reducing acute myocardial ischemic injury and limiting MI size is timely and effective myocardial reperfusion using either thombolytic therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the procedure of reperfusion itself induces cardiomyocyte death, known as myocardial reperfusion injury, for which there is still no effective therapy. Recent evidence has depicted a promising role of melatonin, which possesses powerful antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, in the prevention of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and the protection against cardiomyocyte death. A number of reports explored the mechanism of action behind melatonin-induced beneficial effects against myocardial IR injury. In this review, we summarize the research progress related to IR injury and discuss the unique actions of melatonin as a protective agent. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms responsible for the myocardial benefits of melatonin against reperfusion injury are listed with the prospect of the use of melatonin in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pingjun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Chuffa LGDA, Reiter RJ, Lupi LA. Melatonin as a promising agent to treat ovarian cancer: molecular mechanisms. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:945-952. [PMID: 28575150 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological cancers, and most patients develop chemoresistance after first-line treatments. Despite recent advances, the 5-year relative survival is ~45% for all OC subtypes, and invasive epithelial OC has only a 17% survival rate when diagnosed at a late stage. Identification of new efficacious molecules or biomarkers represents important opportunities in the treatment of OC. The pharmacological and physiological properties of melatonin indicate this agent could be useful against OC progression and metastasis. In normal cells, melatonin has potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions. Conversely, melatonin has pro-oxidant as well as anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties in many cancer types including hormone-dependent cancers. Although melatonin receptors have been identified in OC cells, the exact mechanism by which melatonin induces anticancer activities remains incompletely understood. Clinical studies have reported negative correlation between aggressiveness of OC and serum levels of melatonin, reinforcing the idea that melatonin may be a critical factor determining OC development. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest melatonin differentially regulates multiple signaling pathways in OC cells. This focused review explores the potential mechanisms of action of melatonin on cultured OC cells and in experimental models of OC in an attempt to clarify how melatonin modulates the signaling pathways involved in cancer cell apoptosis, survival, inflammation, proliferation and metabolic processes. Based on the evidence presented, we feel that melatonin, as an agent that controls cellular signals associated with malignancy, may be beneficial in combination with other therapeutics for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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31
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Lo Sardo F, Muti P, Blandino G, Strano S. Melatonin and Hippo Pathway: Is There Existing Cross-Talk? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091913. [PMID: 28878191 PMCID: PMC5618562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an indolic hormone that regulates a plethora of functions ranging from the regulation of circadian rhythms and antioxidant properties to the induction and maintenance of tumor suppressor pathways. It binds to specific receptors as well as to some cytosolic proteins, leading to several cellular signaling cascades. Recently, the involvement of melatonin in cancer insurgence and progression has clearly been demonstrated. In this review, we will first describe the structure and functions of melatonin and its receptors, and then discuss both molecular and epidemiological evidence on melatonin anticancer effects. Finally, we will shed light on potential cross-talk between melatonin signaling and the Hippo signaling pathway, along with the possible implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lo Sardo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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32
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Ma Q, Wu X, Wu J, Liang Z, Liu T. SERP1 is a novel marker of poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients via anti-apoptosis and regulating SRPRB/NF-κB axis. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1104-1114. [PMID: 28902358 PMCID: PMC5592859 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 1 (SERP1), can cause accumulation of unfolded proteins in ER stress. However, studies on the role of SERP1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are still incomplete. The present study aimed at identifying whether SERP1 acts as a potential novel prognostic marker of PDAC, and analyzed its possible mechanism. GEO database analysis showed SERP1 was significantly upregulated in PDAC tissues, and strongly associated with advanced clinical stage of PDAC patients from TCGA database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis further revealed SERP1 high expression was an independent factor for the prognosis of PDAC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that SERP1 was mainly involved in regulating cell apoptosis and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and downregulated SERP1 significantly promoted PANC-1 cell apoptosis. To further explore its possible mechanism, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and gene ontology (GO) analysis showed the functions of proteins interacting with SERP1 were mainly enriched in regulating cell apoptosis, and SRP receptor β subunit (SRPRB) was the core of the whole PPI network. The expression of SERP1 was negatively correlated with SRPRB expression. In vitro, downregulated SERP1 significantly increased SRPRB expression. Furthermore, upregulated SRPRB could increase cell apoptosis rate and decreased the expression level of NF-κB and the phosphorylation NF-κB. The above results indicated that SERP1 as a potential novel prognostic marker of PDAC probably via regulating cell apoptosis and NF-κB activation, which may be associated with SRPRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xiuxiu Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Beijing Huairou Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Gatti G, Lucini V, Dugnani S, Calastretti A, Spadoni G, Bedini A, Rivara S, Mor M, Canti G, Scaglione F, Bevilacqua A. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity of melatonin analogues on melanoma and breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68338-68353. [PMID: 28978121 PMCID: PMC5620261 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin plays different physiological functions ranging from the regulation of circadian rhythms to tumor inhibition, owing to its antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-aging properties. Due to its pleiotropic functions, melatonin has been shown to elicit cytoprotective processes in normal cells and trigger pro-apoptotic signals in cancer cells. The therapeutic potential of melatonin analogues prompted us to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of new melatonin derivatives and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The experiments revealed that the new melatonin analogues inhibited the growth of melanoma and breast cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, our results indicated that melatonin derivative UCM 1037 could induce apoptosis in melanoma and breast cancer cells, as well as cell necrosis, in MCF-7. Together, apoptosis and necrosis could be two possible mechanisms to explain the cytotoxic effect of the melatonin analogue against cancer cells. The suppression of tumor growth by the melatonin analogues was further demonstrated in vivo in a xenograft mice model. A decrease in the activation of MAPK pathway was observed in all cancer cells following UCM 1037 treatment. Overall, this study describes a promising antitumor compound showing antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity in melanoma and breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Gatti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Dugnani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Calastretti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gilberto Spadoni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Annalida Bedini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Silvia Rivara
- Department of Food and Drug, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Department of Food and Drug, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Canti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Scaglione
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Bevilacqua
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Jaworek J, Leja-Szpak A, Nawrot-Porąbka K, Szklarczyk J, Kot M, Pierzchalski P, Góralska M, Ceranowicz P, Warzecha Z, Dembinski A, Bonior J. Effects of Melatonin and Its Analogues on Pancreatic Inflammation, Enzyme Secretion, and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051014. [PMID: 28481310 PMCID: PMC5454927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an indoleamine produced from the amino acid l-tryptophan, whereas metabolites of melatonin are known as kynuramines. One of the best-known kynuramines is N1-acetyl-N1-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK). Melatonin has attracted scientific attention as a potent antioxidant and protector of tissue against oxidative stress. l-Tryptophan and kynuramines share common beneficial features with melatonin. Melatonin was originally discovered as a pineal product, has been detected in the gastrointestinal tract, and its receptors have been identified in the pancreas. The role of melatonin in the pancreatic gland is not explained, however several arguments support the opinion that melatonin is probably implicated in the physiology and pathophysiology of the pancreas. (1) Melatonin stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion through the activation of entero-pancreatic reflex and cholecystokinin (CCK) release. l-Tryptophan and AFMK are less effective than melatonin in the stimulation of pancreatic exocrine function; (2) Melatonin is a successful pancreatic protector, which prevents the pancreas from developing of acute pancreatitis and reduces pancreatic damage. This effect is related to its direct and indirect antioxidant action, to the strengthening of immune defense, and to the modulation of apoptosis. Like melatonin, its precursor and AFMK are able to mimic its protective effect, and it is commonly accepted that all these substances create an antioxidant cascade to intensify the pancreatic protection and acinar cells viability; (3) In pancreatic cancer cells, melatonin and AFMK activated a signal transduction pathway for apoptosis and stimulated heat shock proteins. The role of melatonin and AFMK in pancreatic tumorigenesis remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Jaworek
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Anna Leja-Szpak
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Nawrot-Porąbka
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Szklarczyk
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Michalina Kot
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Piotr Pierzchalski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marta Góralska
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Piotr Ceranowicz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Zygmunt Warzecha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Artur Dembinski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Bonior
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland.
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