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Kabil MF, Gaber SAA, Hamzawy MA, El-Sherbiny IM, Nasr M. Folic/lactobionic acid dual-targeted polymeric nanocapsules for potential treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1338-1351. [PMID: 37930630 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that affects many patients diagnosed with hepatic cell inflammation and liver cirrhosis. Targeted polymeric nanocapsules could facilitate the internalization and accumulation of anticancer drugs. Dual-targeted folic acid/lactobionic acid-poly lactic co-glycolic acid nanocapsules (NCs) were prepared and loaded with pterostilbene (PTN) and characterized for their physicochemical properties, as well as in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity. NCs displayed a size of 222 nm, zeta potential of - 16.5 mV, and sustained release for 48 h. The IC50 of PTN NCs (5.87 ± 0.8 µg/mL) was 20 times lower than unencapsulated PTN (121.26 ± 9.42 µg/mL) on HepG2 liver cancer cells owing to the enhanced cellular uptake of the former, as delineated by flow cytometry. In vivo study on HCC-induced animals delineated the superiority of the dual-targeted NCs over the unencapsulated PTN, which significantly reduced the liver markers ALT, AST, and ALP, as well as the tumor-related markers AFP and Bcl2, and elevated the anti-apoptotic marker caspase 3. Furthermore, the NCs significantly reduced the oxidative stress and exhibited almost comparable histological features to the normal group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the dual-ligated folic acid/lactobionic acid nanocapsules can be considered a promising potential treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sara A Abdel Gaber
- Nanomedicine Department, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hamzawy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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2
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Lee YC, Chang YT, Cheng YH, Pranata R, Hsu HH, Chen YL, Chen RJ. Pterostilbene Protects against Osteoarthritis through NLRP3 Inflammasome Inactivation and Improves Gut Microbiota as Evidenced by In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72. [PMID: 38624135 PMCID: PMC11046483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a persistent inflammatory disease, and long-term clinical treatment often leads to side effects. In this study, we evaluated pterostilbene (PT), a natural anti-inflammatory substance, for its protective effects and safety during prolonged use on OA. Results showed that PT alleviated the loss of chondrocytes and widened the narrow joint space in an octacalcium phosphate (OCP)-induced OA mouse model (n = 3). In vitro experiments demonstrate that PT reduced NLRP3 inflammation activation (relative protein expression: C: 1 ± 0.09, lipopolysaccharide (LPS): 1.14 ± 0.07, PT: 0.91 ± 0.07, LPS + PT: 0.68 ± 0.04) and the release of inflammatory cytokines through NF-κB signaling inactivation (relative protein expression: C: 1 ± 0.03, LPS: 3.49 ± 0.02, PT: 0.66 ± 0.08, LPS + PT: 2.78 ± 0.05), ultimately preventing cartilage catabolism. Interestingly, PT also altered gut microbiota by reducing inflammation-associated flora and increasing the abundance of healthy bacteria in OA groups. Collectively, these results suggest that the PT can be considered as a protective strategy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chien Lee
- Department
of Oncology, Tainan Hospital, Tainan 70043, Taiwan
- Department
of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung
University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan 70043, Taiwan
- Department
of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College
of Nursing, Tainan 70043, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chang
- Department
of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsuan Cheng
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Rosita Pranata
- Department
of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Hsuan Hsu
- Department
of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Bioresource
Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food
Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Jane Chen
- Department
of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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3
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Khalil MI, Agamy AF, Elshewemi SS, Sultan AS, Abdelmeguid NE. Pterostilbene induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells: Biochemical, pathological, and molecular markers. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103717. [PMID: 37483838 PMCID: PMC10359945 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered the sixth most prevalent cancer and ranked third in causes leading to death. Pterostilbene (PTE), a dimethylated analog of resveratrol, is a phytochemical found in fruits such as blueberries and grapes, and is known for its anticancer effect. The current study intended to investigate the effect of PTE on HepG2 cells. Cell viability, colony-forming potential, lipid peroxidation, catalase enzyme (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and caspase 3 activities, histone release, and expression levels of mTOR, S6K1, p53, and STAT3 proteins were assessed in PTE-treated HepG2 cells. In addition, the cellular and ultrastructural alterations were evaluated by light and transmission electron microscopy. PTE induced a significant reduction in HepG2 viability in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 of PTE = 74 ± 6 μM), accompanied by a decrease in colony formation potential. PTE-treated cancer cells exhibited a decrease in lipid peroxidation and CAT activity, and an increase in histone release, caspase-3, and SOD activities. Ultrastructurally, PTE-treated cells exhibited notable cell shrinkage, reduced number of filopodia, increased vacuolization, apoptotic bodies, accumulation of lipid droplets, enlarged mitochondria, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, pyknotic nuclei, and cellular fragmentation. mTOR, S6K1, and STAT3 levels were downregulated, however p53 level was modulated in PTE-treated cells. The anticancer potential of PTE might be related to its ability to alter the ultrastructure morphology, reduce mitotic activity, and modulate some key protein required for cell proliferation, suggesting its potential to trigger cancer cells towards apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud I. Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
- Molecular Biology Unit, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Alaa F. Agamy
- Molecular Biology Unit, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed S. Sultan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
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4
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Surien O, Masre SF, Basri DF, Ghazali AR. Potential Chemopreventive Role of Pterostilbene in Its Modulation of the Apoptosis Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119707. [PMID: 37298657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence keeps increasing every year around the world and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Cancer has imposed a major burden on the human population, including the deterioration of physical and mental health as well as economic or financial loss among cancer patients. Conventional cancer treatments including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy have improved the mortality rate. However, conventional treatments have many challenges; for example, drug resistance, side effects, and cancer recurrence. Chemoprevention is one of the promising interventions to reduce the burden of cancer together with cancer treatments and early detection. Pterostilbene is a natural chemopreventive compound with various pharmacological properties such as anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, pterostilbene, due to its potential chemopreventive effect on inducing apoptosis in eliminating the mutated cells or preventing the progression of premalignant cells to cancerous cells, should be explored as a chemopreventive agent. Hence, in the review, we discuss the role of pterostilbene as a chemopreventive agent against various types of cancer via its modulation of the apoptosis pathway at the molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omchit Surien
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fathiah Masre
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Dayang Fredalina Basri
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic & Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Rohi Ghazali
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
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5
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Ahmed IA, Hafiz S, van Ginkel S, Pondugula SR, Abdelhaffez AS, Sayyed HG, El-Aziz EAA, Mansour MM. Augmentation of Docetaxel-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human PC-3 Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells by Combination With Four Natural Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Compounds. Nat Prod Commun 2023; 18:10.1177/1934578x231175323. [PMID: 37292146 PMCID: PMC10249917 DOI: 10.1177/1934578x231175323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is the treatment of choice for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, developing drug resistance is a significant challenge for achieving effective therapy. This study evaluated the anticancer and synergistic effects on DTX of four natural compounds (calebin A, 3'-hydroxypterostilbene, hispolon, and tetrahydrocurcumin) using PC-3 androgen-resistant human prostate cancer cells. We utilized the CellTiter-Glo® luminescent cell viability assay and human PC-3 androgen-independent prostate cancer cells to determine the antiproliferative effects of the four compounds alone and combined with DTX. Cytotoxicity to normal human prostate epithelial cells was tested in parallel using normal immortalized human prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1). We used cell imaging and quantitative caspase-3 activity to determine whether these compounds induce apoptosis. We also measured the capacity of each drug to inhibit TNF-α-induced NF-kB using a colorimetric assay. Our results showed that all four natural compounds significantly augmented the toxicity of DTX to androgen-resistant PC-3 prostate cancer cells at IC50. Interestingly, when used alone, each of the four compounds had a higher cytotoxic activity to PC-3 than DTX. Mechanistically, these compounds induced apoptosis, which we confirmed by cell imaging and caspase-3 colorimetric assays. Further, when used either alone or combined with DTX, the four test compounds inhibited TNF-α-induced NF-kB production. More significantly, the cytotoxic effects on normal immortalized human prostate epithelial cells were minimal and non-significant, suggesting prostate cancer-specific effects. In conclusion, the combination of DTX with the four test compounds could effectively enhance the anti-prostate cancer activity of DTX. This combination has the added value of reducing the DTX effective concentration. We surmise that calebin A, 3'-hydroxypterostilbene, hispolon, and tetrahydrocurcumin were all excellent drug candidates that produced significant antiproliferative activity when used alone and synergistically enhanced the anticancer effect of DTX. Further in vivo studies using animal models of prostate cancer are needed to confirm our in vitro findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inass A Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Saly Hafiz
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sabrina van Ginkel
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Satyanarayana R Pondugula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Hayam G Sayyed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud M Mansour
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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The Involvement of Natural Polyphenols in Molecular Mechanisms Inducing Apoptosis in Tumor Cells: A Promising Adjuvant in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021680. [PMID: 36675194 PMCID: PMC9863215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various literature data show how a diet rich in vegetables could reduce the incidence of several cancers due to the contribution of the natural polyphenols contained in them. Polyphenols are attributed multiple pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antibiotic, antiseptic, anti-allergic, cardioprotective and even anti-tumor properties. The multiple mechanisms involved in their anti-tumor action include signaling pathways modulation associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, metastasis and cell death. Since the dysregulation of death processes is involved in cancer etiopathology, the natural compounds able to kill cancer cells could be used as new anticancer agents. Apoptosis, a programmed form of cell death, is the most potent defense against cancer and the main mechanism used by both chemotherapy agents and polyphenols. The aim of this review is to provide an update of literature data on the apoptotic molecular mechanisms induced by some representative polyphenol family members in cancer cells. This aspect is particularly important because it may be useful in the design of new therapeutic strategies against cancer involving the polyphenols as adjuvants.
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Triacetyl Resveratrol Inhibits PEDV by Inducing the Early Apoptosis In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314499. [PMID: 36498827 PMCID: PMC9737061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PEDV represents an ancient Coronavirus still causing huge economic losses to the porcine breeding industry. Resveratrol has excellent antiviral effects. Triacetyl resveratrol (TCRV), a novel natural derivative of resveratrol, has been recently discovered, and its pharmacological effects need to be explored further. This paper aims to explore the relationship between PEDV and TCRV, which offers a novel strategy in the research of antivirals. In our study, Vero cells and IPEC-J2 cells were used as an in vitro model. First, we proved that TCRV had an obvious anti-PEDV effect and a strong inhibitory effect at different time points. Then, we explored the mechanism of inhibition of PEDV infection by TCRV. Our results showed that TCRV could induce the early apoptosis of PEDV-infected cells, in contrast to PEDV-induced apoptosis. Moreover, we observed that TCRV could promote the expression and activation of apoptosis-related proteins and release mitochondrial cytochrome C into cytoplasm. Based on these results, we hypothesized that TCRV induced the early apoptosis of PEDV-infected cells and inhibited PEDV infection by activating the mitochondria-related caspase pathway. Furthermore, we used the inhibitors Z-DEVD-FMK and Pifithrin-α (PFT-α) to support our hypothesis. In conclusion, the TCRV-activated caspase pathway triggered early apoptosis of PEDV-infected cells, thereby inhibiting PEDV infections.
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8
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Chemopreventive Effects of Oral Pterostilbene in Multistage Carcinogenesis of Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma Mouse Model Induced by DMBA/TPA. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112743. [PMID: 36359262 PMCID: PMC9687295 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a type of non-melanoma skin cancer. Pterostilbene is a natural compound proven to exhibit various pharmacological properties, including chemo-preventive effects. This study aimed to explore the chemo-preventive effect of oral pterostilbene during initiation, promotion or continuous on multistage skin SCC mouse models induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The experimental design consists of five groups of female Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice, with two control groups of vehicle and cancer. Three oral pterostilbene groups consisted of orally administered pterostilbene during initiation, promotion, or continuously. Oral pterostilbene significantly reduced the number and volume of tumours. Oral pterostilbene demonstrated less severe skin histology changes compared to the cancer control group, with less pleomorphic in the cells and nuclei, and the basement membrane remained intact. Our results showed fewer invasive tumours in oral PT-treated groups than in cancer groups that displayed mitotic bodies, highly pleomorphic cells and nuclei, and basement membrane invasion. The cell proliferation marker (Ki-67) was reduced in oral pterostilbene-treated groups. Overall, oral pterostilbene is a promising chemo-preventive intervention due to its anti-initiation and anti-promotion on skin carcinogenesis. Thus, the potential molecular mechanisms of oral pterostilbene chemo-prevention agent should be explored.
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9
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New Insights into Dietary Pterostilbene: Sources, Metabolism, and Health Promotion Effects. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196316. [PMID: 36234852 PMCID: PMC9571692 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTS), a compound most abundantly found in blueberries, is a natural analog of resveratrol. Several plant species, such as peanuts and grapes, produce PTS. While resveratrol has been extensively studied for its antioxidant properties, recent evidence also points out the diverse therapeutic potential of PTS. Several studies have identified the robust pharmacodynamic features of PTS, including better intestinal absorption and elevated hepatic stability than resveratrol. Indeed, due to its higher bioavailability paired with reduced toxicity compared to other stilbenes, PTS has become an attractive drug candidate for the treatment of several disease conditions, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging. This review article provides an extensive summary of the nutraceutical potential of PTS in various disease conditions while discussing the crucial mechanistic pathways implicated. In particular, we share insights from our studies about the Nrf2-mediated effect of PTS in diabetes and associated complications. Moreover, we elucidate the important sources of PTS and discuss in detail its pharmacokinetics and the range of formulations and routes of administration used across experimental studies and human clinical trials. Furthermore, this review also summarizes the strategies successfully used to improve dietary availability and the bio-accessibility of PTS.
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Roshani M, Jafari A, Loghman A, Sheida AH, Taghavi T, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Hamblin MR, Homayounfal M, Mirzaei H. Applications of resveratrol in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113274. [PMID: 35724505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural product compounds have lately attracted interest in the scientific community as a possible treatment for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, due to their anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. There are many preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological studies, suggesting that the consumption of polyphenol compounds, which are abundant in vegetables, grains, fruits, and pulses, may help to prevent various illnesses and disorders from developing, including several GI cancers. The development of GI malignancies follows a well-known path, in which normal gastrointestinal cells acquire abnormalities in their genetic composition, causing the cells to continuously proliferate, and metastasize to other sites, especially the brain and liver. Natural compounds with the ability to affect oncogenic pathways might be possible treatments for GI malignancies, and could easily be tested in clinical trials. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol and a natural stilbene, acting as a phytoestrogen with anti-cancer, cardioprotective, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Resveratrol has been shown to overcome resistance mechanisms in cancer cells, and when combined with conventional anticancer drugs, could sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Several new resveratrol analogs and nanostructured delivery vehicles with improved anti-GI cancer efficacy, absorption, and pharmacokinetic profiles have already been developed. This present review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo effects of resveratrol on GI cancers, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Roshani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Mina Homayounfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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11
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Wu WY, Wang ZX, Li TS, Ding XQ, Liu ZH, Yang J, Fang L, Kong LD. SSBP1 drives high fructose-induced glomerular podocyte ferroptosis via activating DNA-PK/p53 pathway. Redox Biol 2022; 52:102303. [PMID: 35390676 PMCID: PMC8990215 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
High fructose consumption is a significant risking factor for glomerular podocyte injury. However, the causes of high fructose-induced glomerular podocyte injury are still unclear. In this study, we reported a novel mechanism by which high fructose induced ferroptosis, a newly form of programmed cell death, in glomerular podocyte injury. We performed quantitative proteomic analysis in glomeruli of high fructose-fed rats to identify key regulating proteins involved in glomerular injury, and found that mitochondrial single-strand DNA-binding protein 1 (SSBP1) was markedly upregulated. Depletion of SSBP1 could alleviate high fructose-induced ferroptotic cell death in podocytes. Subsequently, we found that SSBP1 positively regulated a transcription factor p53 by interacting with DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and p53 to drive ferroptosis in high fructose-induced podocyte injury. Mechanically, SSBP1 activated DNA-PK to induce p53 phosphorylation at serine 15 (S15) to promote the nuclear accumulation of p53, and thereby inhibited expression of ferroptosis regulator solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) in high fructose-exposed podocytes. Natural antioxidant pterostilebene was showed to downregulate SSBP1 and then inhibit DNA-PK/p53 pathway in its alleviation of high fructose-induced glomerular podocyte ferroptosis and injury. This study identified SSBP1 as a novel intervention target against high fructose-induced podocyte ferroptosis and suggested that the suppression of SSBP1 by pterostilbene may be a potential therapy for the treatment of podocyte ferroptosis in glomerular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Tu-Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine & Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
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12
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Ma L, Lu Y, Li Y, Yang Z, Mao Y, Wang Y, Man S. A novel halogenated adenosine analog 5'-BrDA displays potent toxicity against colon cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 436:115857. [PMID: 34979143 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine, as a naturally occurring nucleoside, plays an important role in human health maintenance. In recent years, many studies have shown that adenosine has the effect of cancer inhibition, and some of its analogs have been successfully marketed as anticancer drugs. This report mainly describes the anti-colon cancer activities and mechanism of a novel halogenated adenosine analog named 5'-bromodeoxyadenosine (5'-BrDA). As a result, 5'-BrDA concentration-dependently inhibited colon cancer cells proliferation, induced autophagy without disruption of lysosomal stability, and promoted autophagy-independently cellular mitochondrial apoptosis by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, 5'-BrDA inhibited the tumor growth of colon cancer in CT26 inbred mice without affecting the body weight in vivo. Collectively, the above-mentioned mechanisms contributed to the anticancer activity of 5'-BrDA. It is rare to discover novel anticancer adenosine analogs during the past couple of decades. We believe that our work will enrich the understanding of adenosine analogs, also, pave the way for adenosine analogs product based anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yingying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yaqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhizhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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13
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Mohamed DAW, Elazeem HMA, Al-Hameid HA, Mohamed RH, Abdel-Salam MF, Abuelela S, Abozeid AA, Mohamad MI. Low dose pterostilbene-mediated hepatic chemoprevention in diethylnitrosamine-treated rats: Modulation of Ppar alpha, Nrf2 and Capase3 expression. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Surien O, Ghazali AR, Masre SF. Chemopreventive effects of pterostilbene through p53 and cell cycle in mouse lung of squamous cell carcinoma model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14862. [PMID: 34290382 PMCID: PMC8295275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation and cell death abnormalities are strongly linked to the development of cancer, including lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pterostilbene on cell proliferation and cell death via cell cycle arrest during the transition from G1 to S phase and the p53 pathway. A total of 24 female Balb/C mice were randomly categorized into four groups (n = 6): N-nitroso-tris-chloroethyl urea (NTCU) induced SCC of the lungs, vehicle control, low dose of 10 mg/kg PS + NTCU (PS10), and high dose of 50 mg/kg PS + NTCU (PS50). At week 26, all lungs were harvested for immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis. Ki-67 expression is significantly lower, while caspase-3 expression is significantly higher in PS10 and PS50 as compared to the NTCU (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in cyclin D1 and cyclin E2 protein expression in PS10 and PS50 when compared to the NTCU (p < 0.05). PS50 significantly increased p53, p21, and p27 protein expression when compared to NTCU (p < 0.05). Pterostilbene is a potential chemoprevention agent for lung SCC as it has the ability to upregulate the p53/p21 pathway, causing cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omchit Surien
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Rohi Ghazali
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fathiah Masre
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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15
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Morshedi K, Borran S, Ebrahimi MS, Masoud Khooy MJ, Seyedi ZS, Amiri A, Abbasi-Kolli M, Fallah M, Khan H, Sahebkar A, Mirzaei H. Therapeutic effect of curcumin in gastrointestinal cancers: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4834-4897. [PMID: 34173992 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers with a high global prevalence are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, there is a great need to develop efficient therapeutic approaches. Curcumin, a naturally occurring agent, is a promising compound with documented safety and anticancer activities. Recent studies have demonstrated the activity of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of different cancers. According to systematic studies on curcumin use in various diseases, it can be particularly effective in GI cancers because of its high bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract. Nevertheless, the clinical applications of curcumin are largely limited because of its low solubility and low chemical stability in water. These limitations may be addressed by the use of relevant analogues or novel delivery systems. Herein, we summarize the pharmacological effects of curcumin against GI cancers. Moreover, we highlight the application of curcumin's analogues and novel delivery systems in the treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korosh Morshedi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sarina Borran
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Zeynab Sadat Seyedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fallah
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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16
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Pterostilbene in Cancer Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030492. [PMID: 33801098 PMCID: PMC8004113 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are organic chemicals which contain phenol units in their structures and possess antitumor properties. However, a key problem is their short half-life and low bioavailability under in vivo conditions. Pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxystilbene; PT) is a phytoalexin originally isolated from the heartwood of red sandalwood. As recently reported by our group, PT was shown to be effective in the treatment of melanoma. Counterintuitively, PT is not effective (cytotoxic) against melanoma in vitro, and only under in vivo conditions does PT display its anticancer activity. This study elucidated that PT can be effective against melanoma through the inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone production in the brain of a mouse, which weakens the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defenses of melanoma and also pancreatic cancers. This results in both the inhibition of tumor growth and sensitization of the tumor to oxidative stress. Moreover, PT can promote cancer cell death via a mechanism involving lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Different grades of susceptibility were observed among the different cancer cells depending on their lysosomal heat shock protein 70 content, a known stabilizer of lysosomal membranes. In addition, the safety of PT administered i.v. has been evaluated in mice. PT was found to be pharmacologically safe because it showed no organ-specific or systemic toxicity (including tissue histopathologic examination and regular hematology and clinical chemistry data) even when administered i.v. at a high dose (30 mg/kg per day × 23 days). Moreover, new pharmacological advances are being developed to increase its bioavailability and, thereby, its bioefficacy. Therefore, although applications of PT in cancer therapy are just beginning to be explored, it represents a potential (and effective) adjuvant/sensitizing therapy which may improve the results of various oncotherapies. The aim of this review is to present and discuss the results that in our opinion best support the usefulness of PT in cancer therapy, making special emphasis on the in vivo evidence.
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17
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Pterostilbene promotes mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in glioma cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6381. [PMID: 33737656 PMCID: PMC7973728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most general primary and lethal intracranial malignant tumor. Pterostilbene (PTE), an analog of stilbene and resveratrol, has attracted attention in recent years due to its significant antitumor activity in multiple solid tumors; however, its effect on drug-resistant glioma cells and the underlying mechanism have not yet been reported. In this study, we found that pterostilbene inhibited proliferation, induced intrinsic mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and caused S phase arrest, inhibited migration and excessive invasion in glioma cells. Pretreatment with the pan-caspase-inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK attenuated the PTE-induced apoptosis of glioma cells. Moreover, PTE significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Inhibition of ROS with N-acetyl-l-cysteine not only rescued PTE-induced reduction of cellular viability but also prevented glioma cell apoptosis. We also discovered ERK 1/2 and JNK signaling pathways were activated by PTE and contributed to induce glioma cell apoptosis. In addition, specific inhibitors of ERK 1/2 and JNK attenuated PTE-induced apoptosis. Besides, PTE significantly reduced tumor volume and prolonged median survival of tumor-bearing rats in vivo. In summary, the results of this study indicate that the anti-tumor effect of PTE on glioma cells may provide a new treatment option for glioma patients.
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18
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Tzeng WS, Teng WL, Huang PH, Lin TC, Yen FL, Shiue YL. Pterostilbene Nanoparticles Downregulate Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Hepatoma Cells Under Hypoxic Conditions. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:867-879. [PMID: 33574667 PMCID: PMC7873716 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s282172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a common clinical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, hypoxia induction after treatment might trigger tumor invasiveness and metastasis. Although pterostilbene (PTS) has antitumor effects, its chemoprevention in HepG2 cells under hypoxia has not been investigated yet. In addition, the poor water solubility of raw PTS limits its clinical application. Here, we prepared nanoparticles of PTS (PSN) and compared their antihepatoma activities with those of raw PTS in HepG2 under hypoxic conditions. Materials and Methods The PTS nanoparticle formulation was prepared by nanoprecipitation, using Eudragit® e100 (EE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as carriers. We analyzed the physicochemical properties of raw PTS and PSN, including yield, encapsulation efficiency, water-solubility, particle size, morphology, crystalline-to-amorphous transformation, and molecular interaction between PTS and carriers. We also evaluated their antihepatoma activities under hypoxia treatment in HepG2 cells, including cell viability, hypoxia, and apoptosis. Results The yield and encapsulation efficiency of PSN were 86.33% and >99%, respectively. The water solubility and drug release of PTS were effectively improved after nanoprecipitation corresponding to the reduction in particle size, amorphous transformation, and formation of hydrogen bonding with carriers. PSN had a better cytotoxic effect than raw PTS in HepG2 under pre- and post-hypoxia conditions. In addition, hypoxia- and apoptosis-related proteins in HepG2 cells under two different hypoxic conditions were significantly inhibited by PSN compared with the control group with hypoxia only, except for HIF-1α in the post-hypoxia group. PSN was also significantly better in inhibiting these proteins, except for Bcl2, under pre-hypoxic conditions. Conclusion Our results suggested that PSN could improve the water solubility and drug release of PTS and enhance the efficacy of HCC treatment under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Radiology, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Teng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Lin Yen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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19
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Song J, Ham J, Hong T, Song G, Lim W. Fraxetin Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis through Mitochondria Dysfunction in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines Huh7 and Hep3B. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010112. [PMID: 33477262 PMCID: PMC7830088 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fraxetin is a coumarin scaffold compound extracted from Fraxinus rhynchophylla. It has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antifibrotic effects. Furthermore, fraxetin has anticancer effects in breast and lung cancer. We aimed to evaluate whether fraxetin has anticancer activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its underlying mechanism. We demonstrated the anticancer effects of fraxetin in the HCC cell lines Huh7 and Hep3B. We confirmed that fraxetin inhibited cell proliferation (42% ± 10% Huh7; 52% ± 7% Hep3B) by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in both cell lines. Moreover, fraxetin increased reactive oxygen species production (221% ± 55% Huh7; 460% ± 73% Hep3B), depolarized the mitochondrial membranes (ΔΨm) (345% ± 160% Huh7; 462% ± 140% Hep3B), and disrupted calcium homeostasis in both HCC cell lines. Chelating calcium ions with BAPTA-AM restored proliferation in fraxetin-treated Huh7 cells but not in Hep3B cells. Fraxetin did not affect the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2, whereas it decreased JNK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling. Furthermore, fraxetin and mitogen-activated protein kinase pharmacological inhibitors had synergistic antiproliferative effects on HCC cells. Although our study was limited to in vitro data that require validation, we suggest that fraxetin is a potential therapeutic agent against HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (J.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (J.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (W.L.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3012 (G.S.); +82-2-910-4773 (W.L.)
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (J.S.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (W.L.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3012 (G.S.); +82-2-910-4773 (W.L.)
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20
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Recent Advances in Synthesis, Bioactivity, and Pharmacokinetics of Pterostilbene, an Important Analog of Resveratrol. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215166. [PMID: 33171952 PMCID: PMC7664215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene is a natural 3,5-dimethoxy analog of resveratrol. This stilbene compound has a strong bioactivity and exists widely in Dalbergia and Vaccinium spp. Besides natural extraction, pterostilbene can be obtained by biosynthesis. Pterostilbene has become popular because of its remarkable pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotection. Pterostilbene can be rapidly absorbed and is widely distributed in tissues, but it does not seriously accumulate in the body. Pterostilbene can easily pass through the blood-brain barrier because of its low molecular weight and good liposolubility. In this review, the studies performed in the last three years on resources, synthesis, bioactivity, and pharmacokinetics of pterostilbene are summarized. This review focuses on the effects of pterostilbene on certain diseases to explore its targets, explain the possible mechanism, and look for potential therapeutic applications.
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21
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Elsherbini AM, Sheweita SA, Sultan AS. Pterostilbene as a Phytochemical Compound Induces Signaling Pathways Involved in the Apoptosis and Death of Mutant P53-Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1976-1984. [PMID: 32900227 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1817513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene is a natural nonflavonoid polyphenolic compound. It shows a remarkable range of biological activities, including antiproliferative, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant activity. However, the mechanism of action of PT in breast cancer cells containing mutant p53 protein has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study was aimed at investigating the influence of PT on signaling pathways involved in the apoptosis of mutant p53-breast cancer cell lines. Immunocytochemistry and Western Immunoblotting techniques were used in this study. The present data showed that the viabilities and the proliferations of MDA-MB-231 and T-47D decreased significantly (P < 0.001) after treatment with different concentrations of PT. In addition, the morphological characteristics of both cell lines were changed after treatment with PT. Decreased protein expression of mutant p53 (R280 K, L194F) in MDA-MB-231 and T-47D breast cancer cell lines has also been achieved. In addition, overexpression of pro-apoptotic (Bax) protein, caspase-3 activity and histone release were increased after treatment of both cell lines with different PT concentrations. Furthermore, the protein expressions of cyclin D1, mTOR, and oncogenic β-catenin were significantly downregulated after treatment of both cell lines with PT. In conclusion, downregulations of protein expression of mutant p53, cyclin D1, mTOR, and β-catenin were increased after both cell lines had been treated with pterostilbene. PT could point to a promising use against the development and the progression of breast cancer as a natural therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Elsherbini
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salah A Sheweita
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Sultan
- Department of Biochemistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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22
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Yu CL, Yang SF, Hung TW, Lin CL, Hsieh YH, Chiou HL. Inhibition of eIF2α dephosphorylation accelerates pterostilbene-induced cell death in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in an ER stress and autophagy-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:418. [PMID: 31138785 PMCID: PMC6538697 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the one of the most common cancers worldwide. Because the side effects of current treatments are severe, new effective therapeutic strategies are urgently required. Pterostilbene (PT), a natural analogue of resveratrol, has diverse pharmacologic activities, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. Here we demonstrated that PT inhibits HCC cell growth without the induction of apoptosis in an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress- and autophagy-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies indicated that the combination of salubrinal and PT modulates ER stress-related autophagy through the phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α/activating transcription factor-4/LC3 pathway, leading to a further inhibition of eIF2α dephosphorylation and the potentiation of cell death. An in vivo xenograft analysis revealed that PT significantly reduced tumour growth in mice with a SK-Hep-1 tumour xenograft. Taken together, our results yield novel insights into the pivotal roles of PT in ER stress- and autophagy-dependent cell death in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lin Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hung
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Clinical laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ling Chiou
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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23
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Xue YN, Liu YN, Su J, Li JL, Wu Y, Guo R, Yu BB, Yan XY, Zhang LC, Sun LK, Li Y. Zinc cooperates with p53 to inhibit the activity of mitochondrial aconitase through reactive oxygen species accumulation. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2462-2473. [PMID: 30972978 PMCID: PMC6536939 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a central hallmark of cancer. Therefore, targeting metabolism may provide an effective strategy for identifying promising drug targets for cancer treatment. In prostate cancer, cells undergo metabolic transformation from zinc‐accumulating, citrate‐producing cells to citrate‐oxidizing malignant cells with lower zinc levels and higher mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2) activity. ACO2 is a Krebs cycle enzyme that converts citrate to isocitrate and is sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated damage. In this study, we found that the expression of ACO2 is positively correlated with the malignancy of prostate cancer. Both zinc and p53 can lead to an increase in ROS. ACO2 can be a target for remodeling metabolism by sensing changes in the ROS levels of prostate cancer. Our results indicate that targeting ACO2 through zinc and p53 can change prostate cancer metabolism, and thus provides a potential new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ya-Nan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiu-Ling Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bing-Bing Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Li-Chao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lian-Kun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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24
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Yang H, Bai X, Zhang H, Zhang J, Wu Y, Tang C, Liu Y, Yang Y, Liu Z, Jia W, Wang W. Antrodin C, an NADPH Dependent Metabolism, Encourages Crosstalk between Autophagy and Apoptosis in Lung Carcinoma Cells by Use of an AMPK Inhibition-Independent Blockade of the Akt/mTOR Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:E993. [PMID: 30870998 PMCID: PMC6429145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to explore the possible anti-lung carcinoma activity of ADC as well as the underlying mechanisms by which ADC exerts its actions in NSCLC. Findings showed that ADC potently inhibited the viability of SPCA-1, induced apoptosis triggered by ROS, and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase via a P53 signaling pathway. Interestingly, phenomena such as autophagosomes accumulation, conversion of the LC3-I to LC3-II, etc., indicated that autophagy could be activated by ADC. The blockage of autophagy-augmented ADC induced inhibition of cell proliferation, while autophagy activation restored cell death, indicating that autophagy had a protective effect against cell death which was induced by ADC treatment. Meanwhile, ADC treatment suppressed both the Akt/mTOR and AMPK signaling pathways. The joint action of both ADC and the autophagy inhibitor significantly increased the death of SPCA-1. An in vitro phase I metabolic stability assay showed that ADC was highly metabolized in SD rat liver microsomes and moderately metabolized in human liver microsomes, which will assist in predicting the outcomes of clinical pharmacokinetics and toxicity studies. These findings imply that blocking the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which was independent of AMPK inhibition, could activate ADC-induced protective autophagy in non-small-cell lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
- WuXi App Tec Co, Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xu Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Henan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yingying Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Chuanhong Tang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yan Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Food Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China.
| | - Wei Jia
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Wenhan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
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25
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Hsieh MT, Huang LJ, Wu TS, Lin HY, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Kuo SC. Synthesis and antitumor activity of bis(hydroxymethyl)propionate analogs of pterostilbene in cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3909-3916. [PMID: 29908756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a new drug substance with low toxicity and effective inhibitory activity against cisplatin-resistant oral cancer. The naturally produced pterostilbene was selected as the lead compound for design and synthesis of a series of bis(hydroxymethyl)propionate-based prodrugs. All derivatives were screened for antiproliferative effects against the cisplatin-resistant oral squamous (CAR) cell line and the results indicated that several compounds demonstrated superior inhibitory activity compared with pterostilbene and resveratrol. Among them, the most promising compound, 12, was evaluated for in vivo antitumor activity in a CAR xenograft nude mouse model. Obvious antitumor activity was observed at the lowest oral dose (25 mg/kg/day). Increasing the dose of 12 to 100 mg/kg/day reduced the tumor size to 22% of the control group. Based on these findings as well as the extremely low toxicity seen in the in vivo studies, we believe that compound 12 could serve as a new lead for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Tsang Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jiau Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
| | - Sheng-Chu Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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26
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Chang HP, Lu CC, Chiang JH, Tsai FJ, Juan YN, Tsao JW, Chiu HY, Yang JS. Pterostilbene modulates the suppression of multidrug resistance protein 1 and triggers autophagic and apoptotic mechanisms in cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer CAR cells via AKT signaling. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1504-1514. [PMID: 29512708 PMCID: PMC5873834 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene is a natural polyphenolic compound that is primarily found in fruits, such as blueberries and has a similar structure to resveratrol. Pterostilbene exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity but the effects of pterostilbene on drug-resistant oral cancer cells and its underlying mechanisms of action have not yet been explored. Therefore, the present study was performed to clarify the anticancer effects of pterostilbene on cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer CAR cells. The results demonstrated that CAR cells exhibited marked shrinkage, cell membrane breakage and autophagic vacuole formation following treatment with pterostilbene. Pterostilbene also effectively inhibited cell viability and suppressed cell confluence in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Probing with acridine orange, monodansylcadaverine and LysoTracker Red demonstrated that the number of acidic vesicular organelles was increased, indicating increased autophagy. Furthermore, Heochst 33342 staining determined that DNA condensation, a characteristic of apoptosis, was enhanced following treatment with pterostilbene. Furthermore, pterostilbene upregulated mRNA levels of LC3-II and Atg12, as well as the expression of Atgs/Beclin-1/LC3-associated signaling, suggesting that it enhances autophagy. The autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and chloroquine were used to confirm that pterostilbene induces autophagy. It was also determined that pterostilbene triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis by directly testing DNA breakage and using the pan-caspase inhibitor carbobenzoxyvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone. The results demonstrated that pterostilbene mediates the apoptosis of CAR cells via the intrinsic apoptotic cascade. In addition, pterostilbene inhibited MDR1 expression and the phosphorylation of AKT on the Ser473 site in CAR cells. Therefore, pterostilbene may elicit an oral anticancer response in drug-resistant cells and may be used as a chemotherapeutic adjuvant to treat patients with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jo-Hua Chiang
- Department of Nursing, Chung Jen Catholic Junior College, Chiayi 622, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Ning Juan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Je-Wei Tsao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hong-Yi Chiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
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27
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Li W, Jiang Z, Xiao X, Wang Z, Wu Z, Ma Q, Cao L. Curcumin inhibits superoxide dismutase-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1593-1602. [PMID: 29512729 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound derived from turmeric. It possesses multiple pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor progression properties. Our recent study demonstrated that superoxide dismutase (SOD)-dependent production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) promoted the invasive and migratory activity of pancreatic cancer cells. However, whether curcumin suppresses SOD-induced cancer progression and the related mechanisms remains unclear. Since epithelial‑to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in tumor metastasis, the aim of the present study was to examine whether curcumin intervenes with SOD-induced EMT in pancreatic cancer and the underlying mechanism. The human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and Panc-1 were exposed to SOD in the presence or absence of curcumin, catalase (CAT, a scavenger of H2O2), or LY 294002 [a phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor]. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2 were evaluated by 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorecein diacetate and H2O2 assay, respectively. The activation of p-Akt and p-nuclear factor (NF)-κB were examined by western blotting. The migratory and invasive abilities of pancreatic cancer cells were tested by the wound healing and Transwell invasion assays. The expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin (EMT-related genes) were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. The findings of the present study demonstrated that curcumin decreased SOD-induced production of ROS and H2O2 in BxPC-3 and Panc-1 cells. Curcumin was able to suppress SOD-induced invasion and migration, and it also regulated the expression of the above‑mentioned EMT-related genes and cell morphology. SOD-induced cell invasion was also inhibited by catalase and LY 294002. Furthermore, the levels of p-Akt and p-NF-κB caused by SOD could be offset by treatment with curcumin and LY 294002. To summarize, these results demonstrated that curcumin was able to prevent SOD-driven H2O2-induced pancreatic cancer metastasis by blocking the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. The use of curcumin to inhibit the H2O2/Akt/NF-κB axis may be a promising therapeutic approach to the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zhengdong Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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