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Zhou H, Wang J, Wen T. The molecular neural mechanism underlying the acceleration of brain aging due to Dcf1 deficiency. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 126:103884. [PMID: 37506857 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the continuous increase in human life expectancy, the management of aging-related diseases has become an urgent issue. The brain dominates the central nervous system; therefore, brain aging is a key area of aging-related research. We previously uncovered that dendritic cell factor 1 (Dcf1) maintains the stemness of neural stem cells and its expression in Drosophila can prolong lifespan, suggesting an association between Dcf1 and aging; however, the specific underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we show for the first time that hippocampal neurogenesis is decreased in aged Dcf1-/- mice, which leads to a decrease in the number of brain neurons and an increased number of senescent cells. Moreover, astrocytes proliferate abnormally and express elevated mRNA levels of aging-related factors, in addition to displaying increased activation of Akt and Foxo3a. Finally, behavioral tests confirm that aged Dcf1-/- mice exhibit a significant decline in cognitive abilities related to learning and memory. In conclusion, we reveal a novel mechanism underlying brain aging triggered by Dcf1 deficiency at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and behavioral levels, providing a new perspective for the exploration of brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haicong Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University Shanghai, China
| | - Tieqiao Wen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University Shanghai, China.
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2
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Abd-Allah GM, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EG, El-Husseiny AA, Abdelmaksoud NM, Salman A, Elkhawaga SY, Doghish AS. miRNAs as potential game-changers in melanoma: A comprehensive review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 244:154424. [PMID: 36989843 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the sixth most frequent malignancy. It represents 1.7% of all cancer cases worldwide. Many risk factors are associated with melanoma including ultraviolet radiation skin phenotype, Pigmented Nevi, Pesticides, and genetic and epigenetic factors. Of the main epigenetic factors affecting melanoma are microribonucleic acids (miRNAs). They are short nucleic acid chains that have the potential to prevent the expression of a number of target genes. They could target a number of genes related to melanoma initiation, stemness, angiogenesis, apoptosis, proliferation, and potential resistance to treatment. Additionally, they can control several melanoma signaling pathways, including P53, WNT/-catenin, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, TGF- β, and EGFR. MiRNAs also play a role in the resistance of melanoma to essential treatment regimens. The stability and abundance of miRNAs might be important factors enhancing the use of miRNAs as markers of prognosis, diagnosis, stemness, survival, and metastasis in melanoma patients.
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Duan L, Liu Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Liu C, Wang J. Panax notoginseng Saponins Alleviate Coronary Artery Disease Through Hypermethylation of the miR-194-MAPK Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:829416. [PMID: 35784716 PMCID: PMC9243564 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.829416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) may have an inhibitory effect against coronary artery disease (CAD); however, the mechanism is unclear. Recent research has begun to evaluate the role of epigenetics in CAD. Our team found that hypomethylation of miR-194 could be an important mechanism of CAD. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PNS against CAD and evaluate whether the mechanism is related to methylation of mi-R194. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial with a double-blind placebo design on 84 patients with CAD. Treatment was continued for 4 weeks, and the clinical effect of PNS on CAD was observed. Methylation of miR-194, its promoter, and the key nodes of the MAPK pathway were measured by pyrosequencing and qRT-PCR. We then conducted a pharmacological analysis of the active components of PNS. The effects of PNS on oxidized human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the methylation of miR-194, its promoter, and the key nodes of the MAPK pathway were measured in vitro through methylation-specific PCR (MSPCR), qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and annexin V/propidium iodide apoptosis assay. Results: PNS improved symptoms of CAD. High-density lipoprotein and white blood cell count demonstrated significant changes after treatment in the PNS group. No significant difference was observed between miR-194 and mRNA MAPK, FAS, RAS, and FOS in the PNS group after treatment. However, some notable trends were observed in these genes. The targets of PNS were predicted by the pharmacological components. Some targets were found to be differentially expressed genes in CAD sequencing. Six genes, including MAPK1, RAS, and FASL, were common targets of PNS in CAD sequencing. Correlations were observed between genes in the interaction network and clinical parameters. In vitro experiments confirmed that PNS could change the methylation of miR-194, its promoter, and MAPK, FAS, RAS, and FOS. Intervention with PNS is likely to improve apoptosis. Conclusion: We reported the regulation of miR-194 promoter, miR-194, and MAPK methylation by PNS through cell experiments and a randomized controlled trial. PNS can be used for intervention in CAD by targeting the miR-194 promoter-miR-194-MAPK signaling pathway. Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/, NCT03083119.
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Li X, Jia Y, Wang J, Ao X. FOXO3a in cancer drug resistance. Cancer Lett 2022; 540:215724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chen L, Luo W, Ji P, Li Z, Yan Y, Zhou Q. Effects of BMI1 Gene on Regulating Apoptosis, Invasion, and Migration of HEC-1B Cells Induced by Ionizing Radiation. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:7052066. [PMID: 35281533 PMCID: PMC8906933 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7052066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the role of B lymphoma Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region 1 (BMI1) gene in regulating the apoptosis, invasion, and migration of human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line (HEC-1B) cells induced by ionizing radiation. The expression of BMI1 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the positive expression of BMI1 was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. HEC-1 B cells were randomly divided into three groups: control group, BMI1 overexpression group, and BMI1 inhibitor group. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8); cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell test; cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry; and the expression of MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, Rock1, RhoA, P53, P21, and Bax protein was detected by the western blot. The results suggested that the expression of BMI1 mRNA and tissue positive in endometrial cancer tissues was increased significantly. After ionizing radiation, compared with the control group, the proliferation, cell migration, and invasion of HEC-1B cells were increased significantly in the BMI1 overexpression group, while the proliferation, cell migration, and invasion of HEC-1B cells were decreased significantly in BMI1 inhibitor group. The apoptosis rate of BMI1 overexpression group was decreased significantly, while the BMI1 inhibitor group was increased significantly. The levels of MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, Rock1, RhoA and p53, p21, Bax protein in BMI1 overexpression group were significantly increased, while the levels of MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, Rock1, RhoA and p53, p21, Bax protein in BMI1 inhibitor group were significantly decreased. BMI1 is highly expressed in endometrial cancer tissues, and inhibiting BMI1 expression can reduce the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HEC-1B cells after ionizing radiation and promote apoptosis, which offers new insights into the clinical radiotherapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenting Luo
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Peijun Ji
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhujuan Li
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Jiangjin District Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Niu Z, Li Y, Xu Y, Jiang W, Tao R, Chen Y, Han Y. Silencing FYVE, RhoGEF, and PH domain containing 1 (FGD1) suppresses melanoma progression by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12193-12205. [PMID: 34783295 PMCID: PMC8810171 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2005877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is the leading cause of death among skin cancers despite the availability of diverse treatments. FGD1 plays an important role in multiple cancers, but how it works in cutaneous melanoma has not been illustrated. Thus, this study was intended to investigate the roles of FGD1 and its underlying mechanisms in cutaneous melanoma. Bioinformatics tools and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to analyze the expression of FGD1 in cutaneous melanoma. After the knockdown of FGD1 in melanoma cells, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells were analyzed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay, colony formation assays and transwell assays. Western blot was used to check the expression of key factors in PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, nude mice models were used to study the role of FGD1 in melanoma development and metastasis in vivo. The data demonstrated that FGD1 was up-regulated and predicted a poor clinical outcome for cutaneous melanoma patients. Knockdown of FGD1 inhibited melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT were significantly decreased, while the expressions of PI3K and AKT showed no marked difference in the knockdown group. Meanwhile, knockdown of FGD1 suppressed the development of melanoma in vivo. This study suggested that knockdown of FGD1 could block melanoma formation and proliferation by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. FGD1 might be a promising therapeutic target for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Niu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yujian Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqian Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youbai Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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Moon KM, Lee MK, Hwang T, Choi CW, Kim MS, Kim HR, Lee B. The multi-functional roles of forkhead box protein O in skin aging and diseases. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102101. [PMID: 34418600 PMCID: PMC8385202 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box, class O (FoxO) family members are multifunctional transcription factors that are involved in several metabolic processes, including energy metabolism, apoptosis, DNA repair, and oxidative stress. However, their roles in skin health have not been well-documented. Recent studies have indicated that FoxOs are important factors to control skin homeostasis and health. The activation or deactivation of some FoxO family members is closely related to melanogenesis, wound healing, acne, and melanoma. In this review, we have discussed the recent findings that demonstrate the relationship between FoxOs and skin health as well as the underlying mechanisms associated with their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Mi Moon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyeok Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Whan Choi
- Natural Product Research Team, Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Rak Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholipour M, Taheri M. MicroRNA Signature in Melanoma: Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2021; 11:608987. [PMID: 33968718 PMCID: PMC8100681 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.608987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the utmost fatal kind of skin neoplasms. Molecular changes occurring during the pathogenic processes of initiation and progression of melanoma are diverse and include activating mutations in BRAF and NRAS genes, hyper-activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, inactivation of p53 and alterations in CDK4/CDKN2A axis. Moreover, several miRNAs have been identified to be implicated in the biology of melanoma through modulation of expression of genes being involved in these pathways. In the current review, we provide a summary of the bulk of information about the role of miRNAs in the pathobiology of melanoma, their possible application as biomarkers and their emerging role as therapeutic targets for this kind of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Khandelwal A, Sharma U, Barwal TS, Seam RK, Gupta M, Rana MK, Vasquez KM, Jain A. Circulating miR-320a Acts as a Tumor Suppressor and Prognostic Factor in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:645475. [PMID: 33833996 PMCID: PMC8021852 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.645475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been observed in several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the diagnostic and prognostic potential of circulating miRNAs in NSCLC remains largely undefined. Here we found that circulating miR-320a was significantly down-regulated (~5.87-fold; p < 0.0001) in NSCLC patients (n = 80) compared to matched control plasma samples from healthy subjects (n = 80). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that NSCLC patients with lower levels of circulating miR-320a had overall poorer prognosis and survival rates compared to patients with higher levels (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the diagnostic and prognostic potential of miR-320a correlated with clinicopathological characteristics such as tumor size, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and lymph node metastasis. Functionally, depletion of miR-320a in human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells induced their metastatic potential and reduced apoptosis, which was reversed by exogenous re-expression of miR-320a mimics, indicating that miR-320a has a tumor-suppressive role in NSCLC. These results were further supported by high levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins (e.g., Beta-catenin, MMP9, and E-cadherin) in lung cancer cells and tissues via immunoblot and immunohistochemistry experiments. Moreover, through bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assays, we demonstrated that AKT3 was a direct target of miR-320a. In addition, AKT3-associated PI3K/AKT/mTOR protein-signaling pathways were elevated with down-regulated miR-320a levels in NSCLC. These composite data indicate that circulating miR-320a may function as a tumor-suppressor miRNA with potential as a prognostic marker for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Khandelwal
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Uttam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | | | - Rajeev Kumar Seam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India
| | - Manjit Kaur Rana
- Lab Medicine, Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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10
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Chang Y, Jin H, Li H, Ma J, Zheng Z, Sun B, Lyu Y, Lin M, Zhao H, Shen L, Zhang R, Wu S, Lin W, Lu Y, Xie Q, Zhang G, Huang X, Huang H. MiRNA-516a promotes bladder cancer metastasis by inhibiting MMP9 protein degradation via the AKT/FOXO3A/SMURF1 axis. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e263. [PMID: 33377649 PMCID: PMC7752166 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with bladder cancer (BC). However, current available treatments exert little effects on metastatic BC. Moreover, traditional grading and staging have only a limited ability to identify metastatic BC. Accumulating evidence indicates that the aberrant expression of microRNA is intimately associated with tumor progression. So far, many miRNAs have been identified as molecular targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy. This study focused on the role of miR-516a-5p (miR-516a) in BC. METHODS MiR-516a expression and its downstream signaling pathway were detected using molecular cell biology and biochemistry approaches and techniques. Fresh clinical BC tissue was used to study the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with different miR-516a expression. The biological functions of miR-516a in BC were tested both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS A more invasive BC phenotype was significantly and positively correlated with miR-516a overexpression in BC patients. MiR-516a inhibition significantly decreased BC cell invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, miR-516a attenuated the expression of PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 protein and inhibited SMAD-specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 transcription by activating the AKT/Forkhead box O3 signaling pathway, which stabilized MMP9 and slowed down its proteasomal degradation, ultimately promoting BC motility and invasiveness. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal the crucial function of miR-516a in promoting BC metastasis, and elucidate the molecular mechanism involved, suggesting that miR-516a may be a promising novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Hongyan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jiugao Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhijian Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Binuo Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yiting Lyu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Mengqi Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - He Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Liping Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Shuilian Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Weiwei Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yongyong Lu
- The First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Qipeng Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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11
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Wang W, Liu G, Liu M, Li X. Long non-coding RNA SNHG7 promotes malignant melanoma progression through negative modulation of miR-9. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:973-981. [PMID: 32365219 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (lncRNA SNHG7) was verified to act as an onco-gene in human cancers. Nevertheless, the role of SNHG7 in malignant melanoma remains elusive. The present study showed an increase of SNHG7 expression in malignant melanoma tissues and cell lines. Besides, SNHG7 knockdown inhibited proliferation and migration in malignant melanoma cells. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that SNHG7 functions as a molecular sponge for miR-9 in biological behavior of melanoma cells. And miR-9 could inhibit the expression of PI3KR3 by binding with the 3'-UTR. Furthermore, PI3KR3, pAKT, cyclin D1 and Girdin expression was down-regulated after SNHG7 knockdown by siRNA. In addition, SNHG7 knockdown decreased xenograft growth in vivo. Taken together, this research demonstrated that SNHG7 was an oncogene in malignant melanoma, providing a novel insight for the pathogenesis and new potential therapeutic target for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangjing Liu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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12
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Yang C, Xia Z, Zhu L, Li Y, Zheng Z, Liang J, Wu L. MicroRNA-139-5p modulates the growth and metastasis of malignant melanoma cells via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by binding to IGF1R. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:3513-3524. [PMID: 31724454 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1690881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The relation between microRNAs (miRNAs) and malignant melanoma has been demonstrated in previous studies, while there was little research about miR-139-5p and malignant melanoma. The aim of this study is to investigate the ability of miR-139-5p in malignant melanoma cells via the modulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by targeting IGF1R. MiR-139-5p expression in malignant melanoma tissues and 5 malignant melanoma cell lines was detected. The melanoma cells were transfected with miR-139-5p mimic negative control (NC) sequence, miR-139-5p mimic, IGF1R overexpressed recombinant plasmid NC or IGF1R overexpressed sequence. The expression of Akt signaling pathway-related protein was evaluated. The biological functions in malignant melanoma cells were evaluated by a string of experiments. MiR-139-5p expressed a poor level in tissues and cell lines of malignant melanoma. Overexpressed miR-139-5p suppressed the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and contributed to the promoted apoptosis of malignant melanoma cells by decreasing IGF1R. MiR-139-5p down-regulated the IGF1R expression, and IGF1R accelerated the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. miR-139-5p reversed the promotive impacts of IGF1R on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The study validates that miR-139-5p could suppress malignant melanoma progression through the repression of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by down-regulating IGF1R. Therefore, miR-139-5p could pave a new way for the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-senUniversity, Guangzhou, PR. China
| | - Zhaoxia Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-senUniversity, PR. China
| | - Lifei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-senUniversity, Guangzhou, PR. China
| | - Yanchang Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-senUniversity, Guangzhou, PR. China
| | - Zhixin Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-senUniversity, Guangzhou, PR. China
| | - Jianying Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR.China
| | - Liangcai Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-senUniversity, Guangzhou, PR. China
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13
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Lu C, Jiang W, Hui B, Rong D, Fu K, Dong C, Tang W, Cao H. The circ_0021977/miR-10b-5p/P21 and P53 regulatory axis suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion in colorectal cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2273-2285. [PMID: 31595500 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of circular RNAs (circRNAs) indicates that they are abundant in the eukaryotic transcriptome. Many circRNAs act as microRNA sponges; thus, they represent a new type of regulatory factor. However, the role of circRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains largely unknown. Low circ_0021977 expression in patients with CRC is associated with higher tug-lymph node metastasis (TNM) stage and poorer prognosis compared with patients with high circ_0021977 expression. Moreover, miR-10b-5p was shown to be a target of circ_0021977, and p21 and p53 are suggested to be putative target genes of miR-10b-5p. The results showed that the circ_0021977/miR-10b-5p/p21&p53 regulatory axis suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion by CRC cells. This evidence reveals new relationships and brings new highlights to the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingqing Hui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dawei Rong
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoxi Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript promotes malignant melanoma progression and oxaliplatin resistance. Melanoma Res 2019; 29:254-262. [PMID: 30640294 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) was confirmed to participate in the development of many cancers. However, the function of XIST in malignant melanoma (MM) remained largely unknown. In the current study, we found that the XIST expression level was upregulated in MM tissues and cell lines. In addition, the growth rate of MM cells transfected with silencing XIST was significantly decreased compared with that with silencing normal control. XIST knockdown inhibited proliferation and migration in MM cells and increased the oxaliplatin sensitivity of oxaliplatin-resistant MM cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that XIST acts as a molecular sponge for miR-21 and miR-21 directly targets with 3'-UTR of PI3KR1. Furthermore, XIST knockdown inhibited PI3KRI and AKT expression, and promoted Bcl-2 and Bax expression. In short, the current study showed that XIST was a crucial regulator in progression and oxaliplatin resistance of MM, providing a novel insight into the pathogenesis and underlying therapeutic target for MM.
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15
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Shirjang S, Mansoori B, Asghari S, Duijf PHG, Mohammadi A, Gjerstorff M, Baradaran B. MicroRNAs in cancer cell death pathways: Apoptosis and necroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 139:1-15. [PMID: 31102709 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To protect tissues and the organism from disease, potentially harmful cells are removed through programmed cell death processes, including apoptosis and necroptosis. These types of cell death are critically controlled by microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are short RNA molecules that target and inhibit expression of many cellular regulators, including those controlling programmed cell death via the intrinsic (Bcl-2 and Mcl-1), extrinsic (TRAIL and Fas), p53-and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptotic pathways, as well as the necroptosis cell death pathway. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of apoptosis and necroptosis pathways and how these are impaired in cancer cells. We focus on how miRNAs disrupt apoptosis and necroptosis, thereby critically contributing to malignancy. Understanding which and how miRNAs and their targets affect cell death pathways could open up novel therapeutic opportunities for cancer patients. Indeed, restoration of pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor miRNAs (apoptomiRs) or inhibition of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) represent strategies that are currently being trialed or are already applied as miRNA-based cancer therapies. Therefore, better understanding the cancer type-specific expression of apoptomiRs and oncomiRs and their underlying mechanisms in cell death pathways will not only advance our knowledge, but also continue to provide new opportunities to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Shirjang
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Samira Asghari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pascal H G Duijf
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Gjerstorff
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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16
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Wu Z, Ai X, Hu H, Wang S, Wang Y, Kang F, Ouyang C, Zhu J. Hematopoietic-substrate-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) regulates liver cancer cells growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis through Akt. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:1223-1233. [PMID: 31132019 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1617562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of hematopoietic-substrate-1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) on liver cancer cells. Information on HAX-1 from liver cancer patients was analyzed by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program. Cell migration and invasion abilities were respectively tested by scratch assay and transwell assay. Tube formation assay was applied to detect angiogenesis protein and mRNA was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. We found that the median month survival of HAX-1 overexpressing liver cancer patients was shorter than that of HAX-1 normal liver cancer patients. HAX-1 was overexpressed in liver cancer tissues and cells, and HAX-1 overexpression promoted the liver cancer cells growth, migration, and invasion, whereas silencing HAX-1 produced the opposite results. Inhibition of Akt by LY294002 reversed the migration and invasion abilities of liver cancer cells, and inhibited the ability of cells growth and angiogenesis. Silencing PIK3CA enhanced the inhibitory effects of HAX-1 silencing on the viability, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells. HAX-1 affected liver cancer cells metastasis and angiogenesis by affecting Akt phosphorylation and FOXO3A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Aerospace Center Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Xiangnan Ai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Aerospace Center Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Aerospace Center Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Feng Kang
- Beijing Vitalstar Biotechnology Co., Ltd ., Beijing , China
| | - Caiguo Ouyang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Aerospace Center Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Jiye Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing , China
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17
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Down-regulation of miR-543 expression increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-Fluorouracil through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190249. [PMID: 30842340 PMCID: PMC6430726 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy is one of main obstacles in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanisms are still unclear, and the treatment options are still limited. miR-543 has been indicated to act as an oncogene in some cancers, but its function in regulating chemoresistance has not been considered in CRC cells. This study investigated whether the down-regulation of miR-543 expression enhanced 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced apoptosis in HCT8/FU colon cancer cells. In our study, qRT-PCR revealed that miR-543 expression was up-regulated in the HCT8/FU colon cancer cell line compared with that of HCT8 colon cancer cell line. An miR-543 inhibitor or mimic was transfected, followed by MTT assay to detect 5-FU sensitivity in HCT8 and HCT8/FU cell lines, which showed that IC50 of 5-FU was positively correlated with miR-543 expression. Further studies showed that miR-543 enhanced drug resistance by down-regulating the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which negatively regulates protein kinase B (AKT) activation. Additionally, an elevated expression of PTEN reversed the chemoresistance of miR-543-overexpressing HCT8 cells to 5-FU. These results indicate that miR-543 might be a target to increase the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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18
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Riefolo M, Porcellini E, Dika E, Broseghini E, Ferracin M. Interplay between small and long non-coding RNAs in cutaneous melanoma: a complex jigsaw puzzle with missing pieces. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:74-98. [PMID: 30499222 PMCID: PMC6322194 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) has increased in the past few decades. The biology of melanoma is characterized by a complex interaction between genetic, environmental and phenotypic factors. A greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms that promote melanoma cell growth and dissemination is crucial to improve diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of CM. Both small and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to play a role in melanoma biology; microRNA and lncRNA expression is altered in transformed melanocytes and this in turn has functional effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and immune response. Moreover, specific dysregulated ncRNAs were shown to have a diagnostic or prognostic role in melanoma and to drive the establishment of drug resistance. Here, we review the current literature on small and lncRNAs with a role in melanoma, with the aim of putting into some order this complex jigsaw puzzle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Riefolo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaItaly
| | - Elisa Porcellini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaItaly
| | - Emi Dika
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaItaly
| | - Elisabetta Broseghini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaItaly
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaItaly
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19
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miR‑590‑5p inhibits tumor growth in malignant melanoma by suppressing YAP1 expression. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2056-2066. [PMID: 30106445 PMCID: PMC6111548 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of malignant melanoma (MM) remain unclear. In the present study, miR-590-5p was identified to be upregulated in MM cells compared with human melanocytes using a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction to screen established oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs. miR-590-5p was demonstrated to inhibit the cell proliferation and tumor growth of MM cells in vitro and in vivo by performing Cell Counting Kit-8 and tumour xenograft assays, respectively. In addition, flowcytometry assays indicated that miR-590-5p induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1 stage in MM cells. Finally, luciferase assays and western blot analysis results confirmed that the transcriptional regulator Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is upregulated and inversely associated with miR-590-5p expression in MM cells, and is the direct target and functional mediator of miR-590-5p in MM. Altogether these results reveal the functional and mechanistic link between miR-590-5p and YAP1 in the progression of MM. Therefore, miR-590-5p is a potential therapeutic target in MM.
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20
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Ross CL, Kaushik S, Valdes-Rodriguez R, Anvekar R. MicroRNAs in cutaneous melanoma: Role as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5133-5141. [PMID: 29226953 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of skin cancer deaths in the United States, and its incidence has been rising steadily for the past 30 years (Aftab, Dinger, & Perera, 2014). A more complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive melanomagenesis is crucial to improve diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of this disease. Given that melanoma survival rates are better when the disease is detected early, precise diagnostic tests for early melanoma detection would be extremely useful. In addition, as survival rates decrease drastically when the disease becomes metastatic, improved tools to more precisely identify high-risk patients as well as to predict treatment response are necessary. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in melanoma biology could be the key. miRNA expression profiling has identified several miRNAs that play a crucial role in melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as miRNAs involved in apoptosis and in the immune response. Here we review the most current data on the miRNAs involved in melanoma as well as their potential roles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey L Ross
- Department of Dermatology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shivani Kaushik
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Rodrigo Valdes-Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rina Anvekar
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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21
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Chen S, Jin Z, Dai L, Wu H, Wang J, Wang L, Zhou Z, Yang L, Gao W. Aloperine induces apoptosis and inhibits invasion in MG-63 and U2OS human osteosarcoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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22
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Daniel R, Wu Q, Williams V, Clark G, Guruli G, Zehner Z. A Panel of MicroRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers for the Identification of Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017. [PMID: 28621736 PMCID: PMC5486103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer among men; yet, current diagnostic methods are insufficient, and more reliable diagnostic markers need to be developed. One answer that can bridge this gap may lie in microRNAs. These small RNA molecules impact protein expression at the translational level, regulating important cellular pathways, the dysregulation of which can exert tumorigenic effects contributing to cancer. In this study, high throughput sequencing of small RNAs extracted from blood from 28 prostate cancer patients at initial stages of diagnosis and prior to treatment was used to identify microRNAs that could be utilized as diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer compared to 12 healthy controls. In addition, a group of four microRNAs (miR-1468-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-1538 and miR-197-3p) was identified as normalization standards for subsequent qRT-PCR confirmation. qRT-PCR analysis corroborated microRNA sequencing results for the seven top dysregulated microRNAs. The abundance of four microRNAs (miR-127-3p, miR-204-5p, miR-329-3p and miR-487b-3p) was upregulated in blood, whereas the levels of three microRNAs (miR-32-5p, miR-20a-5p and miR-454-3p) were downregulated. Data analysis of the receiver operating curves for these selected microRNAs exhibited a better correlation with prostate cancer than PSA (prostate-specific antigen), the current gold standard for prostate cancer detection. In summary, a panel of seven microRNAs is proposed, many of which have prostate-specific targets, which may represent a significant improvement over current testing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda Daniel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU Medical Center and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0614, USA.
| | - Qianni Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU Medical Center and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0614, USA.
| | - Vernell Williams
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathology, VCU Health System, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0248, USA.
| | - Gene Clark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU Medical Center and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0614, USA.
| | - Georgi Guruli
- Division of Urology, VCU Medical Center and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0037, USA.
| | - Zendra Zehner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU Medical Center and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0614, USA.
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